湖南省衡阳市衡南县2024-2025学年高一上学期期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省衡阳市衡南县2024-2025学年高一上学期期末英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATHETEMPEFESTIVALOFTHEARTSDecember6–8,2024,Friday–Saturday10:00AM–5:30PM&Sunday10:00AM–4:30PMKIDSBLOCKAhands-oninteractiveblockforyoungartistsandayouthexhibitionfeaturingover450studentworksfromaroundtheValley-ondisplayandforsale.Gettheyoungcreativesinvolvedwiththefestivalinanewwaywithcommunitypartners,whowillbeonsitedoingtake-awayprojectswithyoungvisitors!YouthcanstarttheirappreciationfortheartsatayoungagebyvisitingYoungCollectorsonSaturdayandSunday.Forjust$5childrencanbegintheirartcollectingjourney.YOUNGARTISTEXHIBITIONEachfestivalwereceivehundredsofpiecesofartworkcreatedbytalentedValleyyouthwhoareinterestedinhavingtheirworksexhibitedforachancetowinacashprize,andfortheopportunitytoselltheirworks(pleaserefertoeachnameplatetoidentifywhichpiecesareforsale).YoucanvisittheexhibitionnearKidsBlock,Friday-Sundayatthefestival.YOUNGCOLLECTORSGALLERYEachyear,ourartistshavetheoptiontodonateapiecetothegallery,offeringchildrenthechancetopurchaseandbringhometheirveryownpiece.Weencourageyoungcollectorstoshopontheirown,learningfreedominwhattheylike.Volunteerswillbeinplacetoassistchildren.TheYoungCollectorssectionwillbeopenonSaturdayandSundayofthefestival.APPLICATIONSARENOWOPEN!AllstudentsMUSThaveasignedandcompleteddigitalPermissionFormtoenterthefestival.1.WhencanchildrenvisitKIDSBLOCK?A.10:00AM-5:30PMFriday. B.10:30AM-4:00PMSunday.C.9:00AM-5:00PMSaturday. D.10:00AM-7:00PMSaturday.2.WhatisspecialaboutYOUNGARTISTEXHIBITION?A.Itrequireson-siteregistration.B.Itofferscashassistancetoyouth.C.Itincludesacompetitionforparticipants.D.Itgiveskidsachancetorecreatetheirworks.3.Whatdothethreesectionshaveincommon?A.Kidscanmakeanartpurchase. B.Visitorsmaydonatetheirworks.C.Volunteerswillbebadlyneeded. D.Youngartistscangainmoreprofit.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了即将开幕的艺术节及青少年可参与的活动内容。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段内容“December6–8,2024,Friday–Saturday10:00AM–5:30PM&Sunday10:00AM–4:30PM(2024年12月6日至8日，周五至周六上午10:00至下午5:30，周日上午10:00至晚上4:30)”和“KIDSBLOCK”部分关键句“YouthcanstarttheirappreciationfortheartsatayoungagebyvisitingYoungCollectorsonSaturdayandSunday.(年轻人可以在周六和周日参观青年收藏家，在年轻时就开始欣赏艺术。)”可知，“KIDSBLOCK”的参观时间是周六和周日，周五至周六上午10:00至下午5:30，周日上午10:00至晚上4:30，结合选项可知，孩子们在周日上午10:30至下午4:00可以参观KIDSBLOCK。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“YOUNGARTISTEXHIBITION”部分关键句“EachfestivalwereceivehundredsofpiecesofartworkcreatedbytalentedValleyyouthwhoareinterestedinhavingtheirworksexhibitedforachancetowinacashprize,andfortheopportunitytoselltheirworks(pleaserefertoeachnameplatetoidentifywhichpiecesareforsale).(每个节日，我们都会收到数百件由才华横溢的山谷青年创作的艺术品，他们有兴趣展出自己的作品，有机会获得现金奖励，并有机会出售自己的作品（请参阅每个名牌以确定哪些作品可以出售）。)”可知，“YOUNGARTISTEXHIBITION”为参与者提供了竞赛机会，获胜者有机会获得现金奖励，由此可知，“YOUNGARTISTEXHIBITION”的特别之处在于它包括一场参与者的竞赛。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据“KIDSBLOCK”部分关键句“Ahands-oninteractiveblockforyoungartistsandayouthexhibitionfeaturingover450studentworksfromaroundtheValley-ondisplayandforsale.(一个面向年轻艺术家的动手互动块和一个青年展览，展出和出售来自山谷各地的450多件学生作品。)”、“YOUNGARTISTEXHIBITION”部分关键句“EachfestivalwereceivehundredsofpiecesofartworkcreatedbytalentedValleyyouthwhoareinterestedinhavingtheirworksexhibitedforachancetowinacashprize,andfortheopportunitytoselltheirworks(pleaserefertoeachnameplatetoidentifywhichpiecesareforsale).(每个节日，我们都会收到数百件由才华横溢的山谷青年创作的艺术品，他们有兴趣展出自己的作品，有机会获得现金奖励，并有机会出售自己的作品（请参阅每个名牌以确定哪些作品可以出售）。)”和“YOUNGCOLLECTORSGALLERY”部分关键句“Eachyear,ourartistshavetheoptiontodonateapiecetothegallery,offeringchildrenthechancetopurchaseandbringhometheirveryownpiece.(每年，我们的艺术家都可以选择向画廊捐赠一件作品，让孩子们有机会购买并带回家自己的作品。)”可知，三个部分都给孩子提供了购买艺术品的机会，由此可知，三个部分的共同点是孩子们可以从中购买艺术品。故选A项。BFloraalwayshadanadventurousspiritbutin2020shebeganherbiggestadventureyet.BornandraisedintheMinnesota,shealsolivedinBahrainandEgyptandmovedtoDubai,intheUnitedArabEmirates(UAE),in2002.Asanenthusiastichikerandmountainclimber,shehadstruggledtofindlike-mindedpeopletotrek(远足)withher,soin2011shestartedaweekendhikinggroup.AfewyearslatersheturneditintoabusinesscalledFloraUAETrekkers,runningweekendhikeswhileshecontinuedteachingEnglishintheweek.Whenshelostherjobin2020,shedecidedtofocusherenergiesonFloraUAETrekkers,whichhasnowattracted50,000followersonsocialmediaandofferedguidedhikestoover80,000people.Nolongerworkinganine-to-fiveattheuniversity,sheregularlywakesupat3a.m.onweekdaystoleadtreksaroundsomeofthemostbreathtakingscenerysurroundingDubai.SheevenoffersaspecialistsunsethikeacrosstheLiwadesertinAbuDhabi—usedaslocationforfilmingDune:PartTwo.“IknewthatIwantedtocreatesomethingthatencouragedpeopletogetoutsideandexplorewhatDubaihadtoofferoutsideofthecity.Fromthere,itrocketed,”Florasays.“AlotofpeopleinDubaidon’tknowthere’sanythingelseoutsidethecityandthatthere’ssomuchnaturehere.”However,theroadtosuccesswasnotalwayssmooth.“Ourearlychallengesweretoovercomethestereotype(偏见)ofwhatahikingguideshouldlooklike,”Florasays.“Thestereotypicalguidehasphysicalstrengthandplacesanemphasisonhikingasatooltoimproveyourfitness,physiqueandspeed.”Goingagainstthegrain,Floraemployedcurrentandformereducatorsaswellasmothers,likeherself,asguides.“Wereallywantedtoremovethatcompetitiveatmosphereandsatisfyalllevels,notonlyforthestrong.”Florasays.4.WhydidFlorastartaweekendhikinggroupin2011?A.Tostartherownbusiness. B.Tomeethikingcompanions.C.Topromotelocaltourism. D.Togrowsocialmediafollowers.5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutDubaifromparagraph3?A.Itisafamousfilminglocation. B.Itisaninnovationcenter.C.Ithasbeautifulnaturalscenery. D.Itattractsvisitorsacrosstheglobe.6.WhoaremostlikelytobechosenasguidesinFloraUAETrekkers?A.Professionalathletes. B.Experiencedhikers.C.Adventureenthusiasts. D.Nature-lovingcaregivers.7.WhichwordcanbestdescribeFlora?A.Generous. B.Humble. C.Innovative. D.Authoritative.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Flora在迪拜创办远足团体并将其发展成成功商业的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Asanenthusiastichikerandmountainclimber,shehadstruggledtofindlike-mindedpeopletotrekwithher,soin2011shestartedaweekendhikinggroup.”（作为一个热情的徒步旅行者和登山者，她一直在努力寻找志同道合的人一起远足，所以在2011年她开始了一个周末远足小组。）可知，Flora在2011年开始周末远足小组是为了找到志同道合的远足伙伴。故选B。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“sheregularlywakesupat3a.m.onweekdaystoleadtreksaroundsomeofthemostbreathtakingscenerysurroundingDubai.”（她经常在工作日凌晨3点起床，带领远足团体游览迪拜周围一些最令人叹为观止的风景。）可知，迪拜周围有美丽的自然风景。故选C。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“sheregularlywakesupat3a.m.onweekdaystoleadtreksaroundsomeofthemostbreathtakingscenerysurroundingDubai.”（她经常在工作日凌晨3点起床，带领远足团体游览迪拜周围一些最令人叹为观止的风景。）可知，作者热爱自然。根据文章最后一段“Goingagainstthegrain,Floraemployedcurrentandformereducatorsaswellasmothers,likeherself,asguides.”（与常规相反，Flora雇用了现任和前任教育工作者以及母亲们，像她一样，作为导游。）可知，FloraUAETrekkers的导游很可能是热爱自然的人。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“IknewthatIwantedtocreatesomethingthatencouragedpeopletogetoutsideandexplorewhatDubaihadtoofferoutsideofthecity.”（我知道我想创造一些东西，鼓励人们走出去，探索迪拜在城市之外所提供的东西。）可知，“创新的”能描述Flora。故选C。CAnewreportfromtheWorldWildlifeFund(WWF)andtheZoologicalSocietyofLondonfoundEarth’sbiodiversity(生物多样性)isdecreasingthroughyearsofdataonthousandsofwildlifepopulationsacrosstheworld.Accordingtothedata,animalpopulationsacrosstheworlddecreasedbyanaverageof69%between1970and2018.Expertssaytherapidlossofbiodiversityisaseriousandworryingsignofwhat’stocomeforthenaturalworld.“Themessageisclearandthelightsareflashingred,”saidWWFInternationalDirectorGeneralMarcoLambertini.Manyscientistsbelievethatthemainreasonofbiodiversitydropmaybeland-usechangesdrivenbyhumanactivitiessuchasthedevelopmentofbasicfacilities,energyproductionanddeforestation.Butthereportsuggeststhatclimatechange,whichhashadawideimpactonplantandanimalspeciesglobally,couldbecometheleadingcauseofbiodiversitylossifrisingtemperaturesaren’tlimitedto1.5℃.Lambertinisaidbiodiversitylossandclimatechangearealreadyresponsibleforaseriesofproblemsforhumans,includingdeathandhomelessnessfromextremeweather,alackoffoodandwaterandanincreaseinthespreadofspecificdiseases.Buttheterriblenewscomeswithsignsofhope:Expertssaytherearepossiblesolutionstothelossofbiodiversity.Solutionsrangefromprotectingforeststoestablishingacross-bordertradesysteminAfrica,thereportsaid.WWFchiefscientistRebeccaShawsaidthathumanshavetheopportunitytochangehowtheydothingstobenefitnature.“Littlethingsthatwecandoeverydaycanchangethedirectionofthesepopulationdeclines,”saidShaw.Whatlittlethingscanbedone?Forinstance,wecanstartfromreducingwasteinourdailylives.Simpleactionslikerecyclingpaper,plastic,andglasscanhaveaprofoundimpactontheenvironment.Byminimizingwaste,welessenthedemandforrawmaterialswhichinturnreducesthepressureonnaturalhabitatsthatareoftendestroyedbytheindustrialdevelopment.8.Howdotheexpertsfeelabouttherapidlossofbiodiversity?A.Anxious. B.Confused.C.Confident. D.Depressed.9.Accordingtothereport,whatwouldcontributetobiodiversitylossmost?A.Lessproductionoffood.B.Developingbasicfacilities.C.Uncontrolledrisingtemperatures.D.Decliningplantandanimalspecies.10.Whatisthemainpurposeofthe4thparagraph?A.Toexplorethecausesforarangeofhumans’problems.B.Tointroducesomepotentialmethodstopromotebiodiversity.C.Todiscusstheimportanceofthecross-bordertradesysteminAfrica.D.Topresenttheproblemscausedbybiodiversitylossandclimatechange.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.PavetheWayforaSimpleLifestyleB.TakeaSteptoPushEnergyProductionC.RaisetheVoicetoBanLand-useChangesD.LendaHandtoSlowerBiodiversityLoss【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本章介绍了地球的生物多样性正在减少的现象，原因以及人类在阻止生物多样性减少方面可以做的事情。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Expertssaytherapidlossofbiodiversityisaseriousandworryingsignofwhat’stocomeforthenaturalworld.“Themessageisclearandthelightsareflashingred,”saidWWFInternationalDirectorGeneralMarcoLambertini.(专家表示，生物多样性的迅速丧失是自然界即将发生的严重而令人担忧的迹象。世界自然基金会国际总干事马尔科·兰贝蒂尼说：“信息很明确，红灯在闪烁。”)”可知，专家说生物多样性的迅速丧失是一个严重且令人担忧的信号。由此可推知，专家们对此感到焦虑。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Butthereportsuggeststhatclimatechange,whichhashadawideimpactonplantandanimalspeciesglobally,couldbecometheleadingcauseofbiodiversitylossifrisingtemperaturesaren’tlimitedto1.5℃.(但报告指出，气候变化对全球动植物物种产生了广泛影响，如果气温上升不限于1.5℃，气候变化可能成为生物多样性丧失的主要原因)”可知，不可控制的气温上升对生物多样性丧失的影响最大。故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Buttheterriblenewscomeswithsignsofhope:Expertssaytherearepossiblesolutionstothelossofbiodiversity.Solutionsrangefromprotectingforeststoestablishingacross-bordertradesysteminAfrica,thereportsaid.(但这一糟糕的消息也伴随着希望的迹象：专家表示，对于生物多样性的丧失，存在可能的解决方案。报告称，这些解决方案从保护森林到在非洲建立跨境贸易系统不等)”可知，第四段的目的是介绍一些促进生物多样性的潜在方法。故选B。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“AnewreportfromtheWorldWildlifeFund(WWF)andtheZoologicalSocietyofLondonfoundEarth’sbiodiversity(生物多样性)isdecreasingthroughyearsofdataonthousandsofwildlifepopulationsacrosstheworld.Accordingtothedata,animalpopulationsacrosstheworlddecreasedbyanaverageof69%between1970and2018.(世界野生动物基金会和伦敦动物学会的一份新报告发现，通过多年来对全球数千只野生动物种群的数据，地球的生物多样性正在减少。根据数据，1970年至2018年间，全球动物种群平均减少了69%)”以及最后一段的“Whatlittlethingscanbedone?Forinstance,wecanstartfromreducingwasteinourdailylives.(可以做些什么小事情？例如，我们可以从减少日常生活中的浪费开始)”可知，文章不仅报道了生物多样性丧失的情况，还提到了解决这一问题的可能性，鼓励人们采取行动，从日常小事做起，以改变生物种群下降的趋势。所以“帮助减缓生物多样性的丧失”适合作本文的标题。故选D。DYoumayhavealreadyseentheminsomerestaurantsaroundtheworld;robots.Theyareaboutthesizeofachild.Theycanwelcomepeopleandleadthemtotheirtables.Theycandeliverfoodanddrinksandbringdirtydishesbacktothekitchen.Manypeoplethinkrobotwaitersaretheanswertoworkershortages.Salesofrobotshavebeengrowinginrecentyears.Therearetensofthousandsofthemnowmovingthrougheatingplacesworldwide.Butotherssayrobotwaitersstillhavealongwaytogobeforetheycanreplacehumans.Theycannottakeorders.Andtheycannotwalkupstepstodifferentareasofarestaurant.Stilltheuseofrobotsisgrowing.InMadisonHeights,Michigan,LiZhaiwashavingtroublefindingworkersforhisrestaurantNoodleTopiainthesummerof2021.So,heboughtarobotfromPuduRobotics.Therobotwassosuccessfulthatheaddedtwomore;now,onerobotleadsdinerstotheirseatswhileanotherdeliversfoodtotables.Andhisemployeesloaddirtydishesontothethirdrobottobringthembacktothekitchen.Zhaisaidhenowneedsthreepeopletodothesameworkthatfiveorsixpeopleusedtodo.Andtheysavehimmoney.Arobotcostsaround$15,000,hesaid,butapersoncostshim$5,000to$6,000permonth.Zhainotedthattherobotsgivehishumanserversmoretimetospendwithdiners,whichincreasestips.Anddinersoftenpostvideosoftherobotsonsocialmedia,whichleadstomorevisits.“Besidessavinglabor,therobotsbenefitbusiness,”hesaid.Butnotallrestaurantshavehadsuccesswithrobots.Chili’sintroducedarobotserverin2020.Therestaurantcompanyexpandedthetestto61U.S.restaurantsbeforesuddenlystoppinglastAugust.Chili’sfoundthattherobotmovedtooslowlyandgotinthewayofhumanservers.And58percentofguestssurveyedsaidrobotsdidnotimprovetheiroverallexperience.12.WhatisLiZhai’sthirdrobotusedtodo?A.Leaddinerstotheirseats. B.Deliverfoodtotables.C.Takeordersfromcustomers. D.Carryawaydirtydishes.13.WhatdoLiZhai’swordsmainlytellusinParagraph5?A.Thepopularityofrobots. B.Thelowpricesofrobots.C.Theadvantagesofusingrobots. D.Theimpressionofrobotsonpeople.14.WhydidChili’sgiveuprobotservers?A.Theybrokedowneasily.B.Theydidn’tworkwellenough.C.Theyoftenmadebigmistakes.D.Theycouldn’tunderstandcustomers’demand.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AreRobotWaiterstheFuture? B.WillHumanServersLoseJobs?C.RobotsWillNeverReplaceHumans D.RobotServicesAreBetterThanHumans【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界各地的餐馆流行使用机器人的现象，并根据实际案例说明了其好处和缺点。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Andhisemployeesloaddirtydishesontothethirdrobottobringthembacktothekitchen.(他的员工把脏盘子放到第三个机器人上，它把这些盘子带回厨房。)”可知，第三个机器人通常把用过的盘子拿走。故选D项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段“Zhaisaidhenowneedsthreepeopletodothesameworkthatfiveorsixpeopleusedtodo.Andtheysavehimmoney.Arobotcostsaround$15,000,hesaid,butapersoncostshim$5,000to$6,000permonth.Zhainotedthattherobotsgivehishumanserversmoretimetospendwithdiners,whichincreasestips.Anddinersoftenpostvideosoftherobotsonsocialmedia,whichleadstomorevisits.“Besidessavinglabor,therobotsbenefitbusiness,”hesaid.(翟说他现在需要三个人来做以前五六个人做的工作。而且还能帮他省钱。他说，一个机器人的成本约为1.5万美元，但一个人每月的成本为5000至6000美元。翟指出，这些机器人让他的服务员有更多时间与顾客相处，从而增加了小费。顾客们经常在社交媒体上发布机器人的视频，这就带来了更多的顾客。他说：“除了节省劳动力，机器人还有利于商业。”)”可知，他的话主要告诉了我们用机器人的各种优点。故选C项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Chili’sfoundthattherobotmovedtooslowlyandgotinthewayofhumanservers.And58percentofguestssurveyedsaidrobotsdidnotimprovetheiroverallexperience.(Chili’s餐厅发现机器人移动太慢，挡住了人类服务员的去路。58%的受访客人表示，机器人并没有改善他们的整体体验。)”可知，Chili’s餐厅放弃使用机器人服务员是因为它们的工作做得不好。故选B项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕机器人展开，第一、二段介绍了机器人的流行，第三段说明机器人的缺点，第四、五段介绍了一家餐馆使用机器人的好处，第六段介绍了一家餐饮连锁店使用机器人失败的例子。由此推知，A项“机器人服务员就是未来吗？”符合文章探讨的内容，适合作为标题。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Atsomepointinourlives,weallneedtoinfluenceandencourageothers,includingourteamatwork,friendsandfamily,orclubmembers.Leadingpeopleisavaluableskillthatcanhelpyouachievegreatthings.___16___Ittakespractice.Therearesomegoodwaystoinfluenceandencourageothers.___17___Peoplearemorelikelytofollowyourleadiftheyseethatyouliveoutthevaluesyouspeakof.Ifyouwanttoencourageotherstobetheirbest,youneedtosetanexampleandpracticewhatyousaid.Thisdoesn'tmeanthatyouhavetobeperfect;itmeansyou'rewillingtoputinthehardworktoachieveyourgoals.Givesincerepraise.Youknowthesaying,“It'snotwhatyousay,buthowyousayit.”Thesameistruewhenitcomestoencouragingothers.___18___Peoplecansensewhenyou'resincere,andthey'remorelikelytorespond(回应)positivelytoyourmessage.Buildtrustbybeingtransparent(透明的)andhonest.Trustisanecessarypartofanyrelationship,andit'simportantinaleader-followerrelationship.Ifyouwantpeopletotrustyou,youshouldlearntobetransparentandhonestwiththem.___19___Remaincalmandpatientduringdifficultconversations.Difficultconversationsareanunavoidablepartoflife.Ifyouwanttobeagoodleader,it'simportanttoremaincalmandpatientduringtheseconversations.___20___Instead,keepanopenmind,listentowhatotherpeoplearesayingandrespecttheirpointofview.A.Becomingannoyedwillonlyworsenthesituation.B.Beagoodrolemodelandleadbyexample.C.Yourwordswillcarrymoreweightifyouaresincere.D.Improveyouractivelisteningskills.E.However,beingagoodleaderisn'talwayseasy.F.Thisincludesbeingopenaboutyourpurposesandkeepingyourword.G.Rememberyouonlyhaveafewsecondstomakeafirstimpression.【答案】16.E17.B18.C19.F20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕如何成为一个好的领导者这一主题，提出了几个建议，从而帮助读者理解如何影响和鼓励他人，包括在工作中领导团队、与朋友和家人相处，以及在俱乐部等组织中发挥作用。【16题详析】根据空前内容“Leadingpeopleisavaluableskillthatcanhelpyouachievegreatthings.(领导他人是一项宝贵的技能，可以帮助你取得伟大的成就)”可知，良好的领导能力是一项宝贵的技能。选项E“However,beingagoodleaderisn'talwayseasy.(然而，成为一个好领导并不总是那么容易)”与上文内容形成转折，指出良好的领导能力固然很重要，但是成为一个好领导并不容易。与下文“Ittakespractice.Therearesomegoodwaystoinfluenceandencourageothers.(这需要练习。有一些影响和鼓励他人的好方法)”相一致，起到了承上启下的作用，既承接了前文领导的好处，又引出后文提到的需要练习和有好方法。故选E。【17题详析】空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Peoplearemorelikelytofollowyourleadiftheyseethatyouliveoutthevaluesyouspeakof.Ifyouwanttoencourageotherstobetheirbest,youneedtosetanexampleandpracticewhatyousaid.(如果人们看到你践行了你所说的价值观，他们就更有可能听从你的领导。如果你想鼓励别人做到最好，你需要树立榜样，践行你所说的话)”可知，下文强调领导要以身作则，树立榜样。选项B“Beagoodrolemodelandleadbyexample.(做一个好榜样，以身作则)”是本段内容的概括，与本段内容相符。故选B。【18题详析】根据空前内容“Givesincerepraise.Youknowthesaying,“It'snotwhatyousay,buthowyousayit.”Thesameistruewhenitcomestoencouragingothers.(给予真诚的赞美。你知道这句话，‘重要的不是你说什么，而是你怎么说。’在鼓励他人方面也是如此)”可知，我们应该给予真诚的赞美。选项C“Yourwordswillcarrymoreweightifyouaresincere.(如果你是真诚的，你的话会更有分量)”是上文内容的延续，指出如果我们的话是真诚的，我们所说的话也更有重量，从而引出下文内容“Peoplecansensewhenyou'resincere,andthey'remorelikelytorespond(回应)positivelytoyourmessage.(人们能感觉到你是否真诚，他们更有可能对你的信息做出积极的回应)”。故选C。【19题详析】根据空前内容“Ifyouwantpeopletotrustyou,youshouldlearntobetransparentandhonestwiththem.(如果你想让人们信任你，你应该学会对他们坦诚和诚实)”可知，作者建议我们要坦诚和诚实。选项F“Thisincludesbeingopenaboutyourpurposesandkeepingyourword.(这包括公开你的目的和信守你的承诺)”进一步解释了坦诚和诚实应该包括哪些内容，与前文内容一致。故选F。【20题详析】根据空前内容“Ifyouwanttobeagoodleader,it'simportanttoremaincalmandpatientduringtheseconversations.(如果你想成为一个好领导，在这些对话中保持冷静和耐心是很重要的)”可知，作者建议我们在对话中要保持冷静和耐心。选项A“Becomingannoyedwillonlyworsenthesituation.(变得恼怒只会让情况变得更糟)”是上文内容的延续，指出在对话中要保持冷静，拥有耐心，因为恼怒只会让情况变得更糟。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Thereitwas,bigandred,atthetopofmytestpaper:F.“I’venever___21___anythingbefore,”IthoughtasIgotmythingstogetherfornursingschool.InmyfirstthreetermsI’dgottengoodgrades.Butnow,inmylastterm,Iwas___22___myself.Thedaybefore,IhadthrownupwhenIemptiedabedpan(便盆).HowwouldIperforminmyfuturecareerifI___23___likethat?Iputthe___24___inmybagandgotonthebushome.“IthoughtIwantedtobea___25___.NowIjustdon’tknow,”Isaidtomyself.MaybeIshould___26___andgiveupmydreamofbecominganurse.___27___cametoastop.Amanlayintheroad,withhismotorbiketurnedupsidedown.Noone___28___.Theyprobablydidn’tknowhow.ButIdid.Igotoutofthebusand___29___tohisside.Hisvitalsigns(生命体征)werestrong,buthewasbleeding.I____30____bandages(绷带).“Agoodnursekeepsherpocketsfilledwiththingsshemight____31____inacrisis(危机),”myteacherhadsaid.Someonecalled911.Assoonasthe____32____workersarrived,Itoldthemabouttheman’s____33____.Atthattime,Iforgotmy____34____andthoughtonlyaboutthepatient.Oncehewassenttohospital,awomanaskedme,“Areyouadoctororanurse?”“I’llbeanursesoon,”Isaid____35____.Nodoubtaboutit.21.A.failed B.quitted C.missed D.forgotten22.A.losing B.challenging C.doubting D.confusing23.A.excused B.changed C.chose D.behaved24.A.letter B.paper C.card D.report25.A.driver B.nurse C.teacher D.doctor26.A.calmdown B.holdon C.dropout D.hurryup27.A.Traffic B.Time C.Work D.Thought28.A.helped B.noticed C.asked D.cared29.A.turned B.returned C.fell D.rushed30.A.puton B.tookout C.putaway D.gaveout31.A.explore B.prefer C.need D.collect32.A.social B.voluntary C.postal D.medical33.A.condition B.experience C.behavior D.problem34.A.schedules B.dreams C.worries D.goals35.A.naturally B.suddenly C.sadly D.proudly【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.B26.C27.A28.A29.D30.B31.C32.D33.A34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者在护理学校的学期考试中不及格后，开始怀疑自己是否适合成为一名护士，在回家途中的经历让作者确定自己要成为一名护士。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我以前从来没有考试不及格。”我一边收拾着护理学校的东西一边想。A.failed失败；B.quitted放弃；C.missed错过；D.forgotten忘记。根据下文的“InmyfirstthreetermsI’dgottengoodgrades.”可知，作者一致成绩优秀，所以此处指的是作者从未考试“不及格”符合语境。故选A项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是现在，在我的最后一个学期，我开始怀疑自己。A.losing失去；B.challenging挑战；C.doubting怀疑；D.confusing使迷惑。根据上文中的“Thereitwas,bigandred,atthetopofmytestpaper:F.”可知，作者在最后一个学期的考试不及格，所以，作者应是“怀疑”自己，符合语境。故选C项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我这样做，我在未来的职业生涯中会有什么表现呢?A.excused原谅；B.changed改变；C.chose选择；D.behaved表现。根据上文的“Thedaybefore,IhadthrownupwhenIemptiedabedpan(便盆).”以及考试成绩可知，作者认为自己“表现”这样，会影响到自己未来的职业生涯。故选D项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把试卷放进包里，上了回家的公共汽车。A.letter信件；B.paper试卷；C.card卡片；D.report报告。根据上文的“Thereitwas,bigandred,atthetopofmytestpaper:F.”可知，作者在看自己的考试试卷，所以此处应是将“试卷”放进包里。故选B项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我想成为一名护士。现在我不知道了，”我对自己说。A.driver司机；B.nurse护士；C.teacher教师；D.doctor医生。根据上文的“IthoughtasIgotmythingstogetherfornursingschool.”以及下文的““I’llbeanursesoon,”Isaid______.”可知，此处指的是作者以前想成为一名“护士”符合语境。故选B项。【26题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：也许我应该退学，放弃当护士的梦想。A.calmdown使平静；B.holdon坚持；C.dropout辍学；D.hurryup匆忙。根据语境以及下文的“andgiveupmydreamofbecominganurse.”可知，作者想放弃护士的梦想，由此可知，此处应为“辍学”符合语境。故选C项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：路上行驶的车辆停了下来。A.Traffic路上行驶的车辆；B.Time时间；C.Work工作；D.Thought思想。根据下文的“Amanlayintheroad,withhismotorbiketurnedupsidedown.”可知，路上有人躺着，且他的摩托车翻了，由此可知，此处指的是“路上行驶的车辆”停了下来，符合语境。故选A项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：没人帮忙。A.helped帮助；B.noticed注意到；C.asked询问；D.cared关心。根据下文的“Theyprobablydidn’tknowhow.”可知，他们不知道怎么做，由此可知，此处指的是没有人“帮忙”符合语境。故选A项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我下了车，冲到他身边。A.turned转向；B.returned归还；C.fell掉落；D.rushed冲。根据语境和上文的“Theyprobablydidn’tknowhow.ButIdid.”以及“Igotoutofthebus”可知，作者是在护士学校的学生，知道该做什么，所以作者应是下了车，“冲”到那个人的身边，符合语境。故选D项。【30题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我取出了绷带。A.puton穿上；B.tookout取出；C.putaway收拾，整理；D.gaveout耗尽。根据下文的““Agoodnursekeepsherpocketsfilledwiththings”可知，护士应该口袋里装满一些东西，由此可知，此处指的是“取出”绷带，符合语境。故选B项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“一个好护士的口袋里总是装满危机时可能需要的东西(危机)，”我的老师说。A.explore探索；B.prefer更喜欢；C.need需要；D.collect收集。根据上文的“I______bandages(绷带).”可知，作者在遇到危机的情况下拿出了需需的绷带，结合下文的“inacrisis(危机)”可知，此处讲述的是老师告诉作者，一位好护士的口袋里要装满在危机时可能“需要”的东西。故选C项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医务人员一到，我就告诉了他们这个人的情况。A.social社会的；B.voluntary自愿的；C.postal邮政的；D.medical医疗的。根据常识和语境以及上文的“Someonecalled911.”可知，在有人受伤或生病的情况下，拨打了911后应该是务人员到场，所以此处应为“医疗的”符合语境。故选D项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：医务人员一到，我就告诉了他们这个人的情况。A.condition条件，状况；B.experience经历；C.behavior行为；D.problem问题。根据上文的“Hisvitalsigns(生命体征)werestrong,buthewasbleeding.I______bandages(绷带).”可知，作者检查了躺在路上的人的情况，所以医务人员到后，作者将“情况”告诉医务人员。故选A项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时，我忘记了我的烦恼，只想着病人。A.schedules时间表；B.dreams梦想；C.worries担忧，烦恼；D.goals目标。根据语境以及上文的“Thereitwas,bigandred,atthetopofmytestpaper:F.”可知，作者考试不及格使得作者怀疑自己要成为护士的梦想，而现在作者只想救人，由此可推断，此处指作者忘记了“烦恼”符合语境。故选C项。【35题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我很快就要当护士了，”我自豪地说。A.naturally自然地；B.suddenly突然；C.sadly伤心地；D.proudly自豪地。根据语境和下文的“Nodoubtaboutit.”可知，作者在回家途中忘记自己的烦恼，心里只想着病人，在有人问及作者职业时，作者很肯定地“自豪地”说自己很快成为一名护士。故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。“JourneytotheWest”,aclassicChinesenovel,hasbeenadaptedoverthecenturies,____36____(appeal)toaudienceswithitsrichnarrativeandcharacters.ItisthemostfamousnovelinChineseliteratureand____37____thecountry’smostsuccessfulculturalexports.But“BlackMyth:Wukong”,releasedonAugust20th,isspecial.ThevideogameisthefirstblockbusterreleasefromaChinesestudio.“BlackMyth”isa“AAA”game—____38____labelthatindicatesbigbudgetsandhighproductionvalues.ManyChinesecomplainedtheircountry’s____39____(ability)toproduceavideogameasthrillingas“GrandTheftAuto”or“WorldofWarcraft”,which____40____(originate)inScotlandandAmerica____41____(respective).Nowtheyarehoping“BlackMyth”marksthearrivalofanewplayerintheAAAarena.GameScience,the____42____(make)of“BlackMyth”,istryingtoachievethisgoal.Thecompanystudiedthebesttitlesandhistoricalmaterialtocreateagameworld____43____wouldfeeltrueto“JourneytotheWest”.Theprocesstooksixyears,butthedeterminationhaspaidoff.Xinhua,anofficialnewsservice,says“BlackMyth”hassucceededin“tellingChina’sstorywithworld-classquality”.AspokespersonforChina’s