大学英语六级模拟试卷340

大学英语六级模拟试卷340

一、作文（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

1、Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteapassageofatleast150

wordsinthetitleofWhoShouldbeResponsibleforOurOldPeople.Pleasefollowthe

outlinegivenbelow.1.列举我国老年人生活存在的问题。2.你认为应如何解决这些

问题。

标准答案：WhoShouldbeResponsibleforOurOldPeople?Nowadaysmorepeople

enjoylongerlifeexpectancythanbefore.Weareactuallyenteringanageofageing

society.Withtheincreasingnumberoflaid-offworkersandtheincreasingcostto

maintaintheold,manyproblemshavearisen.Forexample,someoldworkersofsome

formerstate-ownedenterprisesarclaidoffbeforetheyretireandthustheycangetneither

theirsalariesnortheirpensionsandhavetoliveontheirhard-earnedsavingswhicharc

farfromenoughaftertheirbringingupoftheirchildren.Stillsome,especiallythosefrom

thecountry,withnoincomeandnocarefromtheirselfishchildren,havetocollectwaste

tomakealivingorevenbeg.Tomymind,itisnotonlyafinancialproblem,butalsoa

problemofwhatkindofmoralstandardswewantoursocietytohave.Tosolvethe

financialproblem,first,companiesorworkingunitsconcernedshouldberesponsiblefor

theirlaid-offemployeessincetheyhavemadegreatcontributiontotheircompanies.

Thenitisthedutyofthegovernmenttofinancethefoundationofold-agepensionwitha

partofitstaxincomes.Astotheissueofmoralstandards,itisanoldtraditioninChina

thatyoungpeopleshouldassumetheirfilialdutytotakecareoftheirparentsasparents

havedevotedalltheirlivestobringingtheyoungup.Inwhicheverage,weshouldnever

discardit.Tosumup,agedpeopleproblemisaverycomplicatedissue.Tosolvethis

problem,acombinedmechanismofcollectiveresponsibilityandindividualresponsibility

isneeded.Onlywhentheproblemoftheagediswellhandledcanweenjoyastableand

harmonioussociety.

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共70

分。）

Painsanti.GainsPainsTheIraqWarisdraggingintoitsfourthyear.Whilepeace

remainsuncertaininIraq,opinionpollsintheUnitedStateshaveshownthatsupportfor

thewarisfallingdown.However,U.S.PresidentGeorgeW.Bushhasoutwardly

expressedhisconfidenceonmorethanoneoccasion."I'moptimisticwe'llsucceed.Ifnot,

I'dpullourtroopsout,'*hesaidatarecentpressconference.Whenheorderedtroopsinto

IraqonMarch20,2003,GeorgeW.Bushprobablywouldnothaveimaginedthatthe

countrywouldbeplungedintosuchachaoticsituationthreeyearslater.Despiteits

victoriousoffensives,U.S.forceshavenotbeenabletoclearanti-U.S.resistance,which

ineffecthasseenadrasticrestorationrecently.AlthoughtheU.S.dominateddemocratic

processhaslargelybeencompleted,andWashingtoncontinuestoincreaseeconomic

assistance,Iraqhasmadelittleprogressinitsreconstruction,leavingIraqipeoplewiih

severewaterandpowershortages.Inparticular,eversincethebombingofafamous

Shiiteshrine（什叶派教后的圣地）onFebruary22,thefeudbetweentheSunnis（逊尼派

教徒）andtheShiites,Iraq'stwomajorreligioussects,hasdegeneratedtotheedgeofa

completelossofcontrol.Atpresent,theUnitedStatescanneithercomeupwithaquick

answertotheIraqproblem,norriditselfoftheheavyburdeneasily.Behindthe"Iraq

syndrome"arethehugecostsonthepartoftheUnitedStates:over2,300troopskilled

and$200250billionspent.GainsAsamatteroffact,（heUnitedStateshasreaped

remarkablebenefitsfromthewarinspiteofitsvastcosts.GeopoliticalPriorityThe

geopoliticalsituationhasbeenmademorefavorabletotheUnitedStates.Oneofthe

underlyingreasonswhytheUnitedStatesseeksatransformationofIraqistosmashArab

nationalismsoastokeepafirmgriponArabcountries.Iftheiradvantagesinpopulation,

naturalresourcesandgeographicpositionareintegratedandtheyspeakwithonevoice,

letaloneestablishaunifiedArabcountry,the22-nationArabworldwillbecapableof

resistinginterventionbybigpowers.Unitymeanspowerandprovidesthebestscreen

againsttheinterferenceofWesternsuperpowers.Arabnationalism,championedby

formerEgyptianPremierGamalAbdelNasser,wasatitsheightinthe1950sto1960s.In

1956,NassersuccessfullydefendedthemilitaryaggressionwagedbyBritain,Hanceand

Israel.IntheFourthMiddleEastWar,ortheYomKippurWarin1973,theArab

countrieseffectivelyprotectedtheirdignityandinterestsbyusingtheoilweapon.

AlthoughArabnationalismgraduallydeclinedafterthat,withconflictsemergingamong

thevariousnations,thebasisforpoliticalintegrationstillexists.FortheUnitedStates,

theArabworldis,ofcourse,toolarge.IraqisatthecoreoftheArabworld.Itsformer

leaderSaddamHusseinhadbeengoingoutofhiswaytoreviveArabnationalismby

takingadvantageoftheanti-U.S.sentimentspopularintheMiddleEast,something

inauspiciousforWashington.ItisforthesereasonsthattheUnitedStatessetabout

changingthenatureofIraqthroughtheIraqWar,thepost-wardemocratic

transformation,andespeciallysupportingtheKurds（库尔德人）.InthenewIraqi

Constitution,thecountryisnolongerlabeledan"Arabcountry".TheUnitedStateshas

thereforesucceededinbreakingtheArabworldfromwithin,preventingtherevivalof

Arabnationalismandgettingridofthebiggestthreatforittocontroltheoilandstrategic

zonesintheMiddleEast.Inthemeantime,asIraqisturnedintoadependent,proU.S.

（支持美国的）country,theUnitedStateswillbeabletoestablishanewstrategicbasein

theheartoftheMiddleEast.AcurvelinkingTurkey,IraqandPakistanisinthemaking.

DemocraticTransformationTheUnitedStateshassubjectedMiddleEastcountriestoits

democratictransformation.Promotingdemocratictransformationisanessentialpartof

theU.S.MiddleEastpolicy,onwhichitreliestoeliminateterrorismandreshapethe

MiddleEastorder.IraqprovidesaperfectlaboratoryfortheU.S.democratic

transformationexperiment.In2005,theIraqipoliticalprocessmadeagreatprogress

despitefrequentsetbacks.Notonlyhadthepreviousobjectivesbeengenerallyfulfilled,

butthepublicalsoshowedanevergreatereagernessforpoliticalparticipation.For

example,some8.5millioncastvotesintheelectionforthetransitionalNational

AssemblyJanuarylastyear,butbyDecemberwhentheformallegislativeelectiontook

place,thenumberofvotershadrisento12million.UndertheinfluenceofIraq,Palestine,

Lebanon,SaudiArabiaandEgyptalsoheldpresidential,parliamentaryorregional

electionslastyear."Democracy"hasbecomesomethingthatallMiddleEastnations

expect.Somecriticsevencalledthetrendan"ArabSpring".Asidefromtheactualeffects

oftheelections,theintroductionoftheconceptof"deniocracy'*initselfisbeneficialto

theUnitedStates.TheUnitedStateshasturneditselffromahegemonic(霸权的)power

toaguardianofdemocracy,maintainingasolidcontrolovertheMiddleEastregion.

ControlofOilResourcesTheUnitedStateshasstrengtheneditscontrolovertheoil

resourcesintheMiddleEast.EvenbeforetheIraqWar,someinsightfulpeoplehad

pointedoutthatthewarwouldbemainlytargetedatoil.IfIraqhadnotbeenrichinoil,

theUnitedSlateswouldhavethoughttwicebeforegoingintothewar.Asisknown,Iraq

hasanoildepositof112billionbarrels(M),rankingsecondintheworld.TheU.S.

EnergyInformationAdministrationestimatesthatanadditional220billionbarrelsmight

bediscoveredinthedesertsinwesternIraq.Ifthisestimationistrue,Iraqwillexceed

SaudiArabiatobecometheworld'sNo.1oil-richcountry.Bybreakingdownthe

Saddamregime,theUnitedStatesgotaccesstotheoilfields,avictorythatensuresits

longterm,stableoilsupply.Washington'sintentionhasbecomeevidentthroughaseries

ofinitiativesittookafterthewar.TheIraqWarwasdeclaredtopreventthespreadof

nuclearweaponsandto"liberatetheIraqipeople'1.However,assoonasitoccupiedthe

country,WashingtonsentheavytroopstoseizeIraq'soilfields,turningablindeyetoits

socialchaos.Todate,63ofthe85oilfieldsinIraqhavesignedlong-termcontractswith

U.S.multinationals.Underthesecontracts,upto$194billioninIraqioilrevenuesare

goingtomultinationaloilcompanies,andnopoliticalforceinIraqcanchangethese

contracts.Obviously,theUnitedStateshasbecomethebiggestownerofIraq'soil

interests.ObserverspointedoutthatpeoplehavecometorealizethattheIraqWar

actuallyresultedfromoil.interestsandpossessiveness.GameofSuperpowerTheIraq

warisabig,unpredictablebusinessdealfortheUnitedStates,arashexperimentin

Utopiandemocracy,andevenavideogamethatonlyasuperpowercanaffordtoplay.

Bushmayconsiderpullingthetroopsoutasalastresort.ButtheIraqis,whowere

deprivedofhomes,jobsandlovedonesandmightfaceapossiblesplitoftheircountry,

havebecomeperpetualvictimsofthebitterwar.

2、PresidentGeorgeW.BushclaimedthatmilitaryforcewouldwithdrawfromIraqin

nocasethoughopinionpollsintheUnitedStateshaveshownthatsupportforthewaris

fallingdown.

A、Y

B、N

C>NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节判断题。文章第一部分第一段，布什总统在一次媒体见面会上

说："I'moptimisticwellsucceed.Ifnot,I'dpullourtroopsout.”虽然对胜利持乐

观态度，但是，如果战争不能获胜，美国将会撤出军队。选项与文章不一致。

3、ReligiousconflictbetweensectsinIraqbecameworseduetothewar.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题是推断题。文章的第一部分第三段主要叙述了战争给伊拉克人民

造成的灾难，由"Iraq'stwomajorreligioussects,hasdegeneratedtotheedgeofa

complexlossofconirol哦们可以知道，战争使伊拉克国内宗教冲突陷入无法控制

的局面，因此，宗教矛盾恶化。

4、TheUnitedStatesintendedtounitetheArabworldtocontroltheoilandstrategic

zonesintheMiddleEast.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：见GeopoliticalPriority这一部分。美国只有通过伊拉克战争分裂阿拉

伯国家才能达到控制这一地区的目的。所以，选项和文章的观点是矛盾的。

5、DemocracywasexpectedinallMiddleEastnationsundertheinfluenceofIraq.

A、Y

R、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：见DemocraticTransformation这一部分。受伊拉克民主的影响，所有

的中东国家都希望能够像伊拉克那样实行民主政治。"，Democracy，hasbecome

somethingthatallMiddleEastnationsexpect.”

6、SomeoftheoilfieldswerebombedbyIraqincasethattheUSobtainedtheminthe

war.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点解析：通观整篇文章，没有关于伊拉克炸毁油田以防止被美国获取的内容。

7、AmericareapedgreatgainsfromIraqwardespitethemuchpainfrombothsides.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案；A

知识点解析：这是一道归纳题，需要总结文章的大意。从文章的题目以及整篇文章

所表达的中心思想来看，本文旨在说明美国发动伊拉克战争虽然付出了巨大的代

价，但是其收获也是惊人的。

8、TheUnitedStatessmashedArabnationalismsoasto.

标准答案：keepafirmgriponArabcountries

知识点解析：第三部分第一段交待了美国粉碎伊拉克民族主义的目的是使美国更加

容易地控制阿拉伯国家。"OneoftheunderlyingreasonswhytheUnitedStatesseeksa

transformationofIraqistosmashArabnationalismsoastokeepafirmgriponArab

countries.”

9^isatthecoreoftheArabworld.

标准答案：Iniq

知识点解析：见第三部分第一段"ImqisatthecoreoftheArabworld.”正是因为伊

拉克是阿拉伯世界的中心，才使得它的地缘政治地位尤其重要。

10NTheUnitedStateshasturneditselffromahegemonicpowertoaguardianof

democracybytheintroductionoftotheMiddleEast.

标准答案：theconceptof"democracy"

知识点解析：文章的倒数第二部分谈到，美国把民主的观念传到中东，是为了美化

自己的霸权主义，把自己装扮成捍卫民主的卫士。

11>IftheestimatesoftheU.S.EnergyInformationAdministrationaboutoilreservein

thedesertsinwesternIraqaretrue,thedepositofoilinIraqwillamountto.

标准答案:332billionbarrels

知识点解析：根据ControlofOilResources这一部分可知，伊拉克原来的石油储量

是112billionbarrels,而美国能源信息部估计在伊拉克西部的沙漠中还有220

billionbarrels的储量。因此，如果估计是正确的话，伊拉克的石油总储量应该是

332billionbarrels,居世界第一。

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题7.0分，共8分。）

12、

A^Themanshouldtrytobemoreunderstanding,

B、Theman'swifeshouldbemoreunderstanding.

C、Theman'snegativeattitudemaybederivedfromhischildhood.

D、Thepessimismoftheman'swifemaybetheresultofherpastexperiences.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：综合推断题。男士不明白自己妻子为什么总是以消极的态度看待一

切，女士说他应该了解一下妻子的童年，因此，女士的意思是男士妻子的消极态度

可能与过去的经历有关，所以D正确。

13、

A、Asnowstorm.

B、Anearthquake.

C^Atrafficaccident.

D、Ahurricane.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：综合推断题。结合对话中的floor,bouncing和rolling推断，当时发

生了地震，所以B正确。

14、

A、Thetwospeakersareclassmates.

B、Themanismajoringinelementaryeducation.

C、Thewomanismajoringinelementaryeducation.

D、Thetwospeakersgottoknoweachotherinaclass.

标准答案：C:

知识点解析：信息明示题。由女士的问话Areyoualsomajoringinelementary

education,特别是其中的also可知，女士的专业是基础教育，所以C正确。

15、

A、At6:15.

B、At5:50.

C、At16:05.

D、At16:15.

标准答案：D

知识点解析:综合推断题。女士说shouldhavetakenoffat14:00,用的是虚拟语

气，表明飞机并没有在14:00起飞，结合后面的groundedfortwohoursandfifleen

minutes可知，飞机在14:00+2:15=16:15起飞，故选D。

16、

A、Unemployment.

B、Familybreakup.

C>Mentalproblems.

D、Drinking.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：信息明示题。女士问在街上流浪的是哪些人，男士说有失业的，有精

神病患者，还有一些酒鬼，并没有提及家庭破裂者，排除B。

17、

A、Shedisagreeswiththeman.

B、Shedoesn'tenjoylongspeeches.

C^Shehadn'tknownhowlongthespeechwouldbe.

D、Shedoesn'thaveaspecialopinionaboutthespeaker.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：语义替换题。男士说演讲者太令人厌烦了，女士却说：“我不知道，

事实上，我对他没有特别的感觉。”由此可以推断D正确。

18、

A、Theyareattendingaconcert.

B、Theyarenegotiatingaboutaprice.

C^Theyareplanningtogoforadate.

D、Theyarebuyingsomethingfbrtheirfirm.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：综合推断题。女士说这是自己的最低价并表示不能再让步；男士说如

果是这样，就无需再讨论了，他们将取消整笔交易，由此可知他们在商议价格，所

以B正确。本题的关键词是rock-bottomprice（最低价）以及cancelthewholedeal（取

消整笔交易）。

19、

A、Themanisafootballfan.

B、Themanneedsthewoman'shelp.

C、Themandidn'twatchTVlastnight.

D^Themanoftenhaspowerfailureathome.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：综合推断题。女士问男士为什么不高兴，男上说他家里昨晚停电，他

错过了大半场足球比赛，由此可知，男士是位足球迷，所以A正确。

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题1.0

分,共3分。）

20、

A、Astronomy.

B、Psychology.

C>Jobcounselling.

D、Physicaltherapy.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

21、

A、Experimentalmedicines.

B、Specialtreatmentcenters.

CNFlexibleworkschedule.

D、Innovativephysicalexercise.

标准答案：B'

知识点解析：暂无解析

22、

A、Buyanewwatch.

B、Gotobedearlier.

C、Seeadoctor.

D^Changehisjob.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分,共4分。）

23、

A^Itisexciting.

B、Thereisalotoffan.

C、Itisahardgame.

D、Itisaslowgame.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

24、

A、Waitingfortheotherbatsman.

B、Standinginfrontofthewicket.

C>Tryingtohittheball.

D、Runningtochangepositions.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

25、

A、Herunsaftertheball.

B、Hechangespositions.

C、Hethrowsthebail.

D、Hetriestohittheball.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

26、

A、Bothprefercrickettobaseball.

BNBothpreferbaseballtocricket.

C、MarkdisagreeswithJohn.

D、Itisnotclearfromtheconversation.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题7.0

分，共6分。）

27、

A^Shewasdrivingalongacountyroad.

Shewaslyingnearalonelyroad,trembling.

C>Shewaslyinginahospitalbed.

D^Shewastellinganastonishingstorytoadoctor.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

28>

A、Shefaintedduetotheeffectsofsomedrug.

Shewasstoppedbyapolicemanandtreatedrudely.

C、Shewasattackedbyrobbers.

D、Shewasstoppedandforcedtoenteraflyingsaucer.

标准答案：D’「

知识点解析：哲无解析

29、

A、Thewomanmadeupanastonishingstory.

B、Thewomanhadintendedtoleaveherhusbandwithoutaword.

C、Thewomanhadbeentakenoverathousandmilesawayfromherhome.

D、Thewomanhadbeendishonesttoherhusband.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

30、

A、Lightdarkenssilversalt.

B、Lightdarkensnaturalsalt.

C^Lightdarkenssilver.

D、Lightdarkensself-developingfilm.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

31、

A、1727.

B、1826.

C、1839.

D、1860.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

32、

A、Hewasabravesoldier.

B、Hetookwarphotographs.

C^Hepaintedportraits.

D^Hedesignedaportablecamera.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分,共4分。）

33、

A、Theycaneasilylearnquitelongpoemsbyheart.

B、Theycanrememberlongstorybyheart.

C^Theycanrememberalmosteverythingtheyhaveread.

D、Theycanrememberthingstheyhaveonlyreadonce.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

34、

A、Becausetheyaretoosmalltounderstandtherules.

Becausetheyareabsent-minded.

C、Becausetheyhavesolittletimeforit.

D、Becausetheyarenotinterestedinit.

标准利索.C

知识工解*斤：暂无解析

35、

A、Acamera.

B、Afilm.

C、Photo.

D、Picture.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

36、

A、Time

B、Memory.

C、Habit.

D、Text-book.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

八、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题7.0分，共

〃分。）

Alotofpeoplethinkthatsittingis[Bl]ontheirbacksthanstandingorlifting.

Nottrue.Peoplewhosejobsrequirethemtositforlongperiodsoftime[B2]as

muchfrombackpainaspeoplewholiftalldaylong.Manyworld-classresearchers

believethatthehuge[B3]inbackpainoverthepastcoupleof[B4]

—anditishuge—hasalottodowiththefactthatmoreandmoreofusarespendingour

workdaysinchairs.Manypeoplehavethe[B51that,iftheirbackpaingetsbad

enough,theycanalwaysresortto[B6].Nothingcouldbefurtherfromthe

truth.Theamountofpainsomeoneisinhasverylittletodowithwhetherornotheorshe

could[B7]fromsurgery.OneBritishresearcherhas[B8]thatfor

every10,000peoplewhoexperienceaboutbackpain,onlyfourneedsurgery.[B9]

.Nolonger.Twoorthreedaysofbed-restisnowthenorm.Afterthat,peopleare

advisedtoreturntotheirnormalactivities,graduallyifnecessary.Thereasonsforthe

180°shiftarewhatsinteresting.Foropeners,[B10].Inournextlecture,we

shalllookattherelationbetweendepressionandchronicbackpain.[Bl1].

37、[Bl]

标准答案：easier

知识点解析：暂无解析

38、[B2]

标准答案：suffer

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、[B3]

标准答案：increase

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、[B4]

标准答案：decades

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、[B5]

标准答案：notion

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、[B6]

标准答案：surgery

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、[B7]

标准答案：benefit

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、[B8]

标准答案：estimated

知识点解析；暂无解析

45、[B9]

标准答案：Notverymanyyearsago,backpainpatientswereroutinelypultobed,

sometimesforweeksormonths

知识点解析：暂无解析

46、[BIO]

标准答案：ifyoustayinbed,yourmusclestrengthcandeclinebyasmuchasthree

percentaday

知识点解析：暂无解析

47、[Bll]

标准答案：Wherealotofattentionandresearchhavebeendonetorelatethetwo

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共10题，每题

分,共10分。）

Thefirsttwostagesinthedevelopmentofcivilizedmanwereprobablytheinventionof

primitiveweaponsandthediscoveryoffire,althoughnobodyknowsexactlywhenhe

acquiredtheuseofthelatter.Theoriginoflanguageisalsoobscure.Nodoubtitbegan

verygradually.Animalshaveafewcriesthatserveassignals,buteventhehighestapes

havenotbeenfoundabletopronouncewords,evenwiththemostintensiveprofessional

instruction.Thesuperiorbrainofmanisapparentlyanecessityforthemasteringof

speech.Whenmanbecamesufficientlyintelligent,wemustsupposethathegradually

increasedthenumberofcriesfordifferentpurposes.Itwasagreatdaywhenhe

discoveredthatspeechcouldbeusedfornarrative.Therearethosewhothinkinthis

respectpicturelanguageprecededorallanguage.Amancoulddrawapictureonthewall

ofhiscavetoshowinwhichdirectionhehadgone,orwhatpreyhehopedtocatch.

Probablypicturelanguageandorallanguagedevelopedsidebyside.Iaminclinedto

thinkthatlanguagehasbeenthemostimportantsinglefactorinthedevelopmentofman.

Twoimportantstagescamenotsolongbeforethedawnofwrittenhistory.Thefirstwas

thedomesticationofanimals;thesecondwasagriculture.Agriculturewasastepin

humanprogresstowhichsubsequentlytherewasnothingcomparableuntilourown

machineage.Agriculturemadepossibleanimmenseincreaseinthenumberofthehuman

speciesintheregionswhereitcouldbesuccessfullypracticed.Thesewere,atfirst,only

thoseinwhichnaturefertilizedthesoilaftereachharvest.Agriculturemetwithviolent

resistance[romthepastoralnomads（游牧民族）,buttheagriculturalwayoflifeprevailed

intheendbecauseofthephysicalcomfortsitprovided.Anotherfundamentaltechnical

advancewaswriting,which,likespokenlanguage,developedoutofpictures,butassoon

asithadreachedacertainstage,itwaspossibletokeeprecordsandtransmitinformation

topeoplewhowerenotpresentwhentheinformationv/asgiven.Theseinventionsand

discoveries-fire,speech,weapons,domesticanimals,agriculture,andwriting一made

theexistenceofcivilizedcommunitiespossible.Fromabout3000B.C.untilthe

beginningoftheIndustrialRevolutionlessthantwohundredyearsagotherewasno

technicaladvancecomparabletothese.Duringthislongperiodmanhadtimetobecome

accustomedtohistechniqueandtodevelopthebeliefsandpoliticalorganizations

appropriatetoit.Therewas,ofcourse,animmenseextensionintheareaofcivilizedlife.

AtfirstithadbeenconfinedtotheNile,theEuphrates（幼发拉底河）,theTigrisandthe

Indus,butattheendoftheperiodinquestionitcoveredmuchthegreaterpartofthe

inhabitableglobe.Idonotmeantosuggestthattherewasnotechnicalprogressduring

thislongtime;therewasprogress-therewereeventwoinventionsofverygreat

importance,namelygunpowderandthemariner'scompassbutneitherofthesecanbe

comparedintheirpowertosuchthingsasspeechandwritingandagriculture.

48、Whichoneofthefollowingwasfirstdiscoveredorinventedinhumancivilization?

A、Agriculture.

B、Language.

C、Fire.

D、Writing.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据第一段的primiliveweapons和discoveryoffire,第二、三段中的

domesticationofanimals,agriculture和writing,我们很容易可以发现正确答案是

Co

49、Theauthordoesnotstateclearlybutimpliesthatinthedevelopmentofman.

ANhumanspeechdevelopedalongwithotherhumanfaculties

B、picturelanguageandwrittenlanguagedevelopedsidebyside

C^orallanguageprecededtheuseoffire

D、theapemightbetaughttomasterspeech

标准答案：A

知识点解析：关于B和C,文章中没有论述，也没有给我们暗示信息，所以推断

不出来。D选项在文章第三段中已经明确表示不可能。”...buteventhehighest

apeshavenotbeenfoundabletopronouncewords,evenwiththemostintensive

professionalinstruction.”所以A是正确答案。

50、Itistheauthor'sviewthatinhumancivilizationagriculture.

A、isthemostimportantstepmanhasevermade

B>isonlylessimportantthanthediscoveryoffire

C>hadlongbeenpracticedsince3000B.C.

D^canberankedinimportancewiththeinventionofmachines

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题通过仔细阅读第三段关丁•"农业''这一部分"Agriculturewasastep

inhumanprogresstowhichsubsequentlytherewasnothingcomparableuntilourown

machineage"可以发现正确答案显Do

51、Inthe3rdparagraph,n...intheregionswhereitcouldbepracticed...n,here,"it"

lefersto.

A、increase

B、number

C^agriculture

D、species

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题见第三段"Agriculturemadepossibleanimmenseincreaseinthe

numberofthehumanspeciesintheregionswhereitcouldbesuccessfullypracticed.”

很显然，这里的il指代的是agriculture,所以可以知道正确答案是C。

52、Writtenlanguageinitsinitialstarewasfoundmoreadvantageousinthat.

A^itcouldcommunicatemoreaccuratelythantheorallanguage

B>ithaddevelopedfrompicturelanguage

C、informationcouldberecordedandtransmitted

D^itwaseasiertolearnthanpicturelanguage

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题通过仔细阅读第四段的相关内容”...itwaspossibletokeep

recordsandtransmitinformationtopeoplewhowerenotpresentwhentheinformation

wasgiven.”可以知道C为正确答案。

AimlessnesshashardlybeentypicalofthepostwarJapanwhoseproductivityandsocial

harmonyaretheenvyoftheUnitedStatesandEurope.ButincreasinglytheJapaneseare

seeingadeclineofthetraditionalworkmoralvalues.Tenyearsagoyoungpeoplewere

hardworkingandsawtheirjobsastheirprimaryreasonforbeing,butnowJapanhas

largelyfulfilleditseconomicneeds,andyoungpeopledon'tknowwheretheyshouldgo

next.Thecomingofageofthepostwarbabyboomandanentryofwomenintothemale-

dominatedjobmarkethavelimitedtheopportunitiesofteenagerswhoarcalready

questioningtheheavypersonalsacrificesinvolvedinclimbingJapan'srigidsocialladder

togoodschoolsandjobs.Inarecentsurvey,itwasfoundthatonly24.5percentof

Japanesestudentswerefullysatisfiedwithschoollife,comparedwith67.2percentof

studentsintheUnitedStates.Inaddition,farmoreJapaneseworkersexpressed

dissatisfactionwiththeirjobsthandidtheircounterparts（同等身份的人）inthe10other

countriessurveyed.Whileoftenpraisedbyforeignersforitsemphasisonthebasics,

Japaneseeducationtendstostresstesttakingandmechanicallearningovercreativityand

self-expression."Thosethingsthatdonotshowupinthetestscorespersonality,ability,

courageorhumanityarecompletelyignored,"saysToshikiKaifu,chairmanoftheruling

LiberalDemocraticPartyseducationcommittee."Frustrationagainstthiskindofthing

leadskidstodropoutandrunwild."LastyearJapanexperienced2,125incidentsof

schoolviolence,including929assaultsonteachers.Amidtheoutcry,manyconservative

leadersareseekingareturntotheprewaremphasisonmoraleducation.LastyearMitsuo

Setoyama,whowastheneducationminister,raisedeyebrowswhenhearguedthatliberal

reformsintroducedbytheAmericanoccupationauthoritiesafterWorldWarIhad

weakenedthe"Japanesemoralityofrespectforparents".Butthatmayhavemoretodo

withJapaneselife-styles."InJapan,"sayseducatorYokoMuro,"it'sneveraquestionof

whetheryouenjoyyourjoband'yourlife,butonlyhov/muchyoucanendure."With

economicgrowthhascomecentralization,fully76percentofJapan's119millioncitizens

liveincitieswherecommunityandtheextendedfamilyhavebeenabandonedinfavorof

isolated,twogenerationhouseholds.UrbanJapanesehavelongenduredlengthy

commutes(travelstoandfromwork)andcrowdedlivingconditions,butastheoldgroup

andfamilyvaluesweaken,thediscomfortisbeginningtotell.Inthepastdecade,the

Japanesedivorcerate,whilestillwellbelowthatoftheUnitedStates,hasincreasedby

morethan50percent,andsuicideshaveincreasedbynearlyonc-quartcr.

53IntheWesternerseyes,thepostwarJapanwas.

A、underaimlessdevelopment

B、apositiveexample

C、arivaltotheUSandEurope

D、developedquickly

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题的相关内容出现在第一段第一句话"Aimlessnesshashardlybeen

typicalofthepostwarJapanwhoseproductivityandsocialharmonyaretheenvyofthe

UnitedStatesandEurope.”

54、According