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第二讲推理判断题一一依文推理定选项

一、题型特点需了解

[题型分析]

推理判断题考查考生推理和判断的能力,以及深层次的阅读理解能力。主要考查隐含推断

题、观点态度题、写作意图题、文章出处题、文章类型题、读者对象题等。在进行推断时,要透

过字里行间,去体会作者的“弦外之音”,要据文推理、合情推理,不可脱离原文、主观臆断。

[选项特征]

1.正确选项特征

(1)“立足原文,只推一步”:根据原文内容简单推理,一步即可推得。

(2)选项中一般不出现绝对概念,如only、never、all、absolutely等,正确答案的表述

一般有一点模糊,会用一些相对能够留有一些余地的词汇,如often、usually,sometimes>

some>may、might、can、could>probably等。

2.干扰选项特征

张冠李戴把作者的观点与其他人的观点混在一起

无中生有符合常识,但不是文章的内容

利用原文的内容进行设计,借题发挥,曲解原文意思;有些符合常识,但不符合

曲解文意

文意

扩缩范围通过改变或去掉文章中的限制性词语,改变信息的准确度,造成干扰

使用与文章中某一句话相似的句型结构和单词,在易被忽视的地方更换单词,造

偷梁换柱

成句意的改变

二、方法技巧要知晓

题型一隐含推断题

隐含推断题主要考查考生对特定信息、全篇、全段或上下文逻辑关系的判断,结合相关信息的暗

示,准确理解文章寓意或隐含的深层意义的能力。一般题干主要包括六个动词:infer(推断)、

indicate(象征;暗示)、imply(暗示)、suggest(暗示)、conclude(得出结论)、assume(假定;

设想)。

[典例1](2024•新高考全国卷I阅读C片段)

Audio(音频)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachers

increasinglyturntothesetechnologies一say,assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofan

articlebythesameperson.However,psychologistshavedemonstratedthatwhenadultsread

newsstories,theyremembermoreofthecontentthaniftheylistentoorviewidentical

pieces.

Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,especiallywhenproviding

resourcesnotavailableinprint.However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusand

reflectionarecalledfor,educatorsshouldn,tassumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhen

theycontainidenticalwords.

31.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?

A.Studentsshouldapplymultiplelearningtechniques.

B.Teachersshouldproducetheirownteachingmaterial.

C.Printtextscannotbeentirelyreplacedineducation.

D.Educationoutsidetheclassroomcannotbeignored.

[解析]第一步:阅读题干,找出关键词imply和thelastparagrapho

第二步:根据关键词,定位到原文中的“whenadultsreadnewsstories,theyremembermoreof

thecontentthaniftheylistentoorviewidenticalpieces”以及"However,formaximizing

learningwherementalfocusandreflectionarecalledfor,educatorsshouldn5tassumeall

mediaarethesame,evenwhentheycontainidenticalwords."。综合逻辑分析可推断出作

者在强调纸质文本在教育中不能完全被取代。

第三步:比对选项得出答案。

[答案]C

技法点拨:

定位确定题干关键词,利用跳读在文中定位

信息相关信息(即能够进行推理的依据)

抓住原文关键信息,以全文主旨和中心

分综合

析为依据,在理解字面意义的基础上,进

分析

推行有逻辑的推断,理解作者的言外之意

含正确选项的意思与原文信息点属于同

V奇r义,表达的意思相近

选项[J是立足原文推断出的内容,不是原文

[直接表述的信息

题型二观点态度题

此类试题往往让考生推断文章作者或文中人物对某事所持的观点、态度或看法或推断文中人物的

语气、性格等。观点和态度一般分为三大类:①支持、赞同、乐观;②客观、中立、公正;③反

对、批评、怀疑、悲观。在推断过程中,考生应特别注意文中作者的措辞,尤其是表达感情色彩

的形容词或副词。

[典例2](2024•全国甲卷阅读C片段)

Doctorsseeupto150patientseveryday.Thetrain'sequipmentallowsforbasic

checkups."Iwasveryimpressedbythedoctorsandtheirassistantsworkingandliving

insuchlittlespacebutstillstayingfocusedandveryconcerned,“saysDucke."They

werethebestchanceformanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmenttheywant.”

31.WhatisDucke'sattitudetowardtheSaintLukas5services?

A.Appreciative.

B.Doubtful.

C.Ambiguous.

D.Cautious.

[解析]第一步:阅读题干,找出关键词Ducke5sattitudetowardtheSaintLukas'serviceso

第二步:根据关键词,定位到原文中的“Iwasveryimpressedbythedoctorsandtheir

assistantsworkingandlivinginsuchlittlespacebutstillstayingfocusedandvery

concerned”以及"Theywerethebestchanceformanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmentthey

want."o根据段中杜克所说的话中的“veryimpressed“stayingfocusedandvery

concerned”和“thebestchance”等可知,他对该列车的服务持赞赏的态度。

第三步:比对选项得出答案。

[答案]A

技法点拨:

看清楚是作者还是文中人物对什么的观点或

词态度,再定位关键信息进行分析

11利用文中描写环境以及表达感情色彩、观点

'1或态度的词语或句子推断作者的观点态度

注1利用文中人物的话语判断其观点或态度一

P切勿用自己的观点代替作者或文中人物的观点

favorable(赞同的,有利的)、approving

支持、

(赞成的)、positive(积极的,肯定的)、

肯定

情reasonable(合理的)、enthusiastic(热情的)

critical(批评的)、negative(否定的)、disapproving

度反对、

(不赞成的)、impractical(不切实际的)、radical

记否定

心(激进的)、prejudiced(有成见的)

中立、objective(客观的)、neutral(中立的)、unconcerned

客观(漠不关心的)、indifferent(漠然的)

题型三写作意图题

各种话题的阅读材料都有可能考查写作意图题。通常情况下,作者在文中不直接陈述自己的意

图,而是通过文中所列事物使读者感受到其所传递的想法。所以这种题型要求考生具备对作者阐

述的内容进行总结和分析的能力。

[典例3](2024•新高考全国卷H阅读D片段)

GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives,weallneedtotakeaction

todealwithourAl-poweredfuture,andthisiswhereAIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwith

ArtificialIntelligencecomesin.ThisabsorbingnewbookbyCatrionaCampbellisa

practicalroadmapaddressingthechallengesposedbytheforthcomingAIrevolution(变

革).

Inthewronghands,suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputer

code(代码)thatpowersAI...

AswesooncometolearnfromAIbyDesign,

AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,thisisit.

35.Whatistheauthor,spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.TorecommendabookonAI.

B.TogiveabriefaccountofAIhistory.

C.ToclarifythedefinitionofAI.

D.TohonoranoutstandingAIexpert.

[解析]第一步:阅读题干,找出关键词theauthor'spurposeinwritingthetexto

第二步:根据关键词,定位到原文最后一段:AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadone

bookonthesubject,thisisit.o本文是一篇说明文,结合首段和尾段可知,文章主要给读者

推荐了卡特里奥娜•坎贝尔的一本关于人工智能的书。

第三步:比对选项得出答案。

[答案]_A

技法点拨:

totellastory/tosharea(n)...experience/

toamuse/toentertain/toinspire...

广告类tosellaproduct/toattractvisitors/to

文应用文persuade/topromote...

体科普类

特—tointroduce/toexplain/toinform...

说明文

toinform...

toargue/toprove/toanalyze/toshow/to

persuade/topresent...

J新闻类ktoinform/toreport...

根据不同文体特点确定主题句,把

d看主旨卜

握文章主旨,推断写作意图

If立足题干所指段落,锁定关键信息,

意_■[看细节卜利用该段上下文内容确定某一段落

图或细节的写作意图

在文章开头提出问题或介绍与主题、

有关的其他事物(tobringin/to

〔看写作

introducethetopic)

手法■

举例或引用某人的话(t。support/

toshow...)

题型四文章出处题、文章类型题、读者对象题

文章出处题、文章类型题要求考生具备一定的常识,能够根据文章的体裁和题材来推断文章的出

处或类型。读者对象题要求考生根据文章内容和措辞推断文章的读者对象。

[典例4](2023•新高考全国卷II阅读C片段)

ReadingArt:ArtforBookLoversisacelebrationofaneverydayobject——thebook,

representedhereinalmostthreehundredartworksfrommuseumsaroundtheworld.Theimage

ofthereaderappearsthroughouthistory,inartmadelongbeforebooksaswenowknow

themcameintobeing.Inartists5representationsofbooksandreading,weseemoments

ofsharedhumanitythatgobeyondcultureandtime.

Inthis“bookofbooks,“artworksareselectedandarrangedinawaythatemphasizes

theseconnectionsbetweendifferenterasandcultures.Weseescenesofchildrenlearning

toreadathomeoratschool,withthebookasafocusforrelationsbetweenthegenerations.

Adultsareportrayed(描绘)aloneinmanysettingsandposes一absorbedinavolume,deep

inthoughtorlostinamomentofleisure.Thesescenesmayhavebeenpaintedhundreds

ofyearsago,buttheyrecordmomentswecanallrelateto.

28.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?

A.Anintroductiontoabook.

B.Anessayontheartofwriting.

C.Aguidebooktoamuseum.

D.Areviewofmodernpaintings.

[解析]第一步:阅读题干,找出关键词Where和takenfrom。

第二步:根据关键词,定位到原文第一段第一句:"ReadingArt:ArtforBookLoversisa

celebrationofaneverydayobject一thebook,representedhereinalmostthreehundred

artworksfrommuseumsaroundtheworld.”和第二段第一句。根据以上信息可推知,文章介绍

了一本书,最有可能出自一本书的序言。

第三步:比对选项得出答案。

[答案]A

技法点拨:

推断文

章类型

确定读

者对象

课堂新体验

A

体裁主题语境难度

说明文坚持目标不放弃★★★☆☆

(2024•济宁一模)Bard,Kinetic(CoffeeHousePress,2023)byAnneWaldman,oneofthe

mostimportantlivingAmericanpoets,isanewcollectionofautobiographical(自传体

的)pieces,includingpublishedandunpublishedessays,correspondence,interviews,and

poemsfromthelast20years.

Thoughtheoriginofthetextsandpoemsisrelativelyrecent,Bard,Kinetictracks

Waldman,slifefromherchildhoodinGreenwichVillagetothepresent.Ratherthanamemoir

(回忆录),thisenergeticcollectionintegratesherstoriesintocontexts—literary,

political,spiritual,familial.

InSketch,thefirstandlongestpieceinthebook,Waldmandescribeswhatguidedher

topoetryfromanearlyage——Herintellectualandartisticparentsencouragedher"to

readwidely,towrite,think,talkaboutit,becuriousandcritical.”ReadingSketch

foritswonderfulautobiographicaldetailsandthesuccessfulmomentsthatrunthrough

Waldman'slifeisapleasure.InInterviewwithPoetas,Madrid2018,anotherpiecefrom

thebook5ssecondsection,shewrote,“Weneedculturalandhumanitarianrevolution.We

needpoetrytoremindusofthemagicwehavehadthatneedsattendanceandrecharge."Her

voiceandvisionhaveacollectivewidth.

Waldmaninsistsoncombiningartwithnearlyeveryaspectofherlife.Bard,Kinetic,

atallpoints,ahigh-energyconstruct,andatallpoints,anenergy-discharge,putsreaders

onthepathtorecognizingpoetryasamentalaid,asanactionthatreachesacrossgeography,

species,andtime.Asshewroteinthebook,spreface,shecommandsherselfto“keeppushing

forknowledge,studywithadeeperinvestigationandadeeperaction.Theaction,totally

necessary??.ThesearehighaimsthatWaldmanhasinsistedon,tirelessly,herentire

life.Waldmanshines.Herheartcouldbeourheart.

ThisnewbookisbestreadasacompanionofVowtoPoetry(2001),Waldman'sprevious

collectionofinterviewsandautobiographicalessays,whichwillhelpreadersappreciate

thisbookbetter.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇关于书籍Bard,Kinetic的书评。

1.WhatdoweknowaboutBard,KineticbyWaldman?

A.Itisamemoir.

B.Itdocumentsherlifeandwork.

C.Itisherfirstcollectionofpoems.

D.ItistobeissuedbyCoffeeHousePress.

B细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,Bard,Kinetic记录了作者的工作情况;根据第二段第一

句可知,Bard,记录了沃尔德曼从格林尼治村的童年到现在的生活。即历rd,Kinetic记

录了作者的生活和工作情况。

2.What'sthepurposeofparagraph3?

A.Toaddrelevantbackgroundinformation.

B.Tohelpreadersgainpartialinsightintothebook.

C.Topersuadereaderstoconductselectivereading.

D.TointroduceWaldman'swritingstyles.

B写作意图题。根据第三段内容可知,本段对书籍中的部分情节进行了描述,因而其目的是帮助

读者了解这本书的部分内容。

3.Whatisimpliedintheunderlinedsentence“Herheartcouldbeourheart."in

paragraph4?

A.Weshouldsticktoourgoals.

B.Weshouldlearnpoemsbyheart.

C.Weshouldseekfameandwealth.

D.Weshouldenjoylifetoourhearts'content.

A句意猜测题。根据第四段中的“Asshewrote...'keeppushing...totallynecessary'.

Thesearehighaims...shines.可知,沃尔德曼一生孜孜不倦地坚持着自己的崇高目标。由此

可推知,画线句指作为读者,应该学习她对目标执着追求的这种精神。

4.What'sthepassage?

A.Adiaryentry.B.Anewsreport.

C.Abookreview.D.Anautobiography.

C文章类型题。通读全文可知,本文是关于书籍展rd,加力“打的书评。

B

体裁主题语境难度

记叙文作者和小狗的经历★★★☆☆

(2024,湛江一模)BythetimeItookKickerhome,Iwaslivinginavan(旅居房车),so

hewasthrownintovanlifefromdayone.Atthispoint,Iknewhowtomakehimanoutgoing

andadaptabledog,andmylifewasfarmoreadventurousthanithadbeen...

Rightoutofthegate,Itookhimtoskitouring,whichisalotlikecross-country

skiingbutinwilderterrain.Atfirst,Kickerwouldjuststaynestled(依偎)inmyjacket,

butashegotstronger,hewouldrunonhisownforalittlewhilebeforeIcarriedhim

again.

WealsowentonsomewintercampingadventuresinthehighpeaksoftheUintaMountains,

andwetriedsnowkiting.HeranaroundwhileIskied.Helearnedtospeed-flyand

kiteboard.Onetimehevomited(呕吐)alloverthenewcushionsonmybed.Boy,didthat

staysmellyfordays!Still,livinginavanwithadogwasgreat.Witheachnewday,he

gotstrongerandmoreindependent.

IhaddreamedofvisitingAlaskasinceIwasachild,sobeingabletosharethattrip

withKickerfeltincredible.There,ssomethingtobesaidaboutsharedexperiencesand

howtheyhelpdevelopastrongbond.Togetherwekayaked,snowmobiled,andevenendedup

exploringdeepblueicecavesinWorthingtonGlacier.Kickerlearnedtocomesnowboarding

withmeinthemountainsofAlaska.Hewouldhikepartoftheway,andIwouldcarryhim

therest.IwouldalwayslethimrunnexttomeasIboarded,butIusuallyendedupputting

himonmyshouldersfortherestoftheridedown一hehadgrownfartoobigtofitinmy

jacket.

Havingadoghasbeenoneofthemostrewardingthingsinmylife.Forme,it'sabout

thetimespenttogetherexploring,sharingexperiences,workingthroughchallenging

situations,snuggling,andultimatelytakingcareofoneanother.

【语篇解读】本文讲述了作者和小狗基克一起到野外露营、滑雪等的经历,在这些历险过程中,

小狗逐渐长大,学会了很多技能,作者和小狗之间的关系也变得更加亲密的故事。

5.WhatwasKickerlikewhenhewasfirsttakenhomebytheauthor?

A.Sickandpitiful.

B.Smallandweak.

C.Happyandactive.

D.Outgoingandadventurous.

B隐含推断题。根据第二段中的"Atfirst,Kickerwouldjuststaynestledinmy

jacket...carriedhimagain.”可知,起初,基克只是依偎在“我”的夹克里。由此可推知,刚

开始的时候,小狗又小又弱。

6.WhywastheincidentofKicker,svomitingmentionedinparagraph3?

A.Toillustratehowhardlifeisinavan.

B.ToindicatethatraisingKickerwasnotallroses.

C.Toshowtheimportanceoftakinggoodcareofapet.

D.Towarnusofthetroubleapetcanbringtousonatrip.

B写作意图题。第三段讲述了作者带着基克一起历险,相处融洽,基克吐在垫子上这件事只是一

个小插曲,说明作者养狗的过程也不是十分轻松愉快。

7.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?

A.WhattricksKickerlearnedinAlaska.

B.Whatgreatexperiencestheauthorhad.

C.Howtheauthorrealizedhischildhooddream.

D.HowmuchtheauthorenjoyedKicker,scompany.

D段落大意题。根据第四段内容,尤其是第一句可知,本段讲述作者和小狗一起经历的乐趣,作

者非常享受基克的陪伴。

8.Whatisspecialabouttheauthor,srelationshipwithKicker?

A.Theybondthroughsharedadventures.

B.Theyhelpeachothertobecomestronger.

C.Theybondthroughgivingeachotherrewards.

D.Theydependoneachotherinlife,shardesttimes.

A隐含推断题。通读全文可知,本文讲述了作者带着基克一起在户外的各种经历,基克逐渐长

大,学会了多种技能,作者和基克之间的关系变得愈加亲密,共同的冒险使一人一狗联系在了一

起的故事。

______李题强化练

专题强化练(四)

A

(2024•泰安一模)Therehavebeennumerousattemptstocreateanall-plasticbike.But

mosthaveneverpassedthroughtheprototypestage(原始阶段).Igus,aGermany-based

manufacturerofhigh-performanceplastics,andDutchstart-upMTRLaimtochangethatwith

theigus:bike—theworld,sfirsturbanbikecraftedalmostentirelyfromrecycledplastic.

IgusCEOFrankBlasefirstgottheideawhilevacationingonaFloridabeachin2009.A

conversationwithsomeemployeesfromarentalcompanymadehimawareofthechallenges

ofmaintainingbeachbicycles.Thecontinuousexposuretosand,windandsaltwatercaused

thebikestorustrapidly.Manyhadtobereplacedinonlythreemonths.

Theigus:bike,unveiledataGermantradeshow,ismaintainableandrust-free.Itcan

beleftoutdoorsinallweathersanddoesnotrequirelubricantoil(润滑油)toreduce

frictionbetweenparts.Sinceitdoesnotattractsand,dustordirt,thebikecanbecleaned

withagardenhose(水管)inseconds.

“Asallcomponentsaremadeofplastic,nopartofthebikerusts,eventhegears

一bicyclegearsmadeofplasticwereunthinkableforalongtime,“Blasesays.

Theigus:bikewillalsohelpcombattheworld,splasticpollution.Thecompanysays

asingleadultbikegivesnewlifetoabout16kilogramsofsingle-useplasticthatwould

otherwisechokeourlandfillsorwaterways.

Currently,90percentoftheigus:bikeismadeusingrecycledplastic.Thisincludes

thebicycle,sframe,bearings,pedalsandwheelrims.IgusandMTRLbelievefutureversions

willbemadeentirelyfromrecycledplastic.

“Fromoceanplasticstomotionplastics一theigus:bikeconcepthaswhatittakes

tobecomeahigh-techecologicalproduct,“saysMTRLco-founderBenjaminAlderseBaas.

Theplasticbikesareexpectedtocomeontothemarket.Anadultmodel,madeentirely

fromrecycledplastic,willcostabout€1,400.Aslightlycheaperversionmadeusingnew

plasticandanelectricbikearealsointheworks.Igusalsoplansonsharingitstechnology

withotherbicyclemanufacturers.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了世界上第一款几乎完全由可循环利用的塑料制造的

自行车。

1.WhatmakesIgusCEOFrankBlasdseektocreatetheigus:bike?

A.HisholidayinginFloridalastyear.

B.Theconversationbetweenhimandsomebicyclers.

C.Thetroubleofkeepingbeachbicyclesingoodcondition.

D.Theprolongedexposureofbikesonthebeach.

C推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知,沙滩自行车很难维护,所以易格斯的首席执行官弗兰

克・布拉斯想要改善这一情况,这是他要制造易格斯自行车的原因。

2.Whatcanwelearnabouttheigus:bikefromthepassage?

A.Itwillcertainlysellwell.

B.Itneedstobemoreportable.

C.Itcanbeusedeverywhereandfreely.

D.Itisrustlessandcanbecleanedeasily.

D细节理解题。根据第三段第一句和最后一句可知,这种自行车不易生锈且易于清洗。

3.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthefutureplasticbikes?

A.Theywillbecheaperandlighter.

B.Theywillbemorehigh-techecological.

C.Theywillbecraftedfromonlyrecycledplastics.

D.Theywillbeusedwidelyallovertheworld.

C推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句"IgusandMTRLbelievefutureversionswillbemade

entirelyfromrecycledplastic.”可知,未来这款自行车有望完全由可循环利用的塑料制成。

4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Abikemadefromrecycledplastics.

B.Howtomakerust-freebikes.

C.Anexcellentbicyclemanufacturer.

D.Howtomaintainbeachbikes.

A主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了一款几乎全部由塑料制成的自行车及其构想起源、优

势、当前现状以及发展前景,A项最能概括文章内容。

B

(2024,南京二模)“Dana,howareyoufeelingtoday?"Iask,myeyesclockingherdirty

uniform,andthedarkcirclesunderhereyes.

“OK,”Danamumbles(嘟嚷).

“Haveyoueatentoday?”

Shenods.Anotherlie.

“CanIgetyouanything?”ButwhatcouldIpossiblygether?Abedroomofherown?

Afamilywithlove?

“No,thanks.”

Repeatedlyabsentfromschoolrecently,shehaswornoutteachers'patience.ButIdon't

wanttosendherbacktoclass.Whatuseisitknowingallthesquarenumbersandallthe

grammaticalruleswhenshehastoworkouthowtowash,cookanddecidebetweenfeeding

herselforheryoungersister?

“Abiscuit?"Ioffer.ItworksandDanatakesthebiscuitIhandher.

IrememberthefirsttimeImetDana,thedayaftershelockedherselfinthehouse

whenhermumabandonedthefamily.Irememberthinkinghowyoungshewastohavebuilt

suchahighwallaroundherselfandhowonearthIcouldpossiblybreakthrough.Asasocial

worker,itismyjobtoknockdownsuchwallsnomatterhow.

Iknowitwouldtakemorethanabiscuittoeaseoutoneofherbricks.ButIwilltry.

“Howareyoufeeling?”Ipushslightly,hopingthebiscuitmighthavesoftenedher.

“OK,"sheshrugs(耸肩).I'mabouttochangetopicswhenhereyesrestonmyarm.

“Howdoesthatfeel,Mia?”Danastaresatme.Thesleeve(袖子)ofmyblousehasrolled

up,evidenceofhowdeepIhadputitintothebiscuitcan.Adeepscar(伤疤)alongmy

armisobviousagainstmyfairskin.

Irollmysleevebackdown,"It'sfromafire.Ithurts.ButeverythingwillbeOK

whenyouthinkit'sOK."

Danapauses(停顿)andpicksupanotherbiscuit.Inthatinstant,Iknowsomething

haschangedintheroomandwemightactuallybeOK.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。在母亲抛弃家庭后,达娜在心里为自己筑起了一座高墙,作者

作为一名社会工作人员,想尽自己所能帮她打开心防,重拾生活的希望。

5.WhyisDanaoftenabsentfromschool?

A.Becausesheisslowatschoolwork.

B.Becausesheisstrugglingwithlife.

C.Becauseshelocksherselfathome.

D.BecauseshedesiresMia'sattention.

B推理判断题。根据第七段中的"Whatuseisit...decidebetweenfeedingherselforher

youngersister?”可知,达娜需要洗衣做饭、照顾自己和自己的妹妹。由此可推知,达娜经常缺

课是因为她正在与生活作斗争。

6.WhatdoweknowaboutMia?

A.Sheiseagertoremoveherscar.

B.Sheisademandingsocialworker.

C.SheawakensDana'shopeforfuture.

D.Sheimproveskid-parentrelationship.

C推理判断题。根据最后三段内容可推知,作者(米娅)对达娜说的话让达娜开始有了对未来的希

望。

7.Whatdoestheendingofthepassageimply?

A.MiagainsabetterunderstandingofDana.

B.Theroomisfullofhappinessandharmony.

C.Troubledteensrequirefamilycareandsupport.

D.AclosebondisformingbetweenMiaandDana.

D推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,米娅和达娜互相了解过去的“伤疤”后知道她们之间有

共同点,达娜也因此打开了心防。由此可推知,米娅和达娜之间形成了亲密的关系。

8.Whatisasuitabletitleforthepassage?

A.OKB.Biscuits

C.AWhiteLieD.ADeepScar

A标题归纳题。本文反复提及OK,指一种乐观的生活态度,符合作者想让达娜重新燃起对未来生

活希望的主旨,A项最适合作文章标题。

C

(2024•潍坊三模)ResearcherRuijiaHusaidwildlifehabitatincrowdedplaceslike

southwestOhioisbecomingincreasinglyfragmented(分散)asforestsgivewaytonew

construction.Eventually,thiscouldmaketroubletoananimalwithspecifichabitatneeds

likeOhioanpileated(红冠)woodpecker(啄木鸟).

Pileatedwoodpeckershavethenicknamecarpenterbirdsfortheirnever-endingnatural

woodworking.Theypeckoutholesintreesfortheirnestseveryyear,creatinglotsof

valuablehomesforanimalslikefoxsquirrelsandowls."Theymakenewnestseveryyear.They

won,treuseoldones,“Husaid."Otheranimalsdependonthem.”

Pileatedwoodpeckersareprivatebirdsthataremoreoftenheardthanseen.Studying

themcanbeespeciallydifficult.SoHuturnedtocitizenscienceforhelp.Toidentifywhere

woodpeckershavebeenseen,sheusedeightyearsofsightingscollectedbybirdersand

loggedintothewebsiteeBird,afreeonlinetoolandappthatanyonecanusetorecord

theirobservationsandlocations.Sheoverlaidthesesightingswithremotesensingdata

andfoundthatcorridorsalongriversandcreekswithabundantmaturetreesanddeadwood

helpedthebirdsadjusttotheirincreasinglyfragmentedurbanlandscape.

“Withfragmentedforests,manyhabitatsthatwereoncesuitableforwildlifeare

brokenup,“Husaid."Wildlifeisunabletofindhabitatbigenoughtomeettheirsurvival

needs.Andeveniftherearesuitablehabitats,thedistancebetweenthemcanbetoo

great.Wildlifecorridorslinkupthesehabitatpatches.Sincewildlifecantraveland

migratefromonepatchtoanother,theprobabilityoffindingfoodand

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