2022年陕西省渭南市大荔县高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题

渭南市大荔县2021-2022学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语注意事项：1.本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.选择题用2B铅笔将正确答案涂写在答题卡上；非选择题用0.5mm黑色墨水签字笔答在答题卡的指定答题区域内，超出答题区域答案无效。3.答题前，请将姓名、考号、试卷类型按要求涂写在答题卡上。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。AASchengenvisaisashort-stayvisaawardedtopersonswishingtotraveltooneormanyofthecountriesthatmakeofthe26EuropeancountrySchengenArea.Itgrants（授予）eachholderentrytoallthecountriesintheareaonasinglevisa.SeveralnewSchengenvisaapplicationrulescameintoforceinallcountriesonFebruary2,2020.Checkoutsomeofthemajorchanges:IncreasedvisafeesTheSchengenvisafeehasincreasedfrom60eurosto80foradults,whilechildrenagedbetween6and12nowneedtopay40eurosinsteadof35.Theriseinfeesistoincreasestaffnumbers,ensurestrongersecurityscreenings,andupgradeITequipmentandsoftware,accordingtotheEuropeanCommission.ElectronicapplicationformTheapplicationprocesshasbeengreatlysimplified.Schengenmemberstatesnowacceptelectronicapplications,andtheapplicationformcanbesignedandsubmittedelectronically.LongerapplicationsubmissionperiodsSchengenvisaapplicantsusedtoapplyasearlyasthreemonthsaheadoftheirtrip.Todayapplicationscanbesubmitteduptosixmonthsinadvance.BenefitsforfrequenttravelersThosewhohavepreviouslyvisitedtheSchengenAreaandhaveapositivevisahistorywillbegrantedtheopportunitytogetamultipleentryvisavalidforuptofiveyears.Thatis,peoplewhohavelawfullyusedtheirpreviousvisas,haveagoodeconomicstandingintheirhomecountries,andintendtoleavetheareabeforetheirSchengenvisaexpires（过期）willnowhavethechancetogetavisaforuptofiveyearswithmultipleentries.21.Ifacouplewithaseven-year-oldkidapplyforSchengenvisas,howmuchshouldtheypayunderthenewrules?A.45euros. B.80euros. C.200euros. D.155euros.22.WhenapplyingforaSchengenvisanow,youcan________.A.getallyourmaterialsreadybeforeFebruary2B.turninyourapplication9monthsinadvanceC.upgradeyourcomputersoftwareD.handinanelectronicapplicationform23.TofrequenttravelerstotheSchengenArea,thenewrulesaremore________.A.favourable B.complicated C.specific D.rigidBWhenafirebrokeoutinmyhomeinthemiddleofthenight,IknewI'ddoanythingIcouldtosavemyfamily.ThemedicinethatItakeformyrheumatoidarthritiscausesmetowakeupinthemiddleofthenightwithadrymouth.January15,2016,wasnodifferent.I,Indiana,US,awokeat2:30amneedingwater.IwaswalkingbackupstairsfromthekitchenwhenIheardmybulldog,Rock.WhateverRockwasdoingdownthere,itmadeenoughnoiseformetogotohim.BythetimeImadeittothebottomofthestairs,hewasrunningup,andhenevercameupthestairs,nomatterwhat.Ithinkthatwashiswayoftellingme,"We'vegottogobackup."WhenIgottotheLopofthestairs,Iturnedaroundandsawalighton,butIdidn'trememberleavingoneon.Iwalkeddownstairsagain,andthat'swhenIsawfire.Iimmediatelyshoutedtomywifetowakeupandgetourthreekids.Igrabbedaknifeandcutouttheplasticthatcoveredthewindowtotheporchroof.Ithenpriedopenthewindowandkickedoutthescreen.Istartedscreamingforhelp.Buthelpnevercame.Igoteverybodyoutontheroofandthrewablanketouttheresowewouldn'tslipoff.Itwascold,Januarycold.ThenIstartedscreamingforhelp.Buthelpnevercame.Now,I'mscaredofheightsandhavephysicalissues,whatwithmyrheumatoidarthritis,butIcouldn'tletmyfamilyburnup.SoIjumpedofftheroof.Ididn'tscoottotheedge;IjustjumpedandgotthewindknockedoutofmewhenIlanded.Ifoundourladder,placeditagainstthehouse,andclimbedbackuptotheroof.Iwrappedmyarmsaroundmydaughterandcarriedmynine-month-oldwithmyteeth,byhislittlesleeper.ThenIclimbeddowntheladder.Onceontheground,Ihadmylittlegirlholdherbrother,andIwentbackuptotherooftogetmyotherdaughter.ThenIwentbackupagainandgotmywife.Itriedtogetmydog,buthejustdisappearedintheblacksmoke.Ineversawhimaliveagain.I'mnohero.I'mjustanordinarypersonwho'dhelpanybody.ThishappenedtobethetimewhenIhelpedmyownfamily.Ilivetoprotectmyfamily.JustlikeRock-helivedtoprotectus.24.Whatmadetheauthorwakeupat2:30am?A.Mydog'sbarking B.AburningfireC.Themedicine'seffect D.Anoisedownstairs25.HowdidRocktelltheauthorthedangerdownstairs?A.Hekeptbarkingandrunninguptostairs.B.Herantotheauthor'sroomupstairs.C.Heturnedonalightdownstairs.D.Hemadesomenoiseatthebottomofthestairs.26.Whatdidtheauthordoafterhisfamilyallstoodontheroof?A.Heplacedablankettokeepwarm.B.Hestartedscreamingforhelp.C.Hejumpedofftheroof.D.Hebrokeopenthewindowandkickedoutthescreen27.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribetheauthor?A.Strongandconsiderate B.CaringandselfishC.Loyalandbrave D.CourageousandresponsibleCPlantscannotrunorhide,sotheyneedotherstrategiestoavoidbeingeaten.Somecurluptheirleaves;othersproducechemicalstomakethemselvestastebadiftheysenseanimalsdroolingonthem,chewingthemuporlayingeggsonthem-allsignalsofanattack.Newresearchnowshowssomefloracanfeelaplant-eatinganimalwellbeforeitlaunchesanattack,lettingaplantprepareapreemptive（抢先的）defensethatevenworksagainstotherpestspecies.WhenecologistJohnOrrockoftheUniversityofWisconsin-Madisonsprayedsnailslime-aliquidtheanimalsreleaseastheyslidealong-intosoil,nearbytomatoplantsappearedtonotice.Theyincreasedtheirlevelsofanenzyme（生化酶）,whichisknowntopreventplant-eatinganimals."Noneoftheplantswereeveractuallyattacked."Orrocksays."Wejustgavethemcuesthatsuggestedanattackwascoming,andthatwasenoughtocausebigchangesintheirchemistry."InitiallyOrrockfoundthisdefenseworkedagainstsnails;inthelateststudy,histeammeasuredtheslimywarningimpactonanotherpotentialthreat.Theinvestigatorsfoundthathungry-caterpillars（毛虫）,whichusuallyeattomatoleavesgreedily,hadnoappetiteforthemaftertheplantswereexposedtosnailslimeandactivatedtheirchemicalresistance.Thisnonspecificdefensemaybeastrategythatbenefitstheplantsbyfurtherimprovingtheiroverallpossibilitiesofsurvival,saysOrrock,whoreportedtheresultswithhiscolleaguesinMarchinOecologia.Thefindingthatasnail'sapproachcancauseaplantresponsethataffectsadifferentanimalmadeRichardKarbancurious,aplantcommunicationsexpert,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy."Itissignificantthattheplantsarerespondingbeforebeingdamagedandthatthesecuesarehavingsuchfar-rangingeffects,"Karbansays.Theresearchwascomprehensive,headds,buthewonderedhowthetomatoplantsfeltchemicalsinsnailslimthatneveractuallytouchedthem."That'sthemillion-dollarquestion,"Orrocksays.Hehopesfutureresearchwillmakeoutthemechanismsthatenableplantstosensetheserelativelydistantcues.28.JohnOrrocksprayedaliquidintosoilnearbytomatoplantsto________.A.makethemgrowbetter B.givethemawarningC.keepplanteatinganimalsaway D.informplant-eatinganimalsofdanger29.Whyistheexampleof"caterpillars"mentionedinParagraph3?A.Toconfirmtheresultofthestudy. B.Tointroduceanotheranimal.C.Toappealtopeopletoprotectanimals. D.Toanalysedifferentresistancechemicals.30.WhatdoesRichardKarbanreallywanttoknow?________A.Howtomatoplantsbecomeawareofdanger.B.Whatthechemicalsinthesnailslimeare.C.Whethertheresearchisofpracticalvalue.D.Whatthefindingoftheresearchis.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?________A.ADefenseAttack B.GreedyAnimals C.ASnail'sApproach D.WatchfulPlantsDOhmyGod,therobotsaretakingover!We'redoomed!Doomed!NowthatI'vegottenthatoutofmysystem,it'sbecomeclearthatwhilewemayormaynotbedoomed,therobotsaretakingover.Thelatestexampleisthegovernment'snewguidelinesforself-drivingcars.Tesla,GoogleandUberarealreadytestingdriverlesscarsincitiesacrossAmerica.UberchiefexecutiveTravisKalanickisamongthosepredictingthatby2021,self-drivingcarswillplayabigpartinurbansettings.Nearly40,000peoplediedlastyearinthisnationinautomobile-relatedaccidents,andwebelievesdriverlesscarscansavetensofthousandsoflivesannually.Makessense.Robotdriversarelesslikelytogetdrunk,drivewithoutalicense,textwhiledrivingorfeelagitatedatthesceneofapileup.Ontheotherhand,Iwonderhowthesehighlysensitivecarswillreact,withwalkersconstantlydashingintothestreet.Willtheyjamonthebrakesevery10seconds?Butthere'sabiggerpicture.Notonlyarerobotsreplacinghumansbehindthewheel,butbehindtheworkdesk,inwarehouses,seniorhomes,younameit.Robotsaren'tjusttakingoverintheworkplace.Thequestionis,wherecan'tarobotfunctionbetterthanahuman?Howaboutwritingsongs?Arobotcangothrougheverycombinationofnotesinrecordtimeandcomeupwithapleasingmelody.Thelyricsmightbeadifferentstory.IsaGrammy-winningsongco-writtenbyHankHumanandR-3071inourfuture?Finally,it'sonlyamatteroftimeuntilwehaverobotpoliticiansandpresidentialcandidates.Whynot?Theycanbeprogrammedtobeexpertsinworldanddomesticaffairsandcomeupwiththebestsolutionswithoutcorruptionandbadhumors.Actually,it'stoobadsuchtechnologyisn'tavailablein2016.Prettysuretherobotwouldwininalandslide.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"agitated"mean?A.Anxious B.Cautious C.Careful D.Tired33.Whatdoubtdoesthewriterhaveaboutself-drivingcars?A.Howpassengersbehaveinit.B.Howrobotdriversgetthelicense.C.Howtheyrespondtowalkersonabusystreet.D.Howtheyavoidcrashingintoothercar.34.Thelastquestionsaskedinthesixthparagraphreflectsthewriter's________.A.doubtaboutrobots'abilitytowritesongsB.eagernesstolistentosongswrittenbyrobotsC.curiosityaboutthefutureGrammysongsD.confidenceinrobots,winningGrammyAwards35.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.RobotsarecomingbutnotsoonenoughB.RobotswillcontroltheworldineveryfieldC.RobotsarebeingusedinourdailylifeD.Robotscandrivecarsandwritemusic第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WaystomakeagreatfirstimpressionYou'vehearditamilliontimesalready,butitreallydoestakeafewsecondstomakethatall-importantfirstimpression（印象）.Herearesomeeasywaysforyoutoimpressyourclassmatesorteachers.●HaveaproperhandshakeBeforeyoushakehandswithsomebody,makesurethatyourhandsareclean.Thehandshakeshouldnotbetoostrongorweak.Mostpeopleusetheirrighthands,unlesstheyhaveareasontousetheleft.36.●BeontimeWhenmeetingsomeoneforthefirsttime,arrivingontimeisasimportantasbreathing.Youmayhaveanexcuse,butthatwillleavethepersonwhohardlyknowsyouwithabadimpression.37It'sbettertobehangingaroundtheplacethanbestuckintraffie.●IntroduceyourselfandaskfornamesMakesureyouproperlyintroduceyourself.Askfortheirnamesinapoliteway.38.Thiswillincreasethechancesoftheirrememberingyournameinthefuture.Alwaysremembertostandupwhengreetingsomeoneandbesuretointroducethemtoanyoneyou'rewith.●39Togetthemostoutofyourdiscussion,trytofindsomethingcommonbetweenthetwoofyou.40.Apersonwillfeelmorecomfortablewithsomeonetheycanrelateto（产生共鸣）.A.Makegoodconversation.B.Repeatthenameanduseitlaterinconversation.C.Asageneralrule,plantoarriveabout30minutesearly.D.Itcouldbeasimilartasteinclothesoracommonhobby.E.Usebodylanguage.F.However,don'thaveyourlefthandinyourpocketbecausethisappearsimpolite.G.You'llbeinserioustroubleifyouleavethemwithabadimpression.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Wewerestandingatthetopofchurchtower."Lookdown,Elsa,"Fathersaid.Igatheredallmy41andlookeddown.Isawthesquareinthecenterofthevillage.AndIsawthecrisscross（十字形）oftwisting,turningstreets42tothesquare."See,mydear,"Fathersaidgently."Thereismorethanonewaytothe43Lifeislikethat.Ifyoucan'tgettotheplacewhereyouwanttogobyoneroad,try44."IntheyearsthatfollowedIoftenrememberedthe45Fathertaughtme.IknewwhereIwantedto46inlife.Iwantedtobefashiondesigner.ButonthewaytomyfirstsmallsuccessIfoundtheroad47.ThatyearIwasbusygettingreadytoshowmywinterfashions.Thenjust13daysbeforethe48thesewinggirlswerecalledoutonstrike.Ifoundmyself49withonetailorandwomanwhowasinchargeofthesewingroom!Iwasasgloomyasmymodelsandsalesgirls."We'llnever50it,"oneofthemcried.Here,Ithought,isthe51ofalltestsforFather'sadvice.Whereistheway52thistime?Iwonderedandworried.Iwascertainwewouldhaveto53thepresentationorelseshowtheclothesunfinished.Thenit54tome.Whynotshowtheunfinishedclothes?Weworkedhurriedly.And,exactly13dayslater,right55time,theSchiaparellishowing56.Whatashowingitwas!Somecoatshadnosleeves;othershadonlyone.Manyofourclotheswerestillina（n）57stage.Theywereonlypatternsmadeofheavycottoncloth.Butonthesewe58simplepicturesandpiecesofmaterial.Allinall,theshowingwasdifferent.Itwassodifferentthatitwasagreatsuccess.Our59showingcaughttheattentionofthepublic,and60fortheclothespouredin.Father'swisewordshasguidedme.Thereismorethanonewaytothesquarealways.41.A.information B.interest C.courage D.savings42.A.coming B.leading C.getting D.falling43.A.city B.square C.church D.village44.A.another B.other C.this D.that45.A.text B.material C.lesson D.class46.A.rest B.go C.come D.relax47.A.taken B.paved C.followed D.blocked48.A.competition B.ceremony C.introduction D.presentation49.A.left B.tired C.burdened D.connected50.A.have B.make C.lose D.hit51.A.text B.test C.tip D.example52.A.in B.up C.out D.round53.A.bringdown B.bringforward C.callup D.calloff54.A.objected B.belonged C.happened D.occurred55.A.in B.over C.on D.behind56.A.tookon B.tookoff C.tookdown D.tookplace57.A.mature B.early C.beautiful D.late58.A.took B.drew C.collected D.pinned59.A.normal B.common C.beautiful D.unusual60.A.designs B.orders C.patterns D.changes第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。IfLiZiqihadn'tstartedtomakevideos,shemighthavebeenacommonvillagegirl61（make）alivingthroughhiringherselfoutatalocalfactory.Yet,Li62（shoot）tofameaftershereleasedshortvideosrecordingher63（peace）lifestyleinChina'scountryside.Sincethen,Li64（amaze）netizenswithwhatshecando.Nothingseemsimpossiblewithherhands,65cancreatewonderfulthings.Therevival（复兴）ofanidealChinesecountrylifeis66thebeautyofhervideoslies.Intheidealrurallife,peoplehadamateriallyandpsychologicallycontentedlifethroughfarming,whilealsohavingenoughsparetime67hobbies.Alongwithfamealsocomescontroversy（争议）.Thereare68（debate）onwhetherLimakesthevideosbyherself.Inresponse,shesaidinitiallyshedidallthework69（independent）butlateronsheworkedwithateam.Despite,thecontroversy,itisthecharmofthetraditionalculture70（convey）inLi'svideosthatappealstoherglobalaudience.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。IoftenquarrelwithmymotheroverifIcanwatchTVafterschool.Sheheldtheviewthatseniorthreestudentshavetomakefullyuseofeveryminutetoworkhardattheirlessons.ItseemstomethatonceIamallowedtodothat,I'llunabletocontrolmyselfandforgetallaboutmystudy.Shealsothinksitisbadformyeye.ButIreallycan'tacceptherideas.Inmyopinion,watchTVcansetmymindatrestafteraday'shardworks.Besides,itisimportantforustoknowwhathadhappenedathomeandatabroad.Thus,weshouldn'tbeforbiddentowatchTV.第二节书面表达（满分25分）2022年5月15日是我国的第32个全国助残日，但是社会上仍然有歧视残疾人的现象存在。假如你是校学生会主席李华，请以“关爱残疾人，从我做起”为题写封倡议信，呼吁同学们关爱残疾人。内容包括：1.现状，助残的必要性；2.如何关爱残疾人；3.发出倡议。注意：1.词数在80词左右；题目及开始部分已写好，不计入总词数。2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。CaringforDisabledPeopleIsOurDutyDearfellowstudents,The32ndNationalDaytoHelptheDisabledisapproaching.However,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________