江苏省泰州市2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题 含解析

2024~2025学年度第一学期高二期末调研测试英语试题(考试时间：120分钟总分：150分)注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考试号等填写在答题卡指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What’sthemantryingtobuy?A.Asofa.B.Atable.C.Achair.2.Whatisthemanprobablydoingforthewoman?A.Helpingherwiththeresearch.B.Updatinghercomputer.C.Fixingherphone.3.Whydoesthemanmainlyexercise?A.Towinacompetition.B.Tokeepingreatshape.C.Totrainsomeathletes.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Reading.B.Careerchoices.C.Schoolclasses.5.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Caremoreaboutothergroupmembers.B.Havemoreconversationswithher.C.Paymoreattentiontoherideas.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whereisthewomannow?A.Atashoeshop.B.AtSue’sparty.C.Athome.7.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Findaplacetopark.B.Drivetotheparty.C.Callataxi.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhatdothespeakersthinkofMatt?A.Hedoesn’tpaymuchattentiontoservices.B.Heisaniceandcleverbusinessman.C.Heiskindtoofferfreefood.9.Howmuchwillthewomanpayforhermealtonight?A.$10.B.$15.C.$20.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Coachandteammember.C.Assistantcoachandpossiblenewplayer.11.Whichschoolyearisthemanin?A.Thefirstyearofhighschool.B.Thelastyearofhighschool.C.Thefirstyearofuniversity.12.WhatisDanaofferingtheman?A.Achancetotrainprofessionally.B.Freeeducationinhighschool.C.Anagreementwithherfootballteam听第9段材料，回答第13全16题。13.WhichcountryisSamanthafrom?A.ColombiaB.TheU.S.C.Spain.14.HowwillSamanthaprobablylearnhernewlanguageskills?A.Bytravelingaroundtheworld.B.Bytakingweekendclasses.C.BypracticingwithPablo’sfamily.15.WhatwillSamantha’sdutiesmainlybe?A.Cookingandcleaning.B.Takingcareofthekids.C.Teachingthekidsahewlanguage.16.Whereistheconversationprobablytakingplace?A.AtPablo’shome.B.Inacar.C.Attheairport.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Wherecanthetalkbefound?A.Inamagazine.B.Onawebsite.C.inahotelbrochure.18.InwhichcitywasI.M.Peimostprobablyraised?A.Suzhou.B.Beijing.C.Shanghai.19.Whatisthespeaker’sfavoritebuilding?A.Acityhallbuilding.B.Abank’sofficebuilding.C.Aglassbuildinginamuseum.20.WhydoesthespeakerwriteaboutI.M.Pei?A.Towritedownhislongestrecordofhumanlife.B.Tohonorhislifeandimpactsafterhepassedaway.C.Toadmirehiscontributionsoninternationalrelations.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分42.5分)第一节(共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWithafatherwhoisachemistandamotherwhoisabiologistitseemednaturalforKelydratolearnhowtheworldworkedbydoingscienceexperiments.Kelydrawas15whenthebreakingnewscamethatachemicalcalledC8inhertown’swatersupplymightcausecancer.Kelydrawonderedwhatshecoulddotohelp.Likeanygoodscientist,shestartedbyresearchingtheproblem.WhatexactlywasC8?ShefoundoutthatC8,alsoknownasAPFO,isachemicalwithachainofeightcarbonatoms.Thischemicalhasshownupnotonlyindrinkingwaterbutalsointhebodiesofpeopleandanimals.Howmuchofthischemicalwasinthewatersupply?Infact,nobodyevenknewofaninexpensive,reliabletestthatcouldmeasuretheamountofAPFOinwater.SoKelydradecidedtoinventone.KelydralearnedthatwhenyoushakewatercontaminatedwithhighamountsofAPFO,thewatergetsfoamy(起泡沫的).ThemoreAPFOinthewater,themorefoamtherewillbe.Inthiswayshecouldcalculatethelevelofpollutantsoftheoriginalriverwatersample.Butshewantedtoknowmorethanthat.SoshestartedworkingonawaytoremoveAPFOfromthewater.Shefinallysucceededbyusingadevice,consistingofadrycellbatteryandtwoelectrodes(电极).Kelydradippedtheelectrodesinthewater.Then,inaspecificprocess,oneoftheelectrodesbecameanelectricallychargedtoolthatattractedtheAPFOinthewater.Kelydracouldthenremovetheelectrode,washitoff,andputitbackinthewatertodrawoutmoreofthechemical.Kelydrathenaddedanotheringredienttothewater:activatedcarbonwhichlookslikegrainsofblacksandandisusedinwaterfilters.Thecarbonfiltered(过滤)outevenmoreoftheAPFO.Kelydrarepeatedtheelectrosorptionandcarbon-filteringprocessuntilthewaterwascompletelyfreeofAPFO—andsafetodrink.1.WhatinspiredKelydratosolvetheproblem?A.Herextensiveknowledgeinchemistry.B.Herdeepconcernforthelocals’health.C.Hergreatpassionfordoingexperiments.D.Herfirmdesiretofollowherparents’path.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contaminated”inParagraph3mean?A.Cleaned. B.Polluted. C.Heated. D.Identified.3.WhydidKelydraaddactivatedcarbontothewater?A.Topurifythewater. B.Toremovethefoam.C.Tofilterthecarbon. D.Tochargetheelectrodes.4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesKelydra?A.Curiousandadventurous. B.Confidentandcheerful.C.Conservativeandcourageous. D.Innovativeandcommitted.【答案】1.B2.B3.A4.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了15岁女孩Kelydra发明了一种方法，可以去除水中有害化学物质C8。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Kelydrawas15whenthebreakingnewscamethatachemicalcalledC8inhertown’swatersupplymightcausecancer.Kelydrawonderedwhatshecoulddotohelp.(Kelydra15岁时，一则爆炸性新闻传开：她镇上供水系统中一种叫做C8的化学物质可能会导致癌症。Kelydra想知道她能做些什么来帮忙)”可推测出，Kelydra非常关心当地人的健康，所以才想要解决C8的问题。故选B。【2题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“achemicalcalledC8inhertown’swatersupplymightcausecancer(一种叫做C8的化学物质可能会导致癌症)”和第二段中的“C8,alsoknownasAPFO(C8，也被称为APFO)”可知，C8就是APFO，这是一种化学物质，可能会导致癌症，再结合画线词所在句中的“youshakewatercontaminatedwithhighamountsofAPFO”可推测出，这里指的是被大量APFO污染的水，contaminate意为“污染”，与pollute意思一致。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Kelydrathenaddedanotheringredienttothewater:activatedcarbonwhichlookslikegrainsofblacksandandisusedinwaterfilters.Thecarbonfiltered(过滤)outevenmoreoftheAPFO.(Kelydra随后在水中添加了另一种成分：活性炭，它看起来像黑沙粒，用于水过滤器。碳过滤掉了更多的APFO)”可知，活性炭用于水过滤器，它过滤掉了更多的APFO。由此可推测出，Kelydra添加活性炭是为了净化水质。故选A。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“SoKelydradecidedtoinventone.(所以Kelydra决定发明一个)”并结合下文Kelydra发明了净化水质的方法可知，Kelydra富有创造性。根据第二至最后一段内容可知，Kelydra通过科学研究，了解了C8的情况，并决定发明一种方法来测试水中APFO的数量，然后找方法来去除水中的APFO，由此可推测出，Kelydra是一个做事坚定的人。故选D。BChina’sChang’e-6missioncollected1,935.3gramsofsamplesfromthefarsideofthemoon,theChinaNationalSpaceAdministration(CNSA)announcedonJune28.China’sChang’e-6probecomprisesanorbiter,alander,anascenderandareturner.TheprobewaslaunchedonMay3,enteringitscircumlunarorbitonMay8.Thelander-ascendercombinationseparatedfromtheorbiter-teturnercombinationonMay30andthensuccessfullylandedatthedesignated(指定的)landingareaonthefarsideofthemoononJune2.ThespacecraftcollectedsamplesandtheascendercarryingthesamplesliftedofffromlunarsurfaceonJune4,dockedwiththeorbiter-returnercombinationinlunarorbit,andtransferredthesamplestothereturneronJune6.Afterseparatingfromtheorbiter,thereturnerofChang’e-6returnedtoEarthonJune25,bringingbacktheworld’sfirstsamplescollectedfromthemoon’sfarside,markingacompletesuccessforthemission.ThesamplesbroughtbackbyChang’e-6werestickiercomparedtoprevioussamples,withthepresenceofclumps(块).Theseareobservablecharacteristics.Previously,significantscientificachievementshavebeenmadethroughin-depthresearchonhelunarsamplesbroughtbackbytheChang’e-5mission.Researchershavepublishedmorethan80achievementsinimportantdomesticandinternationaljournals,includingthediscoveryofthenewlunarmineralChangesite-(Y),thesixthdiscoveredonthemoon,andthe“youngest”basalt(玄武岩)onthemoon,whichwasdeterminedtobeabouttwobillionyearsoldandextendedthe“life”oflunarvolcanism800-900millionyearslongerthanpreviouslyknown.BasedonthelunarsamplemanagementrulesreleasedbytheCNSAandtheexperienceindealingwiththeapplicationsforlunarsamplescollectedbytheChang’e-5mission,applicationsfortheChang’e-6samplesareexpectedtoopentodomesticresearchinstitutionsandscientistssoon.ToshareChina’slunarexplorationachievementswiththeinternationalcommunity,Chinawelcomesscientistsfromallcountriestosubmitapplicationsaccordingtorelevantprocedures.5.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Theachievementsinspaceexploration. B.ThedesignofChina’sChang’e-6probe.C.TheprocessofChina’sChang’e-6mission. D.Thesignificanceofcollectinglunarsamples.6.Whatachievementshavebeenmadeintheresearchonlunarsamples?A.MorenewmineralshavebeenfoundinChang’e-6samples.B.Changesite(Y)isthefirstmineraldiscoveredonthemoon.C.Lunarvolcanismisdeterminedtobe800-900millionyearsold.D.Itoffersvaluableinsightsintothemoon’searlygeologicalhistory.7.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Lunarsamplemanagementruleshavenotbeenreleased.B.TheChang’e-6samplesareaccessibletoscientistsworldwidefreely.C.Chang’e-6sampleshavebeengiventodomesticresearchinstitutions.D.Chinaiscommittedtoadvancinginternationalcooperationinlunarresearch.8.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Ablogpost. B.Afictionalstory. C.Anewsreport. D.Anacademicarticle.【答案】5.C6.D7.D8.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国嫦娥六号任务的过程以及带回的月球样本的价值。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“China’sChang’e-6probecomprisesanorbiter,alander,anascenderandareturner.TheprobewaslaunchedonMay3,enteringitscircumlunarorbitonMay8.Thelander-ascendercombinationseparatedfromtheorbiter-teturnercombinationonMay30andthensuccessfullylandedatthedesignated(指定的)landingareaonthefarsideofthemoononJune2.ThespacecraftcollectedsamplesandtheascendercarryingthesamplesliftedofffromlunarsurfaceonJune4,dockedwiththeorbiter-returnercombinationinlunarorbit,andtransferredthesamplestothereturneronJune6.Afterseparatingfromtheorbiter,thereturnerofChang’e-6returnedtoEarthonJune25,bringingbacktheworld’sfirstsamplescollectedfromthemoon’sfarside,markingacompletesuccessforthemission.(中国的嫦娥六号探测器由轨道飞行器、着陆器、上升器和返回器组成。该探测器于5月3日发射，5月8日进入绕月轨道。着陆器-上升器组合于5月30日与轨道器-探测器组合分离，并于6月2日成功降落在月球背面的指定着陆点。6月4日，“嫦娥四号”采集了月球表面的样本，携带样本的上升器从月球表面升空，与轨道飞行器-返回器组合对接，并于6月6日将样本转移至返回器。6月25日，嫦娥六号返回器与轨道飞行器分离后返回地球，带回了世界上第一个从月球背面采集的样本，标志着嫦娥六号任务的圆满成功)”可知，第二段主要讲了中国嫦娥六号任务的过程。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Researchershavepublishedmorethan80achievementsinimportantdomesticandinternationaljournals,includingthediscoveryofthenewlunarmineralChangesite(Y),thesixthdiscoveredonthemoon,andthe“youngest”basalt(玄武岩)onthemoon,whichwasdeterminedtobeabouttwobillionyearsoldandextendedthe“life”oflunarvolcanism800-900millionyearslongerthanpreviouslyknown.(研究人员在国内外重要期刊上发表了80多项成果，其中包括发现了月球上第6个新发现的月球矿物长叶岩(Y)，以及月球上“最年轻”的玄武岩，确定其年龄约为20亿年，使月球火山活动的“寿命”比以前已知的延长了8到9亿年)”可知，月球样本研究提供了对月球早期地质历史的宝贵见解。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ToshareChina’slunarexplorationachievementswiththeinternationalcommunity,Chinawelcomesscientistsfromallcountriestosubmitapplicationsaccordingtorelevantprocedures.(为与国际社会分享中国的探月成果，中方欢迎各国科学家按照有关程序提出申请)”可知，中国致力于推进月球研究国际合作。故选D。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“China’sChang’e-6missioncollected1,935.3gramsofsamplesfromthefarsideofthemoon,theChinaNationalSpaceAdministration(CNSA)announcedonJune28.(6月28日，中国国家航天局（CNSA）宣布，中国的嫦娥六号任务从月球背面收集了1,935.3克样本)”结合文章主要介绍了中国嫦娥六号任务的过程以及带回的月球样本的价值。可知，文章选自新闻报道。故选C。CKeepingupwiththelatestadvancesintechnology—particularlyAIandgenerativeAI(GenAI)—canbetough,evenfortechenthusiasts,butonenewdevelopmentfromOpenAIearlierthisyearreallycaughtourattention.ThecompanyintroducedanewversionofitsChatGPTchatbot—GPT-4—withanewfemale-soundingvoice.Theaccompanyinglaunchvideoshowcasedthemodel’sabilitytoassistuserswithtaskslikesolvingmathsproblemsandofferingpresentationtipswhilemaintainingafriendlyandcheerfultone.ThereisnodenyingthatAIdoeshelpeducatorsinmanyways.However,whenwegivehumancharacteristicstoAIwewillsoonrunintotroublingissues.Asisfeared,evidencehasnowstartedtoemergethatsomeyoungpeopleareshowingadesiretobefriendthesechatbots,goingtothemforadviceandemotionalsupport.TheseAItoolscanimitatehuman-likeconversations,buttheiroutputsarebasedonpatternsanddata.AnotherwidelypublicizeduseofGenAIisitsabilitytocreate“deepfakes”.Take,forexample,thecaseofonepersonarrestedforcreatingadeepfakeaudioclipofhisbossmakingruderemarks.TherecordingwentviralbeforeanyonerealizedthatAIhadbeenusedtogenerateit.Easy-to-usedeepfaketoolsarenowfreelyavailableand,incommonwithothervisualtoolsofthepast,canbeusedinappropriatelytocausedamageorevenbreakthelaw.Technologicaldevelopmentscausingunforeseennegativeconsequencesarenothingnew.Asaresult,educationhasanessentialroletoplayinhelpingpeoplebetterunderstandAItechnologiesandavoidrelateddangers.Oneapproachistonotfocuspurelyonthosethreatsanddangers,buttoteachyoungpeoplehowtobecriticalusersoftechnologies.PossessinganunderstandingofhowthosetechnologiesworkgoesalongwaytowardsachievingtheAI-relatedskillsneededtomakeinformedchoices.9.Whatistheconcernaboutyoungpeople’schatbotinteractions?A.Maintenanceofanemotionaltone.B.Imitationofhuman-likeconversations.C.Attachmenttothemforemotionalsupport.D.Relianceonthemformathsproblem-solving.10.Whydoestheauthormention“deepfakes”inParagraph3?A.ToillustratetheapplicationofAI.B.TocompareAIwithpastvisualtools.C.ToshowconcernforthemisuseofAI.D.TowarnagainsttheinflexibilityofAI.11.WhatcanbedonetohelppeopleavoidAI-relateddangers?A.PromotingthebenefitsofAItools.B.Assistinginmakinginformedchoices.C.EmphasizingthethreateningaspectsofAID.DirectingthecriticaluseofAItechnologies.12.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardAItechnologies?A.Negative. B.Favourable. C.Objective. D.Unclear.【答案】9.C10.C11.D12.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述OpenAI推出新ChatGPT引关注，AI虽有益但被赋予人性存隐患，教育应引导人们正确对待。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Asisfeared,evidencehasnowstartedtoemergethatsomeyoungpeopleareshowingadesiretobefriendthesechatbots,goingtothemforadviceandemotionalsupport.(正如人们所担心，现在已经开始有证据表明，一些年轻人表现出与这些聊天机器人交朋友的愿望，向它们寻求建议和情感支持。)”可知，年轻人与聊天机器人互动的问题在于他们依赖聊天机器人获取情感支持。故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Easy-to-usedeep-faketoolsarenowfreelyavailableand,incommonwithothervisualtoolsofthepast,canbeusedinappropriatelytocausedamageorevenbreakthelaw.(现在很容易就能获得易于使用的深度伪造工具，和过去的其他视觉工具一样，它们可能会被不当使用，从而造成损害甚至违法。)”可知，作者提到“深度伪造”是为了表明对人工智能被滥用的担忧。故选C项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Oneapproachistonotfocuspurelyonthosethreatsanddangers,buttoteachyoungpeoplehowtobecriticalusersoftechnologies.(一种方法是不要纯粹关注那些威胁和危险，而是教年轻人如何批判性地使用技术。)”可知，帮助人们避免人工智能相关危险的方法是指导人们批判性地使用人工智能技术。故选D项。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“ThereisnodenyingthatAIdoeshelpeducatorsinmanyways.However,whenwegivehumancharacteristicstoAIwewillsoonrunintotroublingissues.(不可否认，人工智能在很多方面确实帮助了教育工作者。然而，当我们赋予人工智能人类特征时，很快就会遇到麻烦的问题。)”可知，作者既承认人工智能有帮助的一面，也指出其存在问题，所以作者对人工智能技术的态度是客观的。故选C项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Onabusyworkday,yourlunchhourisacrucialopportunitytorechargeandsetapositivetonefortherestofyourday.Herearesomestrategiestomakethemostofthistime.GetmovingAbrief10-minuteworkoutcanmakeyouenergetic._____13_____.Forexamplestepoutsideandtakeawalkaroundtheblock,orwalktoyoursandwichinsteadofdrivingcars.Thislightexercisenotonlystretchesyourlegsandgetsyoureyesoffscreens,butalsoboostsyourmoodwithendorphins(内啡肽).Playcatchup_____14_____Sometimescatchingupwithanoldfriendorfamilymembercanbrightenyourdayandupliftyourspirits,providingarefreshingbreakfromwork.Sowhynotcombineawalkaroundtheblockwithacalltocatchupwithyourfriendsduringyourlunchhour?BatheinthesunAvoidthetemptationtoeatatyourdesk.Whenpossible,takeyourlunchoutsidetoenjoythesunandachangeofscenery.Batheinthesunandliftyourgazetothehorizoninsteadofyourphoneorcomputerscreen._____15_____Achangeofscenerycangiveyouthepoweryouneedthroughyourafternoonto-dolist.ChangeyourtoneUseyourlunchhourtotreatyoursenses.Asyoueatorgetactive,tryqueuingupyourfavoritemusicinyourfavoritepodcast.Ifyoufocusonthesametasksfortoolong,yourbrainwillbetired.Shiftgearsandtreatyourmindtosomemusicorstimulationoutsideofyourdailytasks.______16______Yourlunchhourisn’tjustaboutbeingpurelyfunctional.______17______Byengagingintheseactivities,youcanmaintainproductivityandendyourworkdaysatisfiedwithyourprogress.A.Thisshifthelpsyourelaxandrecharge.B.Boostthepowerofawell-spentlunchhour.CExercisecanhelpyoufeelgoodaboutyourself.D.Useyourlunchhourtoconnectwithlovedones.E.Itisessentialforbothphysicalandmentalhealth.F.Findwaystocombinelightexercisewithyourlunchhourroutine.G.Thebenefitsoftimespentrechargingoutsidearewell-documented.【答案】13.F14.D15.G16.A17.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍充分利用午餐时间的策略，包括适当运动、联系亲友、晒太阳、转换心情，以提升状态与工作效率。【13题详解】由上文“Abrief10-minuteworkoutcanmakeyouenergetic.(一次简短的10分钟锻炼可以让你精力充沛。)”及下文“Forexample,stepoutsideandtakeawalkaroundtheblock,orwalktoyoursandwichinsteadofdrivingcars.(例如，走出去绕着街区散步，或者步行去买三明治而不是开车。)”可知，上文提到锻炼能让人精力充沛，下文举例说明结合锻炼的具体方式，空格处应是关于将锻炼与午餐时间日常活动相结合的内容。而F项Findwaystocombinelightexercisewithyourlunchhourroutine.(想办法将轻度锻炼与你的午餐时间日常活动结合起来。)符合语境，引出下文具体例子。故选F项。【14题详解】由下文“Sometimescatchingupwithanoldfriendorfamilymembercanbrightenyourdayandupliftyourspirits,providingarefreshingbreakfromwork.(有时与老朋友或家人叙叙旧可以让你的一天变得愉快，振奋你的精神，从工作中得到一个清爽的休息。)”可知，此段强调利用午餐时间与亲朋好友联系，而D项Useyourlunchhourtoconnectwithlovedones.(利用午餐时间与所爱的人联系。)符合语境，作为段落主旨句，引出下文关于与亲朋好友联系好处的阐述。故选D项。【15题详解】由上文“Batheinthesunandliftyourgazetothehorizoninsteadofyourphoneorcomputerscreen.(沐浴在阳光下，将目光投向地平线，而不是手机或电脑屏幕。)”及下文“Achangeofscenerycangiveyouthepoweryouneedthroughyourafternoonto-dolist.(环境的改变能给你完成下午待办事项清单所需的力量。)”可知，上文提到在户外晒太阳，下文提到改变环境的好处，空格处应进一步说明在户外充电放松的好处，而G项Thebenefitsoftimespentrechargingoutsidearewell-documented.(在户外花时间充电的好处是有充分记录的。)符合语境，承上启下，连接上下文。故选G项。【16题详解】由上文“Shiftgearsandtreatyourmindtosomemusicorstimulationoutsideofyourdailytasks.(换挡，让你的大脑在日常任务之外享受一些音乐或刺激。)”可知，这里强调改变状态，让大脑享受不同事物，空格处应说明这种改变带来的好处，而A项Thisshifthelpsyourelaxandrecharge.(这种转变帮助你放松和充电。)符合语境，其中Thisshift指代上文提到的改变。故选A项。【17题详解】由上文“Yourlunchhourisn’tjustaboutbeingpurelyfunctional.(你的午餐时间不仅仅是纯粹功能性的。)”及下文“Byengagingintheseactivities,youcanmaintainproductivityandendyourworkdaysatisfiedwithyourprogress.(通过参与这些活动，你可以保持工作效率，并在工作日结束时对自己的进展感到满意。)”可知，上文指出午餐时间不只是功能性的，下文阐述参与前文提及活动对工作效率等方面的积极影响，这体现了午餐时间对身心状态的重要性。而E项Itisessentialforbothphysicalandmentalhealth.(它对身心健康都至关重要。)符合语境，说明午餐时间不仅有功能性作用，对身心同样关键，能更好地承上启下，连接上下文逻辑。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分37.5分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inmyyouth,Idreamtofwinningabigtrophy(奖杯)insportslikebaseballandkickball,butIoftenfeltinadequate.Asanadult,Iwasdeterminedtomaintaina(n)____18____lifestyle,andin2010I____19____astair-climbingchallenge.Thenin2019,Iattemptedanevenmorechallengingclimbingevent—theVerticalMileChallenge—climbingover28floorsfifteentimeswithinthreehours,butcramps(抽筋)slowedmedown,andIfinishedjust____20____thetimelimit.Ayearlater,at62,Ireturnedtothechallenge.Cramps____21____again,butthistime,fellowclimber,Jessica,offeredmeelectrolytesalt(电解质盐),whichhelped____22____thepain.Meanwhile,otherclimberswereshoutingwordsofencouragementwhentheypassedbyme.WhenImadeittothe____23____ofthelastlap,Ifelt___24___insideasIrealizedIwasgoingtomakeitdownintime.AsIapproachedthefirstfloor,Ithoughtoflastyear’sdisappointingendingandtheheartachethatsoon____25____me.Thistime,myheartwasdancingasI___26___thefinishinglinejustthirtysecondsbeforethetimelimit!Iwasmetwithcheersandhigh-fives,anda(n)_____27_____grouphugfromtwoclimberswhowitnessedmy_____28_____lastyear.Thinkingofthe_____29_____shownbysomanywhohadhelpedmereachmygoal,myemotionoverwhelmedme.My“megoal”hadsuddenlyturnedintoa“mevictory”,_____30_____mybeliefthatthere’smoreinsideusthanweknow,andwe’reeven_____31_____together.Andthatturnedouttobethe_____32_____trophyofall.18.A.stressful B.comfortable C.active D.passive19.A.appliedfor B.enteredfor C.madefor D.allowedfor20.A.within B.against C.by D.beyond21.A.struck B.eased C.restored D.withdrew22.A.tolerate B.promote C.relieve D.increase23.A.bottom B.top C.middle D.side24.A.delighted B.nervous C.calm D.afraid25.A.inspired B.motivated C.awakened D.consumed26.A.blocked B.limited C.covered D.crossed27.A.awkward B.ambitious C.lengthy D.brief28.A.embarrassment B.growth C.success D.disappointment29.A.sadness B.kindness C.pity D.respect30.A.contradicting B.shaking C.challenging D.confirming31.A.weaker B.rougher C.stronger D.luckier32.A.biggest B.slightest C.least D.slimmest【答案】18.C19.B20.D21.A22.C23.B24.A25.D26.D27.C28.D29.B30.D31.C32.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了一位作者在年轻时梦想在体育比赛中赢得奖杯，但总是感到自己能力不足。成年后，他决心保持积极的生活方式，并参加了楼梯攀登挑战。尽管在2019年的挑战中因抽筋而未能按时完成，但在2020年，他再次挑战并最终成功，这让他深刻体会到团队支持的力量。【18题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名成年人，我决心保持积极的生活方式，2010年我参加了一个楼梯攀登挑战。A.stressful压力的；B.comfortable舒适的；C.active积极的；D.passive被动的。根据下文“astair-climbingchallenge”可知，作者报名参加了一个楼梯攀爬比赛，说明他决心保持积极的生活方式，故选C项。【19题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一名成年人，我决心保持积极的生活方式，2010年我参加了一个楼梯攀登挑战。A.appliedfor申请；B.enteredfor参加；C.madefor走向；D.allowedfor允许。根据下文“astair-climbingchallenge”可知，作者参加了一项挑战，enterfor是参加的意思，符合语境，故选B项。【20题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：然后在2019年，我尝试了一个更具挑战性的攀登活动——垂直英里挑战赛——在三小时内攀登超过28层楼十五次，但抽筋减慢了我的速度，我刚好超出了时间限制。A.within在...之内；B.against反对；C.by通过；D.beyond超出。根据上文“butcramps(抽筋)slowedmedown”可知，作者抽筋了，所以最后超出了比赛的时间限制，故选D项。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一年后，我62岁时，我再次参加了挑战。抽筋再次发作，但这次，另一位攀登者，Jessica，给了我电解质盐，这有助于缓解疼痛。A.struck打击；疾病侵袭；B.eased缓解；C.restored恢复；D.withdrew撤回。根据上文“Cramps”可知，抽筋再次发作，strike有疾病突然发作的意思，符合语境，故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一年后，我62岁时，我再次参加了挑战。抽筋再次发作，但这次，另一位攀登者，Jessica，给了我电解质盐，这有助于缓解疼痛。A.tolerate容忍；B.promote促进；C.relieve缓解；D.increase增加。根据下文“thepain”可知，电解质盐有助于缓解抽筋带来的疼痛，故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我到达最后一圈的顶部时，我内心感到非常高兴，因为我意识到我将按时完成。A.bottom底部；B.top顶部；C.middle中间；D.side侧面。根据下文“asIrealizedIwasgoingtomakeitdownintime”可知，作者感觉到这次能完成比赛，说明他此时已经到最后一圈，这是他在最后一圈开始的地方进行的推测，故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我到达最后一圈的顶部时，我内心感到非常高兴，因为我意识到我将按时完成。A.delighted高兴的；B.nervous紧张的；C.calm冷静的；D.afraid害怕的。根据下文“asIrealizedIwasgoingtomakeitdownintime”可知，作者感觉这次能及时完成比赛，所以他感到高兴，故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我接近一楼时，我想到了去年令人失望的结局和随之而来的痛苦。A.inspired激励，启发；B.motivated激励，激发；C.awakened唤醒；D.consumed消耗；吞噬。根据上文“theheartache”可知，去年作者比赛失败了，这种心痛吞噬了作者，故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次，我的心在跳舞，因为我刚好在时间限制前30秒越过了终点线！A.blocked阻止；B.limited限制；C.covered覆盖；D.crossed穿过。根据上文“myheartwasdancing”及下文“thefinishingline”可知，作者非常开心，因为他越过了终点线，故选D项。27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我受到了欢呼和击掌，以及两名去年目睹我失望的登山者的长时间的集体拥抱。A.awkward尴尬的；B.ambitious有抱负的；C.lengthy长的；D.brief短暂的。根据上文“Iwasmetwithcheersandhigh-fives”和下文“grouphug”可知，作者的团队成功了，成功来之不易，比赛结束后的他们拥抱了很久，故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我受到了欢呼和击掌，以及两名去年目睹我失望登山者的长时间的集体拥抱。A.embarrassment尴尬；B.growth成长；C.success成功；D.disappointment失望。根据上文“3thetimelimit”和“Ithoughtoflastyear’sdisappointingendingandtheheartachethatsoon

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me.”可知，作者上次比赛超时了，这是令人失望的，所以大家目睹了去年作者的失望，故选D项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：想到许多帮助我实现目标的人所表现出的善意，我的情感一下子不受控制了。A.sadness悲伤；B.kindness善意；C.pity同情；D.respect尊重。根据下文“whohadhelpedmereachmygoal”可知，大家帮助作者达到目标，这是众人的善意，故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的“个人目标”突然变成了“个人胜利”，这证实了我的信念，即我们内心的力量比我们所知道的要多，而且我们在一起会更强大。A.contradicting矛盾；B.shaking摇晃；C.challenging挑战；D.confirming证实。根据下文“mybeliefthatthere’smoreinsideusthanweknow”可知，作者的成功证实了他的信念，故选D项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的“个人目标”突然变成了“个人胜利”，这证实了我的信念，即我们内心的力量比我们所知道的要多，而且我们在一起会更强大。A.weaker更弱的；B.rougher更粗糙的；C.stronger更强的；D.luckier更幸运的。根据上文“even”并结合语境可知，even是表示递进的概念，所以这里是表达众人聚在一起会更强大，故选C项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这最终成为了最大的奖杯。A.biggest最大的；B.slightest最微小的；C.least最少的；D.slimmest最细的。根据语境和下文“ofall”可知，作者成功了，在获得的所有奖杯中，这次的是最大的一次，其余选项不符合语境，故选A项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AseriesofthelatestarchaeologicaldiscoveriesinNorthChinarelatedtotheNeolthicHongshanculture,famous____33____itsdelicatejadeartifacts(手工艺品),havedrawnthepublic’sattention.Thesefindingswerehighlightedbysignificant____34____(phrase),suchas“thelargest”,“thefirsttime”,and“fillingtheresearchgap”.AccordingtotheInnerMongoliaInstituteofCulturalRelicsandArcheology,____35____conductedthearchaeologicalproject,Chinesearchaeologistsuncoveredacompletestonetomb____36____(date)backtothelateperiodofHongshanculture.Itisa____37____(represent)archaeologicalcultureofthemiddleandlateNeolithicperiodinChifeng.Hundredsofjadeartifacts,includingthelargestjadedragonoftheHongshanculture,____38____(unearth)sofar,coveringalmostalltypesofprehistoricalculture.Additionally,abuildingsitethatcombinestombsandsacrificialaltars(祭坛)wasdiscoveredforthefirsttime.Expertsnotedthatthediscoveryofthissiteis____39____(high)significantforgainingdeeperinsightsintothesocialstructures,organizationalmanagement,humanenvironmentrelationships,andjadeprocessingpracticesofthelateHong