广东省汕尾市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省汕尾市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。APeruisoneofthemostpopularplacestovisitinSouthAmerica.Itisahugecountry(it’stwicethesizeofTexas),sobeforeyougetthere,youneedtothinkabouthowyou’regoingtogetfromAtoB.BusTakingabusisthebestandeasiestwaytogetaroundPeru.Eventhoughittakeslonger,it’sareliable,safe,andcheapoption.ThebestwaytobookabusjourneyinPeruiswithBusBud,asitshowsyoualltheroutesandcompaniesavailableandissupereasytouse!AnotherpopularoptionistobookashuttleserviceviaBookaway.ItisessentiallyaminivanthattypicallygoesdirectlyfromAtoBandisaslightlymoreluxuriousoption.Bookawayalsoshowsoptionstobookbustripsifyouwanttograbticketsthatway.CarRentalIfyouhaveabiggerbudgetandwanttogooffthebeatenpath,thenrentingacarinPeruisafantasticoption,asitgivesyoufreedom.ThemainroadsinPeruare,forthemostpart,well-maintained,sodrivinghereisapleasantexperience,TrainTraintravelisn’tverypopularinPeru.It’smostlyusedbytouriststogettoMachuPicchu,asbothIncaRailandPeruRailoperatelinesfromCusco(orthenearbytownofOllantaytambo)toMachuPicchu.PeruRailalsotravelstoPunoandArequipa.PlaneDomesticflightsinPeruarebooming,andairlineslikeStarPeru,LATAMPeru,andPeruvianAirlinesarethemostpopularinthecountry.TheyoperateregularroutesbetweenmajorcitieslikeLima,Cusco,andArequipa,aswellasmoreremotedestinationslikeIquitosandPucallpa-whichishandyasboththesespotsarenotoriouslyhardtoreach.Asyoucanguess,flyingwillbealotmoreexpensivethantravelingbybus,butofcourse,yourtraveltimewillbealotless.Expecttopayaround$127USDforaone-wayflightbetweenCuscoandLima!1.WhichmodeoftransportationisconsideredthemostsuitablefortravelinginPeru?A.Thebus. B.Thecar. C.Thetrain. D.Theplane.2.WhatisthemainbenefitofrentingacarinPeru?A.Itisthecheapesttransportationoption.B.Itallowsyoutoavoidbusytouristspots.C.Itguaranteesaccesstoallremotedestinations.D.Itprovidesthefreedomtoexploreless-traveledareas.3.Howmuchwouldaround-tripflightbetweenCuscoandLimacost?A.$127USD. B.$254USD. C.$381USD. D.$508USD.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种游历秘鲁的交通方式。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“TakingabusisthebestandeasiestwaytogetaroundPeru.(乘坐公共汽车是游览秘鲁最好也是最简单的方式)”可知，公共汽车被认为最适合在秘鲁旅行。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Ifyouhaveabiggerbudgetandwanttogooffthebeatenpath,thenrentingacarinPeruisafantasticoption,asitgivesyoufreedom.(如果你有更多的预算，想要与众不同，那么在秘鲁租车是一个很好的选择，因为它给了你自由)”可知，在秘鲁租车的主要好处是提供了探索人迹罕至地区的自由。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Expecttopayaround$127USDforaone-wayflightbetweenCuscoandLima!(预计库斯科和利马之间的单程航班费用约为127美元！)”可知，库斯科到利马的往返机票要127+127=254美元。故选B。BTheCaliforniaAvocado(鳄梨)FestivalisoneofthemostexpectedandbelovedeventsontheCaliforniacoast,celebratingthestate’slivelyavocadoindustry.HeldannuallyinCarpinteria,thefestivaldrawstensofthousandsofvisitorseachyeartoenjoyafun-filledweekend.Fromdeliciousavocado-inspireddishestolivemusic,cookingdemonstrations,andartsandcrafts,thefestivalprovidessomethingforeveryone.TherootsoftheCaliforniaAvocadoFestivaldatebackto1986,whenasmallgroupoflocalresidentsdecidedtohostaneventthatwouldhonortheregion’srichagriculturalheritageandtheroleavocadosplayedinthearea’seconomy.California,hometomorethan90%ofthenation’savocadoproduction,istheepicenteroftheavocadoindustryintheU.S.,withCarpinteriabeingoneofthetopavocado-growingregions.Thefestivalwascreatedasawaytocelebratethefarmers,theland,andtheincredibleversatility(多样性)oftheavocadofruit.Overtheyears,thefestivalhasgrownsignificantly,becomingoneofthelargestfree-admissionfestivals’inCalifornia.Itisnowathree-dayeventheldeveryOctober,anditcontinuestoattractavocadoenthusiasts,families,andtouristsfromacrossthecountry.Thefestival’smainhighlightisthewidearrayofavocado-baseddishesthatareofferedatover100foodbooths.Fromavocadotoasttomoreinventivetreatslikeavocadoicecream,andevenavocadococktails,thefestivalshowcasesthefruit’sincrediblefoodflexibility.Inadditiontothefood,theCaliforniaAvocadoFestivalfeatureslivemusicperformancesonmultiplestages,withadiverseline-upofbandsandmusiciansspanningvariousgenres.Thefestivalalsoincludescookingdemonstrationswherechefssharetheirbestavocadorecipesandtipsforincorporatingthefruitintoeverydaymeals.Forthoselookingforsomefriendlycompetitions,therearefuneventsliketheGuacamoleContest,wherelocalchefsandenthusiastscompetetocreatethebestguacamole(鳄梨酱),andtheAvocadoPitSpittingContest,aplayfulandhumoroustraditionthatalwaysdrawsacrowd.4.WhichaspectoftheCaliforniaAvocadoFestivalisemphasizedinthefirstparagraph?A.Thevarietyofactivitiesofferedatthefestival.B.TheeconomicimpactoftheavocadoindustryinCalifornia.C.ThehistoricalsignificanceofavocadofarminginCarpinteria.D.Thefestival’sinfluenceonnationalavocadoconsumptiontrends.5.WhywastheCaliforniaAvocadoFestivalcreated?A.ToincreasetourisminCarpinteria.B.Topromotetheuseofavocadosineverydaycooking.C.Toprovideaplatformforlocalmusiciansandperformers.D.Tocelebratetheregion’sagriculturalheritageandtheavocadoindustry.6.WhatcanpeopledoattheCaliforniaAvocadoFestival?A.Haveathree-dayvacation.B.Visitavocado-lovingfamilies.C.Attendexperts’lecturesaboutavocados.D.Enjoyawidevarietyofavocado-baseddishes.7.WhatcanwelearnaboutAvocadoPitSpittingContest?A.Itisacontestaboutmakingdishes.B.Itisastageformusicperformances.C.Itisafuneventthatbringsinalargeaudience.D.Itisacompetitionbetweenchefsandenthusiasts.【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是加州鳄梨节的起源、发展及其丰富多彩的活动，展现了这一节日如何庆祝当地农业遗产和鳄梨产业的独特魅力。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据首段中的“Fromdeliciousavocado-inspireddishestolivemusic,cookingdemonstrations,andartsandcrafts,thefestivalprovidessomethingforeveryone.(从美味的鳄梨启发的菜肴到现场音乐，烹饪示范，艺术和手工艺，节日为每个人提供了一些东西)”可知，第一段描述了节日提供的一系列活动，强调了节日活动的多样性。故选A项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“TherootsoftheCaliforniaAvocadoFestivaldatebackto1986,whenasmallgroupoflocalresidentsdecidedtohostaneventthatwouldhonortheregion’srichagriculturalheritageandtheroleavocadosplayedinthearea’seconomy.(加州鳄梨节的起源可以追溯到1986年，当时一小群当地居民决定举办一场活动，以纪念该地区丰富的农业遗产和鳄梨在该地区经济中的作用)”可知，创建这个节日是为了纪念该地区丰富的农业传统以及鳄梨在地方经济中的作用。故选D项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thefestival’smainhighlightisthewidearrayofavocado-baseddishesthatareofferedatover100foodbooths.Fromavocadotoasttomoreinventivetreatslikeavocadoicecream,andevenavocadococktails,thefestivalshowcasesthefruit’sincrediblefoodflexibility.(节日的主要亮点是在100多个食品摊位上提供各种各样的鳄梨菜。从鳄梨吐司到更有创意的食物，比如鳄梨冰淇淋，甚至是鳄梨鸡尾酒，这个节日展示了这种水果令人难以置信的食物灵活性)”可知，节日的主要亮点之一就是提供超过100个食品摊位，这些摊位供应着各种各样的鳄梨基底的菜肴。由此可知，加州鳄梨节人们可以享受各种各样的鳄梨菜。故选D项。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Forthoselookingforsomefriendlycompetitions,therearefuneventsliketheGuacamoleContest,wherelocalchefsandenthusiastscompetetocreatethebestguacamole(鳄梨酱),andtheAvocadoPitSpittingContest,aplayfulandhumoroustraditionthatalwaysdrawsacrowd.(对于那些想要一些友好比赛的人来说，这里有一些有趣的活动，比如鳄梨酱大赛（GuacamoleContest），当地的厨师和爱好者们会竞相制作最好的鳄梨酱，还有吐鳄梨核大赛（AvocadoPitspitContest），这是一个有趣幽默的传统，总能吸引一群人)”可知，AvocadoPitSpittingContest是一项有趣的比赛，它总是能吸引大量的观众。故选C项。CInnorthernKenya,underasunnyMayskythatoffersararerespiteduringtheworstrainyseasoninrecentmemory,FaithKipyegonpursuesasingulargoal;“It’shistoryI’mlookingfor,”shesays.Butforthe30-year-oldmiddle-distancesuperstar,successisnolongersimplymeasuredinmedalsandrecords;it’salsoabouttheprofoundjourneyofmotherhoodandherstatusasoneoftrackandfield’sgreatestrolemodels.Havingwonagoldmedalinthe1,500matthe2016RioOlympics,Kipyegon’sreturntothepeakofathleticsafterthebirthofherdaughter,Alyn,in2018,hasbeennothingshortofspectacular.TraininginKaptagat,“alongsidemarathonlegendEliudKipchoge,shepreparesfortheParisOlympicswithunwaveringfocus.Yetherdailyroutineisenrichedandchallengedbythejoysandresponsibilitiesofthemotherhood.“Shechangedmylifeandmymentality,”Kipyegonsaysofherdaughter.“InowrealizethatIhavesomeonewholooksuptomeasarolemodel.”Thisshiftinperspectivehasfueledherdrive,leadinghertoanotherOlympicgold,atthe2020TokyoGames,andthreeworldtitles.In2023,Kipyegonconfirmedherlegacyasoneofthegreatestmiddle-distancerunnersofalltime,breakingthreeworldrecordsacrossthreedifferentdistances(1,500m,1mile,5,000m)inlessthantwomonths—allwhileraisingherdaughter.Kipyegonandastringoftopathletesarecontinuingtoprovethatelitesportandmotherhoodarenotincompatible(不兼容).“Ithinkwemotivateyoungwomentoknowthatyoucangoonmaternity(怀孕)leaveandcomebackstrongerthanbefore,”Kipyegonsuggests.“Theyrealizethatit’snottheendofyourlife,butitcanbethebeginningofyourlife.”8.WhatdoesFaithKipyegonregardasherprimarypursuitinnorthernKenya?A.Tobecomeasuperstar.B.TotrainfortheParisOlympics.C.Tomakehistoryinherathleticcareer.D.Tobecomethemostdecoratedmiddle-distancerunner.9.WhatchangedidKipyegonexperienceafterthebirthofherdaughter?A.Shedecidedtospendlesstimetraining.B.Shegainedanewsenseofresponsibilityasarolemodel.C.Shestruggledtoregainherphysicalfitnessandperformancelevels.D.ShebegantrainingwithadvancedequipmenttoprepareforfutureOlympicevents.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“drive”inParagraph4mean?A.Motivation. B.Car. C.Speed. D.Routine.11.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatmessagedoesFaithKipyegonbelieve?A.Thatmaternityleaveisasetbackforfemaleathletes.B.Thatacareerinathleticsshouldendaftermotherhood.C.Thatgreatathletescanonlyfocusonsportbutnotfamily.D.Thatmotherhoodcanbeasourceofstrengthandmotivationforathletes.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是肯尼亚中长跑明星FaithKipyegon在成为母亲后，如何在照顾女儿的同时追求运动生涯的新历史，并激励女性运动员的故事。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据首段中的“InnorthernKenya,underasunnyMayskythatoffersararerespiteduringtheworstrainyseasoninrecentmemory,FaithKipyegonpursuesasingulargoal;“It’shistoryI’mlookingfor,”shesays.(在肯尼亚北部，五月晴朗的天空为近年来最严重的雨季提供了难得的喘息机会，FaithKipyegon追求着一个单一的目标；她说：“我在寻找历史。”)”可知，Kipyegon明确表示她的目标是创造历史。故选C项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的““Shechangedmylifeandmymentality,”Kipyegonsaysofherdaughter.“InowrealizethatIhavesomeonewholooksuptomeasarolemodel.”(“她改变了我的生活和心态，”Kipyegon谈到她的女儿时说。“我现在意识到，有人把我当作榜样。”)”可知，Kipyegon表示她的女儿改变了她的生活和心态，让她意识到有人仰望她作为榜样，由此可知，她有了新的责任感。故选B项。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线单词前的““Shechangedmylifeandmymentality,”Kipyegonsaysofherdaughter.“InowrealizethatIhavesomeonewholooksuptomeasarolemodel.”(“她改变了我的生活和心态，”Kipyegon谈到她的女儿时说。“我现在意识到，有人把我当作榜样。”)”可知，她的女儿把她看作榜样，让她有了新的责任感，结合下文的“leadinghertoanotherOlympicgold,atthe2020TokyoGames,andthreeworldtitles.(这使她在2020年东京奥运会上获得了另一枚奥运金牌，并获得了三个世界冠军。)”可知，此处指的是这种转变激发了她的动力，让她在东京奥运会上获得了另一枚奥运金牌，并获得了三个世界冠军，所以，划线单词的意思与“动力”意义相近。故选A项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据尾段中的““Ithinkwemotivateyoungwomentoknowthatyoucangoonmaternityleaveandcomebackstrongerthanbefore,”Kipyegonsuggests.“Theyrealizethatit’snottheendofyourlife,butitcanbethebeginningofyourlife.”(“我认为我们鼓励年轻女性知道，你可以休产假，回来后比以前更强壮，”Kipyegon建议。“她们意识到这不是你生命的终结，而是你生命的开始。”)”可知，Kipyegon明确表示，她们激励年轻女性知道可以在产假后回来更强大，并且母亲身份可以是生活的新开端，由此可知，Kipyegon认为为人母可以成为运动员力量和动力的源泉。故选D项。DWhenIstrolledintotheringatthePenningtonDaydogshow’sLook-AlikeContestinsuburbanNewJerseyinthemid-1990s,Ihadalltheconfidenceofayounggirlassuredofvictory.Afterall,mybuffcockerspanielpuppy(可卡犬)hadlong,floppyearsthatperfectlymatchedmywavy,blondbob.Afterwinningthatfirstcontest,SoccerandIcompetedforaboutfouryearsatPenningtonDayinarangeofmatchingoutfits.Ihavenotsucceededatanythingasconsistentlysince.Turnsout,thereisactualsciencetobackupthebeliefthatdogslookliketheirowners.Arecentreviewof15studiesfromaroundtheglobesuggeststhatnotonlypeopleandtheirpetslookandactsimilarly,butthatthesimilaritiesbetweentheirpersonalitiesdeepenovertime.Inmanyofthestudies,scientistsaskedstudyvolunteerstomatchpicturesoftheirdogsandowners,whichtheydidbetterthantheywouldjustbychance.Inonestudy,participantsalsoinferredwhetherdogswerematchedwiththecorrectownersdespiteonlybeingabletoseethedogs’ortheowners’eyes.Anotherstudyfoundthatwomenoftenhadhairofasimilarlengthtothedogs’ears—muchlikemyspaniel-likebobandbangs.Sowhatgives?Expertssuspectpeoplechoosedogsthatlooklikethemorreflecttheminsomeway—orperhaps,subconsciously,asinmycase,lookabitlikeadoggyversionoftheirchild.Thereviewalsoshowedthatdogsandownershavesimilarpersonalityfeatures,andthattheirtemperaments(性情)appearedtogrowmorealike.Thestudyoffersdifferenttheoriesforwhy,includingthatownersmaybedrawntodogsthatarelikethemtobeginwith,andastheyagetogether,thetwospeciesmayregulateeachother’semotions,reinforceeachother’sbehavior,orlearntogether.“Itreflectsthewaywealsolookforourpartners,”saysstudyleaderYanaBender,adoctoralresearcherintheDogStudiesResearchGroupattheMaxPlanckInstituteofGeoanthropologyinGermany.Dogsandtheirownersshare“averycloserelationshipwhichiscomparabletomanyhumanrelationships”.12.Whichofthefollowingbestcapturesthetoneoftheauthorwhenreflectingonherexperienceatthedogshow?A.Cautious. B.Proud. C.Regretful. D.Indifferent.13.Whatistheprimaryfocusoftherecentreviewof15studies?A.Thewaysdogsandownerscommunicatewitheachother.B.Thedifferencesbetweendogsandtheirowners’personalities.C.Howsimilarthepersonalitiesofdogsandownersbecomeovertime.D.Howdogsandownerschooseeachotherbasedonphysicalfeatures.14.Whatisthepossiblereasonwhypeoplechoosedogsthatlooklikethem?A.Theychoosedogsbasedonbreedpopularity.B.Theyareattractedtodogswithuniquepersonalities.C.Theymayunconsciouslyselectdogsthatmirrortheirappearance.D.Theywantdogswithcompletelydifferentcharacteristicsandbodytypes.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Howtochooseanidealpetdog—here’sanexample.B.Dogsandtheirownersreallydolookalike—here’swhy.C.HowtowintheDogShowCompetition—here’sthesecret.D.Petsandtheirownersbecomefriendsovertime—here’stheproof.【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是作者与她的可卡犬在新泽西州彭宁顿日狗展的相似装扮比赛中的经历，及对人狗外貌和性格相似性的科学探讨。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据首段“WhenIstrolledintotheringatthePenningtonDaydogshow’sLook-AlikeContestinsuburbanNewJerseyinthemid-1990s,Ihadalltheconfidenceofayounggirlassuredofvictory.(上世纪90年代中期，当我漫步走进在新泽西州郊区举行的彭宁顿日犬大赛的赛场时，我充满了自信，就像一个确信自己会获胜的小女孩。)”以及第二段中的“Afterall,mybuffcockerspanielpuppy(可卡犬)hadlong,floppyearsthatperfectlymatchedmywavy,blondbob.Afterwinningthatfirstcontest,SoccerandIcompetedforaboutfouryearsatPenningtonDayinarangeofmatchingoutfits.(毕竟，我那只浅黄色的可卡犬长着又长又软的耳朵，和我那波浪状的金色波波头非常相配。赢得第一场比赛后，我和Soccer在彭宁顿日比赛了大约四年，穿着一系列配套的服装。)”可知，作者对赢得比赛充满信心，并强调了她和她的狗在外表上的完美的匹配以及她们穿着匹配的服装参赛，由此可推断，“自豪”可以反应作者在狗展上的经历。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Arecentreviewof15studiesfromaroundtheglobesuggeststhatnotonlypeopleandtheirpetslookandactsimilarly,butthatthesimilaritiesbetweentheirpersonalitiesdeepenovertime.(最近对全球15项研究的综述表明，不仅人类和他们的宠物看起来和行为相似，而且他们性格之间的相似之处也随着时间的推移而加深。)”可知，综述强调的是随着时间推移，狗和主人之间的性格相似性会加深。故选C项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Expertssuspectpeoplechoosedogsthatlooklikethemorreflecttheminsomeway—orperhaps,subconsciously,asinmycase,lookabitlikeadoggyversionoftheirchild.(专家怀疑，人们会选择像自己或在某种程度上反映自己的狗——或者可能是潜意识地，就像我一样，看起来有点像他们孩子的狗狗版本。)”可知，人们可能是无意识地选择了那些在外表上反映自己形象的狗。故选C项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中的“Turnsout,thereisactualsciencetobackupthebeliefthatdogslookliketheirowners.Arecentreviewof15studiesfromaroundtheglobesuggeststhatnotonlypeopleandtheirpetslookandactsimilarly,butthatthesimilaritiesbetweentheirpersonalitiesdeepenovertime.(事实证明，有实际的科学支持狗长得像主人的观点。最近对全球15项研究的回顾表明，不仅人类和他们的宠物看起来和行为相似，而且他们性格之间的相似之处也随着时间的推移而加深。)”以及下文介绍的几个关于狗与主人长相相似度的研究可知，本文主要讨论了科学研究表明狗和主人之间存在外观上的相似性以及这种相似性的潜在原因，所以题目“狗和它们的主人真的长得很像——原因如下。”与本文的内容吻合，且概括了文章的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoReduceYourWasteDuringtheHolidaySeasonFromgroceriestodecorativeitemsandpresents,peoplebuymanythingsduringtheholidays.____16____Itcanalsocreateextracleaningtimeandincreaseenvironmentalconcerns.Tothataccord,youcancelebratespecialoccasionsinaneco-friendlymannerbyreducingthethingsyouthrowaway.Hereareseveralwaystellingyouhowtoreduceyourholidaywaste.CarryReusableBagsYou’llshopseveraltimesduringtheholidaystogetyourlovedonesgiftsandbuygroceriesfortheholidaymeal.Remembertobringreusablebagstoholdalltheitemsyoubuy.____17____Thisway,youcanminimizethewasteyoubringhomeandsavetheenvironmentfromtheharmfulimpactsofplasticpollution.ReuseDecorationsDecorativeitemscontributetoconsiderablewasteduringtheholidayseason,butusingmaterialsyoualreadyhaveathomecanhelpsolvethisproblem.Bydoingabitofresearch,youcanturnwinebottlesintostunningcandleholdersormakeyourownwreathsusingdriedflowersandleaves.____18____RecycleDeliveryBoxes____19____.Thepackagingthatcomeswiththemcanadduptotrash.Whatcanyoudo?Recycledeliveryboxesintostorage.Largeboxesareespeciallyhandyforstoringleftoverholidaysupplies,suchasdecorationsandwinteroutfits,forthenextyear.Makesuretostoretheminadryplace,aswatercandamageitemssuchasfireworksorstringlights.Areyouthinkingofpurchasingnewdecorations?Withlightcleaning,lastyear’swreaths,garlands,andstarscouldlookbrandnew.Bymakingwastereductionaholidaygoal,youcanrethinkyourspendingdecisionsandgetcreativeintransformingreusableitems.____20____A.Allyouneediscreativity.B.Delicatedecorationsarenottheonlyoption.C.Preparingforholidaymealsresultsinwaste.D.However,everyitemyoupurchasecancontributetowaste.E.Onlineshoppingisalsoatasky-highrateduringtheholidays.F.Declinepolitelyifthecashierasksyoutoplaceyourpurchasesinaplasticbag.G.Minimizingtrashduringholidayshasadvantagesforyourwalletandtheenvironment.【答案】16.D17.F18.A19.E20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是如何在节日季减少浪费的方法和策略。【16题详析】根据空前的“Fromgroceriestodecorativeitemsandpresents,peoplebuymanythingsduringtheholidays.(从杂货到装饰品和礼物，人们在节日期间买很多东西)”可知，人们在节日期间买很多东西，结合空后的“Itcanalsocreateextracleaningtimeandincreaseenvironmentalconcerns.(它也可能增加额外的清洁时间和增加环境问题)”可知，此处讲述的是购买很多东西造成的问题，D选项“However,everyitemyoupurchasecancontributetowaste.(然而，你买的每件东西都可能造成浪费。=)”讲述的内容与空前为转折关系，且引出浪费问题，起到承上启下的作用。故选D项。【17题详析】根据本段的主题句“CarryReusableBags(携带可重复使用的袋子)”可知，本段建议携带可重复使用的袋子减少浪费，结合空后的“Thisway,youcanminimizethewasteyoubringhomeandsavetheenvironmentfromtheharmfulimpactsofplasticpollution.(这样，你可以减少你带回家的垃圾，保护环境免受塑料污染的有害影响)”可知，此空讲述的是一种减少带回家垃圾的方式，F选项“Declinepolitelyifthecashierasksyoutoplaceyourpurchasesinaplasticbag.(如果收银员让你把买的东西放在塑料袋里，礼貌地拒绝)”讲述的内容与本段主题吻合，且空后是对该选项的进一步解释，告诉读者如何具体地减少塑料袋的使用。故选F项。【18题详析】根据空前的“Bydoingabitofresearch,youcanturnwinebottlesintostunningcandleholdersormakeyourownwreathsusingdriedflowersandleaves.(通过做一些研究，你可以把酒瓶变成漂亮的烛台，或者用干花和叶子制作自己的花环)”可知，此处讲述的是将一些变废为宝的做法，这需要一些创造力，A选项“Allyouneediscreativity.(你所需要的只是创造力。”讲述的内容与空前内容相关，且对空前内容做出总结，符合语境。故选A项。【19题详析】根据本段的主题句“RecycleDeliveryBoxes(再利用快递盒子)”可知，本段讲述的内容与快递盒子相关，结合空后的“Thepackagingthatcomeswiththemcanadduptotrash.(它们附带的包装会堆积成垃圾)”可知，此处指的的包装会堆积成垃圾，由此可推断，此空讲述的内容应与包装的来源与快递相关，E选项“Onlineshoppingisalsoatasky-highrateduringtheholidays.(节日期间，网上购物也以极高的速度增长)”引入了关于网购的话题，为接下来讨论回收快递盒子提供了背景信息，符合语境。故选E项。【20题详析】分析篇章结构可知，此处应对全文进行总结，结合空前的“Bymakingwastereductionaholidaygoal,youcanrethinkyourspendingdecisionsandgetcreativeintransformingreusableitems.(通过把减少浪费作为假期目标，你可以重新考虑你的消费决定，并创造性地改造可重复使用的物品)”可知，通过把减少浪费作为假期目标会带来好处，G选项“Minimizingtrashduringholidayshasadvantagesforyourwalletandtheenvironment.(假期尽量减少垃圾对你的钱包和环境都有好处)”讲述的内容承接空前的内容，总结了减少节日垃圾的好处，不仅对环境有好处，也能节省开支，符合语境。故选G项。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。InthebustlingcityofBangalore,India,therewasayoungwomannamedPriyawhohadanaturaltalentforcoding.Shewasa____21____,butherjourneytosuccesswasfarfromstraightforward.Priyacamefromapoorbackground,andherfamilycouldnot____22____acomputerortheInternet,whichareessentialtoolsforabuddingprogrammer.Despitetheseobstacles,Priyawas____23____tofollowherpassion.Shewouldspendhoursatthelocallibrary,usingtheiroutdated____24____tolearnprogramminglanguagesanddevelopherskills.Herdedicationdidnotgo____25____;thelibrarian,anex-softwareengineerhimself,tookPriyaunderhiswingandmentored(指导)her.Oneday,Priya____26____ahighlyregardedcodingcompetitionthatcouldearnherafullscholarshiptoatopuniversity.Shesawthisasher____27____outofpovertyandachancetoproveherworthonaglobalstage.However,thecompetitionrequired____28____tosubmittheirprojectsonline,whichmeantsheneededareliablecomputer.Withthehelpofhermentorandagroupof____29____friends,Priyamanagedtosecurealaptopandaspotatalocalco-workingspacewithInternet_____30_____.Shespenteverywakingmoment_____31_____herproject,aninnovativeappthatcouldhelpfarmerspredictcropyieldsbasedonweatherdata.Thedayofthecompetitionarrived,andPriyasubmittedherapp.Thecompetitionwas_____32_____,withentriesfromtalentedcodersaroundtheworld.ButPriya’sappstoodoutforitsingenuity(独创力)andpotentialimpacton_____33_____.Toherdelightand_____34_____,Priyawonthecompetitionandthescholarship.Hervictorywasnotjustapersonalsuccessbutalsoavictoryforalltheunderprivilegedstudentswhofaced_____35_____inpursuingtheirdreams.21.A.worker B.genius C.stranger D.assistant22.A.appreciate B.afford C.plays D.assess23.A.upset B.confused C.relaxed D.determined24.A.telephones B.vehicles C.notebooks D.computers25.A.unnoticed B.temporary C.popular D.precious26.A.dreamedof B.workedout C.heardabout D.wentthrough27.A.ticket B.creation C.personality D.lesson28.A.girls B.participants C.volunteers D.graduates29.A.modern B.creative C.supportive D.interesting30.A.access B.advertisement C.games D.limitation31.A.booking B.perfecting C.loading D.bridging32.A.fierce B.fun C.expensive D.convenient33.A.education B.training C.weather D.agriculture34.A.regret B.annoyance C.embarrassment D.amazement35.A.fortune B.adjustment C.barriers D.knowledge【答案】21.B22.B23.D24.D25.A26.C27.A28.B29.C30.A31.B32.A33.D34.D35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是印度年轻女性Priya如何克服贫困与资源匮乏，凭借编程天赋和不懈努力，在比赛中胜出并获得奖学金的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是一位天才，但她的成功之路并不平坦。A.worker工人；B.genius天才；C.stranger陌生人；D.assistant助手。根据上文的“therewasayoungwomannamedPriyawhohadanaturaltalentforcoding.”可知，此处指的是她是一位“天才”。故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Priya来自贫困的家庭，她的家庭无法负担一台电脑或互联网，这些都是一个新兴程序员必不可少的工具。A.appreciate欣赏；B.afford负担得起；C.plays玩；D.assess评估。根据上文的“Priyacamefromapoorbackground”可知，她来自贫困家庭，所以此处指的是不能“负担得起”电脑或互联网。故选B项。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临这些障碍，Priya还是决心追随自己的激情。A.upset沮丧的；B.confused困惑的；C.relaxed放松的；D.determined下定决心的。根据上文的“Despitetheseobstacles”可知，Priya面临着很多的障碍，结合下文的“tofollowherpassion.”可知，此处表示她仍然“下定决心”追随自己的激情。故选D项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她会在当地图书馆花费数小时，使用那些过时的电脑学习编程语言并发展她的技能。A.telephones电话；B.vehicles车辆；C.notebooks笔记本（书写用）；D.computers电脑。根据上文的“herfamilycouldnot________acomputerortheInternet,whichareessentialtoolsforabuddingprogrammer.”可知，她家支付不起电脑或网路的费用，但这些是必需的，所以此处指的是使用过时的“电脑”学习编程语言。故选D项。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的努力没有被忽视；图书馆管理员，他自己曾经是一名软件工程师，认定了Priya，并指导她。A.unnoticed被忽视的；B.temporary临时的；C.popular受欢迎的；D.precious珍贵的。根据下文的“thelibrarian,anex-softwareengineerhimself,tookPriyaunderhiswingandmentored(指导)her.”可知，有一位图书管理员指导Priya，由此可知，此处指的是她的努力没有“被忽视的”。故选A项。【26题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，Priya听说了一项备受推崇的编程竞赛，这场比赛可以让她赢得全额奖学金进入顶尖大学。A.dreamedof梦想；B.workedout解决；C.heardabout听说；D.wentthrough经历。根据下文的“ahighlyregardedcodingcompetitionthatcouldearnherafullscholarshiptoatopuniversity.”可知，有一项备受推崇的编程竞赛，可以让她赢得全额奖学金进入顶尖大学，所以此处指的是“听说”符合语境。故选C项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她认为这是她摆脱贫困的门票和在全球舞台上证明自己价值的机会。A.ticket门票；B.creation创造物；C.personality个性；D.lesson课程。根据下文的“andachancetoproveherworthonaglobalstage.”可知，她觉得这是一个在全球舞台上证明自己的机会，此空与“机会”为并列关系，所以指的是摆脱贫困的“门票”符合语境。故选A项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，比赛要求参与者在线提交他们的项目，这意味着她需要一台可靠的电脑。A.girls女孩；B.participants参与者；C.volunteers志愿者；D.graduates毕业生。根据上文的“Shesawthisasher________outofpovertyandachancetoproveherworthonaglobalstage.”可知，她把这次比赛看作是摆脱贫困的门票和在全球舞台上证明自己价值的机会，所以她要参加比赛，结合下文“tosubmittheirprojectsonline”可知，此处指的是比赛要求“参与者”在线提交他们的项目。故选B项。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她导师和一群给予帮助的朋友的帮助下，Priya设法获得了一台笔记本电脑和在当地共享工作空间的一个位置，那里有互联网接入。A.modern现代的；B.creative有创造力的；C.supportive给予帮助的；D.interesting有趣的。根据上文的“Withthehelpofhermentor”和下文的“Priyamanagedtosecurealaptopandaspotatalocalco-workingspacewithInternet________.”可知，在人们的帮助下，她成功获得一台笔记本电脑和在当地共享工作空间的一个位置，由此可推断，此处指的是“给予帮助的”符合语境。故选C项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她导师和一群给予帮助的朋友的帮助下，Priya设法获得了一台笔记本电脑和在当地共享工作空间的一个位置，那里有互联网接入。A.access接入，访问权限；B.advertisement广告；C.games游戏；D.limitation限制。根据上文的“However,thecompetitionrequired________tosubmittheirprojectsonline,whichmeantsheneededareliablecomputer.”可知，比赛要求参与者在线提交项目，由此可知，此处指的是她获得了一台笔记本电脑和在当地共享工作空间的一个位置，那里有互联网接入。故选A项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她几乎把每一刻清醒的时间都用来完善她的项目——一款创新的应用程序，可以帮助农民根据天气数据预测作物产量。A.booking预订；B.perfecting完善；