安徽省合肥市合肥六校联考2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1安徽省合肥市合肥六校联考2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHopeBookClubAbookclubisasmallgroupofpersonsthatarereadingthesamebookinordertosharedifferentfeelingsandopinionsaboutthebook.Thebookclubmeetsonceamonthforanhouroflivelydiscussion.Allstudents(3+),teachersandparentsarewelcome!Hereyoucandiscoveranewworld,learnnewideasandmakenewfriends!Whatyoushoulddo:★Youwillreadthebookaloneandthendiscussyourreadinginthebookclub.★Youmustkeepupwithyourreadingsothatyoucanjoinasapartofyourgroup.Thebookclubwilldecidewhatpagesorchapters(章节)youwillread.Youshouldtakedownnotesandthoughtsasyouread.Everyoneinthebookclubisexpectedtojoininthediscussion.Moretips:Keepourplaceclean.Nopetsandnosmoking.Takegoodcareofbooksandreturnthemontime.Youmustaskforleaveifyoucannotjoininthediscussion.Fees:Kidsfrom3-7:Free;Kidsfrom8-18:10dollarsamonth;Adults:15dollarsamonth.Ifyouareinterested,call487-256-656or487-266-545,sendanemailtohopebook@yahoo.comorvisitourwebsiteatwww.hopebookclub.com.1.Howmuchshouldacouplewitha9-year-oldsonpayforbeingintheclubforamonth?A.30dollars. B.25dollars. C.40dollars. D.50dollars.2.Whatarerequiredintheclub?A.Keepingtheenvironmenttidy.B.Takingcareofyourpets.C.Keepingsilentwhendiscussing.D.Decidingwhateverpagesorchapterstoread.3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Youcankeepthebooksaslongasyoulike.B.Booksaren’tallowedtobetakenoutoftheclub.C.Themembersintheclubhavetotakedowntheirideas.D.Youcanchooseyourfavoritebookstoreadintheclub.【答案】1.C2.A3.C【语篇解读】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个读书俱乐部的情况，阅读要求以及收费信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Fees部分的“Kidsfrom8-18:10dollarsamonth;Adults:15dollarsamonth(8-18岁的孩子每月10美元，成人每月15美元)”可知，一对夫妇(两个成人)和他们9岁的儿子(一个孩子)加入俱乐部一个月的费用是15×2+10=40美元。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Moretips部分的“Keepourplaceclean.(保持我们的地方干净)”可知，需要保持环境整洁。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Whatyoushoulddo部分的“Youshouldtakedownnotesandthoughtsasyouread.(你应该在阅读时记下笔记和想法)”可知，读书时需要记笔记，记下自己的想法。故选C。BMarieVanBrittanBrown,anAfricanAmericannurselivinginJamaica,Queensinthe1960s,wasworkinginshifts,aswasherhusband,Albert,anelectronicstechnician.Whenshearrivedhomelate,shesometimesfeltafraid.SeriouscrimesinQueensjumpednearly32percentfrom1960to1965,andpolicewereslowtorespondtoemergencycalls.Mariewantedtofeelsaferathome.Withthehelpofherhusband,Marieimaginedadevicethatcouldbeattachedtothefrontdoor.Itwouldofferfoursmallholes,andthroughthese,avideocameraontheinsidecouldviewvisitorsofdifferentheightsasthehostturnedthecameraupanddown.Thecamerawasconnectedtoatelevisionmonitorinside.Amicrophoneontheoutsideofthedoorandaspeakerinsideallowedthehosttointerrogateavisitor,whileanalarmcouldinformpoliceviaradio.Closed-circuittelevision(CCTV),inventedduringWorldWarIIformilitaryuse,wasnotwidespreadinthe1960s,andtheBrownsproposedusingthetechnologytocreatethefirstmodernhomesecuritysystem.Theyfiledapatentfortheirdevicein1966,citing(提及)Marieastheleadinventor.Itwasapprovedthreeyearslater.“Theequipmentisnotinproduction,”TheNewYorkTimesreported,“buttheBrownshopetointerestmanufacturersandhomebuilders.”Thatneverhappened.“Thecostofinstalling(安装)itwidelywouldbeprettyhigh,”saysRobertMcCrie,anemergencymanagementexpertatJohnJayCollegeofCriminalJusticeinManhattan.Marie’sinvention,thoughitdidn’tbenefitthemfinancially,wouldearntheBrownsameasureofrecognitioninthetechnologyworld:Thepredecessor(前身)oftoday’shomesecuritysystems,ithasbeencited(引用)in35U.S.patents.4.WhatcanbelearnedaboutMarie?A.Shelivedinadangerousneighborhood. B.Sheworkedasanelectronicstechnician.C.Shewenthomewithherhusbandeveryday. D.Shewasafraidofmakinganemergencycall.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“interrogate”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Attract. B.Frighten. C.Welcome. D.Question.6.WhatwastheproblemwiththeBrowns’system?A.Itwasconsideredtobeasillyinvention. B.Itwasthoughtlittleofbythethenpolice.C.Itwastooexpensivetobemass-produced. D.Itwasillegaltobeusedbyordinarypeople.7.WhatcanwesayaboutMarieandherhusband?A.TheycontributedalottoCCTV. B.Theyweregenerousandresponsible.C.Theyhelpedreducecrimeinthe1960s. D.Theywereintelligentandworthyofrespect.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.D【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述玛丽和她的丈夫因为住在犯罪率较高的社区，就想有个安全的居住环境，而设计了一款设备。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“SeriouscrimesinQueensjumpednearly32percentfrom1960to1965,andpolicewereslowtorespondtoemergencycalls.Mariewantedtofeelsaferathome.”（皇后区的严重的犯罪从1960到1965年跳了将近32%，并且警察出警的速度很慢。玛丽想在家里感到更安全点。）可知，玛丽住的社区不安全。故选A。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据这句话“Amicrophoneontheoutsideofthedoorandaspeakerinsideallowedthehosttointerrogateavisitor,whileanalarmcouldinformpoliceviaradio.”（门外面的话筒和门内的扬声器允许主人interrogate来访者，同时警铃可以通过无线电通知警察。）可知，interrogate是及物动词，avisitor是它的宾语。根据上文的Amicrophoneontheoutsideofthedoorandaspeakerinside可知，门外面的话筒和门内的扬声器都是可以传达声音的设备，所以就可以让家里的主人通过这些设备和门外的人说话，问门外的人问题。D选项“质问，提问”和它意思接近。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Theequipmentisnotinproduction”（这个设备没有大量生产）和“Thecostofinstalling(安装)itwidelywouldbeprettyhigh”（广泛安装的费用相当的高）可知，这个设备的不足之处在于大量生产的费用太高。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Marie’sinvention,thoughitdidn’tbenefitthemfinancially,wouldearntheBrownsameasureofrecognitioninthetechnologyworld:Thepredecessor(前身)oftoday’shomesecuritysystems,ithasbeencited(引用)in35U.S.patents.”（尽管玛丽的发明没有为他们挣大钱，但是却给布朗一家赢得了在技术界的认可：现在家里的安保系统的前身，它已经在35个美国专利上被引用。）可知，玛丽和她的丈夫很聪明，并且获得了大家的认可和尊敬。故选D。CWalkinginthelocalsupermarket,youwillbecaughtbythescent(气味)ofmixedherbs(香草),mentallytransportingyoutoakitchenfilledwiththesmellofyourfavoritehome-cookedmeal.Innotime,yourplansfordinnerandyourshoppinglistchange.Previousresearchhasfoundspreadingachocolatescentinabookstoreincreasedinterestinromancebooksandcookbooks.Andnaturalscentsinastoreencouragedspendingonproductswithfewerman-madecharacteristics.Generally,differentscentshavebeenshowntoinfluenceshoppers’choicesofspecifictypesofclothing.Tounderstandtheeffectofherbs,ournewresearchwasbrokenintothreeparts:experimentsinthelab,afieldstudyandonlinesurveys.InoursensorylabatAucklandUniversityofTechnology,weinvitedparticipantstoexperiencethesmellofmixedherbswhileshoppinginasupermarket.Shoppersboughtmorebasketsofhealthygoodswheninanenvironmentwiththeherbalsmellcomparedtothenon-herbalsmell.Inthefieldstudy,wespreadaherbalscentintwostoresandfoundshoppersexperiencingthescentboughtmorehealthyfooditemsthanthoseexperiencingnoscent.Ouronlinesurveyspresentasimilarresult-evenwhenthescentsareonlyimagined.Accordingtotheresearch,whenparticipantsaresmellingacertainscent,theyeasilystartactivitiesrelatedtothescent.Theactofsmellingorimaginingaherbalscentencouragesmemoriesofcookingandeatinghome-cookedmealspreparedfromfreshingredients(食材).Wefindthementalconnectionwithhome-cookingthendrivescustomerstochooseandbuyrelatedhealthyfoodsratherthanprocessedfoods.Beyondgeneralsmellsthatcomefromtheproducts,supermarketsoftenuseman-madescents,suchasspreadingthegrapefruitsmellintheproducesection,andthechocolatesmellinthesweetfoodssection.Understandingtheinfluenceofcertainsmellsisn’tjustaboutincreasingsales.Supermarketsplayakeyroleinshapingfoodchoices.Usingscentmarketingtodirectcustomerstowardswiserfoodchoicesisanunder-exploredopportunitytoachievebetterpublichealthresults.8.Whatcanweinferfrompreviousresearch?A.Bookstoresaleskeeprising. B.Materialinfluencesthescentquality.C.Man-madeproductsaregainingpopularity. D.Scentmarketinghasbeenwidelyapplied.9.Whatdoesthenewresearchshow?A.Naturalfoodmarketsattractmorecustomers. B.Herbalscentsaddtothehealthvalueoffood.C.Herbalscentsencouragehealthyfoodchoices. D.Mixedsmellscausetroublefordecision-making.10.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph4?A.Raisingdoubts. B.Explainingreasons.C.Suggestingsolutions. D.Makingcomparisons.11.Whatisabenefitofusingman-madescentsinsupermarkets?A.Improvingpublichealth. B.Promotingfoodstorage.C.Increasingsalesofallproducts. D.Simplifyingproductarrangement.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，香草气味能促使顾客购买更多健康食品，人造气味也在超市中常被使用以提升销售。通过在超市中应用香味营销，商家不仅可以增加销量，还可以引导顾客做出更健康的食品选择，从而改善公共健康。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Previousresearchhasfoundspreadingachocolatescentinabookstoreincreasedinterestinromancebooksandcookbooks.Andnaturalscentsinastoreencouragedspendingonproductswithfewerman-madecharacteristics.(先前的研究发现，在书店散发巧克力气味会增加对浪漫书籍和烹饪书籍的兴趣。而商店中的自然气味则鼓励人们购买具有较少人造特征的产品)”可知，气味营销已经被广泛应用。故选D。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Shoppersboughtmorebasketsofhealthygoodswheninanenvironmentwiththeherbalsmellcomparedtothenon-herbalsmell.(在有香草气味的环境中，购物者购买的健康商品比在没有香草气味的环境中更多)”以及第三段“Inthefieldstudy,

wespreadaherbalscentintwostoresandfoundshoppersexperiencingthescentboughtmorehealthyfooditemsthanthoseexperiencingnoscent.(在实地研究中，我们在两家商店散发香草气味，发现体验到这种气味的购物者购买的健康食品比没有体验到这种气味的购物者更多)”可知，香草气味鼓励健康食品的选择。故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Accordingtotheresearch,whenparticipantsaresmellingacertainscent,theyeasilystartactivitiesrelatedtothescent.Theactofsmellingorimaginingaherbalscentencouragesmemoriesofcookingandeatinghome-cookedmealspreparedfromfreshingredients(食材).(根据研究，当参与者闻到某种气味时，他们很容易开始与气味相关的活动。闻到或想象香草气味的行为会激发烹饪和食用新鲜食材准备的家常饭菜的记忆)”可知，第四段的功能是解释原因。故选B。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Beyondgeneralsmellsthatcomefromtheproducts,supermarketsoftenuseman-madescents,suchasspreadingthegrapefruitsmellintheproducesection,andthechocolatesmellinthesweetfoodssection.(除了来自产品的一般气味外，超市还经常使用人造气味，比如在农产品区散布葡萄柚味，在甜食区散布巧克力味)”以及“Usingscentmarketingtodirectcustomerstowardswiserfoodchoicesisanunder-exploredopportunitytoachievebetterpublichealthresults.(利用气味营销引导顾客做出更明智的食品选择是一个未被充分探索的机会，可以实现更好的公共健康结果)”可知，使用人造气味的好处是改善公共健康。故选A。DAirpollutionisamongthebiggestthreatsagainsthumans,whichcausessevenmillionearlydeathsayear.Tofightthisproblem,fourfriendsputtheirheadstogetheranddesignedCityTree,whichisamobilestructurethatcancaptureasmanypollutantsasaforestmadeupof275trees.Whatmakesthe‘tree’specialisthatit’snotaregulartreeatall;itismadeupofmosscultures(苔藓培养物)thatdoagreatjobofabsorption.“Mosscultureshaveamuchlargersurfacethananyotherplant,”ZhengliangWu,co-founderofGreenCitySolutions,explainedtoCNN.“Thatmeanswecancapturemorepollutants.”Theentire‘tree’sustainsitselfusingsolarpanelsthatgenerateelectricitysothatitcancollectrainwateritself.Tomonitorthehealthofthemoss,theCityTreehassensorswhichmeasuretemperatureandwaterquality.Now,about20CityTreescanbefoundinmajorcitieslikeOslo,andParis.TheteamalsohasplanstointroducetheCityTreetocitiesinlower-incomecountries,whichmayhaveworseairpollution.However,GaryFuller,anexpertonairpollution,thinksthattheconceptofanurbanairpurifiermightbetooambitious.“Evenifyouhadaperfectaircleaner,gettingthesurroundingairincontactwithitisreallyhard,”hesaid.Pollutionmadebycars,forexample,spreadsupwardsafewkilometersintotheair.“Effortswouldbebetterputintostoppingthepollutionfromforminginthefirstplace,”headded.Inresponse,theCityTreeinventorssaythattheyareawareofthisandchoosethelocationofeachCityTreecarefully.Theyarealsotestingasystemtocreatetheirownairflowthatdrawsthepollutiontothe“tree”.12.Whatisparagraph2mainlyaboutconcerningtheCityTree?A.Itsappearance. B.Itsoperatingprocess.C.Howitworks. D.Howitgetspowered.13.WhatisGaryFuller’sattitudetotheCityTree?A.Doubtful. B.Intolerant. C.Worried. D.Unclear.14.WhatwilltheCityTreeinventorsprobablydo?A.Developanewtypeofaircleaner. B.Makeimprovementstothestructure.C.Redirecteffortstomakegreenercars. D.Expandtheirbusinessinrichcountries.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthistext?A.GlobalEffortsinPlantingTrees B.TheAlarmingTrendofAirPollutionC.AStructurethatWillChangetheWorld D.The‘Tree’withtheGreenBenefitsofaForest【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“城市树”可以改善空气污染，介绍了其工作原理以及好处。【12题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段““Mosscultureshaveamuchlargersurfacethananyotherplant,”ZhengliangWu,co-founderofGreenCitySolutions,explainedtoCNN.“Thatmeanswecancapturemorepollutants.”Theentire‘tree’sustainsitselfusingsolarpanelsthatgenerateelectricitysothatitcancollectrainwateritself.Tomonitorthehealthofthemoss,theCityTreehassensorswhichmeasuretemperatureandwaterquality.(绿色城市解决方案的联合创始人吴正良向CNN解释说：“苔藓的表面比其他任何植物都要大得多。”“这意味着我们可以捕获更多的污染物。”整棵“树”通过太阳能电池板来维持自身，太阳能电池板可以发电，这样它就可以自己收集雨水。为了监测苔藓的健康状况，“城市树”装有测量温度和水质的传感器。)”可知，第2段主要是关于CityTree是如何工作的。故选C。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“However,GaryFuller,anexpertonairpollution,thinksthattheconceptofanurbanairpurifiermightbetooambitious.“Evenifyouhadaperfectaircleaner,gettingthesurroundingairincontactwithitisreallyhard,”hesaid.Pollutionmadebycars,forexample,spreadsupwardsafewkilometersintotheair.“Effortswouldbebetterputintostoppingthepollutionfromforminginthefirstplace,”headded.(然而，空气污染专家加里·富勒认为，城市空气净化器的概念可能过于雄心勃勃。“即使你有一台完美的空气净化器，也很难让周围的空气接触到它，”他说。例如，汽车造成的污染向上扩散几公里进入空气中。他补充说：“最好从一开始就努力阻止污染的形成。”)”可知，加里·富勒对城市树的态度是怀疑。故选A。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Theyarealsotestingasystemtocreatetheirownairflowthatdrawsthepollutiontothe“tree”.(他们还在测试一个系统，该系统可以制造自己的气流，将污染物吸入“树”。)”可知，CityTree的发明者可能会对结构进行改进。故选B。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Tofightthisproblem,fourfriendsputtheirheadstogetheranddesignedCityTree,whichisamobilestructurethatcancaptureasmanypollutantsasaforestmadeupof275trees.Whatmakesthe‘tree’specialisthatit’snotaregulartreeatall;itismadeupofmosscultures(苔藓培养物)thatdoagreatjobofabsorption.(为了解决这个问题，四个朋友集思广想，设计了“城市树”，这是一个移动结构，可以捕获与275棵树组成的森林一样多的污染物。这棵“树”的特别之处在于，它根本不是一棵普通的树；它是由苔藓培养物组成的，吸收效果很好。)”结合文章主要介绍了“城市树”可以改善空气污染，介绍了其工作原理以及好处。可知，D选项“具有森林绿色效益的‘树’”最符合文章标题。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyouhadameltdownlately?Anemotionalmeltdownisn’texactlyamedicaldisease.___16___It’sapopulartermusedtodescribeasituationwhereweareovercomeemotionallyofhitabreakingpoint.Howdoyoufeelafteryou’vehadameltdown?Doyoufeelembarrassedaboutyourbehavior?___17___Anoccasionalmeltdowndoesn’tmeansomethingis“wrong”withyou.Itmayjustbeanindicatorofachallengingtimeforyou.Whilemostpeoplewouldratherforgetameltdownasquicklyaspossible,itcanbealearningexperience.Ifyoufeelembarrassedaboutrevealingyouremotionsinpublic,youmightexaminehowyoufeelaboutyourfeelings.Whyisn’titokayforyoutobeangry,ortobesad,ortoneedsomethingfromsomeoneelse?___18___So,bekindtoyourself.Ifyourmeltdowninvolvedraisingyourvoiceatotherpeopleorbehaviorlikethrowinganobjectinthepresenceofothers,apologizeandcomeupwithaplantomanageyouremotionsdifferentlythenexttimeyou’reupsetorstressed.Ifyoufindthistypeofbehavioriscommonforyouandyou’rehavingdifficultymanagingitonyourown,considerreachingtoapsychologist.___19___Itdamagesanotherperson’sattitudeandeatsintotheirhealth.___20___Yourexperienceservesabasisforreflection.Bekindtoyourselfandfindsomehelpfulwaystodealwithmeltdowns:A.Itcanhappentoanyone.B.Areyouahappyperson?C.Learnfromeverymeltdown.D.Therearesomenegativeeffectsaboutmeltdown,E.Shamingyourselfaboutyouremotionisnothelpful.F.Areyouanxiousaboutpossibleconsequencesforyouroutburst?G.Havinganemotionalmeltdownisneveranexcuseforabusivebehavior.【答案】16.A17.F18.E19.G20.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要告诉了读者关于情绪崩溃的一些知识。【16题详析】根据前文“Anemotionalmeltdownisn’texactlyamedicaldisease.(情绪崩溃又不是什么医学疾病。)”可知，情绪崩溃不算疾病；后文“It’sapopulartermusedtodescribeasituationwhereweareovercomeemotionallyofhitabreakingpoint.(这是一个常用的术语，用来描述我们在情感上达到崩溃点的情况。)”说明情绪崩溃是常见的。A项“Itcanhappentoanyone.(它可能发生在任何人身上。)”符合语境，且A项中“It”指代前文中的“Anemotionalmeltdown”。故选A项。【17题详析】根据前文“Howdoyoufeelafteryou’vehadameltdown?Doyoufeelembarrassedaboutyourbehavior?(你崩溃后是什么感觉?你对自己的行为感到尴尬吗?)”推知，空处是情绪崩溃的举例，F项“Areyouanxiousaboutpossibleconsequencesforyouroutburst?(你是否为你的爆发可能带来的后果感到焦虑?)”符合题意，与前文并列。故选F项。【18题详析】前文“Whyisn’titokayforyoutobeangry,ortobesad,ortoneedsomethingfromsomeoneelse?(为什么你不能生气，悲伤，或者需要别人的帮助呢?)”说明生气、悲伤和需要别人帮助的正常的；结合后文“So,bekindtoyourself.(所以，善待自己。)”，说明情绪崩溃是很正常的，没必要因此而自责。E项“Shamingyourselfaboutyouremotionisnothelpful.(为自己的情绪感到羞愧是没有帮助的。)”承上启下，符合语境。故选E项。【19题详析】根据后文“Itdamagesanotherperson’sattitudeandeatsintotheirhealth.(它会损害别人的态度，损害他们的健康。)”可知，严重的情绪崩溃可能会对别人造成伤害。G项“Havinganemotionalmeltdownisneveranexcuseforabusivebehavior.(情绪崩溃绝不是虐待行为的借口。)”说明因为情绪崩溃而做出错误的行为是不对的。后文“It”指代G项中“abusivebehavior”。故选G项。【20题详析】根据后文“Yourexperienceservesabasisforreflection.(你的经验可以作为反思的基础。)”可知，我们可以从情绪奔溃中反思、学到一些东西。C项“Learnfromeverymeltdown.(从每次崩溃中学习。)”符合语境。故选C项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Wetalkaboutthepersistenceneededtomakeourdreamcometruetoday.JustthinkofWilburandOrvilleWright.Their____21____certainlydidn’thappenovernight!Wilburwas12yearsoldandOrville8whentheirfatherbroughthomeatoy.Itwasarubber____22____madeinFrance.Theylikeditsomuchthattheyplayedwithituntilitbroke.Immediately,theybegan____23____copies.Theywerehookedonaviation!In1900,asyoungmen,havingbuilttheirfirstglider(滑翔机),theydecidedto____24____itoutatKittyHawkonKillDevilHills.It____25____consistentstrongwindsandthesomewhatcushioningeffectsofsand.Thatfirstflightwasunsuccessful,butitdidn’tstopthem.Afterseveralmoretries,onDecember17,1903,withamuch____26____plane,theyriskedtheirlivestoflyitinthewind.They____27____flyingtheworld’sfirstpoweredairplane.Beginningat10:35a.m.thatday,Orville____28____it120feetinabout12seconds!At12:00,Wilburflewit852feetin59seconds!JohnnyMoore,oneofthefivemenwho____29____themthatmorning(inchargeofdraggingtheplaneacrossthesandforpositioning),rantothevillageofKittyHawkcrying.“They’vemadeit!”Thiswasthe_____30_____ofaviation!Atthistime,Wilburwas36andOrville32.Roughly24yearshadpassedsincetheirfathergavethemthat_____31_____!Ifyouhaveadream,workatit.Ifitdoesn’tturnoutas_____32_____,don’tgiveup!Tryagain!_____33_____whatyouwantandaccomplishit.Don’tevergiveup!_____34_____intheworldcantaketheplaceofpersistence.Talentwillnot.Nothingismore_____35_____thanunsuccessfulmenwithtalent.Persistenceanddeterminationalonemakeadifference.21.A.failure B.accident C.achievement D.change22.A.car B.bicycle C.helicopter D.ship23.A.building B.selling C.buying D.drawing24.A.put B.try C.pick D.carry25.A.avoided B.prevented C.provided D.caught26.A.ordinary B.similar C.organised D.improved27.A.tookto B.keptto C.gaveup D.endedup28.A.flew B.placed C.dragged D.pulled29.A.noticed B.met C.visited D.helped30.A.result B.birth C.target D.development31.A.toy B.party C.promise D.chance32.A.allowed B.decided C.expected D.required33.A.Worryabout B.Returnto C.Forgetabout D.Stickto34.A.Something B.Nothing C.Anything D.Everything35.A.common B.active C.satisfactory D.exciting【答案】21.C22.C23.A24.B25.C26.D27.D28.A29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.B35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。本文通过讲述莱特兄弟经过多次实验，终于制造出第一架飞机的故事，说明了这样一个道理：如果你有梦想，就要不断地为之努力；即使它没有出现预期的结果，也不要放弃，世界上没有什么事情能代替坚持不懈；只要有毅力，最终一定会取得成功。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：莱特兄弟的成就当然不是一夜之间发生的。A.failure失败；B.accident事故；C.achievement成就；D.change改变。根据上文“Wetalkaboutthepersistenceneededtomakeourdreamcometruetoday.”以及下文““They’vemadeit!”Thiswasthe________ofaviation!”可知，此处指莱特兄弟的成就不是一夜之间发生的。故选C。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是一个法国制造的橡胶直升机。A.car汽车；B.bicycle自行车；C.helicopter直升飞机；D.ship轮船。根据下文“Theywerehookedonaviation!”可知，那是一个法国制造的橡胶直升机。故选C。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1900年，作为年轻人，在建造了第一架滑翔机后，他们开始建造复制品。A.building建造；开发；B.selling售卖；C.buying买；D.drawing画。根据上文“In1900,asyoungmen,havingbuilttheirfirstglider”可知，他们开始建造复制品。故选A。【24题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们决定试验一下。A.put(out)扑灭；B.try(out)试验；C.pick(out)挑选；D.carry(out)实施。根据下文“Afterseveralmoretries”可知，他们决定试验一下。故选B。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个地方提供持续的大风还有沙子的缓冲作用。A.avoided避免；B.prevented防止；C.provided提供；D.caught抓住。句中it指代上文“KittyHawkonKillDevilHills”，此处指这个地方提供持续的大风。故选C。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：又尝试了几次之后，在1903年12月17日，他们冒着生命危险在风里驾驶一架经过多次改进的飞机。A.ordinary普通的；B.similar相同的；C.organised有组织的；D.improved改良过的。根据上文“Afterseveralmoretries”以及常识可知，他们驾驶的是一架经过多次改进的飞机。故选D。【27题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：最终他们驾驶世界上第一架有动力装置的飞机。A.tookto喜欢；参加；B.keptto遵守；坚持；C.gaveup放弃；D.endedup最终。根据下文““They’vemadeit!”Thiswasthe________ofaviation!”可知，他们最终驾驶了世界上第一架有动力装置的飞机。endupdoingsth.意为“结果做……；以做……而告终”，符合句意。故选D。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从当天上午10点35分开始，奥维尔在大约12秒内飞了120英尺。A.flew飞行；B.placed放置；C.dragged拖；D.pulled拉。根据下文“At12:00,Wilburflewit852feetin59seconds!”中的关键词flew可知，这里是说，在大约十二秒钟之内Orville飞行了120英尺。故选A。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：JohnnyMoore是那天早上帮助他们的五个人之一（负责将飞机拖过沙地进行定位），他跑到小鹰村时，哭了。A.noticed注意；B.met遇见；C.visited参观；D.helped帮助。根据下文“inchargeofdraggingtheplaneacrossthesandforpositioning”可知，JohnnyMoore在帮助他们。故选D。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是航空制造业的诞生。A.result结果；B.birth诞生；C.target目标；D.development发展。根据上文“They________flyingtheworld’sfirstpoweredairplane.”可知，这是航空制造业的诞生。故选B。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：自他们的父亲给他们那个玩具起，已经过了差不多24年了。A.toy玩具；B.party派对；C.promise承诺；D.chance机会。根据第二段首句中“...broughthomeatoy.”可知，父亲给他们的是玩具。故选A。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果结果不如预期，不要放弃！A.allowed允许；B.decided决定；C.expected期待；D.required要求。asexpected是固定用法，意为“正如预期的那样”，符合句意。故选C。【33题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：坚持你所想的，并且实现它。A.Worryabout担心；B.Returnto返回到；C.Forgetabout忘掉；D.Stickto坚持。根据下文“Don’tevergiveup!”可知，这里是指坚持(stickto)你所想的，并且实现它。故选D。【34题详析】考查不定代词辨析。句意：世界上没有什么事情能代替坚持不懈。A.Something某物；B.Nothing没有什么东西；C.Anything任何事物；D.Everything一切事物。根据上文“________whatyouwantandaccomplishit.Don’tevergiveup!”可知，世界上没有什么事情能代替坚持不懈。故选B。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有天赋但不成功的人太常见了。A.common常见的；B.active积极的；C.satisfactory令人满意的；D.exciting令人激动的。根据下文“Persistenceanddeterminationalonemakeadifference.”可知，只有坚持不懈和决心才能通往成功，由此可知，有天赋但不成功的人太常见了。故选A。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。OnDecember28th2021,awinterfishing-themedtouristfestivalopenedatChaganLakeoneofChina's___36___(large)freshwaterlakes,markingthebeginningofthegoldenseasonforwinterfishing.Overtwenty___37___(activity)willbeheldduringtheannualfestival,___38___runsthroughFeb28nextyear.Thehighlightoftheeventisskiingcontests,naturewatchingandanicedragonboat____39____(compete).Yetmeredecadesago,ChaganLakewasaverydifferentplace.Bytheendofthe1970s,thelake____40____(cut)downtoonlydozensofsquarekilometersduetodroughtandoverfishing.Thankstothegovernment'efforts____41____(restore)Chagantoitsformerglory,thelakenowcoversanareaof500squarekilometers,___42___itsfishresourceshavealsorecovered.Thelakehasreceivedmorethan1.8millionvisitorssofarthisyear,a29.4%increase_____43_____(compare)withthesameperiodofthepreviousyear.ThecharmoficefishingatChaganLakeliesinkeepingthefishingcultureofourancestorsaliveand___44___(carry)itforwardhand-drillingholesthroughthethickiceandloweringnetsintothefrostywaterstocatchfish.Thetechniquehasbeenlisted____45____anational-levelformofintangibleculturalheritage.【答案】36.largest37.activities38.which39.competition40.hadbeencut41.torestore42.and43.compared44.carrying45.in【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了2021年12月28日，一个冬季捕鱼主题旅游节在查干湖开幕，这是中国最大的淡水湖之一，标志着冬季捕鱼的黄金季节的开始。一年一度的艺术节将于明年2月28日结束，期间将举行20多项活动。【36题详析】考查形容词的最高级。句意：2021年12月28日，一个冬季捕鱼主题旅游节在查干湖开幕，这是中国最大的淡水湖之一，标志着冬季捕鱼的黄金季节的开始。oneof修饰形容词的最高级。故填largest。【37题详析】考查名词。句意：一年一度的艺术节将于明年2月28日结束，期间将举行20多项活动。activity“活动”是可数名词，空前有数词overtwenty“超过二十”修饰，故用其复数形式。故填activities。【38题详析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：一年一度的艺术节将于明年2月28日结束，期间将举行20多项活动。在非限制性定语从句中缺少主语的成分，先行词是theannualfestival。故填which。【39题详析】考查名词。句意：这项活动的亮点是滑雪比赛、观看大自然和冰龙舟比赛。分析句子可知这是三个并列的名词短语作句子的表语。故填competition。【40题详析】考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：到20世纪70年代末，由于干旱和过度捕捞，湖泊面积已减少到只有几十平方公里。当by构成的时间状语表示过去时，句子的谓语用过去完成时，thelake与cutdown是被动关系。故填hadbeencut。【41题详析】考查非谓语。句意：多亏了政府努力让查干湖恢复昔日的辉煌。此空用不定式作thegovernment'efforts的后置定语，故填torestore。【42题详析】考查连词。句意：湖面面积500平方公里，鱼类资源也已恢复。and可以连接两个并列句。故填and。【43题详析】考查非谓语。句意：今年到目前为止，该湖已经接待了180多万游客，比去年同期增长了29.4%。固定搭配becomparedwith“与……相比较”，句子的谓语是故填hasreceived，故填compared。【44题详析】考查动词。句意：查干湖冰上捕鱼的魅力在于保持了我们祖先的捕鱼文化的活力，并将其向前推进，用手在厚厚的冰上钻孔，并将渔网放入冰冷的水中捕鱼。and属于并列连词，连接两个并列的结构，and前的动词是keeping，所以and后也填动名词，共同作介词in的宾语。故填carrying。【45题详析】考查介词。句意：该技术已被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录。固定搭配belistedin“被列入……”故填in。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，上周五你班组织了一次参观自然历史博物馆的游学活动，请给你的新西兰笔友Lisa写一封邮件分享此事。内容包括：1.你的所见所闻；2.你的感受。注意：1.词数应为80个左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：讲解员docent标本specimen___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】DearLisa,LastFriday,ourclassvisitedtheNaturalHistoryMuseum,anditwasanamazingexperience!Wesawavarietyoffascinatingspecimens,includingdinosaurskeletonsandancientfossils.Aknow