湖北省武昌区2023-2024学年届高三上学期元月期末调考英语试卷 （解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省武昌区2023-2024学年届高三上学期元月期末调考英语试卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题15分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Theshopkeepercanhelp.B.Heisnotinterestedinart.C.Heknowstheareaverywell.【答案】A【原文】M:Excuseme.Whereisthenearestsubwaystation?Iwanttovisittheartgalleryintown.W:Sorry,I'mafraidIcan'tbelp.I'mnotanativehere.Isuggestthatyouasktheshopkeeperintheclothingstoreacrossthestreet.M:Thanks.2.Whichpartofthespeechshouldthemanimprove?A.Thevocabulary. B.Thepronunciation. C.Thelogic.【答案】C【原文】M:Helen,whatdoyouthinkofmyspeech?W:Well,youusedtherightwords,andyourpronunciationwasquiteallright.Butyoumadesomestatementsthatdidn'tmakeanysense.M:Isee.Iwillworkonthatpartnexttime.3.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Annoyed. B.Concerned. C.Confused.【答案】A【原文】W:Comeon.Let’smovetoanothertable.M:What’swrong,Beatrice?It’sinconvenientforustomoveourbags,booksandpens.W:You’reright.Butlook,themannexttousissmokinghereinthelibrary.Ican’tstandit.Iwillfindsomeoneincharge.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inahospital. B.Inagrocerystore. C.Inarestaurant.【答案】B【原文】W:Ifyoudon'tneedanythingelse,wewillgotothecheckoutthere,Honey.M:Hmm,Istillwantsomeoranges.Theylooksofresh.W:Sure,theweatherisdrythesedays.Yourdadoftencoughsinthemorning.Orangesmaybehelpful.5.Whatisthewomanworriedabout?A.Herring. B.Theglass. C.Thetable.【答案】C【原文】W:Oh,no.Itoldyounottoputyourcupsdirectlyonthetable.Thatleavesaringonthewood.Useoneofthosecoversoverthere.M:Weshouldjustgetaglasstable.Andwewouldn'tneedcovers.W:Noway.Thisisanantique.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或读白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Makeareservation. B.Changehisflight. C.Cancelhisorder.7.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnJanuary13th. B.OnJanuary14th. C.OnJanuary15th.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】W:ReservationCenter.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Yes.It'saboutmyplaneticket.W:MayIhaveyourname,please?M:MynameisZhangRui.Infact,IhaveareservationonFlightNo.125forZhenjiang,leavingBeijingat2:00p.m.tomorrow.NowI'dliketomakeachangeofmytravelschedule.W:Whendoyouplantomakeit?M:Isitpossibletochangemybookingtothedayaftertomorrow?W:Yes.YouarereconfirmedonFlightNo.125forZhenjiang,leavingBeijingat2:00p.m.onJanuary15th.M:Thanksalot.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatdoesthewomanwanttochange?A.Thetimeofthemeeting.B.Thesubjectofthemeeting.C.Thelocationofthemeeting.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Bossandemployee. C.Teacherandstudent.【答案】8.A9.C【原文】W:Oh,Philip,weweresupposedtomeetearlierthismorningtodiscussyourschoolwork,weren'twe?M:Yes,that'sright.W:I'msorryIcouldn'tbeatmyoffice.Ihadtosortoutaprobleminacanteen.Couldwemeetthisafternoon?M:Idon'tthinkIcan.Ihavedoublephysicsandthenmathsthisafternoon.W:Okay,howaboutlunchtime?M:That'sfine.W:Itwon'ttakelong.Ijustwanttogothroughyourprogresssofar.Idon'tthinkthereareanyproblemswithyourwork,arethere?M:No,everything'sfineasfaras'mconcerned.W:Well,stillcomealongtomyofficewhenyou'reready.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.Whydoesthemancallthewoman?A.Toconfirmthebill.B.Toprovideroomservice.C.Toremindherofcheckout.11.Whenisthewomansupposedtoleave?A.Before11:30a.m. B.Beforenoon. C.Before2:00p.m.12.Whichwordcanbestdescribetheman?A.Energetic. B.Experienced. C.Understanding.【答案】10.C11.B12.C【原文】M:Hello,Ms.Lee?W:Yes,speaking.M:I’mjustcallingtoremindyouthatyoumustcheckoutbynoon.W:Oh,mygoodness,it’salready11:30a.m.M:Thereisa30-dollarextrafeeforlatecheckout.W:Doyouthinkyoucouldgivemeabreak?Ihadanawfulnightyesterday.M:Whathappened,Ms.Lee?W:Ijustlayinbedalmostsleeplessuntil6a.m.M:I’msorrytohearthat.W:So,IwaswonderingifIcouldcheckoutalittlelater.M:IthinkIcanmakeanexceptionthistime.Doyouthinkyouwillbeabletocheckoutby2:00p.m.?W:Noproblem.Thankyouverymuch.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.Whatkeepsthewoman’sbrotherfromswimmingmoreoften?A.Greatinterestinhangingout.B.Highcostofswimmingsuits.C.Longdistancefromthebeach.14.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthewoman’sbrother?A.Hehatesswimming. B.Helikesskateboarding. C.Heispractisingsurfing.15.Whichitemwillthewomanpayforatlast?A.Asurfboard. B.Askateboard. C.Aswimmingsuit.16.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Doingsports. B.Havingarace. C.Buyingagift.【答案】13.A14.B15.A16.C【原文】W:Hi!I’mlookingforapresentformylittlebrother'sbirthday,butI'mnotsurewhattogethim.M:Well,we'reintheskateboardsection,soisitaskateboardthatyou'rethinkingofgettinghim?W:I'mnotsure.He'sbeenskateboardingsincehewas5yearsold.M:Isee.Ifhealreadyhadaskateboard,howaboutsomethingabitdifferent?Doeshelikeswimming?W:Helovesit,buthe'salwaysoutwithhisfriends,sohenevergetstoswimthatmuch.It'sashamebecauseourhomeisonly5minutesfromthebeach.M:Howaboutgettinghimasurfboard?Ifhe'skeenonskateboarding,he'sgoingtolovesurfing.W:Whatagreatidea.He'sneverdoneitbefore,butIthinkit'sperfect.However,I'mthinkingthismaygetabitexpensiveifheneedsaswimmingsuit,too.M:It'syourluckydaybecausewearedoingadealatthemoment.Ifyoubuyasurfboard,theswimmingsuitcomesfree.W:Excellent.Mybrotherisgoingtolovethis.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whatisonebenefitofsellingonline?A.Itimprovesincome. B.Ithelpsthoseinneed. C.Itbroadensthemarket.18.Whatcanweknowaboutthebigplatforms?A.Theyoffernoinsurancetotheseller.B.Theychargethesellerforadvertising.C.Theyaren’treadilyaccessibletosellers.19.Whatshouldbeavoided?A.UsingaseparateE-mailaddress.B.Sellingitemsofgreatvalueonline.C.Meetingthebuyerataprivateplace.20.Howwillthesellerbebannedfromthewebsite?A.Bypresentingpersonalinformation.B.Byprovidingfalseaccountsofproducts.C.Bysellingproductsatanunreasonableprice.【答案】17.A18.B19.C20.B【原文】M:Sellingyourthingsonlinehelpsyougetridofthoseyoudon'tneed,anditcanalsobeagreatsourceofincome.Onethingyouneedtoconsidercarefullyistheplatformonwhichyouaregoingtoadvertise.Mostbigplatformsinthefieldaresopopularwithsellers,notjustbecausetheycangiveyouaccesstoabiggerpoolofpotentialcustomers,butalsobecausetheyofferinsurance,bothtothesellerandthebuyer.Thedisadvantage,however,isthatyouwillneedtopaysomemoneyforusingtheplatform.Youcanusesomeplatformsthateitherchargeasmallerfeeforadvertisingorevennofeeatall.Butinthatcase,whatyouwillneedtokeepinmindisyoursafety,especiallyifthevalueoftheproductyou'resellingishigh.It'salwaysbesttomeetthebuyerduringthedayatapublicplacesuchasacoffeeshop,alibrary,orasupermarketparkinglotanywheremonitoredbysecuritycamerasisgood.Afewmorethingstokeepinmind:alwaysbeaccuratewithyourdescriptionsofthethingsyouareselling.Thelastthingyouwantistobeaccusedofcheatingandbannedfromthewebsite.Moreover,becarefulwithyourpersonalinformation:donotgiveawayyourfullname,homeaddressorcellphonenumberunlessyouhaveto,andhaveaseparatee-mailaddressforsellingonline.Rememberthatasmart,preparedsellerisahappyseller.第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheSelf-PortraitChallengeHaveyoueverdoneaself-portraitinanartlessonatschool?Today,we’rechallengingyoutowriteself-portraitpoems.It’snotuncommontofeellikethewaypeopleseeyouontheoutsidedoesn’tquitematchupwithhowyoufeelontheinside.Socreatingaself-portraitcanbeagoodopportunitytoaddressthosedifferencesandpresenttherealest,truestversionofyourself.Yourchallengeistocreateaself-portraitinlines,usingwordsinsteadofpaint.Readonforsomemoreinspiration.WritingTips●Haveagoatwritingalistofmetaphorsexploringyourphysicalappearance,startingfromyourheadandworkingyourwaydowntowardsyourfeet.●Insteadofrepresentingyourselfdirectly,takeonanothercharacter,suchasafictionalcharacter,ahistoricalfigure,orevenadifferentversionofyourself.●Playaroundwithpersonification,bytakingonthevoiceofaphysicalobjectinyourpoem.Thinkaboutwhataself-portraitfromthepointofviewofamirror,orabowlofyourfavouritefoodwouldlooklike?HowtoenterThischallengeisforwritersagedupto25basedanywhereintheworld.Thedeadlineis23:59GMT,17March2024.Youcansendapoem,orpoems,writtendown,orasvideooraudiofiles.WeareusingSubmittabletoacceptsubmissionstothischallenge.YouwillneedtomakeafreeSubmittableaccounttosubmitinthisway.UsingSubmittablehelpsourteamtoadministrateandprocessentriesmorequickly.SelectedpoetswillbepublishedonYoungPoetsNetwork.21.WhatdoestheSelf-portraitChallengeencourageparticipantstodo?A.Exploretrueselves. B.Conveypositiveemotions.C.Illustratepersonalprofiles. D.Comparedifferentpersonalities.22.Whatissuggestedtobetterhandlethechallenge?A.Usingsimplelanguage. B.Presentingyourselfdirectly.C.Takingadifferentpointofview. D.Focusingonphysicalappearance.23.Whatis“Submittable”likelytobe?A.Awritingtool. B.Asearchengine.C.Anemailaccount. D.Anonlineplatform.【答案】21.A22.C23.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个自画像挑战，解释了其目的以及一些写作建议。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Socreatingaself-portraitcanbeagoodopportunitytoaddressthosedifferencesandpresenttherealest,truestversionofyourself.(因此，创作一幅自画像是一个很好的机会，可以解决这些差异，展示最真实、最真实的自己)”可知，自画像挑战鼓励参与者探索真实的自我。故选A。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据WritingTips部分中“Thinkaboutwhataself-portraitfromthepointofviewofamirror,orabowlofyourfavouritefoodwouldlooklike?(想象一下，从镜子的角度看一幅自画像，或者从一碗你最喜欢的食物的角度看是什么样子？)”可知，要更好地应对这一挑战应该采取不同的角度。故选C。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“WeareusingSubmittabletoacceptsubmissionstothischallenge.YouwillneedtomakeafreeSubmittableaccounttosubmitinthisway.UsingSubmittablehelpsourteamtoadministrateandprocessentriesmorequickly.(我们正在使用Submittable来接受本次挑战的提交。您需要创建一个免费的Submittable账户以这种方式提交。使用Submittable可以帮助我们的团队更快地管理和处理条目)”可推知，Submittable可能是在线平台。故选D。BGrowingup,MaitriWadher,aleft-hander,hasstruggledtocopeinaworldmadeforright-handedpeople.Fromschooldeskstospiralnotebooksthatstopthenaturalflowofwriting,Maitrihasfacedtoughchallengesfromayoungage.“Mymotherusedtotiemylefthandandmakemeeatwithmyrightuntiladoctorwarnedthatthiscouldsignificantlyaffectmygrowthandconfidence,”Maitrisays.Thischildhoodexperiencehadgnawed(折磨)atthebackofhermind,pushinghertodosomethingtoeasethelivesoffellowleft-handers.InSeptember2018,shestartedTheLeftOutStore,whichmakeseverydayproductsrangingfromleft-handedwritingtoolsandscissorstokitchentoolsforleft-handedpeople.StartingTheLeftOutStorewasn’tinthecardsforMaitriforaverylongtime.TheideaforTheLeftOutStorecametoMaitriinjust20minutesduringafestivalatSt.Joseph’sInstituteofManagement,whereshewasapost-graduatestudent.Shepresentedtheroughideatojudgeswholaterbecamesponsors,andtheyenthusiasticallysupportedit.Thisencouragementgaveherthepushtomakeitamarketresearchprojecttotestthewatersandexplorethepotentialmarket.Initially,Maitrifacedafewhiccups.Ittookherquitesometimetofindvendors(小贩)andmakethemunderstandhowtomaketheproducts.Witheverythinginplace,Maitriwentthroughatoughtimereachingcustomers.ThefirsttimeshemadeapropersalewasatanexhibitionatLalitAshok.“Peopleweresurprisedatfirst,butgraduallymoreleft-handedpeoplebeganapproachingme,andsaidtheyrelatetomystruggles.”Sincethen,shehasbeenregularlymarketingherproductsatexhibitions,andkeepsTheLeftOutStoreactiveonsocialmedia.24.WhatchallengedidMaitrifaceasaleft-handerwhilegrowingup?A.Unfairjudgement. B.Lackofparents’love.C.Limitedaccesstoeducation. D.Strugglewithschooltools.25.HowdidMaitriturnherideaintoareality?A.Byseekingstudentsponsors. B.Byconductingmarketresearch.C.Byexpandingthepotentialmarket. D.Bycarryingoutherlong-thoughtplan.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hiccups”probablymean?A.Barriers. B.Threats C.Complaints. D.Oppositions.27.Whatmightbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.ALeft-Hander’sStruggles B.Maitri’sMarketingStrategiesC.Maitri:ASocialMediaCelebrity D.TheLeftOutStore:Maitri’sJourney【答案】24.D25.B26.A27.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Maitri因为是左撇子，从小在学校遇到了很多困难。于是后来她萌生了创办“左手商店”的想法，并通过努力付诸实践。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Fromschooldeskstospiralnotebooksthatstopthenaturalflowofwriting,Maitrihasfacedtoughchallengesfromayoungage.(从学校的课桌到阻止书写自然流畅的螺旋笔记本，Maitri从小就面临着严峻的挑战)”可知，作为一名左撇子，Maitri在成长过程中遇到的挑战是与学校工具作斗争。故选D。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Thisencouragementgaveherthepushtomakeitamarketresearchprojecttotestthewatersandexplorethepotentialmarket.(这种鼓励促使她把它变成一个市场研究项目，以试水和探索潜在市场)”可知，Maitri通过开展市场研究项目把她的想法变成现实。故选B。【26题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Ittookherquitesometimetofindvendors(小贩)andmakethemunderstandhowtomaketheproducts.(她花了很长时间才找到供应商，并让他们了解如何制作产品)”可知，她花了很长时间才找到供应商，并让他们了解如何制作产品，说明一开始遇到了障碍。故划线词意思是“障碍”。故选A。【27题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Thischildhoodexperiencehadgnawed(折磨)atthebackofhermind,pushinghertodosomethingtoeasethelivesoffellowleft-handers.InSeptember2018,shestartedTheLeftOutStore,whichmakeseverydayproductsrangingfromleft-handedwritingtoolsandscissorstokitchentoolsforleft-handedpeople.(这段童年经历一直在她的脑海里挥之不去，促使她做些事情来缓解其他左撇子的生活。2018年9月，她创办了“左手商店”，生产从左撇子书写工具、剪刀到左撇子厨房工具等日常用品)”结合文章主要讲述了Maitri因为是左撇子，从小在学校遇到了很多困难。于是后来她萌生了创办“左手商店”的想法，并通过努力付诸实践。可知，D选项“左手商店：Maitri的旅程”最符合文章标题。故选D。CWe’vealldoneitbefore—droppedaboxofunwantedhouseholdbelongingsatafleamarketanddrivenoffwithasenseofaccomplishment.Buthaveyoueverstoppedtothinkaboutwherethoseitemsactuallygo?BusinessjournalistAdamMinterbeganconsideringthiswhilecleaningouthislatemother’shome.Seekingreassurancethathismother’sdonateditemswouldbeputtogooduseratherthandestroyed,hestartedajourneyworldwidethatresultedinhislatestbook,“Secondhand:TravelsintheNewGlobalGarageSale”.Hefoundtheindustrysignificantlyinthedark,withadisturbinglackofdataonsecondhandgoods,despitetheircrucialroleinclothing,furnishingandeducatingpeopleworldwide.Inthisbook,Minterfullyrevealshimselfasaninvestigativejournalist.Hedoesn’tshyawayfromthecommonly-acceptedassumptionsabouttheglobaltradeinusedgoods.First,MinterquestionstheideathatshipmentsofsecondhandclothesfromdevelopedcountriestoAfricahavedestroyedlocaltextileindustries(纺织业).That’soverlysimplistic,hesays.Hefurtherexplainsthatmultiplefactors,suchasdecliningcottonproductioninlocalareasandeconomicliberation,haveinfluencedthesituation.Minterthenexploresthetopicofcarseats,makingastatementthatrecyclingcarseats,insteadofsellingthemsecondhand,iswastefulandmightcompromise(危害)safetyforchildrenindevelopingcountries.Itisdisturbingtosaysoinasocietythatprioritizeschildsafetyandhighlightszerorisk,butwhenyouconsidertheexcessivecautionthatmightendangerchildren’sliveselsewhere,thesituationstartstolookdifferent.Mintercallsit“wastecolonialism,”thisideathatdevelopedcountriescanapplytheirownsafetystandardsontothemarketsofdevelopingcountries—andit’sdeeplywrong.WhylabelanusedcarseatoranoldTVasunsafeifsomeoneelse,withdifferentskills,isperfectlycapableofrepairingitandwillingtouseit,especiallyiftheylackaccesstonewproductsandotheroptions?Thebookexploresthehugeproblemsofhandlingsurplus(剩余的)itemsandhowproducersdiscouragerepairsandpromotethesalesofnewproducts.Mintercallsforinitiativestoenhanceproductrepairabilityandincreaseproductlifetime.28.WhydoesMintersetoutonajourneyworldwide?A.Torememberhislatemother. B.Toexplorewhereuseditemsendup.C.Tocollectdataforfashionindustries. D.Toadvocaterecyclingofusedgoods.29.InMinter’sopinion,thecommonideaaboutsecondhandclothestradeinAfricais________.A.groundless B.one-sided C.conventional D.self-contradictory30.WhichactiontakenbydevelopedcountriesmightMinterdescribeas“wastecolonialism”?A.SellingoldTVsetstodevelopingcountries.B.Denyingaccesstousedcarseatsdomestically.C.Banningusedgoodsexporttodevelopingcountries.D.Prioritizingsafetyinnewgoodsfordevelopingcountries.31.WhatdoesMinterencourageproducerstodoinhisbook?A.Handleuseditemsefficiently. B.Promotesalesofnewproducts.C.Makemoresustainableproducts. D.Taketheinitiativetoboostproduction.【答案】28.B29.B30.C31.C【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章讲述了商业记者亚当·明特的新书《二手：新全球车库拍卖之旅》，这本书探讨了二手商品市场。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Buthaveyoueverstoppedtothinkaboutwherethoseitemsactuallygo?(但你有没有停下来想过这些东西到底去哪儿了?)”和第二段的“BusinessjournalistAdamMinterbeganconsideringthiswhilecleaningouthislatemother’shome.Seekingreassurancethathismother’sdonateditemswouldbeputtogooduseratherthandestroyed,hestartedajourneyworldwide.(商业记者亚当·明特(AdamMinter)在清理已故母亲的房屋时开始考虑这个问题。为了确保母亲捐赠的物品会得到妥善利用，而不是被毁坏，他开始了一次环球旅行。)”可知，Minter环球旅行是为了弄清楚母亲捐赠的物品去了哪里，也就是探索二手物品的去处。故选B。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段的“First,MinterquestionstheideathatshipmentsofsecondhandclothesfromdevelopedcountriestoAfricahavedestroyedlocaltextileindustries(纺织业).That’soverlysimplistic,hesays.Hefurtherexplainsthatmultiplefactors,suchasdecliningcottonproductioninlocalareasandeconomicliberation,haveinfluencedthesituation.(首先，Minter质疑从发达国家向非洲出口二手服装摧毁了当地纺织业的观点。他说，这过于简单化了。他进一步解释说，当地棉花产量下降和经济解放等多种因素影响了这种情况。)”可知，关于非洲二手服装贸易的普遍观念：向非洲出口的二手服装摧毁了当地的纺织业，Minter表示质疑，认为当地棉花产量下降和经济解放等多种因素也影响了这种情况，因此推断他认为这种普遍的观念是片面的。故选B。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“Minterthenexploresthetopicofcarseats,makingastatementthatrecyclingcarseats,insteadofsellingthemsecondhand,iswastefulandmightcompromise(危害)safetyforchildrenindevelopingcountries.(Minter接着探讨了汽车座椅的话题，他表示，回收而不是出售二手汽车座椅是一种浪费，而且可能会损害发展中国家儿童的安全。)”和倒数第二段的“Mintercallsit“wastecolonialism,”thisideathatdevelopedcountriescanapplytheirownsafetystandardsontothemarketsofdevelopingcountries—andit’sdeeplywrong.WhylabelanusedcarseatoranoldTVasunsafeifsomeoneelse,withdifferentskills,isperfectlycapableofrepairingitandwillingtouseit,especiallyiftheylackaccesstonewproductsandotheroptions?(Minter称之为“废物殖民主义”，这种发达国家可以将自己的安全标准应用于发展中国家市场的想法是大错特错的。如果别人有不同的技能，完全有能力修理，而且愿意使用，尤其是在他们没有新产品和其他选择的情况下，为什么要给二手汽车座椅或旧电视贴上不安全的标签呢?)”可知，Minter说的废物殖民主义，指的是发达国家把自己的安全标准应用于发展中国家，给二手商品贴上不安全的标签，不出口到发展中国家，因此推断禁止向发展中国家出口旧货属于废物殖民主义。故选C。【31题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Mintercallsforinitiativestoenhanceproductrepairabilityandincreaseproductlifetime.(Minter呼吁采取措施提高产品的可修复性并延长产品的使用寿命。)”可知，在他的书中，Minter呼吁生产可维修的寿命较长的产品，也就是生产更多可持续性产品。故选C。DItseemslikejustanothergroupofnon-playercharacters(NPCs)inavideogame.ButunliketraditionalNPCs,thesecharacters’behaviorisn’tprogrammedbyacoder(程序员).Instead,theygeneratetheirbehavioraccordingtoashortbiographygiventothemconsistingofaname,age,job,family,interests,andafewhabits.Whatissurprising?Theybehaveinwaysthatarebelievablyhumanlike.Intheexperiment,ateamofStanfordresearchersledbyJoonSungParkplaced25generativeagentswithinavirtualworld.Eachagentwasassignedauniquebackgroundandparticipatedinatwo-daysimulation(模拟).Variousremarkablebehaviorswerethenobserved.Forexample,oneagentplannedapartyandinformedfriendsandrelatives,manyofwhomshowedupatthecorrecttimeandplace;anotheragentwhodecidedtorunforpresidentsetoffheateddiscussionsamongthecommunity,withdifferentagentsholdingvaryingopinionsonthiscandidate.Theresearchersusedacontrolgroupofhumanparticipants,eachrole-playingoneofthe25agents,andwereastonishedbytheresult:actualhumansgeneratedresponsesthatanevaluationgroupof100individualsratedaslesshuman-likethanthegenerativeagents.Thestudyhasinspiredinterestamonggamedesignerswhohopegenerativeagentswillmakegameplaymoreengaging.ButParkismostinterestedinotherdownstreamapplications,includinggenerativeagents’potentialusefulnessforsocialsciencestudies.“Forexample,researcherscouldexplorehowpeopleinanonlineforumarelikelytorespondtoaparticularmeasureaimedatcounteringfalseinformation,”Parkenvisions.However,Parkacknowledgesthatgenerativeagentsalsoraisesomepotentialethical(伦理的)problems.Onehighlightedriskisthatpeoplewilldevelopone-sided“fakefriendships”withhumanlikegenerativeagentsattheexpenseofrelationshipsinreallife.Theresearchersdescribedtheethicalconcernswithsomeproposedsolutions.“It’salwaysbettertoover-worryaboutethicalproblemsatthebeginningratherthanunderestimatetheirsignificanceandregretitlater,”Parksays.32.HowdothegenerativeagentsinthestudydifferfromtraditionalNPCsinvideogames?A.Theycanwritebiographies. B.Theyarecontrolledbycoders.C.Theybehaveinhumanlikeways. D.Theyhaveuniqueculturalbackgrounds.33.Whichofthefollowingstepsistakenintheexperiment?A.Havingpeopleratethegeneratedbehavior.B.Managingthehumanrole-players’response.C.Evaluatingthe100individuals’generatedresponse.D.Makingthecharactersimitatethehumanparticipants.34.AccordingtoPark,whatcouldbeapotentialuseofgenerativeagents?A.Enhancingonlineforumengagement.B.Makingtechnologicalbreakthroughs.C.Designingmoreabsorbingvideogames.D.Predictinghumanactionsinasocialcontext.35.WhatisPark’srecommendedapproachtotheethicalissuesraisedbygenerativeagents?A.Discounttheirsignificance. B.Addressconcernsinstantly.C.Bedeeplyworriedthroughout. D.Postponesolutionstoalatertime.【答案】32.C33.A34.D35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究人员使用了一组名为“generativeagents”的虚拟角色，这些角色的行为不是由程序员编程设定的，而是根据他们的背景信息生成的。在实验中，这些角色表现出了令人惊讶的类似人类的行为。研究人员对比了一组真实的人类参与者的表现，结果评估组认为生成的角色比真实人类更像人类。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Itseemslikejustanothergroupofnon-playercharacters(NPCs)inavideogame.ButunliketraditionalNPCs,thesecharacters’behaviorisn’tprogrammedbyacoder(程序员).Instead,theygeneratetheirbehavioraccordingtoashortbiographygiventothemconsistingofaname,age,job,family,interests,andafewhabits.Whatissurprising?Theybehaveinwaysthatarebelievablyhumanlike.”（这看起来就像是电子游戏中的另一群非玩家角色(npc)。但与传统的npc不同，这些角色的行为并不是由编码员编程的。相反，他们的行为是根据给他们的一个简短的传记来决定的，包括名字、年龄、工作、家庭、兴趣和一些习惯。令人惊讶的是什么？它们的行为方式非常像人类。）可知，研究中的生成代理与电子游戏中的传统npc的不同之处是它们的行为方式与人类相似。故选C项。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“actualhumansgeneratedresponsesthatanevaluationgroupof100individualsratedaslesshuman-likethanthegenerativeagents.”（一个由100人组成的评估小组认为，真正的人类产生的反应比生成代理更不像人类。）可知，实验让人们对生成的行为进行评价。故选A项。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“ButParkismostinterestedinotherdownstreamapplications,includinggenerativeagents’potentialusefulnessforsocialsciencestudies.“Forexample,researcherscouldexplorehowpeopleinanonlineforumarelikelytorespondtoaparticularmeasureaimedatcounteringfalseinformation,”Parkenvisions.”（但Park最感兴趣的是其他下游应用，包括生成代理在社会科学研究中的潜在用途。“例如，研究人员可以探索在线论坛上的人们可能如何回应旨在打击虚假信息的特定措施，”Park设想。）可推知，根据Park的说法，生成代理的潜在用途是在社会环境中预测人类的行为。故选D项。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中““It’salwaysbettertoover-worryaboutethicalproblemsatthebeginningratherthanunderestimatetheirsignificanceandregretitlater,”Parksays.”（“一开始就过度担心道德问题总是比低估其重要性并在事后后悔要好，”Park说。）可推知，对于生成主体引发的伦理问题，Park推荐的方法是立即解决问题。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。StandingonahillatClivedenGardensonasunnywinterday,itsdark-greenlakesurroundedbycenturies-oldtreestookmybreathaway.____36____It’sjustalocalparknearLondonthatI’dneverheardofduringmyeightyearslivingintheUK.AsIadmiredtheserenegarden,ittaughtmealessonabouttheBritishcultureofunderstatement.“TheEnglishlandscapeismorebeautifulbecauseitsbeautyisunderstated,”myfriendWillsaidtomelateraswewalkedthroughanexhibitionatTateBritain.Hepointedtoapaintingofapeacefulcountryside.“ThisisthelandscapeIgrewupwith”,hesaid.Unlikegrandwaterfallsorwildforests,thisscenerydoesn’tshoutaboutitsbeauty.____37____IwonderifChinesetouristswillexplorebeyondLondon.____38____Indeed,OxfordandCambridgeandthebelovedLakeDistrictNationalParkaresomeiconicsymbolsofBritain.Butitwouldbeapityiftheymissoutonthelesser-knownpartsoftheEnglishlandscape.____39____Irememberastraight-Aclassmateoncetellingmehe“survivedexams”andanotherfriendfromOxfordintroducinghimselfas“studyinginthecountryside”.ThismodestyalsohasitsmirrorinChineseculture.Iremembermyparents’tellingmetoworkhardbutnottobragaboutmyachievements.Chinesecultureisfullofproverbssuchas“realgoldwillshinesoonerorlater”,toencouragelong-termdedicationtoone’schosenareaofexpertise.Experiencingbothcultures,I’verealizedthattheEnglishandChinesebothexpressachievementswithunderstatement.____40____ItreflectstheunspokencharminbothBritishandChinesetraditions.Andit’sanoff-the-beaten-pathattractionwellworthexploration.A.Clivedenisn’tafamousholidayplace.B.Rather,itsbeautyisreservedforthelocalsonly.C.I’vebeenimpressedbyBritishhumorallthetime.D.Theytendtopreferplaceswithastrongreputation.E.ButthemoreIlooked,themoreIsawitsquietelegance.F.Overtheyears,I’vebec