2024-2025学年辽宁省重点中学高一上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1辽宁省重点中学2024-2025学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whendoesthelecturefinish?A.Atabout5:00pm. B.Atabout4:00pm. C.Atabout3:00pm.【答案】A【原文】M:Whendoesthelecturebegin?W:Ithinkitstartsatthreeintheafternoon.M:Itfinishesatfour,right?Ihaveameetingthen.W:No,thisonelastsforabouttwohours.You’llhavetorescheduleyourappointmentatfouro’clock.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inasupermarket. B.Inarestaurant. C.Inthewoman’shouse.【答案】B【原文】W:CanIgetyouanythingelsetonight?Somedessertorcoffee?M:No,thankyou.Justthecheck,please.W:Hereyouare.Ihopeyouenjoyedyourdinner.3.WhathappenedtoLarrylastnight?A.Hefellintowater. B.Hewascaughtintherain. C.Hecouldn’tfindhishotel.【答案】A【原文】M:IsawLarrylastnight.Hewaslookingverywet.W:Butitwasn’traininglastnight.M:Well,hedidn’tseethehotelswimmingpoolandfellintoitwithhisclotheson.4.Wherewillthewomangotomorrownight?A.Arestaurant. B.Acinema. C.Theman’shouse.【答案】C【原文】M:Hi,Beth.MyfamilyandIarehavingafewpeopleoverfordinnertomorrownight.Wemightrentamovie.Canyoucome?W:Sure.I’dlovetocome.That’dbemorefunthaneatinginarestaurantalone.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Annawon’tgototheparty.B.Shedoesn’twanttoinviteSteve.C.Stevehasrefusedherinvitation.【答案】B【原文】M:Look!YouforgottosendtheinvitationtoSteve,didn’tyou?W:ButyouknowAnnadoesn’tlikehimverymuch.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Goingforapicnic. B.Goingshopping. C.Goingfishing.7.Whendothespeakersfinallydecidetogo?A.ThisSunday. B.NextSaturday. C.NextSunday.【答案】6.A7.C【原文】W:Ithinkwecangototheparktohaveapicnic.M:I’dliketodrivetothecountry,findaplaceawayfromthehighwayandhavearealold-fashionedpicnicwithfriedchicken,potatoandfish.W:Soundsgood.Whydon’twegothisSunday?M:Sorry,I’llbebusywritingthefinalreportalltheweekend.HowaboutnextSaturdayorSunday?W:OK,let’smakesomepreparationsandstartoutnextSunday.M:Alright.YougetwhatweneedforthepicnicandI’llprovidethevehicle.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobuybeforegoinghome?A.Food. B.Atextbook. C.Anotebook.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhermajor?A.Interesting. B.Boring. C.Difficult.10.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Havedinner. B.Catchabus. C.Haveaclass.【答案】8.B9.A10.B【原文】W:Hi,Steve.Whatareyoudoinghere?M:I’mmeetingafriendherefordinner.Howaboutyou?W:I’monmywayhomebutIhavetostopbyabookstoretobuyatextbookfirst.M:Haven’tyougraduatedyet?W:Ihaveonemoreyear,andthenI’mdone.M:Whatareyoumajoringin?W:Engineering.Ifindthesubjectreallyinteresting.M:That’sgreat.ButIthinktheengineeringclassissodifficultandboring.W:Onthecontrary,I’menjoyingallmyclasses.Oh,I’dbettergonow,orIwillmissthebus.M:OK.Seeyoulater.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutstudyingduringcompanyhours?A.Surprised. B.Embarrassed. C.Proud.12.Whatisthewomanlearning?A.Somethingaboutclothes.B.Somethingabouthistory.C.Somethingaboutdesign.13.Whatdoweknowaboutthecompany?A.Itclosesat6pmeveryday.B.Itsetsupmanyonlinecourses.C.Itpaysforsixemployeestostudy.【答案】11.A12.B13.C【原文】W:Thisisworkarea.Andthisisthestudyarea.M:Youhaveastudyarea?W:Yeah.Asyoucansee,David,overthere,isstudying.M:Andthisisduringworkinghours?Doesthebossknowaboutthis?W:It’stheboss’sidea.Thecompanypaysforemployeestodocourses.Soduringourbreaksorafter5:30pmwhenwegetoffwork,wecanstayonandstudy.M:Excellent.Areyoustudyingatthemoment?W:Yeah,butI’mnotstudyinganythingconnectedwithclothesanddesign.M:Nothingtodowithyourjob!Whatareyoustudying?W:I’mstudyingsomethingabouthistory.M:Thecompanypays?W:Yes.Itpaysforsixofus.Wesixaredoingonlinecourses.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.WhatistheadvantageofbeingaSailorsClubmember?A.Buyingaboatatadiscount.B.Takingpartinallactivitiesforfree.C.Rentingaboatwithoutareservation.15.Howmuchdoesaclubmemberpayforrentingamedium-sizedboatperday?A.$27. B.$63. C.$90.16.WhatdoweknowaboutJackandLucy?A.Theyarefondoffishing.B.Theywillgosailingtoo.C.Theydislikesunbathingandswimming.【答案】14.C15.B16.A【原文】M:WouldyouliketogotosailingatLongBeachthisFridayafternoon?PaulandIaregoingtorentaboat.W:Yes,I’dloveto.Butwhereandhowcanyougetaboat?M:Youknow,wearemembersoftheSailorsClubthere,sowecanrentaboatwheneverweneedone.Andwedon’thavetobookitinadvance.W:Istherentexpensive?M:Nottoomuch.Weareclubmembers,sowecangeta30%discount.Foranon-clubmember,rentingamedium-sizedboatwillcost$90aday.W:Great.Infact,I’mabittiredofsunbathingandswimmingallday.M:WouldLucyandJackcometoo?W:You’dbetteraskthem.ButIguesstheyhavealreadymadeplans.Theyneverpassupanychancetogofishing.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whatdayisittoday?A.Wednesday. B.Thursday. C.Friday.18.What’stheaimoftheGardenClub?A.Tohelppoorpeople.B.Toteachstudentstogrowfood.C.Toprovidevegetablesfortheschoolcanteen.19.Whatcanstudentseatattheupcomingmeeting?A.Cabbages. B.Potatoes. C.Tomatoes.20.Wherecanthefreshmenworkaccordingtothespeaker?A.Inthecommunitygardens. B.Intheschoolgarden. C.Onthefarm.【答案】17.A18.B19.C20.B【原文】Goodmorning,everyone.TheGardenClubispleasedtoannouncethatwewillholdourfirstmeetingoftheyearthedayaftertomorrow.Yes,itwillbeonFriday.PleasecometoRoom207tolearnmoreabouttheexcitingworkthatwearedoingatschool,onthefarmandinthecommunity.TheGardenClubwasestablishedtoeducatestudentsabouthowtogrowfood.Wedonatesomeofwhatwegrowtolocalfoodassistanceprogramstohelppoorpeople.Thefoodwegrowishealthy.Ofcourse,weoffersometoourschoolcanteenandit’scookedforyou.Ifyoucometoourfirstmeeting,youcantrysomeofthetomatoeswegrewduringthesummer.Allstudentsarewelcome!Pleasenotethatfirst-yearstudentswillnotbeallowedtoworkonourfarmandcommunitygardens,buttheycanworkinourschoolgarden.WewillbeginplantingpotatoesandcabbagesintheschoolgardennextMonday.Areyouinterestedingrowingvegetables?PleaseSignupforourclubtoday!第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFamousinternationalmarathoneventsareheldinmajorcitiesaroundtheworldeveryyear.Ifyouhaveapassionformarathon,herearesomemostpopularonesthatmaybecomeyouroption.LondonMarathonTime:inlateAprilOverview:Bornin1981,itwasgeneratedbytheinspirationofNewYorkMarathon.ThedayswhenthecompetitionisheldarethemostimportantintheLondonsportschapter.Size:Morethan30,000BostonMarathonTime:Mid-AprilOverview:BostonMarathon,whichbeganonApril19,1897,istheworld’sfirstcitymarathoncompetition.Atthattime,only15runnersattended.Sinceitsestablishment,BostonMarathon,onceayear,hasneverbeeninterrupted.Size:Morethan10,000NewYorkMarathonTime:earlyNovemberOverview:Ifanymarathoncannothesitatetoclaimthatitisthemostpopularintheworld,itisNewYorkMarathon.TheNewYorkMarathon’sreputationissecondonlytoBoston,foundedin1970,andtheparticipantsexceeded100,000people.Size:Morethan30,000ChicagoMarathonTime:Mid-OctoberOverview:ChicagoMarathonwasfoundedinthe1970s.Since1997,ithascreatedamazingresultsforthreeyearsinarow,makingitthebestandlargestmarathonintheUnitedStates.Size:Morethan35,000AmsterdamMarathonTime:OctoberOverview:TheAmsterdamMarathonbeganinthelate1970s.Comparedwithothertopmarathonsintheworld,AmsterdamMarathonissmallwithapleasantatmosphere.Butmostplayerscomefromallovertheworldandtheyareattractedbythecharm(魅力)ofthiscityandthespeedofthismarathon.Size:Morethan2,000people21.Whichmarathoneventhasthelongesthistory?A.LondonMarathon B.BostonMarathonC.NewYorkMarathon D.ChicagoMarathon22.WhatdoLondonMarathonandChicagoMarathonhaveincommon?A.Theiryearofbirth B.TheirnumberofparticipantsC.Theirimpactathome D.Theirorigininhistory23.WhatisspecialaboutAmsterdamMarathon?A.ItgainedwidepopularityalloverEurope.B.Mostoftheplayersareattractedbyitsroute.C.Thebestworldrecordisheldinthisevent.D.Thenumberofplayersisrelativelysmall.【答案】21.B22.C23.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了世界上几个著名的国际马拉松赛事，包括它们举办的时间、赛事概况以及参赛规模等相关信息。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据LondonMarathon部分“Bornin1981,itwasgeneratedbytheinspirationofNewYorkMarathon.(1981年诞生，由纽约马拉松赛的灵感而来)”可知，LondonMarathon始于1981年；根据BostonMarathon部分“BostonMarathon,whichbeganonApril19,1897,istheworld’sfirstcitymarathoncompetition.(波士顿马拉松赛始于1897年4月19日，是世界上最早的城市马拉松比赛)”可知，BostonMarathon始于1897年；根据NewYorkMarathon部分的“TheNewYorkMarathon’sreputationissecondonlytoBoston,foundedin1970,andtheparticipantsexceeded100,000people.(纽约马拉松的声誉仅次于波士顿，成立于1970年，参赛者超过10万人)”可知，NewYorkMarathon始于1970年；根据ChicagoMarathon部分“ChicagoMarathonwasfoundedinthe1970s.(芝加哥马拉松成立于1970年代)”可知，ChicagoMarathon始于20世纪70年代；根据AmsterdamMarathon部分“TheAmsterdamMarathonbeganinthelate1970s(阿姆斯特丹马拉松始于1970年代末)”可知，AmsterdamMarathon始于20世纪70年代后期。通过对比可知，BostonMarathon有着最长的历史，故选B项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据LondonMarathon的介绍中提到“ThedayswhenthecompetitionisheldarethemostimportantintheLondonsportschapter.(举办比赛的日子是伦敦体育篇章中最重要的时刻)”以及ChicagoMarathon的介绍中提到“Since1997,ithascreatedamazingresultsforthreeyearsinarow,makingitthebestandlargestmarathonintheUnitedStates.(自1997年以来，它连续三年创造了惊人的成绩，使其成为美国最好、规模最大的马拉松赛事)”可知它们共同之处在于在各自所在地区有着重要影响力，也就是在国内的影响力，故选C项。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据AmsterdamMarathon的介绍“Comparedwithothertopmarathonsintheworld,AmsterdamMarathonissmallwithapleasantatmosphere.(与世界上其他顶级马拉松赛事相比，阿姆斯特丹马拉松规模较小，但氛围宜人)”以及给出的参赛规模“Size:Morethan2,000people(规模：超过2000人)”可知阿姆斯特丹马拉松相比之下马拉松赛人数少，这是它比较特别的地方，故选D项。BSatow,now56,leftherhomeinVirginiatwodecadesagotostartanewlifeinsouthernFrance.Borninafamilyoffarmerswithapassionforthekitchen,shehadabackgroundincatering(餐饮业)andherloveoffoodfueledherambitionofonedaymovingtotheFrenchregion,Provence.Satowworkedforseveralhigh-qualitydiningrestaurantsintheUS,whichinspiredherpassionforfinefood,wineandcooking.SheattendedacookingschoolinColorado,whereshecompletedacourseinFrenchtechniquesandjoinedawineclub.Asithappened,herBritishhusband’sjobtookthecoupleacrosstheAtlanticandin2005,theysettlednearProvence,apicturesquetown.LaterSatowmetherFrenchpartner,ChristopheDaumas,withwhosesupportandencouragement,shestartedlookingforaspecializedspacewhereshecouldoffercookingclasses.LaCuisineProvençal,hercookingschool,finallyopenedin2021.Shenowhascustomersfromallovertheworld,mostlytravelerscomingtoProvenceforthefirsttime,butalsolocals.Inthewinterwhentherearefewertourists,sheoffersclassesforFrenchpeoplesuchascreatingaholidaymeal.TheschoolofferscollectivegroupclassesinEnglishandFrenchwithamaximumof50participants,andorganizesprivatedinners.Atthebeginning,Satowadmits,shewasquiteconcernedasanoutsiderandcouldnotimaginecompetingwithFrenchchefs.Sincethen,mainlyonherown,shehasreadhundredsofrecipes,learnedlotsoftips,discoveredFrenchregionaldishesandtastedwineatdomains(葡萄园).Shelikestosticktoteachingreallocalcuisinewithafewchanges.“ItisimportanttoshowrespectforthelocalProvencalcuisinewhichdevelopedoverhundredsofyearsandisstillmadebylocalpeopleintheirhomes.I’vetakenthoserecipesandimprovedthemwiththenovelcuisineandcheftechniquesIlearnedintheUS,andI’veaddedmyowntouches.”shesays.24.WhatdoyouknowaboutSatowbeforehercomingtoProvence?A.Shehadnoworkingexperienceincatering.B.Herambitionwastorunherownrestaurant.C.ShecompletedhercourseincookinginUS.D.HerFrenchpartnergavehermuchencouragement.25.WhatcanwelearnaboutLaCuisineProvençal?A.Bothtouristsandnativescanattendtheschool.B.Mostofthelearnerscomefromoverseas.C.Therearecoursesoncuisinearoundtheearth.D.Itoffersclassesforlocalsfreeofcharge.26.WhichwordscanbestdescribeSatow?A.Generousandinfluential. B.Outgoingandfriendly.C.Hardworkinganddetermined. D.Caringandconfident.27.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Satow’steachingstrategies. B.Satow’sattitudetocuisine.C.Satow’spassionforcooking. D.Satow’slifechanges.【答案】24.C25.A26.C27.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了热爱烹饪的美国人Satow实现了移居法国普罗旺斯的理想，并在法国普罗旺斯开办烹饪学校的经历。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“SheattendedacookingschoolinColorado,whereshecompletedacourseinFrenchtechniquesandjoinedawineclub.(她参加了科罗拉多州的一所烹饪学校，在那里她完成了一门法餐烹饪技术课程，并加入了一个葡萄酒俱乐部。)”可知，Satow在美国完成了烹饪课程。故选C项。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“LaCuisineProvençal,hercookingschool,finallyopenedin2021.Shenowhascustomersfromallovertheworld,mostlytravelerscomingtoProvenceforthefirsttime,butalsolocals.Inthewinterwhentherearefewertourists,sheoffersclassesforFrenchpeoplesuchascreatingaholidaymeal.(她的烹饪学校LaCuisineProvençal终于在2021年开业。她现在的顾客来自世界各地，大多数是第一次来普罗旺斯的游客，但也有当地人。在游客较少的冬季，她为法国人提供课程，比如制作节日大餐。)”可知，关于烹饪学校LaCuisineproven，游客和当地人都可以参加出席。故选A项。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Sincethen,mainlyonherown,shehasreadhundredsofrecipes,learnedlotsoftips,discoveredFrenchregionaldishesandtastedwineatdomains(葡萄园).(从那时起，她主要靠自己的力量阅读了数百份食谱，学习了许多技巧，发现了法国地方美食，品尝了葡萄酒。)”以及第六段中“Shelikestosticktoteachingreallocalcuisinewithafewchanges.(她喜欢坚持教授一些有变化的真正的当地美食。)”可知，Satow学习和提升厨艺的过程中展现出的坚持与努力，可得出Satow是一个勤奋和意志坚定的人。故选C项。【27题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Shelikestosticktoteachingreallocalcuisinewithafewchanges.“ItisimportanttoshowrespectforthelocalProvencalcuisinewhichdevelopedoverhundredsofyearsandisstillmadebylocalpeopleintheirhomes.I’vetakenthoserecipesandimprovedthemwiththenovelcuisineandcheftechniquesIlearnedintheUS,andI’veaddedmyowntouches.”shesays.(她喜欢坚持教授一些有变化的真正的当地美食。“尊重普罗旺斯当地的美食是很重要的，它已经发展了数百年，仍然是当地人在家里制作的。我借鉴了这些食谱，用我在美国学到的新奇的烹饪方法和烹饪技巧对它们进行了改进，并加入了我自己的风格。她说。)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是Satow对烹饪的态度。故选B项。CAFrenchskiresort(度假区),AlpeduGrandSerre(AGS),issettoclosepermanentlyduetothedecreasingsnowfallsandalackoffundstotransformitintoayear-roundattraction.Thedecisionwasmadebythelocalcouncil(理事会),whichvotedtostopfundingfortheresort’stransformationplans.Theresort,locatedintheIsèreregion,isoneofseverallower-lyingskidestinationsinEuropefacinganexistingdanger,drivenbyhumansburningfossilfuels.Facedwithdecreasingsnowfalls,thetownhadchampionedaplan,AGS2050,whichhadaimedtoreplaceskiliftsandimprovethestationforbothsummerandwintersports.Butwithunreliablewintersnowfall,completingtheprojectbecametoorisky.Over2.8millioneuroshavebeeninvestedsince2017,butthecouncilpresidentsaidtheimpactofcommittingtwomoreyearswithoutaclearfuturewastoogreat.Theclosureoftheresortwillbedevastatingforthelocaleconomy,withnearly200jobsdependentonit.MarieBattistel,anofficeroftheregion,warnedthattheclosuresendsadangersignalonanationalscale.“Thestateisnotgivingusanyspecificsupportforthefutureoftheresortorforatransitionaloperation,”saidSaurat,whohadwarnedthattheresortwasfacinga7millioneurosholeinitsbudget.AGS’sclosureisjustoneexampleofthegrowingnumberofskiresortsstrugglingtodealwithdecliningsnowfalls.Otherresorts,suchasGrandPuyandLaSambuy,havealsoclosedpermanentlyortakeaparttheirskilifts.SnowexpertCarloCarmagnolaestimatesthat40%ofskiresortsintheFrenchAlpsnowdependonman-madesnowtostayopen,withhigherpercentagesinItalyandAustria.28.What’spartofthereasonforAGS’sclosure?A.Weaktourism. B.Climatechange.C.Geographiclocation. D.Badmanagement.29.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheAGS2050plan?A.Thereasonforitsfailureisashortageoffund.B.Itwouldtakethreemoreyearstocompletetheplan.C.Thecouncilpresidentisquiteconfidentofitsfuture.D.Ithadintendedtoupdatetheequipmentandbuilding.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devastating”meaninParagraph3?A.Hopeless. B.Disastrous. C.Uncontrollable. D.Disappointing.31.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheClosureofaLargeSkiResortB.TheFutureoftheFrenchSkiResortsC.TheFailureoftheAGSPlan2050D.TheInfluenceofSnowfallonskiresorts【答案】28.B29.D30.B31.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述法国滑雪胜地AlpeduGrandSerre(AGS)因气候变化缺少雪资源和当地理事会的资金支持，将永久关闭。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“AFrenchskiresort(度假区),AlpeduGrandSerre(AGS),issettoclosepermanentlyduetothedecreasingsnowfallsandalackoffundstotransformitintoayear-roundattraction.Thedecisionwasmadebythelocalcouncil(理事会),whichvotedtostopfundingfortheresort’stransformationplans.(由于降雪量减少和缺乏资金将其改造成一个全年开放的景点，法国滑雪胜地阿尔卑斯山脉（AGS）将永久关闭。这一决定是由当地议会做出的，他们投票决定停止为度假村的改造计划提供资金)”可知，由于降雪量减少和缺乏资金将其改造成一个全年开放的景点。由此可知，气候变化是导致AGS关闭的部分原因。故选B项。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Facedwithdecreasingsnowfalls,thetownhadchampionedaplan,AGS2050,whichhadaimedtoreplaceskiliftsandimprovethestationforbothsummerandwintersports.(面对降雪量的减少，该镇支持了一项名为AGS2050的计划，该计划旨在取代滑雪缆车，并改善车站的夏季和冬季运动。)”可知，AGS2050计划取代滑雪缆车，并改善车站的夏季和冬季运动。由此可知，AGS2050计划的目的是更新设备和建筑。故选D项。【30题详析】词义猜测题。根据划线词下文“...withnearly200jobsdependentonit.(这里有近200个工作岗位)”和“MarieBattistel,anofficeroftheregion,warnedthattheclosuresendsadangersignalonanationalscale.(该地区官员玛丽·巴蒂斯尔（MarieBattistel）警告说，关闭在全国范围内发出了危险信号)”可知，有200个工作岗位依赖它，对滑雪胜地的关闭在全国范围内发出了危险信号。由此可知，关闭滑雪胜地可能是对当地经济是灾难性的。由此推知，划线词devastating与disastrous“灾难性的”意义相近。故选B项。【31题详析】主旨大意题。根据首段中的“AFrenchskiresort(度假区),AlpeduGrandSerre(AGS),issettoclosepermanentlyduetothedecreasingsnowfallsandalackoffundstotransformitintoayear-roundattraction.(由于降雪量减少和缺乏资金将其改造成一个全年开放的景点，法国滑雪胜地阿尔卑斯山脉（AGS）将永久关闭)”可知，法国的滑雪胜地AGS将永久关闭，结合下文介绍的滑雪胜地关闭的原因，以及关闭前的2050计划，和滑雪度假村的关闭带来的影响和其他关闭的滑雪场，由此可知，文章一直围绕滑雪度假村的关闭展开介绍。由此可知，TheClosureofaLargeSkiResort(一家大型滑雪场的关闭)概括了本文的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选A项。DInasinglein-breath,humansenseofsmellcanrecognizethedifferencebetweenodors(气味)quickly.Itslevelofsensitivityisequaltocolorvision,accordingtoanewstudy.Thisdoesn’tagreewiththewidelyheldbeliefthatolfaction(嗅觉)isslow.Theresearchers,fromtheUniversityofChineseAcademyofSciencesandtheOhioStateUniversity,developedadevicethatincludedtwomainparts.Oneallowsodorstoflowinonedirectionandtheotheriscapableofdeliveringodorstohumannosewithanaccuracyof18milliseconds.Theresearchersasked229adultsinChinatowearthisdeviceandsmelldifferentodormixtures.Twoodorsarepresentedoneafteranotherwithinasinglein-breath.Theyfoundthatparticipantscouldidentifydifferentodororderswhenthetwoodorswereonly60millisecondsapart,whichchallengedthetimingofthepreviousresearch,around1,200milliseconds.Theynotedthattheyusedonlyfourodorsandthatitwouldbebeneficialtotestawidervarietytodeterminewhetherthehumanolfactionismoresensitivetocertainodorormixture.“Thisstudyshedsimportantlightonthepuzzlingsystemthatsupporthumanodorrecognition,”Dr.RobertDattawrote,aprofessorintheDepartmentofNeurobiologyatHarvardMedicalSchool.Thestudyofhumanolfactionhashistoricallyfallenbehindthatofvisionandhearing,becauseashumans,wethinkofourselvesasvisualcreaturesthatlargelyusespeechtocommunicate.Ithelpsfillakeygapinourunderstandingofhowweashumanssmell.32.Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?A.Bypresentingexamples. B.Byanalyzingthedata.C.Byconductinganexperiment. D.Byinterviewingparticipants.33.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3?A.Participantsrecognizedodorsinashortertimethanpreviouslythought.B.Theresultofthepreviousresearchwasnotasaccurateasthenewfinding.C.Therewaslimitationontherangeoftheodorsinthepreviousresearch.D.Moreodorsormixturemightbeemployedinthetestofthefurtherstudy.34.What’sDr.RoberDatta’sattitudetowardthenewfinding?A.Supportive B.Negative C.Objective D.Disappointed35.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?A.Tostressthesignificanceofthenewstudy.B.Toshowthefuturefocusoftheresearchteam.C.Topredictthepossibilitiesofthefurtherstudy.D.Toexplainthereasonsforthegapofthestudy.【答案】32.C33.D34.A35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项新研究表明人类的嗅觉很灵敏，研究人员通过相关实验得出了相关结论，并且阐述了该研究的意义等内容。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Theresearchersasked229adultsinChinatowearthisdeviceandsmelldifferentodormixtures.Twoodorsarepresentedoneafteranotherwithinasinglein-breath(研究人员让229名中国成年人佩戴这种设备，闻不同的气味混合物。在一次吸气过程中，两种气味依次呈现)”可知，研究人员是通过让参与者进行相关实验操作来开展研究的，也就是通过做实验的方式，故选C项。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Theynotedthattheyusedonlyfourodorsandthatitwouldbebeneficialtotestawidervarietytodeterminewhetherthehumanolfactionismoresensitivetocertainodorormixture.(他们指出，他们只使用了四种气味，测试更广泛的种类来确定人类嗅觉是否对某些气味或混合物更敏感将是有益的)”可以推断出，在后续的进一步研究测试中，可能会采用更多的气味或混合物，故选D项。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段““Thisstudyshedsimportantlightonthepuzzlingsystemthatsupporthumanodorrecognition,”Dr.RobertDattawrote(哈佛医学院神经生物学系教授罗伯特・达塔博士写道：“这项研究为支持人类气味识别的复杂系统提供了重要线索。”)”可知这项研究为支持人类气味识别的复杂系统提供了重要线索，可推理出罗伯特・达塔博士对这项新发现是持支持态度的，故选A项。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Thisstudyshedsimportantlightonthepuzzlingsystemthatsupporthumanodorrecognition,”Dr.RobertDattawrote,aprofessorintheDepartmentofNeurobiologyatHarvardMedicalSchool.Thestudyofhumanolfactionhashistoricallyfallenbehindthatofvisionandhearing,becauseashumans,wethinkofourselvesasvisualcreaturesthatlargelyusespeechtocommunicate.Ithelpsfillakeygapinourunderstandingofhowweashumanssmell.(“这项研究为我们理解支持人类气味识别的神秘系统提供了重要线索，”哈佛医学院神经生物学系的罗伯特·达塔博士写道。对人类嗅觉的研究历来落后于视觉和听觉，因为我们人类自认为是主要通过语言进行交流的视觉生物。这项研究帮助我们填补了对人类嗅觉理解的关键空白)”可知，这项研究为人类气味识别系统提供了重要线索，填补了我们对人类嗅觉理解方面的关键空白等内容，由此可以看出作者写最后一段的目的是强调这项新研究的重要意义，故选A项。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoAdjustOurMetabolismMostofushaveheardthatagoodmetabolism(新陈代谢)isthegoldentickettoweightloss.____36____Simplyput,metabolismistheenergyusedbythephysicalprocessesthatkeepusalive.Whileourbiggestriskofmetabolicdeclineisaging,herearesomeofthebestsmallchangesinhabitthatcanhelpusimprovemetabolism.WatchtheSunriseSimplybeingbathedinearlymorningsunshinecanincreaseourmetabolismnaturally.Ourmasterbodyclocksworkbestwheninstepwiththesun,receivingbrightlightinthemorning.____37____SafeguardOurSleepSleepistheresetbuttonforourmetabolism.Prepareourbrainforbedtimebydimming(变暗)thelightsafewhoursbeforehand.____38____Also,ifyoursleepisconstantlyinterruptedbylightsnoring(鼾声),useabreathingstriponyournosetohelpopenthenarrowedpassagebehindyournose.____39____Trythiseasysystem:Inthemorning,putfiverubberbandsonourwrist.Everytimewedrink16ouncesofwater,takeoffabandandputitonthebottle.Researchersfoundthatmetabolicratejumpedby30percentforupto40minutesafter14volunteersdrank16ouncesofwater.Itwasestimatedthatoverayear,increasingwaterconsumptionbytwocupsadaycouldburnanextrafivepoundsorso.Whilethere’sobviouslynosolutiontoaging,wecanlearntoadjustourmetabolismasourbodychangesovertime.Nooneknowsourbodylikewedo,andlisteningtoourbodyiscrucial.____40____A.IncreaseWaterConsumptionB.SetUpaSuitableReminderSystemC.Findwhatworksforus—thensticktodoingit.D.Turnoffbrightoverheadsandturnonbedsidelampswithwarmlight.E.Butthatseriouslyundervaluesmetabolism’sroleinourbodiesandhealth.F.We’dbetterspendatleast15minuteseverymorningoutdoorsinsunlight.G.Weburnupmostofdailycalorieswhileatrestbysleepingandbreathing.【答案】36.E37.F38.D39.A40.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如何调节新陈代谢。【36题详析】上文“Mostofushaveheardthatagoodmetabolism(新陈代谢)isthegoldentickettoweightloss.(我们大多数人都听说，良好的新陈代谢是减肥的金奖券。)”提到大多数人对新陈代谢很重视，E项（但这严重低估了新陈代谢在我们身体和健康中的作用。）中的But表示转折，指出这种看法严重低估了新陈代谢在我们身体和健康中的作用，下文“Simplyput,metabolismistheenergyusedbythephysicalprocessesthatkeepusalive.(简而言之，新陈代谢是维持我们生命的物理过程所消耗的能量。)”则进一步解释了新陈代谢的定义。故选E项。【37题详析】上文“Ourmasterbodyclocksworkbestwheninstepwiththesun,receivingbrightlightinthemorning.(我们的主生物钟在与太阳同步时工作得最好，在早晨接收明亮的光线。)”提到我们的生物钟在早上接受阳光照射时效果最好，F项（我们最好每天早上至少在户外阳光下呆15分钟。）则建议我们每天早上最好在户外阳光下待的时间，与上文内容相衔接，故选F项。【38题详析】本段主要讲睡眠是我们新陈代谢的重置按钮。上文“Prepareourbrainforbedtimebydimming(变暗)thelightsafewhoursbeforehand.(提前几个小时调暗灯光，让我们的大脑为睡前做好准备。)”提到在睡觉前几个小时把灯调暗，为大脑入睡做准备，D项（关掉明亮的头顶灯，用暖光打开床头灯。）则进一步说明了如何为入睡做准备，故选D项。【39题详析】下文“Trythiseasysystem:Inthemorning,putfiverubberbandsonourwrist.Everytimewedrink16ouncesofwater,takeoffabandandputitonthebottle.(试试这个简单的方法：早上，在手腕上绑五条橡皮筋。每次我们喝16盎司的水，取下一条带子，把它放在瓶子上。)”提到一个督促自己喝水的简单的方法，A项（增加用水量）概括了下文内容，适合作为本段小标题。故选A项。【40题详析】上文“Whilethere’sobviouslynosolutiontoaging,wecanlearntoadjustourmetabolismasourbodychangesovertime.Nooneknowsourbodylikewedo,andlisteningtoourbodyiscrucial.(虽然衰老显然没有解决方案，但我们可以学会随着身体的变化来调整新陈代谢。没有人像我们一样了解我们的身体，倾听我们的身体是至关重要的。)”提到倾听自己的身体至关重要，C项（找到对我们有效的方法，然后坚持下去。）则建议我们根据身体的情况找到适合自己的方法并坚持下去，与上文内容相衔接，故选C项。第三部分语言应用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题，每题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Afterdriving150milesfromourlastdestinationonroadtrip,mywifeandIfelttiredandhungry.Asdarkness____41____,wedecidedtospendthenightwithoursonina____42____village.Drivingintothevillage,weweresurprisedto