江西省2024年高考英语精准预测卷01（新高考九省卷）-英语（全解全析版）

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页2024年高考精准预测卷01【新高考九省卷】英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．HowwillthewomancontactJohn?A．Byphone. B．Byemail. C．Inperson.【答案】B【原文】W:Hello,thisisMargaretShawspeaking.CanyouputmethroughtoJohnplease?M:I’msorrybuthehasjustlefttheoffice.Heshouldbeintomorrowifyouwanttocallback.Wouldyouliketoleaveamessageforhim?W:No,that’sokay.Iwillemailhiminstead.2．WhenwillthespeakersmeetonThursday?A．At3:30p.m. B．At4:00p.m. C．At4:10p.m.【答案】C【原文】W:ProfessorReed,Ihavesomequestionsaboutthefinalexam.AreyouavailableatthreethirtyonThursdayafternoon?M:Iwillbeatameetingthenanditwon’tfinishuntilfouro’clock.TheearliesttimeIcanmeetyouisfourten.Wouldthatworkforyou?W:Yes.Iwillseeyouthen.3．WhywillKathycallAnne?A．Toexpressthanks. B．Tolookforahelper. C．Togivesomeinformation.【答案】B【原文】M:Kathy,wehavethreelargegroupscominginfordinneratseveno'clockandMeganisinhospital.Doyouknowifanyisavailabletonighttocomeinandwaittables?W:I'mnotsure,butIcancallherandfindout.4．Wherewilltheconferenceprobablybeheld?A．InPittsburgh. B．InAtlanta. C．InKansasCity.【答案】A【原文】M:Haveyoudecidedwheretoholdtheconference?W:Notyet,butwehaveonlythreechoices.Pittsburghisthecheapest.KansasCityismorecentral.AndAtlantahasbetterweatheratthattimeofyear.M:Thatistrue.Butatthemomentweshouldfocusonkeepingcostsdown.5．WhatdoesMikeplantodotonight?A．Watchamovie.B．Attendameeting.C．Workonhispresentation.【答案】C【详解】W:Mike,wouldyoulovetogooutforamoviewithustonight?M:I’dloveto,butIhaveanimportantmeetingtomorrow,soIhavetopreparemypresentationalldaytoday.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6．Whywillthespeakershaveameeting?A．Toimprovetheproject. B．Tocheckaproject. C．Toconfirmthedesign.7．Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A．At8:00,Friday. B．At9:00,Friday. C．At9:00,Tuesday.【答案】6．A7．B【原文】M:I'mnotsureifthatprojectworks.YouknowKim,Ithinkweshouldhaveameetingaboutimprovingit.W:Sure.AreyouFreeonThursday?M:Letmejustcheckmydiary.Sorry.IambusyonThursday.IsFriday,okay?W:Yes.Howabout9o'clock?M:Yes,9o'clockisfine.Yourofficeormine?W:OhI'llcometoyouroffice,ifyoulike.M:SeeyouonFridayat9:00inmyoffice.W:Ok,seeyouthen.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8．Wheredoesthewomanlive?A．InApartment205. B．InApartment305. C．InApartment503.9．Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A．Herfridgedoesn’tworkagain.B．Herairconditionerisoutoforder.C．Shedoesn’tknowhowtocook.【答案】8．B9．B【原文】M:Hello.W:Hello.misterWarner.ThisisLucyLocke.M:AhmissLocke.inapartment205?W:No.inapartment305.M:Ohyes,whatcanIdoforyou?Doesyourfridgeneedfixingagain?W:No,it’stheairconditionerthistime.M:Ohsowhat’swrongwithit?W:WellIthinkthetemperaturecontrolneedstobechecked.Itdoesn’tcooldownatall.M:Really?okay,I’llgotolookatitrightaway.W:Thanksalot,Mr.Warner.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10．Whatwaswrongwiththewoman’scar?A．Itwasonfire. B．Itgaveoutaterriblenoise. C．Itsenginesmoked.11．Whereisthewoman?A．Inacarpark. B．Inagarage. C．Ontheroad.12．Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A．Hireacar. B．Driveatruck. C．Ringherfriend.【答案】10．C11．B12．C【原文】M:Canyoutellmewhathappened?W:Yeah,Iwasjustdrivinghomeasusual,andmyenginestartedsmoking.M:Thatsoundsscary.Whathappenednext?W:Thenmycarstoppedrunning.Ijustmadeittothesideoftheroadbeforeitbrokedown.M:Okay?wellyou’dbetterfindarescuetrucktobringyourcarhere.I’lltakealookandseewhat’swrongwithit.W:Thatsoundsgood.M:Inthemeaningtimeyoucancallyourfriendtopickyouup.W:Thanksforyourhelp.I’msogladyouareontoday.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13．Whatdoesthewomanplantoworkasthissummer?A．Avolunteer. B．Anurse. C．Adoctor.14．WhohadmedicalexaminationsfromJuly15toJuly31lastyear?A．Theelderlyover55. B．Theadultsover30. C．Thechildrenunder5.15．Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthework?A．Everyonehastobealwayspolite.B．Everyonehastoarriveearly.C．Nonehasmuchtimetorest.16．Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantowear?A．Comfortableshoes. B．Lightclothes. C．Loosetrousers.【答案】13．A14．A15．C16．A【原文】W:What’syourplanforthesummerholiday?M:Nothingmuch.Doyouhaveanyideas?W:Lastsummer,Ihadavaluableexperienceworkingasavolunteerinthecommunityhospital.ThisyearI’dliketocontinue.Doyouwanttogowithme?M:Soundsgood.Howlongdidyouworkthere?W:Well.fromJuly15toJuly31st,whentheelderlyover55weregivenFreemedicalexaminations.M:Whatdidyoudothere?W:EverydayIarrivedearlyandorganizedthepeoplewhocameover,thenIwouldhelpthemfillintheform,leadingthemtothedifferentdepartments.Wasalsooneofmyduties.M:IthinkIamcapableofthose.W:Soundseasy,butbythetimetheirexaminationswereover,Iwasalreadywornout.Everyone.Thereworkedinatightschedule.M:Tiring,thoughitwas.Wecouldbenefitalotfromtheexperience.W:Iagreewithyou.So.M:I'dliketogowithyou.WhatshouldIpayattentionto?W:Youshouldbepatient.Moreimportantly,youshouldwearapairofcomfortableshoesforyouhavetostandforalongtime.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17．WhatdoyouknowaboutBarrymore’sactinglife?A．Shegaveupperformanceshalfway.B．Shehasexperiencedrisesandfalls.C．Sheappearedonstageatanearlyage.18．WhatdidBarrymore’sactinginStevenSpielberg’sfilmbringher?A．Advertisement. B．Fame. C．Inspiration.19．WhatelsedidBarrymoredoontopofherfilmlife?A．Shevolunteeredindisaster-hitareas.B．Shesetupawebsitetoraisemoney.C．Sheactivelyengagedinpublicwelfare.20．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesallBarrymorehasdone?A．Unpopular. B．Praiseworthy. C．Controversial.【答案】17．C18．B19．C20．B【原文】W:Goodmorning,everyone.TodayI’dliketotalkaboutDrewBarrymore.BarrymorewasborninLosAngeles,California,in1975.Shebeganheractinglifeveryearly.Beforeherfirstbirthday,sheappearedinaTVadvertisementfordogfood.Attheageoftwo,sheactedinherfirstTVmovie.Atagefive,sheappearedinherfirstfilm,thesciencefictionAlteredStates.Barrymore’sbigbreakcamewhenshewasseven.DirectorStevenSpielbergdecidedtoletheractinhisfilmE.T.Hollywoodtooknotice,andBarrymorebecameastar.Asayoungadult,Barrymoreactedinseveraldramasandcomedies;however,shewantedtomakeherownfilms.In1995,shestartedherownproductioncompany,FlowerFilms.Fouryearslater,sheproducedherfirstfilm,NeverBeenKissed.Overtheyears,hercompanyhasmadealotoffamousmoviesandTVprograms,includingFeverPitchin2005andtheCharlie’sAngelsin2011.In2007,Barrymore’slifetookanewturn.ShebeganworkingfortheUnitedNationsWorldFoodProgram.Later,shedonated1milliondollarstotheprogram.Then,afteraterribleearthquakeinHaitiin2010,sheurgedpeopletogivemoneytotheprograminaYouTubevideo.Meanwhile,Barrymore’sworkonmoviescontinued.In2009,shebecameadirectorwiththefilmWhipIt.Inthesameyear,shewontheGoldenGlobeAwardasanactressforherroleinGreyGardens.DrewBarrymorewearsmanydifferenthatsandworksverylonghours.Whatdoesshedoinherfreetime?Shespendstimewiththepeopleshecaresabout.Shesays,“Idon’tknowwhatI’ddowithoutmyfriends.”第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AMagazinesmakegreatreadingmaterialsforkids.Librariesoftenhavealargeselectionofperiodicals(期刊)foreveryagegroupandreadinglevel,andformanyareasofinterest.Andsomemagazinesmayevenhaveissuesgoingbackyearsandevendecades!Belowisalistofsomeofthem!MilitaryKidsLifeItisaboutfindingthebrightsideoflifeasamilitarykid!Insideeachquarterlyissue,yourchildwillencounterinspiringstories,articles,andphotographs!(8to16years)FacesWitharticles,folktales,andhands-onprojects,Facesmagazinetakesyoungreadersaroundtheworldforanhonestandobjectiveviewofhowchildreninotherregionslive.(9to14years)MakeMakemagazinepublishestestedprojects,skill-buildingtutorials,in-depthreviewsandinspirationalstories,accessiblebyallagesandskillranges.(9to18years)BrioBriomagazineforteengirlshasafreshnewlookthatincludesmorepagesfilledwithinspiringprofiles,culturalinsights,health&beautytips,faith-filledfeaturesandaddedfun!(13to18years)Pleasenote:Thoughallthemagazinesonthislistarewrittenforchildren,someissuesmaycontaincontentthatyoumayfeelinappropriateforyourchild.Asalways,pleasereviewallreadingmaterialsbeforegivingthemtoyourchildtoread.21．Whichmagazinecanhelpdevelopkids’internationalawareness?A．Faces. B．Make.C．Brio. D．MilitaryKidsLife.22．Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A．Allthemagazinesareproperforchildren.B．Magazinesareusuallypublishedforchildren.C．Somemagazineshavebackissuesinlibraries.D．Onlymagazinesforkidsareaccessibleinlibraries.23．Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A．Toargue. B．Toinform.C．Toentertain. D．Topersuade.【答案】21．A22．C23．B【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是适合孩子的几本杂志的相关情况。21．细节理解题。根据Faces部分的“Witharticles,folktales,andhands-onprojects,Facesmagazinetakesyoungreadersaroundtheworldforanhonestandobjectiveviewofhowchildreninotherregionslive.(9to14years)(通过文章、民间故事和实践项目，Faces杂志让世界各地的年轻读者诚实客观地了解其他地区儿童的生活方式。（9至14岁）)”可知，Faces能帮助培养孩子们的国际意识。故选A。22．细节理解题。根据第一段“Andsomemagazinesmayevenhaveissuesgoingbackyearsandevendecades!(有些杂志甚至有几年甚至几十年前的过刊！)”可知，有些杂志有过刊，故选C。23．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Librariesoftenhavealargeselectionofperiodicals(期刊)foreveryagegroupandreadinglevel,andformanyareasofinterest.Andsomemagazinesmayevenhaveissuesgoingbackyearsandevendecades!Belowisalistofsomeofthem!(图书馆通常有大量的期刊可供选择，适合每个年龄段和阅读水平，以及许多兴趣领域。有些杂志甚至有几年甚至几十年前的过刊！下面是其中的一些列表！)”可知，本文主要介绍的是适合孩子的几本杂志的相关情况，因此本文的目的是告知这些杂志的情况，故选B。BAyearago,mywifeandIsoldoneofourcarsandreplaceditwithane-bike.Iknewthatpassengervehiclesareresponsibleformuchofourgreenhouse-gasemissions.Ialsoknewthatelectriccarswereanimperfectfix.Thoughthey’reresponsibleforlesscarbonpollutionthangascars,theirsupplychainiscarbonintensive.Butane-bike’scomparativelytinybatterymeanslesselectricity,feweremissionsandfewerresources.E-bikesareclearlybetterfortheplanetthancarsofanykind.ButIalsoviewedgettingridofmycarasasacrifice.IliveinColorado;e-bikingwouldmeanfreezinginwinterandsweatinginsummer.Itwastherightthingtodo,Ithought,butitwasnotgoingtobefun.Iwasverywrong.ThefirstthingInoticedwasthesavings.Betweencarpayments,insurance,maintenance(保养),andgas,acar-centeredlifestyleisexpensive.Ipredictthatwe’llsaveabout$50,000overthenextfiveyearsbysellingourcar.Theactualexperienceofridingtoworkeachdayoverthepastyearhasbeenequallysurprising.Inwinter,Iweargloves,warmsocks,athickcap,andaskijacketwhenIride,andIamalmostnevertoocold.Insummer,Ididn’tbreakasweat.Ijustusedthethrottle(油门),satback,andenjoyedmyride.Iarrivedtoworkalittlemorelightheartedforhavingspentthemorninginfreshairratherthantraffic.Ijumpedonmybikeafterastressfuldayatworkandrodehomedownastreetedgedwithchangingfallleaves.IfeltmoreconnectedtothephysicalenvironmentaroundmethanIhadwhenI’dtraveledthesameroutesurroundedbymetalandglass.24．Whydidtheauthorchangeacarforane-bike?A．Hewantedtodosomethinggoodforenvironment.B．Hethoughtthate-bikeswouldreplacegasvehicles.C．Hecouldn’taffordtheexpensivetransportationcosts.D．Hebelievede-bike’ssupplychainwasenvironment-friendly.25．Whatdidtheauthorthinkhewouldsacrificeforthee-biking?A．Thetrafficsafety. B．Thetrafficcomfort.C．Thetrafficeconomy. D．Thetrafficconvenience.26．Whatistheauthor’sfeelingabouthavingriddenane-bikeforayear?A．Tolerant. B．Unexpected. C．Conservative. D．Compromising.27．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ChangesBroughtbyanE-bike B．MyGreenLifefortheLastYearC．TheReplacementforGasVehicles D．ComparationBetweenCarsandE-bikes【答案】24．A25．B26．B27．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者卖掉一辆汽车换成电动自行车,一年后,他对骑车上下班的担忧变成了惊喜。24．细节理解题。根据第一段“Butane-bike’scomparativelytinybatterymeanslesselectricity,feweremissionsandfewerresources.E-bikesareclearlybetterfortheplanetthancarsofanykind.(但电动自行车相对较小的电池意味着更少的电力、更少的排放和更少的资源。电动自行车显然比任何一种汽车都更有益于地球)”可知，作者换电动自行车是因为它更加环保。故选A。25．细节理解题。根据第二段“IliveinColorado;e-bikingwouldmeanfreezinginwinterandsweatinginsummer.(我住在科罗拉多州；骑电动自行车意味着冬天挨冻，夏天大汗淋漓)”可知，作者认为汽车相对更舒服，这方面是作者牺牲的。故选B。26．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Itwastherightthingtodo,Ithought,butitwasnotgoingtobefun.(我想，这样做是对的，但这不会很有趣)”和第四段中“Theactualexperienceofridingtoworkeachdayoverthepastyearhasbeenequallysurprising.(在过去的一年里，每天骑车上班的实际经历同样令人惊讶)”可知，作者对骑电动车上班一年的感受是出乎意料的惊喜。故选B。27．主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Theactualexperienceofridingtoworkeachdayoverthepastyearhasbeenequallysurprising.(在过去的一年里，每天骑车上班的实际经历同样令人惊讶)”结合文章讲述作者卖掉一辆汽车换成电动自行车后,骑车上下班给自己带来的惊喜。A选项“电动自行车带来的变化”最符合文章标题。故选A。CItwaslongtheorizedthatpeoplemakedecisionsbasedonintegratedglobalcalculationsthatoccurwithinthefrontalcortex(额叶皮层)ofthebrain,whichisconsideredtheseatofhigher-orderthinking.However,Yaleresearchershavefoundthatthreedistinctbraincircuitsfromthefrontalcortexconnectingtodifferentbrainregionsareinvolvedinmakinggooddecisions,badones,anddeterminingwhichofthosepastchoicestostoreinmemory.Thestudyofdecision-makinginratsmayhelpscientistsfindtherootsofflaweddecision-makingcommontomentalhealthdisorderssuchasaddiction,theauthorssay.Theyused-anewtooltomanipulate(操纵)braincircuitsinratswhiletheyweremakingchoicesbetweenactionsthatledtothemreceivingrewardsornorewards.Iftheratsmadetherightdecision,onethatendedinareward,oneofthebraincircuitswasactivated,butanotherwasactivatediftheratsmadethewrongchoiceandreceivednoreward.Thethirdcircuitstoredpastexperiencesanddecisionstohelptheratswithfuturechoices.StephanieGroman,leadauthoroftheresearchsays,“Acomparisonwouldbedecidingonarestaurantfordinner.Forinstance,withoutthe‘goodchoice’circuityoumaynotreturntotherestaurantwithgoodfoodandwithoutthe‘badchoice’circuityoumightnotavoidtherestaurantwithbadfood.Thethird‘memory’circuitiscrucialinmakingdecisionssuchaswhethertoreturntotherestaurantafterreceivingonebadmealafterseveralgoodones.”Changesinthesecircuitsmayhelpexplainatypicalfeatureofaddiction—whypeoplecontinuetomakeharmfulchoicesevenafterrepeatednegativeexperiences.TheYaleresearcherspreviouslyshowedthatsomeofthesamebraincalculationsweredisrupted(扰乱)inanimalsthathadtakenmethamphetamine.“Becauseweusedatestthatissimilartothoseusedinstudiesofhumandecisionmaking,ourfindingshavedirectrelevancetohumansandcouldaidinthesearchfornoveltreatmentsforsubstanceabuseinhumans,”Gromansaid.28．HowwasYale’sresearchdifferentfromtheprevioustheory?A．Itdefinedthefunctionofdifferentbrainregions.B．Itidentifiedspecificcircuitsinvolvedindecision-making.C．Itfocusedontheconnectionbetweenchoicesandmemories.D．Ithighlightedtheroleofthefrontalcortexinhigher-orderthinking.29．WhatcanbeinferredfromStephanieGroman’swords?A．Memoriesarerelatedtoallthethreecircuits.B．Peoplebasetheirdecisionsonpersonalpreferences.C．Thethreecircuitsareallofvitalimportanceinmakingdecisions.D．Thecircuitrelatedtorewardsisthefoundationofdecidingwisely.30．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyfocuson?A．Thelimitationsofthepresentstudy. B．Adescriptionoftheresearchmethod.C．Apossiblereasonforthestudyfindings. D．Thepotentialapplicationoftheconclusion.31．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．HowpeoplegetaddictedandcuredB．HowmakingdecisionsinfluencesourbrainC．HowourbraindevelopswhenfacingchoicesD．Howthebrainhelpsusmakegooddecisionsandbadones【答案】28．B29．C30．D31．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了大脑中的三个回路如何帮助我们做出好或坏的决定。28．细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,Yaleresearchershavefoundthatthreedistinctbraincircuitsfromthefrontalcortexconnectingtodifferentbrainregionsareinvolvedinmakinggooddecisions,badones,anddeterminingwhichofthosepastchoicestostoreinmemory.(然而，耶鲁大学的研究人员发现，从额叶皮层连接到不同大脑区域的三个不同的大脑回路参与了做出好的决定和坏的决定，以及决定将哪些过去的选择存储在记忆中。)”可知，耶鲁大学的研究与之前不同在于它确定了参与决策的特定回路。故选择B项。29．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Acomparisonwouldbedecidingonarestaurantfordinner.Forinstance,withoutthe‘goodchoice’circuityoumaynotreturntotherestaurantwithgoodfoodandwithoutthe‘badchoice’circuityoumightnotavoidtherestaurantwithbadfood.Thethird‘memory’circuitiscrucialinmakingdecisionssuchaswhethertoreturntotherestaurantafterreceivingonebadmealafterseveralgoodones.(一个比较是决定在一家餐厅用餐。例如，如果没有“好的选择”循环，可能不会的回到食物好吃餐厅；如果没有“坏的选择”回路，你可能无法避开带食物不好的餐厅。第三个“记忆”回路在做出决定时至关重要，比如在吃了几顿好饭之后，是否要回到餐厅。)”可知这三个回路对于我们作出决定都有着至关重要的影响，故选择C项。30．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Becauseweusedatestthatissimilartothoseusedinstudiesofhumandecisionmaking,ourfindingshavedirectrelevancetohumansandcouldaidinthesearchfornoveltreatmentsforsubstanceabuseinhumans(因为我们使用的测试与人类决策研究中使用的测试相似，我们的发现与人类有直接相关性，有助于寻找治疗人类药物滥用的新方法)”可知本段主要讲述的是研究结论的潜在应用。故选择D项。31．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Yaleresearchershavefoundthatthreedistinctbraincircuitsfromthefrontalcortexconnectingtodifferentbrainregionsareinvolvedinmakinggooddecisions,badones,anddeterminingwhichofthosepastchoicestostoreinmemory.(耶鲁大学的研究人员发现，从额叶皮层连接到不同大脑区域的三个不同的大脑回路参与了做出好的决定和坏的决定，以及决定将过去的哪些选择存储在记忆中)”可知本文主要讲述的是大脑如何帮助我们作出好或坏的决定，故选择D项。DItwasjustafter17:00onamid-SeptembereveningatahistoricalChurchinHarlem,NewYorkCity.Mostlythelow-incomeblackneighborhoodsatatdiningtables.Infrontofthemwasamenulistingthreecourses,whichtheyonlysawonTV.Eachdishwaspreparedwith“leftover”ingredients(食材),offeredfreeofchargeandplacedalongsideabluecardthatread“youareloved”inhand-writtenscript.This-is-oneof14communitycenterscreatedaroundtheworldincitieslikeMilan,Paris,Mérida,Lima,SydneyandnowNewYorkthroughthree-MichelinstarredchefMassimoBottura’sFoodforSoulproject.Hestartedtheprojectin2016withhiswife,LaraGilmore,tohelpfighttheglobalproblemoffoodwaste-byusingingredientsthatmightotherwisebethrownawaybysuppliersandtogivesociallyandeconomicallyvulnerablepeopleaccesstohighqualitymeals.Partneringwitharchitects,artistsandcommunityleaders,theprojectistransformingspaces,whicharenotfullytakenadvantageof,suchaschurchesandevenahistoricalhomeintointentionallydesignedculturalcentersequippedwithkitchens,diningroomsandotherfacilitiesthathelpcreateasenseofwell-being,connectionandinclusion.WhenIaskedBotturawhyhecreatedsuchthoughtful.mealswithinbeautifullyappointedspacesforthelow-income,hetoldmethateveryonedeservesrespectandbeauty-andofcourse,healthyfood.“Theycomeinandarecompletelylostbecausethey’renotusedtocomingintobeautifulplaces,likethis.Butoncethey’rehere,theyrealizethatthisplaceistheirplace.It’snotmyplace,”hesaid.Bottura’sphilosophyisonethatcomesfromtheheart.T-shirtswormbyvolunteersathiscommunitycenterssay“cookingisanactoflove”,andheapproachesthefoodservedtherewithasmuchcareashedoesathisrestaurants—“probablyevenmore”,hesaidsincethedinersareextremelystressedandneedhealthyfoodtofeelbetter.Botturainsiststhatit’simportanttochangethelanguagearoundthefoodservedinhiscommunitycenters.32．Whydoestheauthordescribesuchasceneinthefirstparagraph?A．TointroduceBottura’sproject. B．Toshowtheappealofthedishes.C．Toemphasizethewarmatmosphere. D．Toexplainhowtheeventisorganized.33．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”inparagraph2mean?A．Privileged. B．Independent. C．Conservative. D．Disadvantaged.34．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMassimoBottura?A．Skilledandstrict. B．Caringandconsiderate.C．Wealthyandhumorous. D．Economicalandinfluential.35．WhatfundamentalphilosophydoesMassimoBotturaexpress?A．Respectandbeautyareforall. B．Beautifulplacesinspirerespect.C．Cookingshouldbeaprofession. D．Communitycentersbringpeopletogether.【答案】32．A33．D34．B35．A【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。这篇文章主要讲述了意大利厨师MassimoBottura通过他的FoodforSoul项目，在贫困社区创建社区中心，为弱势群体提供高质量的餐食。32．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Itwasjustafter17:00onamid-SeptembereveningatahistoricalChurchinHarlem,NewYorkCity.Mostlythelow-incomeblackneighborhoodsatatdiningtables.Infrontofthemwasamenulistingthreecourses,whichtheyonlysawonTV.Eachdishwaspreparedwith“leftover”ingredients(食材),offeredfreeofchargeandplacedalongsideabluecardthatread“youareloved”inhand-writtenscript.(那是9月中旬的一个晚上，刚过17点，在纽约市哈莱姆区一座历史悠久的教堂里。大多数低收入的黑人都坐在餐桌旁。他们面前是一份菜单，上面有三道菜，他们只在电视上看到过。每一道菜都是用“剩余”的食材准备的，免费提供，旁边放着一张手写的蓝色卡片，上面写着“你被爱着”。)”以及第二段中“This-is-oneof14communitycenterscreatedaroundtheworldincitieslikeMilan,Paris,Mérida,Lima,SydneyandnowNewYorkthroughthree-MichelinstarredchefMassimoBottura’sFoodforSoulproject.(通过米其林三星厨师MassimoBottura的FoodforSoul项目，在米兰、巴黎、姆姆萨里达、利马、悉尼和纽约等城市建立了14个社区中心，这是其中之一。)”可知，第一段描述场景是为了引出文章要介绍的FoodforSoul项目。故选A。33．词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Hestartedtheprojectin2016withhiswife,LaraGilmore,tohelpfighttheglobalproblemoffoodwaste-byusingingredientsthatmightotherwisebethrownawaybysuppliers(2016年，他和妻子LaraGilmore开始了这个项目，通过使用供应商可能会扔掉的原料，帮助解决全球食物浪费问题)”以及后面的“peopleaccesstohighqualitymeals(人们可以享用高质量的食物)”可知，MassimoBottura和妻子创建项目是通过使用供应商可能会扔掉的原料，帮助解决全球食物浪费问题，并将这些材料为社会和经济弱势群体享用高质量的食物，故划线词与D选项“Disadvantaged.(贫困的)”为同义词。故选D。34．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hestartedtheprojectin2016withhiswife,LaraGilmore,tohelpfighttheglobalproblemoffoodwaste-byusingingredientsthatmightotherwisebethrownawaybysuppliersandtogivesociallyandeconomicallyvulnerablepeopleaccesstohighqualitymeals.(他与妻子LaraGilmore于2016年启动了这个项目，通过使用供应商可能会丢弃的食材，帮助解决全球食物浪费问题，并为社会和经济弱势群体提供高质量的膳食。)”以及第三段中“Partneringwitharchitects,artistsandcommunityleaders,theprojectistransformingspaces,whicharenotfullytakenadvantageof,suchaschurchesandevenahistoricalhomeintointentionallydesignedculturalcentersequippedwithkitchens,diningroomsandotherfacilitiesthathelpcreateasenseofwell-being,connectionandinclusion.(该项目与建筑师、艺术家和社区领袖合作，将教堂甚至历史住宅等未被充分利用的空间转变为精心设计的文化中心，配有厨房、餐厅和其他设施，有助于创造一种幸福感、联系感和包容性。)”可知，MassimoBottura通过使用供应商可能会扔掉的原料，帮助解决全球食物浪费问题，并为社会和经济弱势群体提供高质量的膳食；并且还与建筑师、艺术家和社区领袖合作，将教堂甚至历史住宅等未被充分利用的空间转变为精心设计的文化中心，配有厨房、餐厅和其他设施，有助于创造一种幸福感、联系感和包容性。由此体现出他是一个关怀和体贴他人的人。故选B。35．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“WhenIaskedBotturawhyhecreatedsuchthoughtful.mealswithinbeautifullyappointedspacesforthelow-income,hetoldmethateveryonedeservesrespectandbeauty-andofcourse,healthyfood.(当我问Bottura为什么要创作这么有思想的作品时。他告诉我，每个人都应该得到尊重和美丽，当然，还有健康的食物。)”可知，Bottura做这一切的想法基础是每个人都应该得到尊重和美丽，即尊重和美属于所有人。故选A。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Sometimesgivingfeedback(反馈)canbestressful.Afterall,youwantyourwordstobehelpfulandconstructive,butyoualsodon’twanttomakeanyonefeelbad.It’snormaltobenervousabouthowtheotherpersonwillrespondtoyourcomments.Anegativereactionmighthurtyourrelationshipandmakeitharderforyoutocommunicateinthefuture.36.Herearesomebasictipsongivingfeedback.37It’sessentialtogivefeedbackinatimelymanner.Don’twaituntiltoolongafteraprojectisfinishedoraperformancehasbeengiventoprovideyourcomments,oritmightmakeyourfeedbacklessmeaningful.Deliveringittoosooncanalsocreateproblems.Mostimportantly,ensurethattherecipientknowstheyaregoingtogetfeedback.Takeabalancedapproach38.Ifyouonlyfocusonconstructivefeedback,theotherpersonismuchmorelikelytowalkawayfeelingprettyterribleaboutthemselves.Instead,tryprovidingsomecommentsonwayspeoplecanimproveandgrow,butbalanceitbydeliveringrecognitionandacknowledgmentofwhatthey’vedonewell.Focusonactions,notpersonalitytraits(特征)Feedbackshouldfocusonaperson’sspecificbehaviorsandactions,notontheircharacter.Whenpeoplethinkoutcomesarecausedbypersonalcharacteristicsthatcan’tbechanged,feedbackislesslikelytoresultinchange.39.Lookforwaystoencourageself-reflectionFeedbackshouldn’tjustbealistofplusesandminuses.Deliveritinawaythatencouragespeopletoreflectonhowtheyaredoing,whatthey’vedonewellandwaysthattheymightbeabletoimprove.Howdoyoudothis?40.Whennotingthingsthatmightneedimproving,youmightask,“Whataresomethingsyoumightdodifferentlynexttime?”A．ChoosetherighttimeB．InformtheotherpersonbeforeyougivefeedbackC．GettingtheotherpersoninvolvedisagreatwaytostartD．HowpeopleperceiveyourfeedbackdependsonseveralfactorsE．That’swhylearninghowtogivehelpfulfeedbackissoimportantF．GreatfeedbackshouldincludebothpositiveandconstructivecommentsG．However,focusingonhowpeoplecantakeactiontoimprovemakesthemfeelmotivated【答案】36．E37．A38．F39．G40．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四条关于给反馈的建议。36．根据空前“It’snormaltobenervousabouthowtheotherpersonwillrespondtoyourcomments.Anegativereactionmighthurtyourrelationshipandmakeitharderforyoutocommunicateinthefuture.(担心别人会如何回应你的评论是很正常的。一个消极的反应可能会伤害你们的关系，让你们在