2023-2024学年河南省驻马店市高二上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省驻马店市2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whyisthewomanbusy?A.Shehaslotsofworktodo.B.Sheispreparingforexams.C.Sheismakinglunchforothers.【答案】B【原文】M:Hey,Aiste,whatareyoudoing?W:Iammakingsomelunch.IamverybusynowbecauseIhavetostudyforexams,soIammakingsomethingveryquick.2.Wheredidtheconversationtakeplace?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inafoodshop. C.Inagrocery.【答案】A【原文】W:Waiter,canyoucomehereforamoment?I’mafraidyou’vemadeamistake.Thisisn’twhatIordered.M:Sosorry.I’llcheckit.3.Whatdidthemanaskthewomantodoforhim?A.Mendhisshirt. B.Ironhisshirt. C.Makehimacoffee.【答案】B【原文】M:Myshirtneedsironing.Couldyoupleasehelpmewiththat,Mary?W:OK,I’llironyourshirtforyou,butonlyifyoumakemeacupofcoffee.4.Whatistheman’sadviceforthewoman?A.Seeadoctor. B.Gotowork. C.Drinkmorewater.【答案】A【原文】M:What’swrongwithyou,Lucy?Youlookalittlepale.W:I’mafraidI’vegotabadcold.WhatshouldIdo?M:Well,ifIwereyou,I’dseeadoctorandstayinbedtodayinsteadofgoingtowork.5.Howistheweathernow?A.Sunny. B.Snowy. C.Rainy.【答案】C【原文】W:Itdoesn’tlookverygoodtoday.It’srainingalot.M:Ithasbeenrainingfromearlyinthemorning.Idon’tlikethisweather.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers. B.Neighbors. C.Co-workers.7.Whichbuswillthemantake?A.No.3. B.No.13. C.No.30.【答案】6.A7.C【原文】M:Excuseme.HowcanIgettothePeople’sParkfromhere?W:Well,youcantaketheNo.13bus,butyouhavetowalkabouthalfanhour.M:Nottoobad.W:Butifyougotothenextbusstop,youcantakeNo.30buswhichwillletyouoffinfrontofthepark.M:That’swhatI’lldo.Thanks.W:You’rewelcome.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’sinterest?A.Boring. B.Strange. C.Great.9.Whatdoesthemandoinhissparetime?A.Playtheviolin. B.Playthepiano. C.Collectmatchboxes.10.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Jobs. B.Hobbies. C.Friends.【答案】8.C9.C10.B【原文】M:Whatdoyoudoinyourfreetime,Nancy?W:Well,Ilikeplayingtheviolin.M:Really?Itiswonderful!Howlonghaveyoubeenplayingtheviolin?W:Abouttenyearssofar.IstartedlearningwhenIwasinmiddleschool.M:That’sreallyinteresting.W:Sure.Sowhataboutyou?Doyouhaveanyhobbies?M:Well,Ilikecollectingmatchboxes!I’mnotsureifthatcounts,though.W:Ofcourseitdoes.Everybodyhashisownhobby.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Whatdoesthemanwanttodoaftergraduation?A.Hewantstofurtherhisstudy.B.Hewantstobeaprofessor.C.Hehasn’tmadeuphismindyet.12.Whomightthewomanbe?A.Theman’smother. B.Theman’sprofessor. C.Theman’smanager.13.Whatdidthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Gainsomeexperience.B.Stopwastingtimewanderingaround.C.Focusonhisgraduateschoolentranceexam.【答案】11.C12.B13.B【原文】W:You’llsoongraduatefromuniversity.Doyouhaveanyplansforthefuture?M:I’mplanningtogotograduateschool,butIalsowanttofindajob.Otherwise,I’llhavenowheretogoifIfailtheentranceexam.W:Doyouhaveaclearcareerpathtofollow?M:Careerpath?I’mnotsure.W:Whatkindofjobdoyouwantaftergraduation?M:Iwanttobecomeaprofessor,alawyer,aneditor,acivilservant...W:Wait!Youcan’tdosomanythingsatthesametime.Whatexactlydoyouwant?M:Idon’tknow.Doyouhaveanyadviceforme?W:Youshouldfirstdecidewhatkindofcareeryoureallywant,planyourcareerpath,andthentryyourbesttoachieveyourgoal.M:IthinkperhapsIneedtobuyafewyearswhileIfigureoutaboutmycareer.W:No,youcan’twasteyourtimewanderingaround.Ifyouwantajobthatrequiresahigherdegree,youshouldfocusonyourgraduateschoolentranceexam;ifyouwantajobthatneedsexperience,youshouldgainsomeexperience.M:Thankyou,Mrs.Wood.I’llthinkitover.W:OK.Cometomyofficeintheworkingtimeifyouhaveanyquestion.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whydidthemanmakethephonecall?A.Toaskforafavor. B.Tobookaroom. C.Tomakeacomplaint.15.Whatisincludedintheroomservice?A.Meals. B.Acomputer. C.Newspaperdelivery.16.Whichsuitewillthemantake?A.Theoneonthefirstfloor.B.Theoneonthethirdfloor.C.Theoneonthethirteenthfloor.17.Howlongwillthemanstayatthehotel?A.17-20days. B.10-27days. C.17-27days.【答案】14.B15.C16.C17.A【原文】W:Goodafternoon.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Goodafternoon.ThisisWest.I’mcallingtobookasuite.W:Thankyou,Mr.West.I’mgladyouwillbestayingatourhotel.M:Howmuchisthesuite?Andwhatservicescomewiththat?W:Yoursuiteis320yuan(RMB)perday.Youwillhaveonebedroomwithair-conditioning,asittingroom,abathroom,acolorTVset,atelephoneandamajorinternationalnewspaperdeliveredtoyourroomeveryday.M:Onwhichflooristhesuite?W:Wehavetwo.Oneisonthefirstfloor,theotheronthethirteenthfloor.Bothhaveabathroomandfacethesouth.Theoneonthethirteenthfloorisveryquiet.Theroomnumberis1316.M:I’lltakethat.W:OK.Andyourarrivalanddeparturedates?M:Idon’tknow,butitcouldbeseventeentotwentydays.W:Thenwecanonlyconfirmaroomfromthe10thtothe27th.M:Whatifthereisn’tanyroomthen?W:Don’tworry.Wecaneitherputyouonawaitinglistorfindyouaroominanearbyhotel.M:Fine,thankyou.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Whatdoesthespeakerusuallybuyforhisfriends?A.Somethinghelikes.B.Somethingsuitableforhisfriends.C.Somethingvaluable.19.Whydoesthemandislikegivinggifts?A.Itcostsmuchtime.B.Thegiftsareexpensive.C.Hedoesn’tknowwhatotherslike.20.Whatwouldthemanwantasabirthdaygift?A.Acake. B.Apairofearrings. C.Acard.【答案】18.A19.C20.C【原文】Theholidayseasoniscomingupandmanyculturesgivegiftsfordifferentholidays.I’mnotreallygoodatchoosinggiftsforpeople,though.BecauseeverytimeIgoandbuysomethingforsomeone,IwanttobuysomethingthatIlikeandIwouldthinkthatitwouldlookgoodonthemorsomething.Butthenmyfriendsdon’treallylikethegiftsomuchbecauseitdoesn’tsuitthem.Forexample,IboughtapairofearringsforafriendandthenIrealizedthatshedoesn’treallylikejewelries,sosheneverworeit.It’skindofhardtoknowwhattheywant.Actually,forthatreason,Idon’tlikegivinggiftsatall.Ithinkit’sbecauseofmybackground,likestudyingeconomics.It’sjust,tome,inefficient.You’rebuyingsomething,youdon’tknowiftheyreallywantitandtheysay,“Oh.It’sthethoughtthatcounts.”Youwastetimefindingthegiftandthenyougivethemthegiftandmaybetheydon’tuseit.SoI’mnotabigfanofgiftgiving.Evenforbirthdays.Andforme,ifitweremybirthday,Iwouldhavesomeonemakeacardforme.Itwouldhavemorevaluethansomeonebuyinggiftsformeanyway.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThe4BestRestaurantsinManchesterLondongetsalotofcreditasEngland’sbestcityforfood,butManchestercomesinaclosesecond.Thenortherncityhasanexpansivefoodscenewithmanydifferentglobalcuisinespackedintoitsmanyneighborhoods.Hereare4ofManchester’sbestrestaurants.HawksmoorIfyoulikeagoodsteak,immediatelybookatableatHawksmoor.HawksmoorisalsoknownforitsmassiveSundayroast,availablefromlunchtimeonSundays,andit’sthesortofspotwhereyoucangoforaburgeratthebar.AskyourserverabouttheShakyPete’sGingerBrew,acocktailthatisrepresentativeatHawksmoor.YuzuYuzuisyourbestchoiceforgoodJapanesefoodinthecity.It’saJapanesetapasbar,whichmeansYuzuserveseverythingfromsashimitotempuratogyozainawaythatallowstheguesttotryitall.It’sopenforlunchanddinner,andreservations(预订)arerecommended.HispiHeadtoSouthManchestertodiscoverHispi,acasualrestaurantservingsomeofthemostdeliciousdishesinthecity.Themenuisfamiliar,withselectionslikesmokedlambandmiso-glazedsquash.There’saspecialSundaylunchmenuservingtwoorthreecourses,andfamiliesarewelcomethankstoabeautifulkidsmenu.Hispiispartofapopulargroupofrestaurants,includingBurntTruffleandStickyWalnut.Bookinadvance,ifpossible.ManaManahasbeenManchester’sfirstMichelin-starredrestaurantsince1977,whichisbyreservationonly.Everythingispresentedasasetmenuwithanoptionalwinepairing,butyougettomakeafewchoicesalongtheway.Gofortheshorterlunchmenuifyouwanttogettheexperienceonabudget.21.WhatisspecialaboutYuzu?A.Itisavailablefrombreakfasttime. B.ItoffersJapanesefood.C.Itservesmostdeliciousdishes. D.Itgivesawayawinepairing.22.WhyisHispiasuitableplaceforfamiliestoeatin?A.Becauseofitsgoodlocation. B.Becauseofitscasualatmosphere.C.BecauseofitsSundaylunchmenu. D.Becauseofitschildren’smenu.23.WhichofthefollowingisaMichelin-starredrestaurant?A.Hawksmoor. B.Yuzu. C.Hispi. D.Mana.【答案】21.B22.D23.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了曼彻斯特的四家最佳餐厅。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据“Yuzu”下面的“YuzuisyourbestchoiceforgoodJapanesefoodinthecity.(Yuzu是你在这个城市品尝日本美食的最佳选择。)”可知，Yuzu提供日本美食。故选B。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据“Hispi”下面的“There’saspecialSundaylunchmenuservingtwoorthreecourses,andfamiliesarewelcomethankstoabeautifulkidsmenu.(有一份特殊的周日午餐菜单，提供两到三道菜，而且由于有一份极好的儿童菜单，这里欢迎家庭。)”可知，Hispi适合家庭用餐，因为这里有儿童菜单。故选D。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“ManahasbeenManchester’sfirstMichelin-starredrestaurantsince1977,whichisbyreservationonly.(自1977年以来，Mana一直是曼彻斯特第一家米其林星级餐厅，仅限预订。)”可知，Mana是一家米其林星级餐厅。故选D。BShenYue,26,wasborninEastChina’sShandongprovince,aregionthatmanypeoplebelieveprioritizessecure,officially-budgetedpositionssuchascivilservice.However,Shen’sdecisiontodiveintotheunpredictableworldoffull-timevideobloggingaftergraduatingin2019,withafocusonthepopulargameLeagueofLegends(LOL),raisedeyebrows.Initially,Shen’sfamilysupportedhiscareerchoice,butwhenhestruggledtomakeendsmeetwithinthefirstyear,theybegantoadvisehimtoseekamoresecurejob.ButShenremaineddeterminedandpersistedwithhischosenpath.AturningpointinShen’scareeroccurredatthestartofthisyearwhenhepostedaseeminglyoddvideo,replacingtheDandFkeysonakeyboard,crucialforin-gamecharacteractions,withafootpedal.Describingitasa“pointlessinvention”createdforfun,Shenadmittedthatthevideoinitiallyreceivedlimitedattention.Butamessagefromaviewerwhohadlostanarminacaraccidentchangedeverything.Theviewer,whoreliedononehandtoplaygames,soughtguidanceoncreatingasimilarfootpedal.“Ihadn’trealizedthattherewouldbedisabledplayersinneedofthiskindofpedal,”Shensaid.Despitehislimitedknowledgeofcircuit-building,hemanagedtoproduce10differentfootpedalsandtraveledtoChongqingtopersonallyassisttheplayerininstallation(安装),gainingvaluablefeedback.“Duetophysicallimitations,thisplayercouldonlyoperatetwosimplegamecharacters,”Shenexplained.However,withthisdevice,whichallowstheplayertopedalwithhisfoot,hecannowplaygameslikearegularpersonusingakeyboard.Recognizingthediverseneedsofdisabledplayersnationwide,Shenstartedprovidingfreeassistanceinmakingthesepedals.ThecontinuousfeedbackwithinthecommunityencouragedShentoimprovehisinventionsconstantly.Shen’svideosrecordinghisexperiencestouchedmanyinternetusers,earninghimthetitleofthetrue“legend”ofLOL.“I’mhonoredtoreceivethispraise.Butthereallegendsweretheaudiencewhosesupporthadmadetheneedsofdisabledplayerseasiertounderstand,”hesaid.24.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Shen’scareerwasthoughttobepromising.B.Shen’sdifficultiesdidn’tdefeathim.C.Shen’sfamilywerealwaysforhischoice.D.Shen’sjobfocusedondevelopinggames.25.Theviewer’smessagemadeShenrealizethat_________.A.therewassomeuseforthefootpedalB.differentfootpedalsshouldbecreatedC.hehelpedthedisabledusepedalsD.heneededtoacceptothers’feedback26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesShen?A.Modestandhonest. B.Determinedandcreative.C.Helpfulandbrave. D.Kindandhumorous.27.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Usefulnessof“Uselessness” B.BlogsofabloggerC.PossibilityoftheDisabled D.Knowingof“Unknowns”【答案】24.B25.A26.B27.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了来自山东的游戏博主沈悦为了好玩而设计了一个代替键盘按键的脚踏板，然而这个“无用的发明”却帮助了残疾玩家。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Initially,Shen’sfamilysupportedhiscareerchoice,butwhenhestruggledtomakeendsmeetwithinthefirstyear,theybegantoadvisehimtoseekamoresecurejob.ButShenremaineddeterminedandpersistedwithhischosenpath.(起初，沈的家人支持他的职业选择，但当他在第一年内入不敷出时，他们开始建议他找一份更有保障的工作。但是沈仍然坚持自己选择的道路。)”可知，当沈悦面对入不敷出的困境时，他并没有听从家人的建议去换工作，而是坚持自己的选择，由此可推测出，他并没有被困难打倒。故选B。【25题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Butamessagefromaviewerwhohadlostanarminacaraccidentchangedeverything.Theviewer,whoreliedononehandtoplaygames,soughtguidanceoncreatingasimilarfootpedal.“Ihadn’trealizedthattherewouldbedisabledplayersinneedofthiskindofpedal,”Shensaid.(但一位在车祸中失去一只手臂的观众发来的信息改变了一切。这位观众依靠一只手玩游戏，寻求制作类似脚踏板的指导。“我没有意识到会有残疾玩家需要这种踏板，”沈说。)”可知，这位失去一只手臂的观众给沈悦发来求助信息，沈悦意识到原来会有残疾玩家需要这种踏板，由此可推测出，沈悦意识到这种脚踏板有一定用处。故选A。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“ButShenremaineddeterminedandpersistedwithhischosenpath.(但是沈仍然坚持自己选择的道路。)”可知，当面临困难时，沈悦依然坚持自己的选择，由此可推测出，他是一个有决心的（determined）人。根据第三段中的“AturningpointinShen’scareeroccurredatthestartofthisyearwhenhepostedaseeminglyoddvideo,replacingtheDandFkeysonakeyboard,crucialforin-gamecharacteractions,withafootpedal.(沈职业生涯的转折点发生在今年年初，当时他发布了一段看似奇怪的视频，用脚踏板代替了键盘上的D键和F键，这些按键对游戏中的角色动作至关重要。)”可知，他设计了一款脚踏板，可以代替键盘上的D键和F键，由此可推测出，他是一个有创造性的（creative）人。故选B。【27题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一、二段讲述了沈悦投身于游戏视频博主职业并坚持这条道路；第三、四段讲述了他制作了一种脚踏板并帮助到了一位残疾玩家；第五段讲述了他开始免费帮助制作脚踏板，帮助有不同需求的残疾玩家；最后一段讲述了有关他经历的视频感动了许多网友。再根据第三段中的“Describingitasa“pointlessinvention”createdforfun,Shenadmittedthatthevideoinitiallyreceivedlimitedattention.(沈称这是为好玩而创造的“无用的发明”，他承认这段视频最初受到的关注有限。)”可知，本文主要讲述了沈悦发明的这款“无用发明”最终帮助残疾玩家能够像常人一样玩游戏，无用的发明发挥了用处，所以A项“‘无用’的有用性”符合题意。故选A。CIn1932,NaturepublishedanarticleentitledRelationsbetweenPureandAppliedScience,whicharguedstronglyfortheapplicationofscientificideastogettherecognitionitdeserved.Astimegoesby,thestatementstillringstrue;theimportanceofappliedscienceshouldnotbeignored.Inmedicine,theterm“benchtobedside”isoftenused.Itdescribeshowfundamentaldiscoveriesinbiologybecomethetechniquesandmedicinesthatsaveorimprovelives.Similarly,forthedevelopmentofnewimprovedmaterialsandenergysystems,weneedappliedsciencetodevelopourinitialdiscoveriesintousabletechnologies.Itisthisapplicationofinsightintoasystemthatbringsdiscoveriesoutofthelaboratoryandintotheeverydayworld.Thelinebetweenthepureandtheappliedscienceisnotahardborder,butabridgelinkingthetwo.Today’sworldfacesproblemswithcomplexcauses.FromthecontinuingimpactofSARS-CoV-2tothecrisisofclimatechangeandtheworknecessarytoachievetheSustainable(可持续的)DevelopmentGoals,scienceandtechnologywillplayanimportantroleinaddressingtheproblemswecollectivelyface.Iftheworldistobuildasustainableandequitablefuture,withrisingstandardsoflivingforall,advancesinourscientificunderstandingneedtogofromthebenchtonotjustthebedsidebutintoeveryaspectoflife.Toprovideahomeforthesestudies,werecognizethatmanuscriptspresentingapplicationsshouldbeassessedondifferentcriteria(标准)frommanuscriptsreportinganoveldiscovery.Itisimportanttosometimesputasidetherequirementfornovelinsightandratherconsiderpotentialusesandcurrentchallengesfacingeffectiveapplication.Whenreachingadecisiononthesuitabilityofsuchmanuscriptsforpublication,wewilluseasguidanceparameters(参数)ofanapplication,aswellasanassessmentofhowmarketreadyatechnologyorapplicationis.28.WhydoestheauthormentionthearticlepublishedinNature?A.Topromoteamagazine. B.Toofferanexample.C.Tointroduceatopic. D.Toattractmorereaders.29.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Theimportanceofappliedscience.B.Theresearchinto“benchtobedside”.C.Thesimilaritiesbetweenpureandappliedscience.D.Thecontrastbetweenmedicineandappliedscience.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“addressing”inparagraph3mean?A.Handling. B.Accepting. C.Writing. D.Exposing.31.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Aresearchpaper.C.Aguidebook. D.Abiologytextbook.【答案】28.C29.A30.A31.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了应用科学的重要性。【28题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“In1932,NaturepublishedanarticleentitledRelationsbetweenPureandAppliedScience,whicharguedstronglyfortheapplicationofscientificideastogettherecognitionitdeserved.Astimegoesby,thestatementstillringstrue;theimportanceofappliedscienceshouldnotbeignored.(1932年，《自然》杂志发表了一篇题为《纯粹科学与应用科学之间的关系》的文章，强烈主张应用科学思想以获得应有的认可。随着时间的推移，这句话听起来仍然正确；应用科学的重要性不容忽视。)”可知，作者提到《自然》杂志一篇文章中的观点——应用科学思想以获得应有的认可，并强调了应用科学的重要性，结合下文可知，文章围绕该话题展开论述。由此可推测出，作者提到这篇文章是为了引出接下来的话题。故选C。【29题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Inmedicine,theterm“benchtobedside”isoftenused.Itdescribeshowfundamentaldiscoveriesinbiologybecomethetechniquesandmedicinesthatsaveorimprovelives.Similarly,forthedevelopmentofnewimprovedmaterialsandenergysystems,weneedappliedsciencetodevelopourinitialdiscoveriesintousabletechnologies.Itisthisapplicationofinsightintoasystemthatbringsdiscoveriesoutofthelaboratoryandintotheeverydayworld.Thelinebetweenthepureandtheappliedscienceisnotahardborder,butabridgelinkingthetwo.(在医学中，经常使用“从长凳到床边”的术语。它描述了生物学的基本发现如何成为拯救或改善生命的技术和药物。同样，为了开发新的改进材料和能源系统，我们需要应用科学将我们的初步发现发展成可用的技术。正是这种对系统洞察的应用，将发现从实验室带到了日常世界。纯粹科学和应用科学之间的界限不是硬边界，而是连接两者的桥梁。)”可知，第二段讲述了应用科学在医学以及开发新材料和能源系统方面的作用，主要强调了应用科学的重要性。故选A。【30题详析】词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“scienceandtechnologywillplayanimportantrolein”和画线词后的“theproblemswecollectivelyface”可推知，科学技术在解决我们面对的问题方面起着重要作用，address意为“解决，处理”，与handle意思一致。故选A。【31题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Astimegoesby,thestatementstillringstrue;theimportanceofappliedscienceshouldnotbeignored.(随着时间的推移，这句话听起来仍然正确；应用科学的重要性不容忽视。)”和最后一段中的“Toprovideahomeforthesestudies,werecognizethatmanuscriptspresentingapplicationsshouldbeassessedondifferentcriteria(标准)frommanuscriptsreportinganoveldiscovery.Itisimportanttosometimesputasidetherequirementfornovelinsightandratherconsiderpotentialusesandcurrentchallengesfacingeffectiveapplication.(为了为这些研究提供一个家，我们认识到，提交应用的手稿应该根据与报告新发现的手稿不同的标准进行评估。有时，重要的是要抛开对新颖见解的要求，而是考虑有效应用所面临的潜在用途和当前挑战。)”可知，本文主要讲述了应用科学的重要性，并结合医学、科学技术等方面的例子进行具体说明，还在最后提出了评估的方法和考虑因素，文章用词专业严谨，由此可推出，本文最有可能出自一篇研究论文。故选B。DNightmarescouldbereducedbyhearingasoundwhileyousleepthatyoupreviouslyassociatedwithapositiveendingtoabaddreamduringtherapy(治疗).Upto8percentofpeoplereporthavingproblemswithnightmares.Thestandardtreatmentisimagerehearsaltherapy(IRT),which30percentofpeopledon’trespondto.IRTinvolvesrepeatingapreviousnightmarebutchangingittohaveamorepositiveending.Toaidmemoryrecall,sometreatmentsinvolveanindividualhearingaspecificsoundastheyformmemoriesandthenhavingthissamesoundplayedtothemwhiletheysleep.Thisisoftendoneduringthenon-rapideyemovement(REM)stageofsleep,becausedreamsandnightmaresaremorecommoninREMsleep.Testingthepotentialofthisapproachfornightmares,LamprosPerogamvrosattheUniversityofGeneva,Switzerland,andhiscolleaguesfirstdivided36peoplewhohadmorethanonenightmareperweekintotwogroups.BothgroupsweretaughthowtocarryoutIRTthemselvesathome,whichtheydidfor5minutesadayovertwoweeks.Onlyonegroup,however,listenedtoaneutralpianotonewhiletheycarriedouttheirIRT.Duringthesetwoweeks,bothgroupsworeaheadbandeverynightthattrackedtheirsleepstagebydiscoveringbrainactivity.WhentheyenteredREMsleep,bothgroupswereplayedthetonethatonlyonegroupwasexposedtoduringtheirat-homeIRT.Thistonewasplayedat10secondintervals.Attheendofthetwoweeks,thetwogroupsbothreportedhavingmorepositivedreams.Bycarryingoutthistreatmentinpeople’shomes,itcouldbecomeawidespreadinterventiontorelievenightmares,saysMarkBlagroveatSwanseaUniversity,UK.“YoucouldnotonlyhavepeopletreatedwithIRTintheclinician’sroom,ortherapist’sroom,butpeoplecouldpossiblybesenthomewiththeseinstrumentsthatspotthestagesofsleepandhavetheauditory(听觉的)signalthatwasplayedwhentheyweredoingIRTpresentedagainduringsleep.”hesays.32.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.IRThelpsmemory. B.IRTmakesmemoriesform.C.NotallrespondtoIRT. D.Thenewtreatmentispopular.33.HowdidLamprosandhiscolleaguestestthepotentialofIRT?A.Byanalyzingdata. B.Byperformingasurvey.C.Byreferringtodocuments. D.Byconductinganexperiment.34.WhatisMarkBlagrove’sattitudetowardsthetreatment?A.Unclear. B.Negative. C.Doubtful. D.Approving.35.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Toshareadiscovery. B.Toconfirmaconcept.C.Toofferasuggestion. D.Tomakeanexplanation.【答案】32.C33.D34.D35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在睡觉时听积极的声音可以减少噩梦的频率。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thestandardtreatmentisimagerehearsaltherapy(IRT),which30percentofpeopledon’trespondto.(标准的治疗方法是意象排演疗法（IRT），30%的人对此没有反应。)”可知，30%的人对IRT没有反应，即不是所有人都对IRT有反应。故选C。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段首句“Testingthepotentialofthisapproachfornightmares,LamprosPerogamvrosattheUniversityofGeneva,Switzerland,andhiscolleaguesfirstdivided36peoplewhohadmorethanonenightmareperweekintotwogroups.(瑞士日内瓦大学的LamprosPerogamvros和他的同事们测试了这种方法治疗噩梦的潜力，他们首先将每周做一次以上噩梦的36人分为两组。)”及下文内容可推知，LamprosPerogamvros和他的同事们通过进行一场实验来测试IRT的潜力。故选D。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Bycarryingoutthistreatmentinpeople’shomes,itcouldbecomeawidespreadinterventiontorelievenightmares,saysMarkBlagroveatSwanseaUniversity,UK.(英国斯旺西大学的MarkBlagrove说，通过在人们家中进行这种治疗，它可以成为一种广泛的干预措施来缓解噩梦。)”可知，MarkBlagrove认为这种疗法能够成为帮助人们在家缓解噩梦的广泛措施，由此可推测出，他对这种疗法持支持态度。故选D。【35题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Nightmarescouldbereducedbyhearingasoundwhileyousleepthatyoupreviouslyassociatedwithapositiveendingtoabaddreamduringtherapy(治疗).(噩梦可以通过在睡觉时听到一种声音来减少，这种声音以前与治疗期间噩梦的积极结局有关。)”可知，本文主要介绍了一项发现，即在睡觉时听积极的声音可以减少噩梦的频率。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatmakesahealthyrelationship?Everyrelationshipisunique,andpeoplecometogetherformanydifferentreasons.Partofwhatdefinesahealthyrelationshipissharingacommongoal.Whatdoyouwanttherelationshiptobe?____36____?Andthat’ssomethingyou’llknowonlybytalkingdeeplyandhonestlywithyourpartner.However,therearealsosomecommonfeaturesofmosthealthyrelationships.Knowingthesecommonprinciplescanhelpkeepyourrelationshipmeaningful,fulfillingandexcitingwhatevergoalsyou’reworkingtowardsorchallengesyou’refacingtogether.____37____.●Youmaintainameaningfulemotionalconnectionwitheachother.Youeachmaketheotherfeellovedandemotionallyfulfilled.There’sadifferencebetweenbeinglovedandfeelingloved.Whenyoufeelloved,itmakesyoufeelacceptedandvaluedbyyourpartner,likesomeonetrulygetsyou.Somerelationshipsgetstuckinpeacefulcoexistence.____38____.Whiletheunionmayseemstableonthesurface,alackofongoinginvolvementandemotionalconnectionservesonlytoadddistancebetweentwopeople.●____39____.Somecouplestalkthingsoutquietly,whileothersmayraisetheirvoicesandpassionatelydisagree.Thekeyinastrongrelationship,though,isnottobefearfulofconflict.Youneedtofeelsafetoexpressthingsthatbotheryouwithoutfearofrevenge,andbeabletoresolveconflictwithouthumiliation,degradation(丢脸),orinsistingonbeingright.●Youkeepoutsiderelationshipsandinterestsalive.Despitetheclaimsofromanticfictionormovies,noonepersoncanmeetallofyourneeds.____40____.Tostimulateandenrichyourromanticrelationship,it’simportanttosustainyourownidentityoutsideoftherelationship,preserveconnectionswithfamilyandfriends,andmaintainyourhobbiesandinterests.A.WhendoyouestablishitB.WheredoyouwantittogoC.YoukeepawayfromconflictD.You’renotafraidofdisagreementE.However,therearenopartnerstrulyrelatingtoeachotheremotionallyF.HereareafewprinciplesthatyouneedobeytomakeahealthyrelationshipG.Expectingtoomuchfromyourpartnerputunhealthystressonarelationship【答案】36.B37.F38.E39.D40.G【语篇解读】本文是说明文。探讨了构成健康关系的要素，并提供了一些原则和建议，以帮助读者建立和维护健康的关系。【36题详析】根据前文“Everyrelationshipisunique,andpeoplecometogetherformanydifferentreasons.Partofwhatdefinesahealthyrelationshipissharingacommongoal.Whatdoyouwanttherelationshiptobe?(每一段关系都是独一无二的，人们走到一起有很多不同的原因。拥有共同的目标是定义一段健康关系的一部分。你希望你们的关系是怎样的?)”以及后文“Andthat’ssomethingyou’llknowonlybytalkingdeeplyandhonestlywithyourpartner.(只有和你的伴侣深入而诚实地交谈，你才能知道这一点)”可知，此处讲述拥有共同的目标是定义一段健康关系的一部分，接着作者用提问的方式来询问共同目标，根据空后的问号，可知空处依旧是相关提问，所以B项“Wheredoyouwantittogo(你希望它走向何方)”承接上文文体，下文是处理这些问题的方法。故选B项。【37题详析】根据前文“However,therearealsosomecommonfeaturesofmosthealthyrelationships.Knowingthesecommonprinciplescanhelpkeepyourrelationshipmeaningful,fulfillingandexcitingwhatevergoalsyou’reworkingtowardsorchallengesyou’refacingtogether.(然而，大多数健康的关系也有一些共同的特征。了解这些共同的原则可以帮助你们的关系保持有意义、充实和令人兴奋，无论你们正在朝着什么目标努力或共同面临什么挑战)”可知，本段讲述有些原则可以帮助你们的关系保持更好，所以F项“Hereareafewprinciplesthatyouneedobeytomakeahealthyrelationship(这里有一些原则，你需要遵守，以建立一个健康的关系)”承接上文，并引出下文，符合文意，其中principle为同词复现。故选F项。【38题详析】根据前文“Somerelationshipsgetstuckinpeacefulcoexistence.(有些关系陷入了和平共处的困境)”以及后文“Whiletheunionmayseemstableonthesurface,alackofongoinginvolve