江西省吉安市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试 英语 含解析

吉安市高二上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题2025.1(测试时间：120分钟卷面总分：150分)注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wherewasthewomaninherteens?A.InPhiladelphia.B.InNewJersey.C.InLosAngeles.2.Whatisthemanlikelytodonext?A.Changethetraffic.B.Leavethecollege.C.Findanotherapartment.3.Whendothespeakersbegintherideatleast?A.At7:50.B.At7:20.C.At6:40.4.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Depressed.B.Content.C.Sorrowful.5.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Tomakeacomplaint.B.Toaskforhelp.C.Torentacar.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WheredoesLinlinintendtogoonthevacation?A.London.B.NewYork.C.DaliangMountain.7.Whatcanwesayabouttheman?A.Heiscurious.B.Heiscourageous.C.Heisgenerous.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhyisEmmalateagain?A.Shehastodosomecooking.B.Shehasattendedaneveningclass.C.Shehasseenherhusbandoff.9.WhowilllookafterEmma’sbabywhilesheisout?A.Olivia.B.Herparents.C.Herhusband.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Howmanypeoplearethereinthepartytomorrowevening?A.Ten.B.Eleven.C.Twelve.11.Whowillbringsomehamburgerstotheparty?A.Harper’sfellows.B.AsherandLucas.C.James’brothers.12.Whatcanweknowfromtheconversation?A.HarpershouldreallylikeEthan.B.AsherandLucasareworkmates.C.Ethanhasagoodappetite.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whydidthemanjoinanon-profitorganization?A.Hewantedtochangepeople’sminds.B.Hedecidedtoearnalotofmoney.C.Helivedinagoodenvironment.14Howdidthemanmakeeffortstoimprovetheenvironment?A.Bypickingupsomerubbish.B.Bytryinghisbesttoavoidusingplasticbags.C.Byhavingmanymeetings.15.Whatexactlydidthemandoinhiscampaign?A.Hedescribedtheenvironment.B.Heproducedsomeposters.C.Heorganizedenvironmentalspeeches.16.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandemployee.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Reporterandinterviewee.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whendidthemanandalioncometothespeaker?A.Atnight.B.Duringthedaytime.C.Intheafternoon.18.Howdidthespeakerfeelwhenshefirstsawthelion?A.Disappointed.B.Excited.C.Surprised.19.Howwasthelioninjured?A.Itwascutbyaknife.B.Itsteppedonanail.C.Itwashurtbysmallcats.20.Whatdidthespeakertellthemantodo?A.Letthelionhavearest.B.Getthelionbackintwoweeks.C.Changebandagesforthelioninaweek.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASmarthometechnologyislikesomethingoutofasciencefictionmovie.It’spossibletocontrolalmostanythingthatrunswithelectricityinyourhome.Pleaselookatthefollowingitems.ASmartSpeakerOneofthefirstthingsasmarthomedecorationneedsisasmartspeaker,whichnotonlyprovidesyourhousewithmusicbutalsoadirectlinktoyoursmarthomeitemsthroughyourvoice.It’ssimpletojustaskanintelligentvoiceassistantsuchasSiri,orAlexatocontroltheseitems.Youcangetitonline.EUFYSmartDoorbellOneofthefirstpurchasesalotofhomebuyerswantisasmartdoorbell.Forthis,EUFYmakessomegoodproducts.Thereareafewtochoosefrom,includingtheC210,S220,andS330.Allcanmakeuseofthehouse’swiring.Butitisexpectedtogoonsalenextyear.WyzeSmartLightSmartlightingisanothersmarthomeupgradethatalotoffolkseasilyuse.ThisisafiercelycompetitivemarketthatincludesPhilips,LIFX,Nooie,andNanoleaf.Aswiththesmartspeaker,it’sagoodideatostaywithinonefamilyofsmartlightsifpossible.It’slikelythatyoucangetitsoon.LutronSmartSwitchSmartswitchescanautomatealotofthings.Someevencomewithsensors(传感器)thatautomaticallyturnonandoffasyouwalkthroughthehouse.Thebiggestbenefitoftheseisthattheystillactlikeanyoldswitchwithoutelectricity.That’stosay,youcanusethemasusualwithoutWi-Ficonnection.Youmayhavetowaituntiltheyearafternexttopurchaseit.1.Whichofthefollowingisavailablenow?A.ASmartSpeaker. B.LutronSmartSwitch.C.WyzeSmartLight. D.EUFYSmartDoorbell.2.WhatdoweknowaccordingtoEUFYSmartDoorbell?A.Homebuyersneedhouses.B.EUFYisaproducerofsmartdoorbell.C.EUFYusedtobeapurchaserofsmartproducts.D.Nowiresareneededwhenusingthesmartdoorbell.3.WhattopbenefitdoesLutronSmartSwitchoffer?A.Turningonandofffreely. B.Keepingupwithwalking.C.ConnectingtoWi-Fisafely. D.Workingnormallywithoutelectricity.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能家居技术及其相关的智能设备，如智能音箱、智能门铃、智能灯光和智能开关等，为读者提供了关于智能家居产品的信息和选择建议。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章ASmartSpeaker部分中的“Youcangetitonline.(你可以在网上购买到它。)”可知，智能音箱现在可以在网上买到。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章EUFYSmartDoorbell部分中的“Oneofthefirstpurchasesalotofhomebuyerswantisasmartdoorbell.Forthis,EUFYmakessomegoodproducts.(很多购房者首先想要购买的产品之一就是智能门铃。对于这一需求，EUFY推出了一些不错的产品。)”可知，EUFY生产智能门铃，是智能门铃的生产商。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章LutronSmartSwitch部分中“Someevencomewithsensors(传感器)thatautomaticallyturnonandoffasyouwalkthroughthehouse.Thebiggestbenefitoftheseisthattheystillactlikeanyoldswitchwithoutelectricity.(有些智能开关甚至配备传感器，当你在屋内走动时，它们会自动开启和关闭。这些开关最大的优点是，在没有电的情况下，它们仍能像普通开关一样工作。)”可知，Lutron智能开关最大的优点是在没有电的情况下仍能像普通开关一样工作，即可以在无电状态下正常使用。故选D。BMyfathermanagedtheemployeekitchenattheAspenAlpsHotelabout20minutesaway.Hereceivedtrainingatarestaurantmanagementschoolwhenhewasyoung.AttheAspenAlpsHotel,he’dgotoandfromworkbyskiingearly,andpreparethefoodfortheday.Mymotherwasamusicperformerthere.Sheplayed26instruments,allself-taught,butshecouldn’tskate.Soeveryweekend,myfatherwouldteachmymothertoskate.Andthey’reusedtoleavingmeathome.IfirstputonapairofskiswhenIwas5.IaskedmyfatherwhyIdidn’tgettogo.Hesaid,“It’sexpensive,andyoudon’tknowhowtoskiyet.Whenyou’rebigger,youcanjoinus.”Dayslater,Iputonhisbootsandhikedupintothebrushbehindthehouse.BythetimeIwas6,Iwasreallyskiingwithmyparents.AssoonasIbeganskiingonthemountain,I’dcomestraightdownthehill.Everyonewascrazy.WhenIwas9,someonesuggestedItrainwiththeracingteamattheAspenAlps.Iwascleaninghousesforothersthen,butIwasn’tearningenoughforthetuition(学费).Acoupleofmonthslater,myparentstoldmeI’dbeabletojointhefemaleteam.Myfathersaid,“Someonehassteppedforwardonyourbehalf.Wedon’tknowwho.Justdoyourbest.”Traininggavemetheopportunitytocompete.Ilaterfoundoutwhocoveredmyski-teamtuition.ItwasthemanwhosehouseIhadbeencleaning.OnedaywhileIcleanedhisdaughter’stoilet,hewatchedmequietlyfromthedoorway.WhenIsawhim,IthoughtIhaddonesomethingwrong.Hesaid,“Thankyouforhowhardyouworkhere.Doitwell,andyoumustrealizeyourdream!”4.Howdidtheauthor’smotherlearnmusicalinstruments?A.Bylearningfromherhusband. B.Bylearningallbyherself.C.Bylearningwithherhusband. D.Bylearningfromherparents.5.What’stheauthor’smainpurposeincleaninghouses?A.Todoherbesttocompete. B.Tostopdoingwrongthings.C.Tomakeherfeardisappear. D.Toearnhertuitionfortraining.6.Whofinancedtheauthortojointheracingteam?A.Herfather. B.Hermother.C.Anemployer. D.Aman’sdaughter.7.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.YoungGirlConquerstheIceMountain B.YoungGirlDecidestoHelpOthersC.ParentsandBabyGirlWintheGame D.ParentsandBabyGirlOvercomeDifficulties【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小在父母的影响下接触滑雪，后来通过为别人打扫房子赚取学费，并最终在一位好心人的帮助下得以加入滑雪队训练的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Sheplayed26instruments,allself-taught,butshecouldn’tskate.(她会演奏26种乐器，全是自学的，但她不会滑冰。)”可知，作者的母亲会演奏26种乐器，全是自学的。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“WhenIwas9,someonesuggestedItrainwiththeracingteamattheAspenAlps.Iwascleaninghousesforothersthen,butIwasn’tearningenoughforthetuition(学费).(我9岁时，有人建议我去阿斯彭阿尔卑斯酒店的滑雪队训练。那时我在给别人打扫房子，但挣的钱还不够交学费。)”可知，作者9岁时有人建议她去阿斯彭阿尔卑斯酒店的滑雪队训练，那时她通过给别人打扫房子来挣学费，只是挣得不够。所以作者打扫房子的主要目的是挣训练的学费。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Ilaterfoundoutwhocoveredmyski-teamtuition.ItwasthemanwhosehouseIhadbeencleaning.(后来我知道了是谁帮我支付了滑雪队的学费。是我打扫他家房子的那位男士。)”可知，作者后来发现是她帮忙打扫房子的雇主帮她支付了滑雪队的学费。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章围绕作者从对滑雪的向往，到努力攒学费，最终在他人资助下加入滑雪队展开，突出了一个年轻女孩在滑雪道路上的追求，选项A“YoungGirlConquerstheIceMountain(年轻女孩征服冰山)”能够很好地概括文章主旨，体现作者在滑雪领域的成长与进取。故选A。CIn1381,theMingarmedforceskilledZhengHe’sfatherandcapturedhimwhenhewastenyearsold.Hebecameaeunuch(太监)andwassenttoserveinYan’shouseholdofPrinceZhuDi.Helearnedmilitaryandfightingstrategies,aswellasstudiedtheworksofConfucius.Hebecameaveryclosefriendoftheprince.Later,HefoughtonPrinceYan’ssideandaccompaniedhimonnumerousbattlesthroughoutChina.HewasakeyplayerinYan’sgainingimperialpower(政权).In1404,ZhengHewaspromotedtoGrandEunuch.TheYongleEmperorappointedZhengcommanderofalargetreasurefleet(舰队)andovertwentythousandmen.ZhengHe,atthirty-threeyearsold,hadthehighestrankofanyeunuchinthehistoryofChina.Intheautumnofthefollowingyear,hisfleetleftNanjingforCalicut,locatedonthewestcoastofIndia.Thiswasthefirstofsevenexpeditionsofthetreasurefleet.Overtheyears,hetravelledtomanyareas.Hetradedandmademanydiplomatic(外交的)friendsduringtheseexpeditions.TheYongleEmperordiedin1424.Bythistime,ZhengHe,whowasfifty-threeyearsold,hadalreadyfinishedsixvoyagesandhadbroughtbackmanyenvoysfromvariousforeignlandstomeettheemperor.However,theYongleEmperor’soldestson,ZhuGaozhi,wasmadetheHongxiEmperor.Inhisninemonthrule,theemperorstoppedalltreasurefleetrepairsandconstructionbecauseoftheexpenses.In1426,theHongxiEmperorpassedaway.ThenewrulerwastheXuandeEmperorandhemadeadecisiontosendZhengHeandhistreasurefleetoutonceagain.In1432,whenZhengHewassixty-oneyearsold,heleftwithoneofhislargestfleetsforhisfinalseavoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ZhengHediedonthereturnvoyagein1433ashisfleetwassailingeastfromCalicut,8.WhydidtheYongleEmperorputZhengHeinsuchahighposition?ABecauseofhishighspiritsandgreatwisdom.B.Becauseofhisextraordinarycourageandstrength.C.Becauseofhiscivilandmilitaryskillsanddevotion.D.Becauseofhisfirmperseveranceandsuperiorability.9.HowoldwasZhengHewhenhefirstvoyaged?A.33. B.34. C.53. D.61.10.WhatwasthereasonwhyZhengHefailedhisvoyagein1425?A.Absenceofmind. B.Fearofenemies.C.Lackofmanpower. D.Shortageoffunds.11.WhichisoneofZhengHe’sachievementsinhisexpeditionsaccordingtothetext?A.PrinceZhuDi’simperialpower. B.Occupyingvariousforeignlands.C.Newbreakthroughsindiplomacy. D.Fleet’srepairsandconstruction.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国明朝时期著名航海家郑和的人生经历，包括他被明朝军队俘虏、成为太监、在皇宫中服务、学习军事和儒家思想、辅佐皇子、成为舰队指挥官、进行多次远洋航海以及最终逝世等历史事件。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Helearnedmilitaryandfightingstrategies,aswellasstudiedtheworksofConfucius.(在那里，他学习军事和作战策略，还研读孔子的著作。)”第二段“Later,HefoughtonPrinceYan’ssideandaccompaniedhimonnumerousbattlesthroughoutChina.HewasakeyplayerinYan’sgainingimperialpower(政权).(后来，郑和追随燕王，随他在中国各地征战无数。他在燕王夺取政权的过程中发挥了关键作用。)”可知，郑和学习军事和作战策略，研读孔子著作，且追随燕王四处征战，在燕王夺取政权中发挥关键作用，这体现了他的文韬武略及忠诚，所以永乐皇帝让他担任高位。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“TheYongleEmperorappointedZhengcommanderofalargetreasurefleet(舰队)andovertwentythousandmen.ZhengHe,atthirty-threeyearsold,hadthehighestrankofanyeunuchinthehistoryofChina.(永乐皇帝任命郑和为一支庞大的宝船舰队统帅，麾下将士逾两万。时年三十三岁的郑和，成为中国历史上宦官中品级最高者。)”以及第三段“Intheautumnofthefollowingyear,hisfleetleftNanjingforCalicut,locatedonthewestcoastofIndia.Thiswasthefirstofsevenexpeditionsofthetreasurefleet.(次年秋天，郑和率领舰队从南京出发，驶向位于印度西海岸的卡利卡特。这便是宝船舰队七次远航中的首次。)”可知，郑和33岁被永乐皇帝任命他为庞大宝船舰队的指挥官，而舰队是在第二年秋天出发，即郑和首次航行时是34岁。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“TheYongleEmperordiedin1424.Bythistime,ZhengHe,whowasfifty-threeyearsold,hadalreadyfinishedsixvoyagesandhadbroughtbackmanyenvoysfromvariousforeignlandstomeettheemperor.However,theYongleEmperor’soldestson,ZhuGaozhi,wasmadetheHongxiEmperor.Inhisninemonthrule,theemperorstoppedalltreasurefleetrepairsandconstructionbecauseoftheexpenses.(1424年，永乐皇帝驾崩。此时，五十三岁的郑和已经完成六次航行，并带回许多来自不同国家的使节觐见皇帝。然而，永乐皇帝的长子朱高炽即位，成为洪熙皇帝。在其九个月的统治期间，由于开支巨大，皇帝下令停止所有宝船舰队的修缮与建造工作。)”可知，1424年永乐皇帝去世，他的长子朱高炽即位成为洪熙皇帝，在其九个月的统治期间，由于开支问题，皇帝停止了所有宝船舰队的维修和建造；由此可知，资金短缺是1425年郑和无法进行航行的原因。故选D。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Hetradedandmademanydiplomatic(外交的)friendsduringtheseexpeditions.(在这些远航中，他开展贸易活动，还结交了众多外交友人。)”可知，郑和在远航中所取得的成就之一结交许多外交友人，在外交方面取得了新突破。故选C。DPovertyandinequalityinIndiaremaineverywhere,andnowitseconomyisstruggling.TheIndiangovernment’sto-dolistislong.Buttherearethreeissuesthat,ifdealtwith,couldbringaboutbigimprovements.Theenvironmentisone.Everyyearfarmerssettingfiretoricestrawcreateaheavyseasonalsmog.Thissmoggivesoffotherpoisonousgasestoformbadair,whichmaycauseasmanyas1.2millionprematuredeathsayear,andthusreducetheaveragelifespanbyfouryears.ButmuchofIndia’sairpollutionissimplythepriceofitseconomicprogress.Westerncountrieswentthroughitandtheirdemocraticprocessforcedthemtochange.However,Indiaisnotstrongenoughtoforceacompletechangeinenvironmentalpolicies.Onpaper,Indiahasstronglawsandinstitutionsforprotectingtheenvironment,includingapowerfulNationalGreenAgency,whichhelpsstrengthenenforcement(实施).Itsgovernmenthastakensomebigsteps,adoptingstrictervehicle-emissionsstandards,andachievingsomeambitioussolar-powertargets.Indiaisjustspending$150milliononpublicmessagingandnewequipmenttopersuadefarmersoutofburningtheirfields,andhascloseddownsomeurbancoal-firedpowerstations.Indiansarenotvictimsofthesethoughtfulpoliciesbutofasystem’sfailuretoaccountforanddealwiththeuglierside-effectsofprogress.Attheclimate-changetalksthatledtotheParisagreement,Indiaarguedthatitwasunfairtobepunishedforfollowingthesamepathasdevelopedeconomiesandthuswasallowedtogiverelativelylooseguarantees.Indiapromised,forinstance,thatsolarpowerwillreach36%ofitspowergenerationcapacityby2030,whichsoundsimpressive.Yetthegovernmentitselfpredictsthatitwillonlyaccountfor23%ofactualelectricitygenerationcomparedtocapacity.Coal’sshareisexpectedtofallfrom74%to50%ofthemix,butsincethetotalamountofpowerwillgrow,thatstillmeansaddingmorecoal-burningpowerplants.Whenthegrowthincarbon-dioxideoutputhassloweddownorfalleninmuchoftheworld,includingChina,Indiahasdoubledthatsince2005.Nevertheless,somecountrieshaveshowntolerance.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“premature”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Normal. B.Earlier. C.Delayed. D.Peaceful.13.WhatmainlyledtosuchpollutedairinIndia?A.Povertyandinequality.B.Changingtraditionaltechniques.C.Thesevereeffectsofnaturaldeaths.D.Economicdevelopmentregardlessoftheenvironment.14.Whatistheinternationalcommunity’sattitudetowardsIndianpollution?A.Takingseverepunishment. B.Remainingmorecontrollable.C.Givingrelativeunderstanding. D.Helpingsolveproblemsactively.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Chinaisdoingwellintermsofcuttingcarbon-dioxideoutput.B.Indialiedpurposelyintheglobalclimate-changetalks.C.Indiawillseeafallincarbon-dioxideoutputduetoitsloosepolicies.D.Chinahastakenfewmeasurestoprotecttheenvironment.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了印度面临的环境问题，包括空气污染、农民焚烧秸秆造成的烟雾以及印度政府在环境保护方面所采取的措施和面临的挑战。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词下文“thusreducetheaveragelifespanbyfouryears(进而使人均预期寿命缩短四年)”可推测，划线单词的意思应该是“过早”死亡。选项B“earlier”，意为“更早地”，符合语境。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ButmuchofIndia’sairpollutionissimplythepriceofitseconomicprogress.(然而，印度的大部分空气污染其实就是其经济发展所要付出的代价。)”可知，印度的大部分空气污染其实就是其经济发展所要付出的代价，由此可知，导致印度空气污染的主要是由不顾环境的经济发展导致的。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Attheclimate-changetalksthatledtotheParisagreement,Indiaarguedthatitwasunfairtobepunishedforfollowingthesamepathasdevelopedeconomiesandthuswasallowedtogiverelativelylooseguarantees.(在促成《巴黎协定》的气候变化谈判中，印度辩称，因走与发达经济体相同的发展道路而受到惩罚是不公平的，因此被允许做出相对宽松的承诺。)”以及“Nevertheless,somecountrieshaveshowntolerance.(尽管如此，一些国家对此表现出了宽容。)”可推测，在气候变化谈判中，印度辩称因走与发达经济体相同的道路而受惩罚不公平，所以被允许做出相对宽松的承诺，并且一些国家也表现出了宽容，说明国际社会对印度污染问题持相对理解的态度。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Whenthegrowthincarbon-dioxideoutputhassloweddownorfalleninmuchoftheworld,includingChina,Indiahasdoubledthatsince2005.(当包括中国在内的世界大部分地区二氧化碳排放量增长放缓或下降时，自2005年以来，印度的二氧化碳排放量却翻了一番。)”可知，包括中国在内，世界很多地区二氧化碳排放量增长放缓或下降，而印度自2005年以来排放量翻倍，由此可推断出中国在减少二氧化碳排放方面做得很好。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouarelikemillionsofpeoplearoundtheworldwhowanttosavemoney,loseweightorlearnanewskill,theNewYearissuretobringyounewgoals.____16____Identifyspecificgoals.Asyouidentifyyourgoals,bespecific.Ifagoalistoogeneral,itmaybehardtopursue,letaloneachieveit.So,whetheryouaredancing,doingyogaorkick-boxing,youshouldparticipateregularlyeveryweek.____17____Youshouldalsosayyourgoalistoloseacertainamountofweightinacertainamountoftime.____18____Expertssaywritingdownyourgoalisaveryimportantstep.Itgetsthegoaloutofyourbrainandintotherealworld.Writinghasanotherbenefit:Youcanpostyourgoalsomewhereasareminder.Asyousitdownatyourcomputerorpouryourmorningcoffee,yourgoalstaresyouinthefaceandasks,“Whatareyougoingtodoaboutmetoday?”Tellafriendyourgoals.____19____Ifsomeoneelseknowsaboutyourgoals,youareresponsibleforanyprogressorlackofprogress.Yourfriendmightask,“So,howmanypagesofyournovelhaveyouwritten?”Ifyoukeepsaying“none”,youmightfeelbad.Breakdownbiggoalsintosmallones.Notallgoalsarecreatedequal.____20____Forthosebiggergoals,expertssuggestbreakingthemdownintosmallerones.A.Keepupyourgoals.B.Writeyourgoalsdown.C.Somecanbequitebig.D.Itismadeupofmanysmallergoals.E.Tellingsomeoneyourgoalisalsohelpful.F.Thesefollowingsuggestionsallhelptomakeyourgoalsreal.G.Tomakethegoalmorespecific,youshouldjoinaregularexerciseclass.【答案】16.F17.G18.B19.E20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕新年新目标这一主题，给出了五个具体的建议来帮助读者实现他们的目标。【16题详解】根据空前内容“Ifyouarelikemillionsofpeoplearoundtheworldwhowanttosavemoney,loseweightorlearnanewskill,theNewYearissuretobringyounewgoals.(无论是学习一门新语言，还是掌握一项新技能，新年必定会为你带来新目标。)”可知，文章开篇提到新年会带来新目标，后文围绕如何实现目标给出具体建议。选项F“Thesefollowingsuggestionsallhelptomakeyourgoalsreal.(以下这些建议都有助于将你的目标变为现实。)”起到承上启下的作用，引出下文具体的建议，交代了文章主旨。故选F。【17题详解】根据上文内容“Asyouidentifyyourgoals,bespecific.Ifagoalistoogeneral,itmaybehardtopursue,letaloneachieveit.So,whetheryouaredancing,doingyogaorkick-boxing,youshouldparticipateregularlyeveryweek.(在确定目标时，务必要具体。如果目标过于笼统，可能很难去追求，更别说实现了。所以，不管你是跳舞、练瑜伽还是练搏击，都应该每周定期参与。)”可知，上文提到目标要具体，比如参加定期的每周运动。选项G“Tomakethegoalmorespecific,youshouldjoinaregularexerciseclass.(为了让目标更具体，你应该参加一个定期的健身课程。)”进一步阐述了如何让目标更具体，符合语境。故选G。【18题详解】空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Expertssaywritingdownyourgoalisaveryimportantstep.Itgetsthegoaloutofyourbrainandintotherealworld.Writinghasanotherbenefit:Youcanpostyourgoalsomewhereasareminder.(专家表示，写下目标是非常重要的一步。这能让目标从你的脑海中落地到现实世界。写下目标还有另一个好处：你可以把目标张贴在某个地方作为提醒。)”可知，本段主要建议读者写下目标。选项B“Writeyourgoalsdown.(写下你的目标。)”符合本文主旨。故选B。【19题详解】根据小标题“Tellafriendyourgoals(把你的目标告诉朋友)”可知，本段主要建议读者告诉朋友自己的目标。选项E“Tellingsomeoneyourgoalisalsohelpful.(把目标告诉别人也很有帮助。)”与主旨相符，同时自然引出下文“Ifsomeoneelseknowsaboutyourgoals,youareresponsibleforanyprogressorlackofprogress.(如果其他人知道你的目标，你就得对取得的任何进展或毫无进展负责。)”，指出把目标告诉别人，可以使我们的目标有进展。故选E。【20题详解】根据下文“Forthosebiggergoals,expertssuggestbreakingthemdownintosmallerones.(对于那些更大的目标，专家建议把它们分解成更小的目标。)”可推测，空处和大目标有关。选项C“Somecanbequitebig.(有些目标可能相当大。)”指出有些目标可能会存在太大的问题，自然引出下文针对目标太大的解决方法，指出大的目标要分解为小目标。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Fishingoutsidewithmyfamilyhasgivenmenewideasandfeelings.A(n)____21____forthesportrunsdeepinmyfamily.Iwasintroducedtofishingatanearlyage.Mygrandpawasabigchampion____22____inthePhilippines.Helovedthesportandwasskilledatit,too.ThesedaysI____23____saltwaterfishingwithmydad.I’mstilllearningaboutthesportandwhatelseit____24____me,whicharealsomylifelessonsalongtheway.Whilesomepeople,fullof____25____,mightstaytotallyengagedin____26____forhours,therewillalwaysbemomentswithsomeupsanddownstothem.Whenfishdo____27____thehook,it’llgivepeoplearushofexcitement.Whenfishdon’tbiteit,peoplewilleasilyfeelboredand____28____.However,forme,it’snotreallyallaboutthefishing.It’sjustasmuchaboutthepeopleI’m____29____with,whocanenjoytheoutdooractivityandmakeitfuntogether.It’stheconversationandthe_____30_____thatmakestheexperiencemuchbetter.Possibly,you_____31_____aminute,foranhour,orforthewholedaybutnothinghappensatall.However,fishingcanteachyou_____32_____forever.Onceyouhavethisenduranceandperseverance,youcanmakeallmorethrillingintheend.Youarenever_____33_____tocatchafish,butwhentheopportunitystrikes,thewaitfeelsmuchmore_____34_____inthelongrun.Nomatterwhereyouare,itiscrucialtoremember_____35_____natureisthereforyoutoenjoyandthatitisindeedsomethingworthsharingwithothers.21.A.love B.honor C.respect D.thought22.A.conqueror B.volunteer C.challenger D.fisherman23.A.escape B.suggest C.admit D.enjoy24.A.puzzles B.teaches C.delights D.amazes25.A.anxiety B.praise C.enthusiasm D.competition26.A.studying B.playing C.fishing D.running27.A.make B.refuse C.catch D.bite28A.discouraged B.excited C.ignored D.blamed29.A.happy B.desperate C.angry D.typical30.A.dependence B.companion C.education D.confidence31.A.giveup B.waitfor C.speedup D.pullout32.A.miracle B.hope C.determination D.patience33.A.encouraged B.invited C.guaranteed D.allowed34.A.promising B.rewarding C.boring D.supporting35.A.when B.which C.that D.where【答案】21.A22.D23.D24.B25.C26.C27.D28.A29.A30.B31.B32.D33.C34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与家人一起外出钓鱼的经历，以及钓鱼这项活动给作者带来的新想法和感受。作者通过描述自己与家人钓鱼的过程，展现了钓鱼不仅是捕捉鱼类的活动，更是一种享受户外生活、与家人共度时光的方式。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们家对这项运动的热爱由来已久。A.love爱；B.honor荣誉；C.respect尊重；D.thought想法。根据下文“Helovedthesportandwasskilledatit,too.”以及“ThesedaysI____3____saltwaterfishingwithmydad.”可推测，作者一家都喜欢钓鱼。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的爷爷在菲律宾是一位赫赫有名的钓鱼冠军。A.conqueror征服者；B.volunteer志愿者；C.challenger挑战者；D.fisherman钓鱼的人。根据下文“Helovedthesportandwasskilledatit,too.”可知，作者的爷爷擅长钓鱼，因此是个钓鱼冠军。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些天，我喜欢和父亲一起去咸水区域钓鱼。A.escape逃跑；B.suggest建议；C.admit承认；D.enjoy喜欢。根据下文“It’sjustasmuchaboutthepeopleI’m____9____with,whocanenjoytheoutdooractivityandmakeitfuntogether.”可知，作者喜欢和父亲一起钓鱼。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我仍然在学习这项运动以及它教会我的其他东西，这也是我一路走来的人生经验。A.puzzles使困惑；B.teaches教；C.delights使高兴；D.amazes使惊奇。根据下文“whicharealsomylifelessonsalongtheway”可知，这里说的是钓鱼还教会了作者什么。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些满怀热忱的人，可能会全神贯注地钓鱼几个小时，然而，这其中总会有起起落落。A.anxiety焦虑；B.praise赞扬；C.enthusiasm热情；D.competition竞争。根据下文“mightstaytotallyengagedin____6____forhours”中的“forhours”可推测，这些人充满热情，会连续几个小时专注于钓鱼。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些满怀热忱的人，可能会全神贯注地钓鱼几个小时，然而，这其中总会有起起落落。A.studying学习；B.playing玩；C.fishing钓鱼；D.running跑步。根据下文“Whenfishdo____7____thehook,it’llgivepeoplearushofexcitement.Whenfishdon’tbiteit,peoplewilleasilyfeelboredand____8____.”可知，这里指的是这些人专注于钓鱼。故选C。27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当鱼咬钩时，会让人瞬间兴奋不已。A.make制作；B.refuse拒绝；C.catch抓住；D.bite咬。根据下文“Whenfishdon’tbiteit,peoplewilleasilyfeelboredand____8____.”可知，下文说的是鱼不咬钩的时候；由此可推测，这里指的是鱼咬钩的时候。故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：而当鱼不咬钩，人们则很容易感到无聊和沮丧。A.discouraged气馁的；B.excited兴奋的；C.ignored被忽视的；D.blamed被责备的。根据上文“Whenfishdo____7____thehook,it’llgivepeoplearushofexcitement.”可知，当鱼咬钩的时候，人会幸福；再根据空前的“bored”可推测，当鱼不咬钩的时候，人们会无聊和沮丧。故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：和那些能一同享受户外活动，让整个过程充满乐趣的人在一起，同样意义非凡。A.happy快乐的；B.desperate绝望的；C.angry生气的；D.typical典型的。根据下文“whocanenjoytheoutdooractivityandmakeitfuntogether.”可知，空处指的是钓鱼的乐趣还在于和开心的人在一起。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是交谈和同伴，让这段经历变得更加美好。A.dependence依赖；B.companion同伴；C.education教育；D.confidence信心。根据上文“It’sjustasmuchaboutthepeopleI’m____9____with,whocanenjoytheoutdooractivityandmakeitfuntogether.”可知，作者认为钓鱼的乐趣还在于和开心的人在一起。由此可知，作者认为开心的人的陪伴让钓鱼更加美好。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有可能，你等了一分钟、一小时，甚至一整天，却一无所获。A.giveup放弃；B.waitfor等待；C.speedup加速；D.pullout拔出。根据下文“butnothinghappensatall”可推测，这里说可能等一分钟、一小时或一整天。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，钓鱼能永远教会你耐心。A.miracle奇迹；B.hope希望；C.determination决心；D.patience耐心。根据下文“Onceyouhavethisenduranceandperseverance,youcanmakeallmorethrillingintheend.”中的“enduranceandperseverance”可知，钓鱼能教会人耐心。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你永远无法保证一定能钓到鱼，但当机会来临时，从长远来看，等待就会显得格外值得。A.encouraged鼓励；B.invited邀请；C.guaranteed保证；D.allowed允许。根据上文“Possibly,you____11____aminute,foranhour,orforthewholedaybutnothinghappensatall.”可知，钓鱼的时候，有时候很久却一无所获。由此可知，我们永远无法保证一定能钓到鱼。故选C。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你永远无法保证一定能钓到鱼，但当机会来临时，从长远来看，等待就会显得格外值得。A.promising有希望的；B.rewardin