高考英语写作专题英语5种基本句型,教你写好简单句

高考英语写作专题：英语5种基本句型，教你写好简单句英语5种基本句型1.S(主）+Vi.（不及物动词）（谓）

常见的不及物动词有：appear,apologize,arrive,come,die,disappear,exist,fall,happen,rise,laugh,smile,live,

arrive,1isten,

2.S(主）+V.（谓）（lv.)(系动词）+P（表）1)表感官的动词，feel,smell,taste,sound,look,appear,seem等。2)表转变变化的动词，become,get,grow,turn,go,等。

3)表延续的动词remain,keep,seem,hold,stay,rest等。4)表瞬时的动词come,fall,set,cut,occur等

5)其他动词lie,prove,ring,run,shine,sit,stand,continue,hang等。

注：下列常见“It…”句式也是属于第二句型。1）It+be+adj./n.+todo…(不定式)

Itisyourdutytotakecareofyourmother.2）It+be+adj.+for/of+sb.+todo…

Itiseasyforustofinishtheprojectintwodays.3.S(主）+Vt.（及物动词）（谓）+O（宾）togothere.

Infinitive（不定式）wheretogo.

Wh-Word+Infinitivestealingthemoney.

Gerund（动名词）thatthereisnothingwrong..

That-clause（that从句）注：1)S+Vt.+infinitive(不定式）Iwanttohelphim.

常用于这句型的动词有：attempt,dare,decide,desire,expect,hope,intend,learn,need,offer,pretend,promise,propose,purpose,refuse,want,wish等。2)S+Vt.+Wh-Word+Infinitive

Idon'tknowwhattodo.

常用于这句型的动词有：ask,consider,decide,discover,explain,findout,forget,guess,inquire,know,learn,observe,remember,see,settle,tell,think,understand,wonder等。3)S+Vt.+Gerund

Ienjoylivinghere.

常用于这句型的动词有：admit,advise,avoid,consider,defend,enjoy,excuse,finish,forbid,mind,miss,practise,risk,suggest,giveup,can'thelp，lookforwardto,stickto等。4)S+Vt.+That-clause

Idon'tthink(that)heisright.

常用于这句型的动词有：Admit,believe,command,confess,declare,demand,deny,doubt,expect,explain,feel(觉得）,hear（听说）,hope,imagine,intend,know,mean,mind（当心）,notice,propose,request,report,say,see（看出），show,suggest,suppose,think,understand,wish,wonder(觉得奇怪）。4.S(主）+Vt.（谓）+I.O.（间接宾）+D.O.（直接宾）wheretheteacherlives.

(从句)本句型的谓语动词所发出的动作有两个对象，一为“人或动物等”，称为间接宾语；另一为“物或事”，称为直接宾语。本句型也可以把“D.O.”置于“I.O.”之前，应注意用介词to或for，句型为：S+Vt.+N./Pron.+To/for-phrase.如：1）Hesentmeabook.→Hesentabooktome.2）Heboughtmeacoat.→Heboughtacoatforme.

间接宾语前需要加to的常用动词有：bring,deny,give,grant,hand,leave,lend,offer,owe,pass,pay,permit,promise,read,render,restore,sell,send,show,teach,tellwish,write等。

间接宾语前需要加for的常用动词有：bring,buy,cash,choose,fetch,get,leave,make,order,paint,play(演奏），save,sing,spare等。5.S(主）+Vt.（谓）+O.（宾）+O.C.（宾补）howtolearnEnglish.

(Wh-word+Infinitive)thathepassedtheexam.(宾语从句)whenweshouldstart.

(宾语从句)此句型中的动词叫做可以跟复合宾语的动词，后面的宾语补足语是说明宾语的情况的，宾语和宾语补足语一起被称做复合宾语。注：1)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+N

常用于这句型的动词有：appoint,call,choose,elect,entitle,find,make,name,nominate(命名）。

2)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+Adj

常用于这句型的动词有：beat,boil,cut,drive,find,get,hold,keep,leave,like,make,paint,see,set,turn,want,wash,wipe,wish等。

3)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+PrepPhrase

Shealwayskeepseverythingingoodorder.

4)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+Infinitive

常用于这句型的动词有：a)不定式带to的词：advice,allow,ask,beg,cause,choose,command,decide,encourage,expect,force,get,hate,invite,know,leave,like,love,order,permit,persuade,prefer,remain,request,teach,tell,want,warn,wish等。

b)不定式不带to的词：feel,have,hear,know,let,listento,lookat,make,notice,see,watch等。

5)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+Participle(分词）

常用于这句型的动词有：catch,feel,find,get,have,hear,imagine,keep,leave,listento,lookat,notice,observe,perceive,see,set,smell,start,watch等。

6)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+Wh-word+Infinitive

常用于这句型的动词有：advise,ask,inform,show,teach,tell等。

7)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+That-clause

常用于这句型的动词有：assure,inform,promise,remind,teach,tell,warm等。

8)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+Wh-Clause

常用于这句型的动词有：Advise,ask,inform,show,teach,tell.6.Therebe句型此句型是由there+be+主语+状语构成，用以表达某地存在有，它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词be之后，there仅为引导词，并无实际意义。Be与其后的主语在人称和数上一致，有时态和情态变化。如，现在有

thereis/are…过去有

therewas/were…将来有

therewillbe…/thereis/aregoingtobe...现在已经有

therehas/havebeen…

可能有

theremightbe...

肯定有

theremustbe…/theremusthavebeen...过去一直有

thereusedtobe…

似乎有

thereseems/seem/seemedtobe…碰巧有

therehappen/happens/happenedtobe..注：我们受汉语的干扰，会运用一些汉式表达。请观察下列句子：1）Therearetwoboysarewaitingforyou.(去掉第二个are或boys后加who)2）Therearemanypeopledoexercisesintheparkeverymorning.(去掉Thereare)此句型有时可用live,stand,come,go,lie,remain,exist,arrive,等词代替be动词。Eg:Therelivedanoldmanatthefootofthemountain.

Thereliesabookonthedesk.

注：在书面表达中。“有…”这个含义，我们会情不自禁地使用Thereare和have结构来表达。虽然能表达出原意，可千篇一律，总会显得俗气呆板。试比较以下句子，便可见分晓。学校的体育中心有三个运动区域。1)Therearethreeathleticareasintheschoolsportscentre.2)Theschoolsportscentrecontainsthreeathleticareas.(Better)with结构也有“有”的含义。主要用法介绍如下：1）It’sasmallflatof25squaremetres,withabedroom,abathroom,andakitchen.2）with+宾语+介词短语

Hesatinachair,withanewspaperinhishands.3）with+宾语+现在分词

Hearrivedatamountain,withatowerstandingatthetop.

Withwintercomingon,it’stimetobuywarmclothes.

练习：英语5种基本句型

（一）主谓结构（主语＋不及物动词）1.你应当努力学习。2.她昨天回家很晚。______________________________________________________________________________________3.那天早上我们谈了很多。4.会议将持续(last)两个小时。

______________________________________________________________________________________5.在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生（takeplace）了巨大的变化。

______________________________________________________________________________________6.这种事情全世界各地每天都在发生。7.每天八时开始上课。______________________________________________________________________________________8.这个盒子重(weigh)五公斤。9.五年前我住在北京。______________________________________________________________________________________10.让我们立即行动(act)起来。11．恰好(happentodo)他身边有钱。______________________________________________________________________________________12.慢慢地她脸上露出(appear)了一丝笑容。_________________________________________（二）主谓宾结构（主语＋及物动词＋宾语）1.昨晚我写了一封信。2.今天下午我想同你谈谈。______________________________________________________________________________________3.这本书他已经读过多次了。4.他们成功地完成了计划(carryouttheplan)。______________________________________________________________________________________5.你们必须在两周内看完这些书。6.我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。______________________________________________________________________________________7.我们大家都相信Jack是一个诚实男孩。8.他不知道说什麽好。______________________________________________________________________________________（三）主系表结构（主语＋系动词＋表语）1.我的兄弟都是大学生。2.冬季白天短，夜晚长。______________________________________________________________________________________3.布朗夫人看起来很健康。4.十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家(pianist)了。______________________________________________________________________________________5.孩子们，请保持安静。6.这本书是有关美国历史的书。______________________________________________________________________________________7.她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。8.他失业了。______________________________________________________________________________________9.树叶已经变黄了(turn)。10.这个报告听起来很有意思。______________________________________________________________________________________11.商店开到八点。12．机器出了毛病。______________________________________________________________________________________13．这些努力似乎全都白费了。14．这话听起来有道理(reasonable)。______________________________________________________________________________________15．房里一会儿就挤满了人。_____________________________________________________________（四）双宾语结构（主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语）1．Johnson先生去年教我们德语(German)。2.奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。

_____________________________________________________________________________________3.他把钱包(wallet)交给(hand)校长(principal)了。4.请把那本字典递给我好吗？

_____________________________________________________________________________________5.他把车票给列车员(conductor)看。6.这个学期我已经给父母写过三封信了。______________________________________________________________________________________7.我父亲已经给我买了一辆新自行车。

8.RobinsonCrusoe给自己做了一只小船。______________________________________________________________________________________9.请你给我弄一本新的(anewcopy)，好吗？10.我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？______________________________________________________________________________________（五）复合宾语结构（主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语）1.他的父母给他取名为John.

2.每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。______________________________________________________________________________________3.我们大家都认为他是诚实的。

4.他们把门推开了。______________________________________________________________________________________5.我们要使学校变得更美丽。

6.我要你把真相告诉我。______________________________________________________________________________________7.给我几分钟考虑一下。8.我们不会让她在晚上外出的。______________________________________________________________________________________9.他每个月理一次发。10.我要请人把我的录音机修理一下。______________________________________________________________________________________11.那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了。12.她正在听人家讲故事。______________________________________________________________________________________13.我从来没看见这个字这样用过。14.他感到很难跟你交谈。______________________________________________________________________________________15.学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。

16.我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。______________________________________________________________________________________17.祝一路平安。

18你让我等了三个钟头。______________________________________________________________________________________（六）Therebe句型1.今晚没有会。2.这个学校有一名音乐老师和一名美术老师。______________________________________________________________________________________3.天气预报说下午有大风。4.灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。______________________________________________________________________________________5.恰好那时房里没人。6.公共汽车来了。______________________________________________________________________________________7.就只剩下二十八美元了。8.在这个山洞前面长着一棵高大的松树(pine)。______________________________________________________________________________________9.铃响了。10.最近几年,这个村庄发生了巨大的变化。______________________________________________________________________________________11.过去这条河上有座桥。

12.十字路口(crossing)处站着一个警察。_____________________________________________________________________________________英语5种基本句型答案：（一）1.Youshouldstudyhard.

2.Shewenthomeverylateyesterdayevening.

3.Thatmorningwetalkedalot.

4.Themeetingwilllasttwohours.

5.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepast/lasttenyears.

Myhometownhaschangedgreatlyinthepast/lasttenyears6.Thingsofthatsortarehappeningallovertheworldeveryday.

7.Classesbeginateighteveryday.

8.Thisboxweighsfivekilos.

9.IlivedinBeijingfiveyearsago.

10.Let’sactatonce/immediately11.Hehappenedtohavesomemoneywithhim.

12.Graduallyasmileappearedonherface.（二）1.Iwrotealetterlastnight.

2.Iwanttotalkwithyouthisafternoon.3.Hehasalreadyreadthisbookmanytimes.

4.Theycarriedouttheplansuccessfully.(success/succeed/successful)Theysucceeded(in)carryingouttheplan5.Youmustfinishreadingthesebooksintwoweeks.

6.IreceivedaletterfrommypenfriendinAustralia.

7.AllofusbelievethatJackisanhonestboy.

8.Hedidnotknowwhattosay.（三）1.Mybrothersareallcollegestudents.

2.Inwinter,thedaysareshortandthenightsarelong.

3.Mrs.Brownlooksveryhealthy.

4.Attheageoffifteenhebecameafamouspianist.

5.Children,keepquietplease.

6.ThisbookisaboutthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.7.Herjobistolookafterthechildreninthekindergarten.

8.Heisoutofwork.9.Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.

10.Thereportsoundsinteresting.

11.Theshopstaysopentill8o’clock.

12.Themachinewentwrong.13.Alltheseeffortsseeminvain

14.Thesewordssoundreasonable.15.Theroomsoonbecamecrowded.（四）1.Mr.JohnsontaughtusGermanlastyear.

2.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.

3.Hehandedthewallettotheprincipal.

4.Wouldyoupleasepassmethedictionary?

5.Heshowedthetickettotheconductor.

6.ThistermIhavewrittenthreeletterstomyparents.

7.Myfatherhasboughtmeanewbike.

8.RobinsonCrusoemadehimselfaboat.9.Willyoupleasegetmeanewcopy?

10.ShallIcallyouataxi?（五）1.HisparentsnamedhimJohn.

2.EverymorningwehearhimreadEnglishal