辽宁省2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题【含答案解析】

2025届模拟02英语测试范围：学科内综合，共150分，考试时间120分钟。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wherewillthemangofirst?A.Hisschool.B.Thelibrary.C.Therestaurant.2.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.Ahat.B.Adog.C.Someflowers.3.Whatarethespeakersexpectedtodo?A.VisitAuntSmith.B.Attendanmeeting.C.Readaletter.4.Whenmaypeoplegotothebookstoreonweekends?A.At8:00a.m..B.At10:00a.m..C.At6:00p.m..5.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Brotherandsister.C.Classmates.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whowillgotothemuseumwiththeman?A.Hismother.B.Hismathsteacher.C.Hisclassmates.7.WhatwillthemandoonSunday?A.Seehisgrandma.B.Visitthemuseum.C.Goforamathstest.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhowillgetthegiftnextMonday?A.Maria.B.Clara.C.David.9.WhatdidRosegetforherbirthday?A.Acitypass.B.Abigfortune.C.Avisittotheuniversity.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10.Whydoesthemanapologizetothewoman?A.Hewillseethefilmalone.B.Hecan’tfinishthestoryontime.CHecan’tgotothetheatrewithher.11.WhatdoesJackdo?A.Awriter.B.Ajournalist.C.Ascientist.12.Whenwilltheconcerttakeplace?A.Tonight.B.Tomorrownight.C.Thisafternoon.13.WhatisJackworkingon?A.Abiography.B.Asciencefiction.C.Atravelblog.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theirplansfortheholiday.B.Theirbestmemoriesinschool.C.Theirattitudestothecomingholiday.15.WhatisJenifer’slistabout?A.Placessheoncewent.B.Thingsshewishestodo.C.Peopleshewillmeet.16.WhichplacedoesKevinwishtovisit?A.MountFuji.B.TheAmazon.C.MountTai.17.WhatdoesJeniferthinktheman’snextjourneywithAlex?A.Regretful.B.Uninteresting.C.Worthwhile.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howdidthestaffatthezoofeelaboutthebirthofthetwins?A.Excited.B.Astonished.C.Anxious.19.Whatcanbeknownaboutthetwins?A.Theyarethefirsttwinsinthezoo.B.Theyareattractivetopeopleathomeandabroad.C.Theyarecurrentlyfacingsomehealthproblems.20.HowmanychildrendoesCrustalhavenow?ASeven.B.Eight.C.Nine.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A4ReallyStrangeBeachesSandystretchesofgray,brownorevenwhitearetheworld’snorm.Evenrockybeachesorthosewithsheercliffsbarringpassageforeveryonesavethebravestadventurersarenotrare.Theseuniquebeachesaresomeofthebesttreatsnaturehastooffer.PapakoleaBeach,Hawaii,USAPapakōleaBeachisagreensandbeachlocatednearSouthPoint,intheKa’ūdistrictoftheislandofHawai’i.OneofonlytwogreensandbeachesintheWorld,theotherbeinginGalapagosIslands.PapakōleaBeachisassociatedwiththesouthwestrift(裂谷)ofMaunaLoa.Sinceitslasteruption,thecinderconehaspartiallycollapsedandbeenpartiallyswallowedbytheocean.SanAlfonsodelMarBeach,ChileThisbeachislocatedbetweenthelargestartificialpool.SanAlfonsodelMarBeachisanessentialpartoftheluxuriousresortofthesamename.Itseemsastrangespotfortheworld’slargestswimmingpool.Butthepool’sremarkablespaciousness(宽敞)complementstheoceanbeyondrathereffortlessly,andjumpinginthepool’s79℉(26℃)waterisamuchmoreattractiveprospectthanventuringintothe63℉(17℃)seawaternearby.MahoBeach,SintMaartenMahoBeachisabeachontheDutchsideoftheCaribbeanislandofSaintMartin,inthecountryofSintMaarten.ItisfamousforthePrincessJulianaInternationalAirportnexttothebeach.ArrivingaircraftmusttouchdownascloseaspossibletothebeginningofRunway10duetotheshortrunwaylengthof380metres,resultinginaircraftontheirfinalapproachflyingoverthebeachatminimalaltitude.OceanDome,JapanThisisanartificialbeachconstructedintheSeagaiaresonalongthecoastalhighwayoutsidethecityofMyazakiinJapanithasafullycontrolledindoorclimatethroughouttheyear.TheOceanDome,whichwasapopularpartoftheSheratonSeagaiaResort,measures300metersinlengthand100metersinwidth.1.WhathasPapakōleaBeachexperiencedinHawaii?A.Onemineral. B.Oneconnection.C.Onefiercerift. D.Onesevereoutbreak.2.What’sthemostexcitinginSanAlfonsodelMarBeach,Chile?A.Jumpingintothepool’swaterB.LearningtojumpwaterinthepoolC.BuildingaspaciousswimmingpoolD.Takingariskofswimminginthepool3.WhatdoMahoBeachandOceanDomehaveincommon?A.Theyliebesidegoodplacesbuilt. B.Theybothlieonanisland.C.Theyarebothartificialbeaches. D.Theyarebothwell-known.【答案】1D2.A3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个奇怪的海滩。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据PapakoleaBeach,Hawaii,USA部分中“ PapakōleaBeachisassociatedwiththesouthwestrift( 裂谷 )ofMaunaLoa.Sinceitslasteruption,thecinderconehaspartiallycollapsedandbeenpartiallyswallowedbytheocean.(Papakōlea海滩与MaunaLoa的西南裂谷有关。自上次喷发以来，煤渣锥部分坍塌，部分被海洋吞噬)”可推知，在夏威夷的Papakōlea海滩经历了一次严重的火山爆发。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据SanAlfonsodelMarBeach,Chile部分中“Butthepool’sremarkablespaciousness(宽敞)complementstheoceanbeyondrathereffortlessly,andjumpinginthepool’s79℉(26℃)waterisamuchmoreattractiveprospectthanventuringintothe63℉(17℃)seawaternearby.(游泳池宽敞的空间与远处的海洋完美地协调在一起，跳进水温为79℉（26℃）的游泳池比进入附近水温为63℉（17℃）的海水更加诱人。)”可知，在智利的SanAlfonsodelMar海滩最令人兴奋的事情之一就是跳进游泳池的水中。这个游泳池与海洋相比，非常宽敞，水温为79℉（26℃），比附近的海水温度低，63℉（17℃）。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据MahoBeach,SintMaarten部分中“MahoBeachisabeachontheDutchsideoftheCaribbeanislandofSaintMartin,inthecountryofSintMaarten. ItisfamousforthePrincessJulianaInternationalAirportnexttothebeach.

(Maho海滩是位于圣马丁岛荷兰一侧的海滩，位于圣马丁岛。它以海滩旁边的朱莉安娜公主国际机场而闻名。)”以及OceanDome,Japan部分中“ThisisanartificialbeachconstructedintheSeagaiaresonalongthecoastalhighwayoutsidethecityofMyazakiinJapanithasafullycontrolledindoorclimatethroughouttheyear.(这是一个人造海滩，建在日本宫崎市外沿海高速公路沿线的海海亚海岸，全年室内气候完全可控。)”可知，MahoBeach和OceanDome两个海滩都是在依偎在好的地方旁边而建。故选A。BAfterspendingherowntimeinthehospital,Katyhasfoundawaytobringjoytopatients.Over2yearsago,Katywasrecoveringfromspinalsurgery(脊柱手术).Thoughitdidaidinadjustingtheshapeofherspine,shestillspentmuchofhertimeinrecovery.Inarecentblog,hermotherclaimsmusichasprovidedthemosthealingforhercondition.Musicisbetterthananydrugwecouldevergiveher.Forthelastfewyearsshehastriedtofigureoutthebestwaytousehervoice.ShethenfoundoutMusiciansOnCallhasregularprogramsnearher,andimmediatelyappliedsoshecoulddeliverthehealingpowerofmusicjustasithealedher.Afterherfirstprogram,herspiritwasgettingbetterandbetter.“Shegaveafewlessonstonursesinthehallwayandmadeadoctorintoanewfan.”Whenthinkingaboutwhythismomentbroughtsomuchjoy,hermotherhadthistosay:Wehavebeenthere.Weknowthedaysthatturnintoweeksandseemtogoonforever.Katyknowshowmusiccanhealtheuncertaintyinthosedaysandthelonelinessofus.IthinkKatyhasfoundaplacetousehervoicetobringcomfort,tobringjoy,tomakeeventhetiniestofpatientsdance.SpecialthankstoKatyandhermotherforsharingtheirstoryontheirblog!Ifyou’reinterestedinhelpingdeliverthehealingpowerofmusic,wearecurrentlyseekingVolunteerGuidesandMusiciansinLasVegas,NewOrleans,Memphis,andDenver.YoucanstartyourVolunteerjourneybyfillingoutourapplicationtoday!4.WhendidKatyfindawaytobringjoytopatients?A.Afterhermotherwroteablog. B.Duringherrecoveryfromasurgery.C.Beforeshewasoperated. D.Whenherdoctorgaveherafewlessons.5.WhatkindoforganizationmightMusiciansOnCallbelongto?A.Aradiostation. B.Anetworkschool.C.Anetworkplatform. D.Apersonalblog.6.What’sthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A.Katybelongedtowhatkindofperson.B.WhatwasKaty’sfavoriteprogramme.C.Katy’smotherplayedanimportantroleinKaty’slife.D.MusicplayedanimportantpartinKaty’slife.7.What’stheattitudeoftheauthortowardsKaty’saction?A.Positive. B.Negative. C.Passive. D.Opposite.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了凯蒂在手术恢复期间通过音乐找到一种给病人带来快乐的方法，并介绍了她如何通过音乐帮助自己和他人。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Afterspendingherowntimeinthehospital,Katyhasfoundawaytobringjoytopatients.(在医院度过了自己的时间后，凯蒂找到了一种给病人带来快乐的方法。)”以及第二段中“Over2yearsago,Katywasrecoveringfromspinalsurgery(脊柱手术).(两年前，凯蒂刚从脊柱手术中恢复过来。)”和“Forthelastfewyearsshehastriedtofigureoutthebestwaytousehervoice.(在过去的几年里，她一直在努力寻找最好的方式来使用她的声音。)”可知，凯蒂是在从脊柱手术中恢复的过程中（Duringherrecoveryfromasurgery）找到了给病人带来快乐的方法。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“ShethenfoundoutMusiciansOnCallhasregularprogramsnearher,andimmediatelyappliedsoshecoulddeliverthehealingpowerofmusicjustasithealedher.(后来，她发现身边有定期举办的MusiciansOnCall节目，于是她立即申请了这个项目，这样她就可以像音乐治愈自己一样，传递音乐的治愈力量。)”以及最后一段中“Ifyou’reinterestedinhelpingdeliverthehealingpowerofmusic,wearecurrentlyseekingVolunteerGuidesandMusiciansinLasVegas,NewOrleans,Memphis,andDenver.YoucanstartyourVolunteerjourneybyfillingoutourapplicationtoday!(如果你有兴趣帮助传递音乐的治愈力量，我们目前正在拉斯维加斯，新奥尔良，孟菲斯和丹佛寻找志愿者导游和音乐家。您可以通过填写我们的申请表开始您的志愿者之旅！)”可知，MusiciansOnCall有定期的项目，并且在多个城市招募志愿者，还可以通过填写申请表开启志愿之旅，由此推测MusiciansOnCall可能属于一个网络平台（Anetworkplatform）。故选C项。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Afterherfirstprogram,herspiritwasgettingbetterandbetter.“Shegaveafewlessonstonursesinthehallwayandmadeadoctorintoanewfan.”Whenthinkingaboutwhythismomentbroughtsomuchjoy,hermotherhadthistosay:Wehavebeenthere.Weknowthedaysthatturnintoweeksandseemtogoonforever.Katyknowshowmusiccanhealtheuncertaintyinthosedaysandthelonelinessofus.IthinkKatyhasfoundaplacetousehervoicetobringcomfort,tobringjoy,tomakeeventhetiniestofpatientsdance.(第一个节目之后，她的精神越来越好。“她在走廊上给护士们上了几堂课，还把一个医生变成了她的新粉丝。”当想到为什么这一刻会带来如此多的快乐时，她的母亲这样说：我们也经历过。我们知道一天变成一周，似乎永远不会结束。凯蒂知道音乐如何治愈那些日子里的不确定性和我们的孤独。我认为凯蒂已经找到了一个地方，用她的声音带来安慰，带来快乐，甚至让最小的病人跳舞。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是音乐在凯蒂的生活中扮演了重要的角色。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“SpecialthankstoKatyandhermotherforsharingtheirstoryontheirblog!Ifyou’reinterestedinhelpingdeliverthehealingpowerofmusic,wearecurrentlyseekingVolunteerGuidesandMusiciansinLasVegas,NewOrleans,Memphis,andDenver.YoucanstartyourVolunteerjourneybyfillingoutourapplicationtoday!(特别感谢凯蒂和她妈妈在博客上分享她们的故事！如果你有兴趣帮助传递音乐的治愈力量，我们目前正在拉斯维加斯，新奥尔良，孟菲斯和丹佛寻找志愿者导游和音乐家。您可以通过填写我们的申请表开始您的志愿者之旅！)”可知，作者特别感谢凯蒂和她妈妈分享故事，并且鼓励人们像凯蒂一样通过填写申请表成为志愿者来传递音乐的治愈力量，说明作者对凯蒂的行为持积极的（Positive）态度。故选A项。CTheoceansplayacrucialroleinlighteningglobalwarmingbyabsorbingcarbondioxideemissions.However,inastudyconductedbytheUniversityofTexas,researchersfoundthattheoceans’capacitytoabsorbcarbondioxide(CO₂)wouldreachitsmaximumby2100anddecreasetohalfofitscurrentefficiencyby2300,basedonaclimatesimulationthatwassetforaworst-caseemissionsscenario(设想).Thedeclinehappensbecauseofasurfacelayeroflow-alkalinity(碱度)waterthathinderstheabilityoftheoceanstoabsorbCO₂.AlkalinityaffectshowmuchCO₂candissolveinseawater.Althoughtheemissionsscenariousedinthestudyisunlikelybecauseofglobaleffortstolimitgreenhousegasemissions,thefindingsrevealapreviouslyunknowntippingpointthatifactivatedwouldreleaseanimportantbrakeonglobalwarming.“Weneedtothinkabouttheseworst-casescenariostounderstandhowourCO₂emissionsmightaffecttheoceansnotjustthiscentury,butnextcenturyandthefollowingcentury,”saidMegumiChikamoto,wholedtheresearchattheUniversityofTexasInstitute.ClimatesimulationshadpreviouslyshownthattheoceansslowtheirabsorptionofCO₂overtime,butnonehadconsideredalkalinityasanexplanation.Theresearchersrecalculatedpiecesofa450-yearsimulationuntiltheyhitonalkalinityasakeycauseoftheslowing.Theeffectbeginswithextremeclimatechange,whichslowsoceancurrents.Thisleavesthesurfaceoftheoceanscoveredinawarmlayeroffreshwaterthatwon’tmixeasilywiththecooler,morealkalinewatersbelowit.Thatmeansmoreofitisleftbehindintheatmosphere.Thisinturnproducesfasterwarming,whichsustainsandstrengthensthelow-alkalinitysurfacelayer.Co-author,PedroDiNczio,saidthatthediscoverywasapowerfulreminderthattheworldneedstoreduceitsCO₂emissionstoavoidcrossingthisandothertippingpoints.8.Whatmayhappenaftertheyear2300?A.MoreCO₂isabsorbedbytheoceans.B.Theoceansloseallitscurrentefficiency.C.Theworldfacesevenmoreseverewarming.D.Theoceansarelesscrucialtoglobalwarming.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hinders”inParagraph2mean?A.Improves. B.Weakens. C.Prevents. D.Controls.10.WhatdoesMegumiChikamotosayabouttheoceans?A.FindingwhytheyslowCO₂intakewashard.B.Theywilldecideonthefutureofhumanbeings.C.TheywillslowdownCO₂absorptiongradually.D.TheirabilitytoabsorbCO₂isatitsmaximum.11.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Abiologytextbook. B.Agovernmentreport.C.Amarinefiction. D.Anenvironmentaljournal.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了海洋通过吸收二氧化碳排放，在缓解全球变暖方面发挥着至关重要的作用。但根据一项研究，海洋吸收二氧化碳的能力将在2100年达到最大值，到2300年减少到目前效率的一半。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,inastudyconductedbytheUniversityofTexas,researchersfoundthattheoceans’capacitytoabsorbcarbondioxide(CO₂)wouldreachitsmaximumby2100anddecreasetohalfofitscurrentefficiencyby2300,basedonaclimatesimulationthatwassetforaworst-caseemissionsscenario(设想).(然而，在德克萨斯大学进行的一项研究中，研究人员发现，根据设定的最坏排放情景的气候模拟，海洋吸收二氧化碳（CO2）的能力将在2100年达到最大值，到2300年减少到目前效率的一半。)”以及第二段“Althoughtheemissionsscenariousedinthestudyisunlikelybecauseofglobaleffortstolimitgreenhousegasemissions,thefindingsrevealapreviouslyunknowntippingpointthatifactivatedwouldreleaseanimportantbrakeonglobalwarming.(尽管由于全球限制温室气体排放的努力，研究中使用的排放情景不太可能出现，但研究结果揭示了一个以前未知的临界点，如果激活，将对全球变暖起到重要的抑制作用。)”可知，到2300年海洋吸收二氧化碳的能力会降至目前效率的一半，而海洋吸收二氧化碳是缓解全球变暖的重要因素，其吸收能力下降会导致世界面临更严重的变暖（Theworldfacesevenmoreseverewarming）。故选C项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词句中“Thedeclinehappensbecauseofasurfacelayeroflow-alkalinity(碱度)waterthat…theabilityoftheoceanstoabsorbCO₂.(这种下降是因为表层的低碱度水……海洋吸收二氧化碳的能力。)”以及第二段中“AlkalinityaffectshowmuchCO₂candissolveinseawater.(碱度会影响海水中二氧化碳的溶解量。)”可知，碱度会影响二氧化碳在海水中的溶解量，而表层的低碱度水导致了海洋吸收二氧化碳能力的下降，所以“hinders”意思是“削弱（Weakens）”海洋吸收二氧化碳的能力。C选项“Prevents.”（阻止），“hinder”强调的是削弱、阻碍，而不是完全阻止。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“ClimatesimulationshadpreviouslyshownthattheoceansslowtheirabsorptionofCO₂overtime,butnonehadconsideredalkalinityasanexplanation.Theresearchersrecalculatedpiecesofa450-yearsimulationuntiltheyhitonalkalinityasakeycauseoftheslowing.(先前的气候模拟表明，随着时间的推移，海洋对二氧化碳的吸收会减慢，但没有人认为碱度是一个解释。研究人员重新计算了450年模拟的片段，直到他们发现碱度是减缓的关键原因。)”可知，之前的气候模拟显示海洋吸收二氧化碳的速度会随时间减慢，但没有考虑碱度这个因素，研究人员重新计算了450年的模拟数据才发现碱度是吸收减慢的关键原因，说明找到海洋吸收二氧化碳速度减慢的原因是困难的（FindingwhytheyslowCO₂intakewashard）。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Theoceansplayacrucialroleinlighteningglobalwarmingbyabsorbingcarbondioxideemissions.However,inastudyconductedbytheUniversityofTexas,researchersfoundthattheoceans’capacitytoabsorbcarbondioxide(CO₂)wouldreachitsmaximumby2100anddecreasetohalfofitscurrentefficiencyby2300,basedonaclimatesimulationthatwassetforaworst-caseemissionsscenario.(海洋通过吸收二氧化碳排放，在缓解全球变暖方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，在德克萨斯大学进行的一项研究中，研究人员发现，根据设定的最坏排放情景的气候模拟，海洋吸收二氧化碳（CO2）的能力将在2100年达到最大值，到2300年减少到目前效率的一半。)”可知，文章主要讲述了关于海洋吸收二氧化碳能力的研究，发现到2300年海洋吸收二氧化碳的能力会下降，以及这种下降的原因和影响，这与环境问题相关，所以这篇文章可能来自一本环境杂志（Anenvironmentaljournal）。故选D项。DBillGatesoncesaid,“Ichoosealazypersontodoahardjob,becausealazypersonwillfindaneasywaytodoit.”Ifthefactthatthesewordswerefromoneofthemostfinanciallysuccessfuipeopleinhumanhistorydoesn’ttellyousomething,I’mnotsurewhatwill.Howoftendoyoufollowapathinapark,onlytoseethegrasshasbeentrampledonbysomanycorner-cuttersthatit’sformeditsownlittleshortcut?Theselittleshortcutsarecalled“desirepaths,”astheybasicallytelltheworldthatthesearepeoplewhowouldrathergothewaytheywantratherthanthewayotherswantthemto.Wedon’talwaysneedtomakethingsunnecessarilyhardforourselves.Afterall,takingshortcutsisn’talwaysabadthinginlife.Manyofthegreatestinventionsaretheby-productsofsomeonesimplywantingtofindaquickerwaytodothings.Youcanbesurethatthebicyclewasinventedbysomeonewhowassickofwalking,nottomentiontheinventionofthewheelprobablycameaboutaftersomeonedidn’twanttocarryeverythinganymore.Inanagewheresavingenergyisnotonlyencouragedbutsomethingweallneedtoincorporatemoreintoourlives,thesearethepeopleweshouldbeworkingtowards.Fromfindingabetterwaytogoaboutagiventaskinworktofiguringoutaquickerroutehome,itallcomesbacktotheideaofworkingsmarterbeingbetterthanworkingharder.Ifyourmindhasworkedoutawaytomakethingseasierforyourselfandgetthejobdonequicklythengoaheadanddoit.12.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofwhatBillGatessaid?A.Ridiculous. B.Unreasonable. C.Believable. D.Questionable.13.Whydocorner-cutterstrampleonthegrass?A.Theyareafraidofbeingleftbehind.B.Theyprefertofindanewwaytheylike.C.Theyjustwanttofollowothers’desirepaths.D.Theyareaccustomedtobeingdifferentfromothers.14.Whichofthefollowingisadvisedbytheauthor?A.Takeshortcutsonlywhenitisnecessary.B.Avoidpeoplewholiketotakeshortcuts.C.Alwaysmakethingshardforimprovement.D.Assesstheeffectoftakingshortcutsproperly.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.WorkSmarter,NotHarder B.LearnfromSuccessfulPeopleC.LoveOurParks,LoveOurLife D.FindOutOurOwnDesirePaths【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要讨论了生活中总会有一些走捷径的人，他们很多时候可以让我们的工作和生活更高效，即我们要聪明地工作，而不是努力工作。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Ifthefactthatthesewordswerefromoneofthemostfinanciallysuccessfulpeopleinhumanhistorydoesn’ttellyousomething,I’mnotsurewhatwill.(如果这些话出自人类历史上经济上最成功的人之一还不能说明什么，我不确定还有什么能说明什么。)”可知，作者认为如果这些话来自人类历史上最成功的富人之一（比尔・盖茨）都不能让你有所感悟的话，那就不知道还有什么能做到了，说明作者认为比尔・盖茨说的话是可信的（Believable）。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Howoftendoyoufollowapathinapark,onlytoseethegrasshasbeentrampledonbysomanycorner-cuttersthatit’sformeditsownlittleshortcut?Theselittleshortcutsarecalled“desirepaths,”astheybasicallytelltheworldthatthesearepeoplewhowouldrathergothewaytheywantratherthanthewayotherswantthemto.(你有多少次沿着公园里的一条小路走下去，却发现那片草地被太多的抄近路的人践踏，以至于形成了一条自己的小捷径？这些小捷径被称为“欲望之路”，因为它们基本上告诉世界，这些人宁愿走自己想走的路，也不愿走别人想让他们走的路。)”可知，抄近路的人践踏草地是因为他们宁愿走自己想走的路（prefertofindanewwaytheylike），而不是走别人希望他们走的路。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Wedon’talwaysneedtomakethingsunnecessarilyhardforourselves.Afterall,takingshortcutsisn’talwaysabadthinginlife.Manyofthegreatestinventionsaretheby-productsofsomeonesimplywantingtofindaquickerwaytodothings.(我们不需要总是给自己制造不必要的困难。毕竟，在生活中走捷径并不总是坏事。许多伟大的发明都是一些人想要找到一种更快的做事方式的副产品。)”以及第四段中“Ifyourmindhasworkedoutawaytomakethingseasierforyourselfandgetthejobdonequicklythengoaheadanddoit.(如果你已经想出了一个让事情变得更容易、更快完成工作的方法，那就去做吧。)”可知，作者认为我们不总是要把事情弄得不必要的困难，走捷径并不总是坏事，很多伟大发明都是人们想找更快做事方法的副产品，如果你想出了让事情更简单且能快速完成工作的方法就去做，说明作者建议要正确评估走捷径的效果（Assesstheeffectoftakingshortcutsproperly）。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“Fromfindingabetterwaytogoaboutagiventaskinworktofiguringoutaquickerroutehome,itallcomesbacktotheideaofworkingsmarterbeingbetterthanworkingharder.(从找到更好的方法完成工作任务到找到更快的回家路线，这一切都归结为聪明地工作比努力地工作更好。)”可知，文章开篇引用比尔・盖茨的话，接着通过公园里人们走捷径形成“欲望之路”的例子，说明走捷径并不总是坏事，很多伟大发明都是人们想找更快捷做事方法的结果，最后强调在工作和生活中要找到更聪明的做事方法，而不是更努力地做事，所以A选项“WorkSmarter,NotHarder”（更聪明地工作，而不是更努力地工作）作为标题最合适。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Pickingupafteryourdogisinteresting,butitmustbedone.Mostdogownersunderstandtheimportanceofpickinguptheirdogs’waste,soitcanbeespeciallyfrustratingtoseedogownersthatobviouslyrefusetoperformthisduty.____16____,butbyaskingthemtherightway,informingthemoftherisksandconsequencesofnotpickingupaftertheirdogs,andprovidingthemwiththerightcollectiontools,youmaybeabletogetthemtochangetheirways.Askthemdirectly.Talkingtoanotherdogowneraboutpickinguptheirdogs’wastecanbeuncomfortable.However,askingtheownerdirectlytopickupaftertheirdogwilloftenworktofixtheproblem.____17____.Maybetheythinknoonenoticesorthattheiractionsdon’tdirectlyaffectthosearoundthem.Askingthepersondirectlyletsthemknowyou,andothers,havenoticedtheiractionsandarebeingaffectednegativelybythem.Useafriendlytone.Althoughyouareprobablyfedupandmadatadogownerthatisn’tcleaningupaftertheirdog,approachtheminafriendlymanner.Yellingatthemmaymakethemdefensiveandangry.____18____.Givethemareason.It’spossiblethispersondoesn’trealizehowtheirneglectinpickingupaftertheirdogisnegativelyaffectingthosearoundthem.____19____,givethemareasonwhyyouwantthemtodoso.____20____.Whenfacingsomeoneonthisissue,don’texaggerate(夸大)thetruthormakeupreasonstheyshouldcomplywithyourrequest.Behonestwiththemaboutwhyyouwantthemtopickupaftertheirdogandwhatcouldhappeniftheydon’t.A.BehonestB.RaisesomedogsC.IfyouwanttohelpthemtosweeptheirwasteD.Andtheywilllikelydomoreharmthangood,tooE.Whenyouaskthemtopickuptheirdogs’wasteF.Therearemanyreasonspeopledon’tpickupaftertheirdogsG.Figuringouthowtoconvincetheseownerstochangetheirwayscanbedifficult【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.E20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了四种策略来解决狗主人不清理宠物排泄物的问题：直接询问、友好态度、提供理由和保持诚实。通过这些策略，可以有效地鼓励狗主人改变不良行为。【16题详解】根据前文“Mostdogownersunderstandtheimportanceofpickinguptheirdogs’waste,soitcanbeespeciallyfrustratingtoseedogownersthatobviouslyrefusetoperformthisduty.(大多数狗主人都明白捡狗屎的重要性，所以看到狗主人明显拒绝履行这一职责时，会特别令人沮丧。)”以及后文“butbyaskingthemtherightway,informingthemoftherisksandconsequencesofnotpickingupaftertheirdogs,andprovidingthemwiththerightcollectiontools,youmaybeabletogetthemtochangetheirways.(但是，通过询问他们正确的方式，告知他们不收拾狗屎的风险和后果，并为他们提供正确的收集工具，你可能能够让他们改变自己的方式。)”可知，此处强调让狗主人明白捡拾狗屎的重要性，可是有时候狗主人会明显拒绝这个行为。G选项“Figuringouthowtoconvincetheseownerstochangetheirwayscanbedifficult(弄清如何说服这些主人改变他们的方式可能很困难)”中的theseowners指代前文的大多数拒绝收拾狗屎的主人，同时该选项与后文but构成转折，即虽然说服这些狗主人改变他们的方式可能很困难，可是通过正确的方式是可以让他们改变的。故该选项符合语境。故选G。【17题详解】根据后文“Maybetheythinknoonenoticesorthattheiractionsdon’tdirectlyaffectthosearoundthem.

(也许他们认为没有人注意到，或者他们的行为不会直接影响到周围的人。)”可知，此处强调，可能很多狗主人认为没有人注意到，或者他们的行为不会直接影响到周围的人，所以这些狗主人就不会收拾狗的粪便，此处解释了狗主人不收拾粪便的原因。F选项“Therearemanyreasonspeopledon’tpickupaftertheirdogs(人们不收拾狗狗的粪便有很多原因)”引起下文，人们不收拾狗狗的粪便有很多原因，符合语境。故选F。【18题详解】根据前文“Yellingatthemmaymakethemdefensiveandangry.

(对他们大喊大叫可能会让他们产生抵触情绪和愤怒。)”可知，此处强调不要对狗主人们大喊大叫去解决问题，这样容易产生抵触情绪。后文应该承接这样做的其他后果。D选项“Andtheywilllikelydomoreharmthangood,too(而且它们也可能弊大于利)”承接前文，指出大喊大叫的解决方式会弊大于利，导致事情更糟糕。符合语境。故选D。【19题详解】根据后文“givethemareasonwhyyouwantthemtodoso.(给他们一个你想让他们这么做的理由。)”可知，此处强调让狗主人清理狗屎的话，需要给他们一个想让他们做的理由。E选项“Whenyouaskthemtopickuptheirdogs’waste(当你让他们捡起狗的粪便时)”可知，当你要让狗主人捡狗屎的时候，需要给他们一个想让他们做的理由。该选项中pickuptheirdogs’waste与后文的so形成呼应，符合语境。故选E。【20题详解】本空为本段段旨，根据后文“Whenfacingsomeoneonthisissue,don’texaggerate(夸大)thetruthormakeupreasonstheyshouldcomplywithyourrequest.(在这个问题上面对别人时，不要夸大事实或编造他们应该遵守你的要求的理由。)”可知，此处强调在与狗主人沟通的时候，不要夸大事实或者编造理由，而是要强调符合事实即要诚实。A选项“Behonest(要诚实)”概括本段段旨，符合语境，故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Trueinnovatorsoftenhavetheabilitytoturnaproblemforsomeintoasolutionformany.OmarVazquezgrewupin____21____onMexico’sYucatánpeninsula.He____22____hisparentsstruggletoputfoodonthetable,andtodaythememoryinspireshimtohelpthoseinneed.Whenaninvasiveseaweedcalledsargassum____23____onCaribbeanbeaches,Omarlookedpastthetroubleofitallandsawa(n)____24____tohelpothers.Sargassumisnotdangerous,butitsmellslikesewage(污物)andcanbecomeso____25____thatitkeepspeoplefromenteringthewater.Infact,ithas____26____itswaytoFlorida’sbeachesaswell.Withtourismdollarsatrisk,officialsandlocalsalikewere____27____togetridofthealgae(海藻),butonlyOmarsawitstruepotential.Theprofessionalgardenerorganizedabeach____28____thatprovidedjobsforabout300localfamilies,butheknewtherewasmoretodo.Omarfoundawaytoturnsargassumintobuildingblocksthathe____29____Sargablock.Hemixedsargassumwithothermaterials,thenputtingtheminablock-formingmachineandbakingtheminthesun_____30_____fordays.Theend_____31_____isanorganicbuildingmaterialthatcould_____32_____for120years.Todate,Omar’scompanyhas_____33_____700tonsofsargassumtobuildlow-incomehousing.Oneofthefirst_____34_____Omarbuiltwasanewofficespaceforhisnurserybusiness.He_____35_____ittolookjustlikehisgrandparents’home,andhenameditafterhismother,Angelita.21.A.need B.pain C.poverty D.business22.A.made B.watched C.heard D.felt23.A.wenton B.tookover C.gaveout D.showedup24.A.opportunity B.invitation C.reminder D.warning25.A.poisonous B.thick C.complex D.confusing26.A.lost B.missed C.made D.created27.A.keen B.content C.worried D.disappointed28.A.sale B.tour C.ride D.cleanup29.A.defines B.considers C.calls D.produces30.A.continuously B.patiently C.tirelessly D.entirely31.A.cause B.result C.subject D.feature32.A.wait B.apply C.stand D.last33.A.used B.mixed C.produced D.purchased34.A.companies B.materials C.buildings D.sources35.A.needed B.designed C.intended D.allowed【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.B26.C27.A28.D29.C30.A31.B32.D33.A