贵州省部分学校联考2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1贵州省部分学校联考2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A.Hegotapresent.B.Heworkedovertime.C.Heattendedaparty.2.HowdoesFelixfeelnow?A.Regretful.B.Encouraged.C.Sympathetic.3.HowwillHelentraveltoNewYork?A.Byplane.B.Bycar.C.Bytrain.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atabakery.B.Athome.C.Atschool.5.Whydidthewomanmakeanapologytotheman?A.Shebrokehiscar.B.Shecan’tmeetMarywithhim.C.Shecan’tgivehimaride.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whatmightthewomanbe?A.Awriter.B.Abookseller.C.Apublisher.7.Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A.Hecanfindthebookhimself.B.Heknowsthebookverywell.C.Hedoesn’tlikeadventurenovels.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.WhathasbeenplantedinMr.Stenson’sfields?A.Cotton.B.Corn.C.Wheat.9.WhydoesLilythinkherunclecanprovidehelp?A.Heownsafarm.B.HelivesclosetoLily.C.Heisanexpertinfarming.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.WhatdidVickydotoimproveherChinese?A.ShetraveledtoChina.B.Shehadclasseswithhermother.C.Shelearnedfromatutoronline.11.HowmuchhasVickypaidtoimproveherChinesesofar?A.$600.B.$700.C.$800.12.HowdoesVickysoundintheend?A.Anxious.B.Grateful.C.Surprised.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.Whatwilltheweatherbelikeintheafternoon?A.Bright.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.14.Fromwhichaspectofthebirdsdoestheoldfarmerknowtheweather?A.Theheightoftheirnests.B.Theshapeoftheirnests.C.Thewayinwhichtheyfly.15.Whyistheoldfarmer’sfathermentioned?A.Todiscusshowtotakeupfarming.B.Topersuadethewomantostudytheweather.C.Toshowwherethefarmerlearnedweatherprediction.16.Whichbehaviorofcattleindicatesarainydayaccordingtotheman?A.Wanderingaround.B.Lyingdown.C.Eatinggrasscarelessly.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.Whatdidthespeakermanagetodoeachdaylastyear?A.Sheran40minutes.B.Sheplayedonherphoneforonlyonehour.C.Shestartedthedaywithmakingplans.18.WhatpercentageofpeoplelikemakingNewYearresolutionsintheworld?A.About25%.B.About50%.C.About75%.19.WhatdoesJohnthinkofmakingresolutionsontheNewYear’sDay?A.It’sdifficult.B.It’simportant.C.It’sunnecessary.20.Whatisthespeakergoingtodiscussnext?A.WhytomakeNewYearresolutions.B.HowtoachieveNewYearresolutions.C.HowtomakeNewYearresolutions.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASunshineandbeachmeansperfecttravelonahotsummerday.Infact,therearemanycolorfulbeachesintheworld.Lookattheworld’smostcolorfulbeacheshere.Whichonewouldyouliketochoose?Pink:PinkSandBeach,HarbourIsland,BahamasHarborIslandiscelebratedforitspalepink,coralreef-protectedshore.Thebeachborrowsitscolorfromitty-bitty,brightpinkmicroorganismsknownasforaminifera(有孔虫),anditssandisalwaysdelightfullycooltothetouch,soyoucanwalkbarefootwithoutworryingaboutburningyourtoes.Green:PapakoleaBeach,HawaiiSituatednearSouthPointoftheislandofHawaii,PapakoleaBeachisaprettyuncommonsight.ThesuperremotestretchofgreensandiscarvedintothesideofPuuMahana-acindercone(火山砾锥)over49,000yearsoldwhich,thankstoerosion,hastintedtheshorewitholivinelava.White:HyamsBeach,NewSouthWales,AustraliaAustralia’sHyamsBeachhasbeendeemedthebrightestandwhitestsandonearth-justconsultyourGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsforproof.Thesandhereismadeupofbrightwhitesilica,anditisknownforitsfinetextureandpillow-likesoftness.Notonlydovisitorsgettoenjoygreatvisuals,buttheyalsogettowalkonthesilkiestsandsthattheyareeverlikelytoexperience.Red:KaihaluluBeach,MauiIsland,AmericaKaihaluluBeachboastsofitsmagnificentredsandbeach.It’snosurpriseastowherethecolorcomesfrom-thebeachissurroundedbyredcliffs,andthecontrastofthebluewateragainsttheredlandscapeissimplystunning.1.WhatmakesPinkSandBeachpink?A.Thecoolsand. B.Thecindercone.C.Thecoralreef. D.Theforaminifera.2.Whichisthebestchoiceforthesilkiestsandswalkingexperience?A.PinkSandBeach. B.PapakoleaBeach.C.HyamsBeach. D.KaihaluluBeach.3.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A.Asciencefiction. B.Ahistorydocumentary.C.Atravelbrochure. D.Abookreview.【答案】1.D2.C3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了世界上四处多彩的沙滩。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据“Pink:PinkSandBeach,HarbourIsland,Bahamas”部分“Thebeachborrowsitscolorfromitty-bitty,brightpinkmicroorganismsknownasforaminifera(有孔虫)),anditssandisalwaysdelightfullycooltothetouch,soyoucanwalkbarefootwithoutworryingaboutburningyourtoes.(这片海滩的颜色源自微小的、亮粉色的被称为有孔虫的微生物，并且它的沙子总是触感凉爽宜人，所以你可以光脚行走，不用担心烫伤脚趾。)”可知，是有孔虫让粉红沙滩呈现粉色。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“White:HyamsBeach,NewSouthWales,Australia”部分“Notonlydovisitorsgettoenjoygreatvisuals,buttheyalsogettowalkonthesilkiestsandsthattheyareeverlikelytoexperience.(游客不仅可以欣赏到绝佳的视觉效果，还可以走在他们可能体验过的最丝滑的沙滩上。)”可知，想要体验走在最丝滑沙滩上的感觉，海姆斯海滩是最佳选择。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Sunshineandbeachmeansperfecttravelonahotsummerday.Infact,therearemanycolorfulbeachesintheworld.Lookattheworld’smostcolorfulbeacheshere.Whichonewouldyouliketochoose?(阳光和海滩意味着炎热夏日里的完美旅行。事实上，世界上有许多色彩斑斓的海滩。来看看世界上最绚丽多彩的海滩吧。你想选择哪一个呢？)”可知，整体在介绍不同特色的海滩以吸引人们去游玩，所以很可能出自旅游宣传册。故选C。BWangHaoze,acrewmemberoftheShenzhouXIXmissionandChina’sfirstfemalespaceflightengineer,studiedenergyandpowerengineeringatSoutheastUniversitybeforereceivingabachelor’sdegreein2012andthencontinuedtotakepartinathree-yearpostgraduateprograminthermalengineeringatthesameschool.Beforehergraduation,WangsubmittedherresumetotheBeijingAerospacePropulsionInstitute.Attheinstitute,Wangwaspartoftheresearchanddevelopmentofnewmodelsofrocketengines,anewfieldthatshehadneverbeeninvolvedin.Facedwithnewchallengesandknowledge,sheenjoyedlearningandovercomingdifficulties,whichappearedasanintriguinggametoher.Hardworkandperseverancealwayspayoff.Shegraduallybecamethebackboneofherteam.Threeyearsafterworkingonrocketengines,shewastoldbyhumanresourcescolleaguesthatthecountrywouldrecruitthethirdgenerationofastronauts.Wangand17malecandidateswereselectedanddividedintothreegroups:sevenspacecraftpilots,anothersevenspaceflightengineersandfourmissionpayloadspecialists.AttheAstronautCenterofChina,Wanghasfacedgruelingchallenges.Shehasspenttoughtimeswithteammatesinsurvivaldrillsindesertsandatsea,andhasendureda72-hoursleeplesstest.Despitethedifficulties,shesaidshehasneverconsideredquitting.Lookingintoherfirstorbitaljourney,theastronautsaid:“IwanttofloatinsideTiangongtoexperiencetheexcitementofweightlessness.IalsohopethatIcancompleteeachandeverytasksuccessfullyandmakeour‘spacehome’better.”4.WhatdidWangHaozemajorinbefore2012?A.Spaceengineering. B.Thermalengineering.C.Aerospacepropulsion. D.Energyandpowerengineering.5.WhatcanbelearnedaboutWangfromparagraph2?A.Shedidresearchintorocketenginesbefore.B.Sheshrankfromdifficultiessheencountered.C.Sheplayedakeyroleinherteamattheinstitute.D.Shesawanastronautrecruitmentadvertisement.6.WhatcanbeusedtodescribeWangHaoze?A.Courageousandhumble. B.Determinedandgenerous.C.Perseverantanddetermined. D.Approachableandinfluential.7.WhatcanweinferaboutWang?A.Wanghandlesthetesteasily. B.Wangdesiresforherspacemission.C.Wangwantstoabandonhertraining. D.Wangcontributesalottospacefields.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是中国首位女太空工程师王浩泽的职业历程，从学术研究到火箭发动机开发，再到成为神舟十九号任务的宇航员，及其对太空探索的热情与贡献。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“WangHaoze,acrewmemberoftheShenzhouXIXmissionandChina’sfirstfemalespaceflightengineer,studiedenergyandpowerengineeringatSoutheastUniversitybeforereceivingabachelor’sdegreein2012andthencontinuedtotakepartinathree-yearpostgraduateprograminthermalengineeringatthesameschool.(王浩泽是神舟十五号的机组成员，也是中国第一位女航天工程师，她在东南大学学习能源与动力工程，后于2012年获得学士学位，然后继续在同一所学校攻读为期三年的热能工程研究生课程)”可知，王浩泽在2012年前主修专业为能源与动力工程专业。故选D。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Shegraduallybecamethebackboneofherteam.(她逐渐成为了团队的骨干)”可知，王浩泽逐渐成为团队中的主心骨，即她在团队中发挥着重要作用。故选C。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Facedwithnewchallengesandknowledge,sheenjoyedlearningandovercomingdifficulties,whichappearedasanintriguinggametoher.(面对新的挑战和知识，她喜欢学习和克服困难，这对她来说是一种有趣的游戏)”以及第四段“Despitethedifficulties,shesaidshehasneverconsideredquitting.(尽管困难重重，她说她从未考虑过放弃)”可知，王浩泽具有坚韧不拔和信念坚定的品质。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Lookingintoherfirstorbitaljourney,theastronautsaid:“IwanttofloatinsideTiangongtoexperiencetheexcitementofweightlessness.IalsohopethatIcancompleteeachandeverytasksuccessfullyandmakeour‘spacehome’better.”(回顾她的第一次轨道旅行，这位宇航员说：“我想在天宫里漂浮，体验失重的兴奋。我也希望我能成功完成每一项任务，让我们的‘太空家园’变得更好。”)”可知，王浩泽对自己的太空探索任务充满期待。故选B。CWhendeliveringmedicationstopatients,oneofthemosteffectivemethodsisdirectinjectionintothebloodstreamusinganeedle.Butthiscanbeanuncomfortableexperience,especiallyforkidsoradultswithafearofneedles.Whilepatientsdohavetheoptiontotakepillsinstead,somedrugsarenotabsorbedeffectivelythisway.Now,researchersfromChinaandSwitzerlandhavedesignedaneedle-freealternative:atiny,drug-filledcupthatstickstotheinsideofthecheek.Thepatch(贴片)iseasytouse,canberemovedatanytime,andpreventssaliva(唾液)frombreakingdownthedrug,whichcanbetakenintothroughtheliningoftheinnercheek.Totestthedesign,theteam3D-printedtheir1.1×0.6centimetermaterial.Theyloadedeachwithsomedrugandstucktheminsidethecheeksofthreebeagles,dogswithasimilarinnercheekliningtohumans.Forcomparison,theyalsodeliveredthedrugtobeaglesviaapillandviainjection.Afterthreehours,theteamfoundthatdrugplasmaconcentrations(血药浓度)inthedogswiththepatchweremorethan150timeshigherthanthoseinthedogsthattookapill.Besides,40healthyhumanvolunteersself-appliedwater-filledpatchestoseehowwelltheywouldstayonwhiletalking,movingandusingtheirmouthwash.After30minutes,onlyfiveofthe40patcheshadfallenoff,whichthestudyauthorswritewasbecauseofimproperplacementorhandling.Mostvolunteerssaidtheyhadapreferenceforapatchoverinjectionfordaily,weeklyandmonthlyapplications.Thoughthepatchesneedfurthertestingtodeterminehowrepeateduseaffectspatients,theresearchersconcludethattheirtechniqueissimpleandeasilyself-applicablebypatients.Next,theteamwantstobringtheirsuction-cupdesigntomarket.Theywillhavetoconductmoretestsbeforestartinghumanclinicaltrials.8.Whatisthemainproblemwiththetraditionalneedleinjection?A.Itisnoteffectiveforalldrugs. B.Itmaycausediscomforttopatients.C.Itistooexpensiveformanypatients. D.Itrequiresspecialtrainingformedicalstaff.9.Howdoesthenewneedle-freealternativework?A.Itdissolvesthedruginthesaliva.B.Itusesa3D-printedsuction-cuptoinjectthedrug.C.Itstickstotheinnercheekforthedrugtobeabsorbed.D.Itpreventsthedrugbeingbrokendownbystomachacid.10.Whatcanweknowfromtheexperiment?A.Mostpatcheshadlittleeffect. B.Themajorityofvolunteerspreferredapatch.C.Dogsinjectedwiththedrughadsideeffects. D.Dogstakingpillsshowednodrugabsorption.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MagicalDrugMadefromBeagle B.EffectiveTreatmentforPillTakingC.AlternativePatchforNeedleInjection D.MedicalResearchDesignedforPatients【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一种新型无针给药贴片，它能粘附于脸颊内部，提供高效的药物吸收，并可能替代传统的针头注射，提高患者的用药舒适度。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Whendeliveringmedicationstopatients,oneofthemosteffectivemethodsisdirectinjectionintothebloodstreamusinganeedle.Butthiscanbeanuncomfortableexperience,especiallyforkidsoradultswithafearofneedles.(当给病人提供药物时，最有效的方法之一是用针头直接注射到血液中。但这可能是一种不舒服的经历，尤其是对害怕打针的孩子或成年人来说)”可知，传统针头注射的问题是会给病人造成不适。故选B。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Now,researchersfromChinaandSwitzerlandhavedesignedaneedle-freealternative:atiny,drug-filledcupthatstickstotheinsideofthecheek.Thepatch(贴片)iseasytouse,canberemovedatanytime,andpreventssaliva(唾液)frombreakingdownthedrug,whichcanbetakenintothroughtheliningoftheinnercheek.(现在，来自中国和瑞士的研究人员设计了一种无需针头的替代品：一个微小的、装满药物的杯子，贴在脸颊内侧。这种贴片易于使用，可以随时取下，并且可以防止唾液分解药物，药物可以通过内颊的内壁被吸收)”可知，该贴片的工作机制是将含药物的贴片粘于口腔内壁，通过口腔内壁吸收药物来达到功效的。故选C。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Afterthreehours,theteamfoundthatdrugplasmaconcentrations(血药浓度)inthedogswiththepatchweremorethan150timeshigherthanthoseinthedogsthattookapill.(三小时后，研究小组发现，贴片狗体内的血药浓度比服用药片的狗高出150倍以上)”和第四段“Mostvolunteerssaidtheyhadapreferenceforapatchoverinjectionfordaily,weeklyandmonthlyapplications.(大多数志愿者表示，他们更倾向于每天、每周和每月使用贴片而不是注射)”可知，绝大部分的志愿者都表达了相较于针头注射，更愿意使用贴片的倾向。故选B。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Now,researchersfromChinaandSwitzerlandhavedesignedaneedle-freealternative:atiny,drug-filledcupthatstickstotheinsideofthecheek.Thepatch(贴片)iseasytouse,canberemovedatanytime,andpreventssaliva(唾液)frombreakingdownthedrug,whichcanbetakenintothroughtheliningoftheinnercheek.(现在，来自中国和瑞士的研究人员设计了一种无需针头的替代品：一个微小的、装满药物的杯子，贴在脸颊内侧。这种贴片易于使用，可以随时取下，并且可以防止唾液分解药物，药物可以通过内颊的内壁被吸收)”结合文章主要讲述了针对传统针头注射弊端，我国科学家与瑞士科学家联合研发了替代性治疗方式，即使用含药物的贴片附着于口腔内壁，以达到治疗效果的相关信息。故C项“贴片替代针注射”最为具体贴切。故选C。DAirborne(空气传播的)chemicalsfoundincommonfossilfuelsareinterferingwiththepollinationprocess,newresearchshows—totheextentthatit’schangingthewayaflowersmells.Andwhilethismighthaveaminorimpactonpeoplewholiketostopandsmelltheflowers,theeffectoninsects—whichcannolongerfindflowerstolandon,especiallyatnight—isconcerning,expertssay.Akindofinsectcalledhawkmoth,whichJeffRiffell,abiologistfromtheUniversityofWashington,andhiscolleaguesstudied,detectsthepleasantsmellofflowersfromoverakilometeraway.Oneoftheirfavoritesisthepaleeveningprimrose.InthefieldsineasternWashingtonState,theresearchteambaggedtheflowerstocollectsamplesoftheirscent.Inthelaboratory,theyisolatedtheindividualchemicalsthatmadeupthesmell.Theteamdiscoveredthatcertainscentchemicalsthatmothsareattractedtodegrade(分解)inthepresenceofNO3,astrongpollutantthatisformedfromtheemissionsofcars,coal-firedpowerplantsandotherindustrialsources.NO3buildsupintheairatnightbecauseitisdestroyedbysunlight.Inlaboratoryexperiments,twomothspeciesstruggledtoflytotheeveningprimrosescentwhenexposedtoNO₃levelstypicallyseenatnightincities.WhentheresearcherswentbackintothefieldandtreatedthescentfrombothrealandartificialflowerswithNO₃,wildmothvisitsdroppedbyabout70%.“Theflowersonlybloomoncepernight,”Riffelsaid.“Withouttheirpollinators,therecanbeahugechangeintheplantcommunity.”Regardless,thereisnowaconcernforpollinatorslikemothstobecomeunabletofulfilltheirecosystemduties.Riffellnotedthatabout75%ofover240,000documentedfloweringplantsneedinsectintervention—andthatabout70speciesofpollinatorsareendangeredorthreatened.“Inrecentyears,therehasbeenagrowinginterestin‘sensorypollution’,”saidRiffell.Thispollution,whicharisesfromhumanactivity,canchangewildlifebehavior,hesaid.Noisepollution,forexample,hasbeenshowntoimpactbirdsongandmaybelinkedtoanincreaseinwhalestrandings(搁浅).Lightpollution,meanwhile,canconfusearangeofanimalsincludingmigratorybirdsandseaturtles.12.Whatdotheairbornechemicalsmostaffect?A.Thewayflowerssmell. B.Peoplewholikesmellingflowers.C.Insectsthatfindflowerstolandon. D.Theprocessofcollectingflowerscents.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“isolated”meaninparagraph2?A.Combined. B.Separated. C.Identified. D.Preserved.14.Whydothemothslandlessonflowers?A.Scentchemicalsbreakdown. B.Sunshinedamagesthescents.C.Flowersblossomonlyonetime. D.Vehiclesreleasevariouspollutants.15.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Hawkmothcannotlocateflowers.B.Humanactivitycausessensorypollution.C.Airpollutionchangesthewayflowerssmell.D.Lightpollutiondestroysthewildlife’shabitats.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了常见化石燃料中发现的空气传播化学物质对授粉过程产生干扰，改变了花的气味，进而对昆虫寻找花朵产生影响的相关研究。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Andwhilethismighthaveaminorimpactonpeoplewholiketostopandsmelltheflowers,theeffectoninsects—whichcannolongerfindflowerstolandon,especiallyatnight—isconcerning,expertssay.(专家说，虽然这可能对喜欢停下来闻闻花香的人影响不大，但对昆虫的影响令人担忧，因为昆虫找不到花，尤其是在晚上)”可知，空气传播的化学物质主要影响的是那些难以找到花朵降落的昆虫，尤其是在夜间。故选C。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“InthefieldsineasternWashingtonState,theresearchteambaggedtheflowerstocollectsamplesoftheirscent.Inthelaboratory(在华盛顿州东部的田地里，研究小组把花装在袋子里，收集它们的气味样本。在实验室里)”以及后文“theindividualchemicalsthatmadeupthesmell(构成花香的单个化学物质)”可知，研究小组先是收集气味，然后在实验室里分离出了构成花香的单个化学物质。故划线词意思为“分离”的意思。故选B。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theteamdiscoveredthatcertainscentchemicalsthatmothsareattractedtodegrade(分解)inthepresenceofNO3,astrongpollutantthatisformedfromtheemissionsofcars,coal-firedpowerplantsandotherindustrialsources.(研究小组发现，在NO3存在的情况下，飞蛾会被吸引去降解某些气味化学物质，NO3是一种由汽车、燃煤电厂和其他工业排放形成的强污染物)”可知，飞蛾很少落在花上是因为气味化学物质会分解。故选A。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Airborne(空气传播的)chemicalsfoundincommonfossilfuelsareinterferingwiththepollinationprocess,newresearchshows—totheextentthatit’schangingthewayaflowersmells.(一项新的研究表明，在普通化石燃料中发现的空气传播的化学物质正在干扰授粉过程——在某种程度上，它正在改变花朵的气味)”结合文章主要讲述了空气传播的化学物质干扰授粉过程，改变了花的气味，所以文章主要讨论的是空气污染改变了花的气味，故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Timemanagementistheprocessofplanningandcontrollinghowmuchtimetospendonspecificactivities.Theamountandqualityofwhatyouachievearecruciallydependentonhoweffectivelyyoumanageyourtime.Basedonourexperienceasscientistsandsupervisors,hereissomeadviceonhowtomanageyourtimemoreeffectivelyasascientist.MakeaplanTosucceedinaproject,itisessentialtocreatealistofallthetasksthatareeithernecessaryorimportantforachievingyourgoals.Then,prioritizethesetasks.____16____.Thisallowsyoutoidentifyataglancethetasksthatyouneedtofocuson.BewareofdistractionsTakealong,hardlookatyourrelationshipwithe-mailandsocialmedia.____17____.Considershuttingthemoffcompletelyasyouworkonataskthatrequiresyourfullattention.Learntosay“no”Manybusinessleadersputalotoftheirsuccessdowntosimplysaying“no”.Thatis,theyprioritizetheireffortsinthefewareasthatreallymatterandhavethecouragetosaynotoeverythingelse.Thoseaskingforyourinvolvementwouldbemoredisappointedifyouunwiselyagreedtodosomething,butthenfailedtodeliver.____18____.Giveyourselfabreak____19____.Don’tbehardonyourself:youwillactuallyperformbetterifyoutakebreaksandcultivatealifeoutsidescience.Thismightseemcounter-intuitivewithallthosetasksonyourlist,butsolutionstoapparentlyintractableproblemscancomefromarefreshedbrain—andabrainthatcankeepthingsinperspective.____20____Yourplanandprioritylistwillneedtoberegularlyupdated,particularlywhenthingsarenotgoingwell.Don’tpanicifyourexperimentsorinitiativesfail,instead,redraftyourplanandaimtooffloadallotherdistractingtasksasyoudevotemoretimetoaresolution.A.UpdateyourplanB.ExplorealternativeideasC.TakingbreaksisgoodforyourbrainD.Berealisticwithyourself,andhonestwithothersE.HighlighttasksonyourlisttoindicatetheirurgencyF.It’simportanttobehonestandtolookafteryourhealthG.Althoughtheyarevitaltoeverydaycommunication,theycanclaimmuchmoreattention【答案】16.E17.G18.D19.C20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了良好的时间管理能让你高效工作，帮你减压，最终走上人生巅峰，并介绍了科学家们常用的5种时间管理方式。【16题详析】这段内容强调要制定计划并列出所有任务，然后对任务进行优先级排序。E选项“Highlighttasksonyourlisttoindicatetheirurgency.(把列表中的任务涂上高亮。)”突出任务的紧急程度，符合对任务进行进一步区分和强调的逻辑，使得一眼就能看出需要重点关注的任务，而下文的“Thisallowsyoutoidentifyataglancethetasksthatyouneedtofocuson.(这让你一眼就能确定你需要关注的任务。)”也对该选项进行了呼应，故选E。【17题详析】这段内容讨论的是要警惕分心的事物，特别是电子邮件和社交媒体。前文“Takealong,hardlookatyourrelationshipwithe-mailandsocialmedia.(仔细审视一下你与电子邮件和社交媒体的关系)”提到要审视与电子邮件和社交媒体的关系，G选项“Althoughtheyarevitaltoeverydaycommunication,theycanclaimmuchmoreattention.(尽管它们对日常交流至关重要，但它们可能会吸引更多的注意力。)”解释了为什么要警惕这两者，即它们可能导致分心，且后文“Considershuttingthemoffcompletelyasyouworkonataskthatrequiresyourfullattention.(当你在做一项需要全神贯注的任务时，考虑把它们完全关掉。)”进一步说明了要避免它们的干扰，故选G。【18题详析】该部分提到许多商业领袖将他们的成功归功于简单地说“不”，即他们在真正重要的少数领域中优先努力,并有勇气对其他一切说“不”。D选项“Berealisticwithyourself,andhonestwithothers.(对自己要现实，对别人要诚实。)”中的“honest”与前文“Manybusinessleadersputalotoftheirsuccessdowntosimplysaying‘no’.(许多商业领袖把他们的成功归结为简单地说“不”。)”中说“不”的诚实态度相呼应，强调了在面对他人请求时要诚实和现实地做出选择，故选D。【19题详析】这段内容强调要给自己休息的时间。C选项“Takingbreaksisgoodforyourbrain.(休息对你的大脑有好处。)”直接点明了休息的好处，与段落主题一致，且后文“Don’tbehardonyourself:youwillactuallyperformbetterifyoutakebreaksandcultivatealifeoutsidescience.(不要对自己太苛刻：如果你休息一下，培养一下科学之外的生活，你会表现得更好。)”提到如果休息并培养科学之外的生活，实际上会表现得更好，C选项解释了为什么要给自己休息时间，符合段落逻辑，故选C。【20题详析】后文“Yourplanandprioritylistwillneedtoberegularlyupdated,particularlywhenthingsarenotgoingwell.Don’tpanicifyourexperimentsorinitiativesfail,instead,redraftyourplanandaimtooffloadallotherdistractingtasksasyoudevotemoretimetoaresolution.(你的计划和优先事项清单需要定期更新，特别是当事情进展不顺利的时候。如果你的实验或计划失败了，不要惊慌，相反，重新起草你的计划，把所有其他分散注意力的任务都甩掉，把更多的时间花在解决问题上。)”围绕计划需要更新展开，A选项“Updateyourplan.(更新你的计划。)”准确地概括了段落的主旨，统领了后文的内容，故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ItwasawarmsunnySaturdayafternoonsomefifteenorsixteenyearsago.Itookmytwoolderkidstothelocal____21____whilemywifeputtheyoungestdownforanap.Assoonaswegotthere,mydaughterrantowardstheswingsandaskedforapush.AsIwashelpingmydaughtertogohigherandhigher,I____22____anotherlittlegirltryingina(n)____23____attempttogetherownswingflying.Herelderlygrandmotherwassittingquietlyonanearbybenchandsmiledatme.Igavemydaughteronebig____24____andthenwalkedovertothelittlegirlandaskedifsheneededapushtoo.Shesmiledandsaid“Yes!”Isoonhadherfeetsoaringtowardsthe____25____whileshelaughedhappily.ForthenexttwohoursIfoundmyselfpushingswingsandplayingwithmyson,daughter,andtheotherlittlegirl.Bythetimewe____26____home,Iwasphysicallyexhausted,butwasinhigh____27____likethoseflyingswings.Twoyearslater,Iwasexhaustedagainafteralongday’swork.Still,Ineededto____28____mykidsfromthelocalgradeschoolbeforegoinghome.Istoodintheparents’waitingareawatchingformychildren.Suddenly,Ifelttwotinyarms____29____aroundmystomach.Ilookeddownandtherewasthelittlegirlfromtheplaygroundsmilingupatme.She____30____meagainbeforeleaving.AsIwatchedherback,Ididn’tfeelquitesotiredanymoreandmyspiritswereonceagain____31____intheHeavens.Inthislifeeverysinglebitofloveweshare____32____itswaybacktousagain.Itmaytravelfromhearttoheartoritmay____33____inthesoulwhereitwasplanted.Itmaytakesecondsoritmaytakeyears.The____34____oflove,though,isneverbroken.Whatwegive,wegetback.Whatwe____35____,weharvest.Theloveweshare,thekindnesswegive,andthejoywecreatewillalwayscomebacktoblessus.21.A.kindergarten B.school C.playground D.library22.A.recognize B.noticed C.observed D.glanced23.A.vain B.great C.active D.perfect24.A.praise B.treat C.ride D.push25.A.swings B.clouds C.ground D.bench26.A.drove B.brought C.headed D.left27.A.doubts B.surprise C.despair D.spirits28.A.pickedup B.searchedfor C.lookedover D.caredabout29.A.circled B.turned C.wrapped D.gathered30.A.greeted B.hugged C.reminded D.thanked31.A.floating B.flying C.dancing D.moving32.A.winds B.forces C.finds D.feels33.A.mark B.shade C.shelter D.flower34.A.promise B.experience C.bond D.law35.A.sow B.water C.weed D.tend【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.B26.C27.D28.A29.C30.B31.B32.C33.D34.D35.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者带孩子去游乐场荡秋千，帮助了一个女孩荡秋千，两年后作者去接孩子，再次遇到了女孩，女孩拥抱了作者，让作者感悟到我们分享的爱，我们给予的善意，我们创造的快乐总会回来祝福我们。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我带两个大一点的孩子去当地的游乐场，而我妻子让最小的孩子睡午觉。A.kindergarten幼儿园；B.school学校；C.playground游乐场；D.library图书馆。根据后文“Assoonaswegotthere,mydaughterrantowardstheswingsandaskedforapush.(我们一到那里，女儿就跑向秋千，要求我推她一把)”可知，提到了秋千，说明去了游乐场。故选C。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我扶着女儿飞得越来越高的时候，我注意到另一个小女孩徒劳地试图让她自己的秋千飞起来。A.recognize认可；B.noticed注意到；C.observed观察；D.glanced瞥见。根据后文“anotherlittlegirl”指作者注意到了另一个女孩，故选B。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我扶着女儿飞得越来越高的时候，我注意到另一个小女孩徒劳地试图让她自己的秋千飞起来。A.vain徒劳的；B.great伟大的；C.active活跃的；D.perfect完美的。根据后文“walkedovertothelittlegirlandaskedifsheneededapushtoo”作者提出帮助，推测女孩自己没办法荡秋千，即徒劳地试图让她自己的秋千飞起来。故选A。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我使劲地推了女儿一把，然后走到小女孩身边，问她是否也需要我推一把。A.praise赞美；B.treat款待；C.ride搭车；D.push推。根据后文“askedifsheneededapushtoo”指作者推了女儿的秋千一把，故选D。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很快就让她的脚飞向云端，她开心地笑着。A.swings摇摆；B.clouds云；C.ground地面；D.bench长椅。根据上文“Isoonhadherfeetsoaringtowardsthe”以及女孩同意作者帮助自己荡秋千，所以作者推了女孩的秋千，让她的脚飞向云端，故选B。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们回家的时候，我已经筋疲力尽了，但精神却很好，就像那些会飞的秋千