广东省建文教育集团25届高三1月第一次模拟考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省建文教育集团25届高三1月第一次模拟考试英语试题一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。ATheMuseumofScienceandIndustry(MOSI)TheMuseumofScienceandIndustry,commonlyreferredtoasMOSI,enjoysareputationfordistinctioninTampa,Florida.Sincetheinceptionofthe1980s,MOSIhasservedasaconfluencewhereindividualsofdiverseagegroupscanimmersethemselvesintherealmsoftechnologicaladvancementsandscientificdiscoveries.Theinstitutionboastsanarrayofexhibits,andpriortodeparting,onemayperuseitsgiftshoptoprocuremementosfortheirkinandacquaintances.AirForceArmament(空军装备)Museum(AFAM)AsingularinstitutioninFloridaistheAirForceArmamentMuseum.ThismuseumissituatedontheEglinAirForceBase,ashortdistancenorthofFortWaltonBeach.Establishedin1975,itstandsasthesolemuseuminthenationthatisentirelydevotedtothesubjectofAirForceArmament.Oneofthemostappealingaspectsofvisitingthismuseumistheabsenceofanadmissionfee!TheFloridaMuseumofNaturalHistory(FMNH)ShouldyoufindyourselfinGainesvilleinsearchofanexemplaryactivity,theFloridaMuseumofNaturalHistorypresentsitselfasanoptimalchoice.ProximitytotheUniversityofFloridaandstatesponsorshipcontributetoitsprominence.Themuseum'scollectionsarenothingshortofastonishing.Givenitsfocusonnaturalhistory,itoffersanengagingandeducationalexperienceforbothadultsandchildren.Admissiontothemuseumiscomplimentaryforallvisitors.St.AugustinePirate(海盗)&TreasureMuseum(APTM)InSt.Augustine,Florida,liesagrandanddistinctivemuseum.TheSt.AugustinePirate&TreasureMuseumdelvesintothemaritimehistoryofpirates.InitiallylocatedinKeyWest,itrelocatedtoSt.Augustinein2010.Asyoutraversetheexhibits,youaretransportedbackintime,spanningoverthreecenturies,toPortRoyal,Jamaica.Asignificantportionofthemuseum'sdisplaysoriginatesfromthatera.1.WhatcanyoudoforyourfamilywhilevisitingMOSI?A.Takesomepictures. B.Buysomegifts.C.Choosesomeexhibits. D.Recordwhatyousee.2.WhatdoAFAMandFMNHhaveincommon?A.Theyarerunbythestate. B.Theyaresetupinthe1970s.C.Theyarefreeforvisitors. D.Theyshownaturalhistory.3.Wherewillyougoifyouareinterestedinthepirates’history?A.TheMuseumofScienceandIndustry.B.AirForceArmamentMuseum.C.TheFloridaMuseumofNaturalHistory.D.St.AugustinePirateTreasureMuseum.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了佛罗里达州几个著名的博物馆。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“TheMuseumofScienceandIndustry,commonlyreferredtoasMOSI…onemayperuseitsgiftshoptoprocuremementosfortheirkinandacquaintances.(科学与工业博物馆，通常简称为MOSI……人们可以浏览其礼品店，为亲朋好友采购纪念品。)”可知，在参观MOSI时，可以为家人买一些礼物。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章AirForceArmament(空军装备)Museum(AFAM)部分的“Oneofthemostappealingaspectsofvisitingthismuseumistheabsenceofanadmissionfee.(参观这个博物馆最吸引人的地方之一就是不需要门票。)”和文章TheFloridaMuseumofNaturalHistory(FMNH)部分的“Admissiontothemuseumiscomplimentaryforallvisitors.(博物馆对所有游客免费开放。)”可知，AFAM和FMNH的共同之处是它们对游客免费。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“TheSt.AugustinePirate&TreasureMuseumdelvesintothemaritimehistoryofpirates.(圣奥古斯丁海盗与珍宝博物馆深入探讨了海盗的海上历史。)”可知，如果对海盗历史感兴趣，可以去圣奥古斯丁海盗珍宝博物馆。故选D。BRyanisayoungindividualofcommendablecharacter,consistentlyachievingstellaracademicresults,demonstratingproficiencyinthesportoflacrosse,andenjoyingwidespreadadmiration.Consequently,JenniferandherspouseperceivednoevidentreasontowithholdanInstagramaccountfromtheirson,whowasinthesixthgrade,untilRyanpostedanimageofhimselfgraspinganemptybeerbottlethathisfatherhadjustdrained.“MyhusbandobservedthephotographmaterializeonRyan’sprofileandpromptlyascendedthestairs,insistingthatheremoveitwithoutdelay,”Jennifernarrates.“Isurmisethatmysondidnotgrasptheseverityoftheimpressionhispictureconveyed.Hewasendeavoringtobehumorous,yetheisstillinthesixthgrade!Evenifhewassimplyposing,thatimagewasexceedinglyinappropriate.”Withtheburgeoningpopularityofthephoto-sharingplatformInstagram,itisnotuncommonforparentstocultivateamisplacedsenseofsecurity.UnlikeFacebookorTwitter,whichencompassamoreextensivearrayofcontent,Instagramispredominantlydedicatedtothepostingofimages.Coupledwiththeagerequirementof13anditsprivacysettings,itappearstobeanalmostinnocuoussiteforchildren.Howmuchmischiefcouldtheyconceivablycause?However,thisisnottheactuality.Surprisingly,someyoungstersareresortingtopayingforattentiononsocialmedia.WhenPaulaPryordetectedanenigmaticchargeof$700onhercreditcard,thelastthingsheanticipatedwasthatitwasapaymenttoacompanythatfacilitatedtheacquisitionof“likes”forInstagramphotographs.“MysonHaydenbelieveditwasmerelytendollars,butitwastendollarsper‘like’,”Pryorelucidates.Often,thecauseforconcernisnotone'sownadolescent—it’ssomeoneelse’schild.MeganKosterwasperplexedastowhyherdaughterDelaneysuddenlybecamesoapprehensiveaboutwhetherherpantylinewasdiscerniblethroughherjeans.Eventually,DelaneydisclosedthatshewasworriedsomeonemightcaptureaphotographandpostitonInstagram.“Idon'tthinkIwouldhavesurvivedmiddleschoolifwebsiteslikethishadexistedbackthen,”Kosterlaments.4.WhatmadeJenniferthinkhersonRyancouldhaveanInstagramaccount？A.Hegainedpopularityinschool.B.HewasskilledatusingInstagram.C.Heshowedinterestintakingphotos.D.Hewasoldenoughandbehavedwell.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph2referto？A.Instagramaccounts. B.Socialmedia.C.Pictures. D.Children.6.WhydidPryor’ssonpaythecompany＄700？A.Toobtainthepictureheliked.B.Topayattentiontosocialmedia.C.Togethisphotosnoticedandliked.D.Topaythechargeonhiscreditcard.7.What’sthetextmainlyabout？A.Teen'sproblemswithInstagram.B.Inappropriatepicturesfromchildren.C.TheinfluenceoftheInternetonyoungusers.D.ConcernsfortheInternetsecurityforchildren.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.A【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了青少年使用Instagram时出现的问题，如发布不恰当图片、购买关注等。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Ryanisayoungindividualofcommendablecharacter,consistentlyachievingstellaracademicresults,demonstratingproficiencyinthesportoflacrosse,andenjoyingwidespreadadmiration.Consequently,JenniferandherspouseperceivednoevidentreasontowithholdanInstagramaccountfromtheirson,whowasinthesixthgrade,untilRyanpostedanimageofhimselfgraspinganemptybeerbottlethathisfatherhadjustdrained.(Ryan是一个值得称赞的年轻人，一直取得优异的学业成绩，在长曲棍球运动中表现出熟练，并广受赞赏。因此，Jennifer和她的丈夫觉得没有明显的理由不让他们上六年级的儿子使用Instagram账号，直到Ryan发了一张自己拿着父亲刚喝干的空啤酒瓶的照片。)”可知，Jennifer认为Ryan表现良好，因此允许他拥有Instagram账户，故选D项。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据上文的句子“UnlikeFacebookorTwitter,whichencompassamoreextensivearrayofcontent,Instagramispredominantlydedicatedtothepostingofimages.Coupledwiththeagerequirementof13anditsprivacysettings,itappearstobeanalmostinnocuoussiteforchildren.(Facebook和Twitter的内容范围更广，而Instagram主要致力于发布图片。再加上13岁的年龄要求和它的隐私设置，它似乎是一个对儿童几乎无害的网站。)”可知，Instagram似乎是一个对儿童几乎无害的网站。再结合划线单词所在的句子“Howmuchmischiefcouldtheyconceivablycause?(他们能造成多大的伤害？)”可知，they指的是Instagram网站上的账户。故选A项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Surprisingly,someyoungstersareresortingtopayingforattentiononsocialmedia.WhenPaulaPryordetectedanenigmaticchargeof$700onhercreditcard,thelastthingsheanticipatedwasthatitwasapaymenttoacompanythatfacilitatedtheacquisitionof"likes"forInstagramphotographs.“MysonHaydenbelieveditwasmerelytendollars,butitwastendollarsper‘like’,”Pryorelucidates.(令人惊讶的是，一些年轻人正在求助于社交媒体来吸引关注。当PaulaPryor发现自己的信用卡上有一笔神秘的700美元支出时，她万万没想到的是，这是一笔支付给一家帮助Instagram照片获得“赞”的公司的款项。普赖尔解释说：“我儿子Hayden以为只要10美元，但实际上每个‘赞’都要10美元。”)”可知，Pryor的儿子支付700美元是为了让他的照片获得关注和点赞。故选C项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了青少年使用Instagram时出现的问题，如发布不恰当图片、购买关注等。所以，A项“Teen’sproblemswithInstagram.(青少年与Instagram的问题。)”可以概况本文的主要内容。故选A。CThisyearhasbroughtsomeexcitingdevelopmentsinthefieldofspaceexploration.Thenewspacecraft“Starship,”developedthroughacollaborationbetweenSpaceXandNASA,successfullylaunchedandreturnedtoEarthinSeptember.Thisachievementmarksasignificantstepforwardinhumanity’sjourneyintospace.Spaceexplorationhaslongbeenadreamforhumanity,asitnotonlyexpandsourhorizonsbutalsohasthepotentialtounlocknewresourcesandknowledge.Thevastnessofspaceofferscountlessopportunitiesforscientificdiscoveryandtechnologicaladvancement.Forinstance,theexplorationofotherplanetsandcelestialbodiescouldleadtobreakthroughsinunderstandingtheoriginsoftheuniverseandthepossibilityoflifebeyondEarth.InJuly,theInternationalSpaceAgency(ISA)fullyapprovedtheuseofadvancedpropulsionsystemsforfuturemissions.Thistechnologyisdesignedto“increasethespeedandefficiencyofspacecraft,allowingthemtotravelfartherandfasterthaneverbefore,”accordingtospaceexpertDr.EmilyJohnson.Asaresult,thesesystemscanonlybeeffectiveformissionsthatrequirelong-durationtravel,suchasthosetoMarsortheouterplanets.However,spaceexplorationisnotwithoutitschallenges.AccordingtotheISA’spressrelease,aftera79-weektrialofthenewpropulsionsystems,itwasfoundthatwhiletheycouldenhancethecapabilitiesofspacecraft,theycouldnotyetovercomealltheobstaclesassociatedwithdeepspacetravel,suchasradiationexposureandthepsychologicalimpactonastronauts.Whattheyofferisawayforspacemissionstoachievemoreambitiousgoalsandpushtheboundariesofhumanexploration.AccordingtotheUnitedNationsOfficeforOuterSpaceAffairs,atleast90countriesarecurrentlyinvolvedinspaceactivities,withthenumberofspacemissionsincreasingrapidlyeachyear.Asscientistscontinuetomakeefforts,thereisgrowinghopethattheycanonedaycreateafuturewherespaceexplorationisnotonlyfeasiblebutalsosustainable.8.Whatexcitesspaceenthusiastsaboutrecentdevelopments?A.AcollaborationbetweenSpaceXandNASA. B.Thevastnessofspace.C.Thelaunchofanewspacecraft. D.ThepossibilityoflifebeyondEarth.9.Inwhatwayareadvancedpropulsionsystemseffectiveforspacemissions?A.Theycandetectobstaclesinspace.B.Theycanovercomeallchallengesofdeepspacetravel.C.Theycanbeusedforshort-durationmissions.D.Theycanincreasespeedandefficiencyforlong-durationtravel.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthefutureofspaceexploration?A.Doubtful. B.Uncaring. C.Positive. D.Negative.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AdvancesinSpaceExplorationTechnologyB.ThePromiseofNewSpacecraftforFutureMissionsC.TheChallengesandRewardsofSpaceExplorationD.TheRoleofPropulsionSystemsinSpaceTravel【答案】8.C9.D10.C11.C【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了太空探索的挑战以及其带来的机遇和奖励。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thisyearhasbroughtsomeexcitingdevelopmentsinthefieldofspaceexploration.Thenewspacecraft“Starship,”developedthroughacollaborationbetweenSpaceXandNASA,successfullylaunchedandreturnedtoEarthinSeptember.(今年在太空探索领域取得了一些令人兴奋的进展。由SpaceX和NASA合作开发的新型宇宙飞船“星际飞船”于9月成功发射并返回地球)”可知，太空探索爱好者对新飞船的发射感到兴奋，故选C。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thistechnologyisdesignedto“increasethespeedandefficiencyofspacecraft,allowingthemtotravelfartherandfasterthaneverbefore,”accordingtospaceexpertDr.EmilyJohnson.

Asaresult,thesesystemscanonlybeeffectiveformissionsthatrequirelong-durationtravel,suchasthosetoMarsortheouterplanets.(据太空专家艾米丽·约翰逊博士介绍，这项技术旨在“提高航天器的速度和效率，使它们比以往任何时候都能飞得更远更快”。因此，这些系统只能对需要长时间旅行的任务有效，比如去火星或外行星的任务)”可知，先进的推进系统可以提高长途旅行的速度和效率。故选D。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Asscientistscontinuetomakeefforts,thereisgrowinghopethattheycanonedaycreateafuturewherespaceexplorationisnotonlyfeasiblebutalsosustainable.(随着科学家们的不断努力，人们越来越希望有一天他们能创造一个太空探索不仅可行而且可持续的未来)”可知，作者对太空探索的未来持积极态度，故选C。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Spaceexplorationhaslongbeenadreamforhumanity,asitnotonlyexpandsourhorizonsbutalsohasthepotentialtounlocknewresourcesandknowledge.(太空探索一直是人类的梦想，因为它不仅扩大了我们的视野，而且有可能解锁新的资源和知识)”以及第四段“However,spaceexplorationisnotwithoutitschallenges.(然而，太空探索并非没有挑战)”结合文章主要说明了太空探索的挑战以及其带来的机遇和奖励。可知，C选项“太空探索的挑战与回报”最符合文章标题。故选C。DForyears,musicindustryexpertshavewarnedthattechnologicalchangescouldleadtoashiftinmusicconsumptionpatterns,adeclineinalbumsales,andchallengesfortraditionalrecordlabels.However,there’sasilverlining:InSiliconValley,oneoftheworld‘smajortechhubs,technologicalinnovationmayactuallyenhancethemusicexperience—fornow.A70-yearanalysisofmusiccriticscoresinSiliconValley,combinedwithdataontechnologicaladvancements,showedthatthequalityofmusic—basedonfactorssuchascreativityandproductionvalue—hasimprovedovertime,accordingtoastudy.From1950to2020,researchersexaminedthevariationsinoverallmusicqualityinSiliconValley.Theteam’sstatisticalmodelstestedhowmusicqualitywasrelatedtotechnologicalfactorssuchastheavailabilityofdigitalplatforms,advancementsinsoundengineering,andtheeaseofmusicdistribution.Thehighest-qualitymusicemergedduringperiodsofrapidtechnologicalinnovation,withincreasedaccesstodigitalplatforms,improvedsoundquality,andmoreefficientdistributionmethods.Technologicaladvancementsareexpectedtomaketheseconditionsmoreprevalentintheregion.Forinstance,itispredictedthatby2050,advancementsinartificialintelligencewillrevolutionizemusicproduction,allowingformorecomplexandinnovativecompositions.Digitalplatformshavealsodemocratizedmusicdistribution,enablingindependentartiststoreachwideraudiences.StudyleaderEmilywassurprisedtofindthatincreasedinvestmentinmusictechnologyduringperiodsofeconomicdownturnresultedinhigherqualitymusicforthefollowingyears.“Traditionally,wefocusontheimmediateimpactoftechnologyonmusicproduction.However,theinfrastructurebuiltduringthesetimeshasalastingeffectontheindustry,”saysEmily.Moreinvestmentintechnologymightleadtobetterresourcesandtoolsforartists.“Empoweredartistscreatebettermusic,”saysEmily.12.WhatmaybetheeffectoftechnologicalinnovationonmusicinSiliconValleyinparagraph1?A.Themusicexperienceisenhanced.B.Thecostofmusicproductionishigher.C.Thenumberofrecordlabelsincreases.D.Thequalityofmusicislower.13.What’sthepurposeoftheexampleinparagraph4?A.Tomakeacomparison.B.Toarousereaders'interest.C.Togivearecommendation.D.Toexplaintheauthor'sopinion.14.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theimpactofeconomicconditionsonmusictechnology.B.Thepositiveeffectsofincreasedinvestmentonmusicquality.C.Theimportanceoftraditionalmusicproductionmethods.D.Theroleofindependentartistsinthemusicindustry.15.Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanwereadthistext?A.Science.B.Lifestyle.C.Technology.D.Entertainment.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.D【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述技术创新实际上可能会增强音乐体验.【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“InSiliconValley,oneoftheworld’smajortechhubs,technologicalinnovationmayactuallyenhancethemusicexperience—fornow.(在硅谷这个世界上主要的科技中心之一，技术创新实际上可能会增强音乐体验——就目前而言。)”可知，技术创新对硅谷音乐的影响是音乐体验得到增强。故选A。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Thehighest-qualitymusicemergedduringperiodsofrapidtechnologicalinnovation,withincreasedaccesstodigitalplatforms,improvedsoundquality,andmoreefficientdistributionmethods.Technologicaladvancementsareexpectedtomaketheseconditionsmoreprevalentintheregion.(最高质量的音乐出现在快速的技术创新时期，随着数字平台的增加，音质的提高，以及更有效的发行方法。预计技术进步将使这些情况在该区域更加普遍。)”可知，作者在第四段陈述自己的观点：关于技术创新对音乐质量提升的影响，紧接着用一个例子进行解释。因此第四段的例子是为了解释作者观点。故选D。【14题详析】主旨大意题。根据第五段“StudyleaderEmilywassurprisedtofindthatincreasedinvestmentinmusictechnologyduringperiodsofeconomicdownturnresultedinhigherqualitymusicforthefollowingyears.(研究负责人艾米丽惊讶地发现，在经济低迷时期增加对音乐技术的投资，会在接下来的几年里产生更高质量的音乐。)”可知，本段主要讲述经济衰退时期，增加对音乐技术的投资对音乐质量的提升有积极影响。故选B。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“However,there’sasilverlining:InSiliconValley,oneoftheworld'smajortechhubs,technologicalinnovationmayactuallyenhancethemusicexperience—fornow.(然而，还是有一线希望的：在硅谷这个世界上主要的科技中心之一，技术创新实际上可能会增强音乐体验——就目前而言。)”可知文章开头通过转折的句式提出新的观点，即文章主旨：技术创新对音乐体验会产生促进作用。因此本文主要讨论音乐产业，因此文章来源于娱乐版块。故选D。二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。Inordertorecoverfrommentaldistress,there’sreallynoalternativebuttogetacquaintedwithpsychotherapy.____16____Everyhumanisinpartneurotic(神经质).Aneurosisisanypatternofthinkingorbehaviorthatblocksourpersonalitiesandpotential.____17____.Itshouldbepartofeveryevolvedhuman’smissiontoseektounderstandtheneuroticelementsoftheirownpersonalities.Theenquiry“Andhowareyouneurotic?”shouldnotbetakenasaninsultratherasensiblerequestformoreinformationonourparticularflaws.Theoriginsofmostofourneuroseslieinourchildhoods____18____.Atrauma(创伤)maybecontinuouspettycriticismoremotionalneglect.Somethingqualitiesasatraumabecausethechildisn’tabletomakesenseoftheextremepainandthereforesuffersaseriousblowtoitscommandoftrust,intelligence,andlove.____19____Wherethereisanover-controllingparent,therewillbeachildwithproblemsaroundautonomy(自主权).Wherethereisabelittlingparent,therewillbeachildwithdifficultiesofconfidenceandself-esteem.Everycharacterflawonthesideoftheparentnecessarilyimposesatollonachild.Healingcomesthroughself-awareness.Toimprove,weneedtogetridofthestateofdepressionandrecovercontactwiththeoriginaltrauma.Andinordertodothat,weneedtoacceptthatdoingsowouldbeagoodidea.____20____.Itwon’tbeenoughtoknowthepast,wewillneedtofeelittoo.Wemayhaveapracticalsenseofthecentraldetailsofourchildhoods,butanintellectualgraspwon’tbeenough.Weneedtosincerelyreexperienceratherthanmerelyintellectuallyknowthepasttofreeourselvesfromitshold.Ourneuroseswillweakenordissolveoncethetraumasarefinallyknownand,evenmoreimportantly,felt.A.Parentstendtogiverisetoaneurosis.B.Itscentralideascanbesummarizedasfollows.C.Wehavetoagreethatself-knowledgewillbewhatcansaveus.D.Parentsassisttheirchildreninfiguringoutthedifficulties.E.Traumaleadstodepressionwhichovertimeinspirestheformationofneuroticsymptoms.F.Whatcausesneurosesareintolerablefrustrationsandpainsthatwecanrefertoastraumas.G.Wemaybeneuroticinloveoratwork,inourfriendshipsorinourattitudestocreativityorpolitics.【答案】16.B17.G18.F19.A20.C【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要总结是一些心理治疗的中心思想。【16题详析】根据上文“Inordertorecoverfrommentaldistress,there’sreallynoalternativebuttogetacquaintedwithpsychotherapy.(为了从精神痛苦中恢复过来，除了熟悉心理治疗之外，别无选择)”结合后文总结了心理治疗的特点。可知，本句为过渡句，引出后文心理治疗的中心思想。故B选项“它的中心思想可以概括如下”符合语境，故选B。【17题详析】根据小标题“Everyhumanisinpartneurotic(神经质).(每个人都有一部分神经质)”指出每个人都有一部分神经质；上文“Aneurosisisanypatternofthinkingorbehaviorthatblocksourpersonalitiesandpotential.(神经症是任何阻碍我们个性和潜力的思维或行为模式)”阐述了神经症的概念：任何阻碍我们个性和潜力的思维或行为模式；G选项“我们可能在爱情、工作、友谊、对创造力或政治的态度上都是神经质”承接上文指出，我们可能在某些方面神经质，与小标题阐述意思一致，符合语境。故选G。【18题详析】下文“Atrauma(创伤)maybecontinuouspettycriticismoremotionalneglect.Somethingqualitiesasatraumabecausethechildisn’tabletomakesenseoftheextremepainandthereforesuffersaseriousblowtoitscommandoftrust,intelligence,andlove.(创伤可能是持续的琐碎批评或情感忽视。有些东西被认为是创伤，因为孩子无法理解极端的痛苦，因此对信任、智力和爱的控制受到了严重的打击)”举例具体说明那些事情可能是创伤；由此推测本句与创伤有关，F选项“导致神经症的是无法忍受的挫折和痛苦，我们可以称之为创伤”阐述了什么是创伤，符合语境，F选项中“traumas”对应下文中的“trauma”。故选F。【19题详析】设空处为小标题；根据本段内容“Wherethereisanover-controllingparent,therewillbeachildwithproblemsaroundautonomy(自主权).Wherethereisabelittlingparent,therewillbeachildwithdifficultiesofconfidenceandself-esteem.Everycharacterflawonthesideoftheparentnecessarilyimposesatollonachild.(如果父母控制过度，孩子的自主性就会出现问题。哪里有一个轻视的父母，哪里就会有一个缺乏自信和自尊的孩子。父母性格上的每一个缺陷都必然对孩子造成伤害)”可知，本段的主旨是父母会导致孩子的神经症。故A选项“父母往往会导致神经症”符合语境，故选A。【20题详析】根据小标题“Healingcomesthroughself-awareness.(治愈来自于自我意识。)”以及上文“Toimprove,weneedtogetridofthestateofdepressionandrecovercontactwiththeoriginaltrauma.Andinordertodothat,weneedtoacceptthatdoingsowouldbeagoodidea.(要改善，我们需要摆脱抑郁状态，恢复与原始创伤的接触。为了做到这一点，我们需要接受这样做是一个好主意)”可知，本段主要阐述要治愈或改善状况，必须认识到摆脱抑郁状态，恢复原始创伤是很好的做法；本句为本段最后一句，承接上文，指出需要接受原始创伤，才能拯救自我。故C选项“我们必须承认自我认识将拯救我们”符合语境，选项中的“self-knowledgewillbewhatcansaveus”与小标题“Healingcomesthroughself-awareness.”表达的意思一致。故选C。三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。LondonlifeforCathyHagnerandherthreechildrenissettobepermanent.Their____21____schooldayandherjobasalawyer’sassistantarebusyenough.ButHagneralsohastotakethetwoboystosoccerorhockeyorbasketballwhile____22____offherdaughteratpianolessonsorGirlScoutClub.Often,the____23____familydoesn’tgethomeuntil7pm.Thereisjusttimeforaquicksupperbeforehomework.Intoday’sworld,middleclassAmericanandBritishparents____24____theirchildrenasiftheywerecompetitors____25____forsomefinishingline.Parentstaketheirchildrenfromactivitytoactivitytomaketheirfuture____26____.Itseemsthatraisingageniushasbecomeamore____27____goalthanraisingahappyandwell-balancedchild.____28____aredealingwithworn-outchildrenintheclassroom.It’saveryseriousproblem.Manychildren____29____after-classclubsbynecessity.Butcompetitivepressuresalsocreatea/an______30______ofactivities,which______31______sports,language,musicandmathsclassesforchildrenasyoungasfour.“Thereisanewparentingtrendunderwaywhichsaysyouhaveto______32______allyourchild’spotentialatayoungage,otherwisetheywillbe______33______,”saysTerryApter,anexpertonchildproblems.“Itisn’tentirely______34______:therehavealwaysbeenpushyparents.Butwhatwasseenasstrangebehaviorbeforeisnowwell______35______.21.A.half B.full C.meaningful D.relaxing22.A.seeing B.sending C.dropping D.taking23.A.exhausted B.loving C.energetic D.nuclear24.A.assess B.encourage C.remind D.treat25.A.hoping B.racing C.calling D.caring26.A.challenging B.exciting C.promising D.inviting27.A.realistic B.specific C.difficult D.important28.A.Doctors B.Parents C.Headmasters D.Teachers29.A.start B.attend C.skip D.prefer30.A.lack B.establishment C.explosion D.business31.A.practice B.enjoy C.teach D.include32.A.unlock B.fulfill C.show D.record33.A.letdown B.pushedoff C.laughedat D.takenover34.A.new B.out-dated C.wrong D.right35.A.respected B.done C.accepted D.managed【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.C27.D28.D29.B30.C31.D32.A33.A34.A35.C【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在当今世界，美国和英国的中产阶级父母在孩子很小的时候就挖掘他们所有的潜力，让他们]参加各种课外活动，为了使他们能有更美好的未来，这给孩子的身心造成了极大的负担。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们一整天的学校生活和她作为律师助理的工作经够忙了。A.half一半的；B.full完全的；完整的；C.meaningful有意义的；D.relaxing放松的。根据空后“schooldayandherjobasalawyer’sassistantarebusyenough.”可知，一家人的生活每天都很忙碌，由此可推断出，孩子们要上一整天的学，fullschoolday意为“一整天的学校生活”，符合语境。故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但Hagner还得带两个男孩去踢足球、打冰球或打篮球，同时送女儿去上钢琴课或去女童子军俱乐部。A.seeing看见；B.sending寄；发送；C.dropping落下；降低；D.taking拿；接受。根据空后“offherdaughteratpianolessonsorGirlScoutClub.”可知此处指的是Hagner开车送女儿去上钢琴课或去女童子军俱乐部，dropsboff“让某人下车”，固定搭配。故选C项。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常，筋疲力尽的家人直到晚上7点才回家。在做作业之前，只有时间快速吃顿晚饭。A.exhausted疲惫的；B.loving有爱心的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.nuclear原子核的。根据上文“Their_______schooldayandherjobasalawyer’sassistantarebusyenough.ButHagneralsohastotakethetwoboystosoccerorhockeyorbasketballwhile_______offherdaughteratpianolessonsorGirlScoutClub.”以及空后“familydoesn’tgethomeuntil7pm.Thereisjusttimeforaquicksupperbeforehomework.”可知Hagner一家非常忙碌，所以可以推测每天晚上到家时肯定已经是精疲力尽了，故选A项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在当今世界，美国和英国的中产阶级父母对待他们的孩子就好像他们是为终点线赛跑的竞争者。A.assess评估；B.encourage鼓励；C.remind提醒；D.treat对待。根据空后“theirchildrenasiftheywerecompetitors_______forsomefinishingline.”可知此处指的是美国和英国的中产阶级父母就爱你给自己的孩子当作为终点线赛跑的竞争者，treatsbas…“把某人当做……”，故选D项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在当今世界，美国和英国的中产阶级父母对待他们的孩子就好像他们是为终点线赛跑的竞争者。A.hoping希望；B.racing比赛；竞赛；快速移动；C.calling打电话；喊叫；D.caring关心。根据空前“Intoday’sworld,middleclassAmericanandBritishparents________theirchildrenasiftheywerecompetitors”以及空后“forsomefinishingline.”可知此处指的是美国和英国的中产阶级父母对待他们的孩子就好像他们是为终点线赛跑的竞争者，racefor“为了获得某个目标或奖项而进行竞争”，故选B项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：父母带着他们的孩子从一个活动到另一个活动，让他们的未来更有前途。A.challenging有挑战性的；B.exciting令人兴奋的；C.promising有前途的；有希望的；D.inviting吸引人的。根据后文“Itseemsthatraisingageniushasbecomeamore_______goalthanraisingahappyandwell-balancedchild.”可知家长们带着他们的孩子从一个活动到另一个活动的目的是为了培养一个个天才，即让他们的未来更加有前途。故选C项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：培养一个天才似乎已经成为比培养一个快乐、健康的孩子更重要的目标。A.realistic现实的；B.specific具体的；C.difficult突然的；D.important重要的。根据空前“Itseemsthatraisingageniushasbecomeamore”以及“goalthanraisingahappyandwell-balancedchild.”可知家长们更希望孩子将来成为一个天才而不仅仅是一个快乐、健康的孩子，所以在家长们看来培养一个天才似乎比培养一个快乐、健康的孩子更重要，故选D项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师正在教室里和精疲力尽的孩子们打交道。A.Doctors医生；B.Parents家长；C.Headmasters校长；D.Teachers老师。根据空后“aredealingwithworn-outchildrenintheclassroom.”可知，在教室里和孩子们相外的应该是老师，故选D项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多孩子迫于需要参加课外俱乐部。A.start开始；启动；B.attend参加；出席；C.skip跳；略过；D.prefer较喜欢。根据前文“Parentstaketheirchildrenfromactivitytoactivitytomaketheirfuture________.”以及空后“________aredealingwithworn-outchildrenintheclassroom.It’saveryseriousproblem.”可知孩子们迫于需要参加课外活动。故选B项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但竞争压力也导致了活动的爆炸式增加，其中包括体育、语言、音乐和数学课程，最小的孩子只有四岁。A.lack缺乏；B.establishment建立；C.explosion爆炸；D.business商业；生意。根据空后“ofactivities,which__________sports,language,musicandmathsclassesforchildrenasyoungasfour.”可知竞争压力导致了各式活动的爆炸式增加，故选C项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但竞争压力也导致了活动的爆炸式增加，其中包括体育、语言、音乐和数学课程，最小的孩子只有四岁。A.practice锻炼；练习；B.enjoy喜欢；享受；C.teach教授；D.include包括。根据空后“sports,language.musicand..”可知空处是对空格前“activities”的举例，激增的活动中包括体育、语言、音乐等，include意为“包括”，符合句意。故选D项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：儿童问题专家特里·阿普特(TerryApter)说：“现在有一种新的育儿趋势，认为你必须在孩子很小的时候就释放他们所有的潜力，否则他们会失望的。”A.unlock开锁；解开；释放；B.fulfill实现；C.show表明；展示；D.record记录。根据空后“allyourchild’spotentialatayoungage,otherwisetheywillbe_________,”saysTerryApter,anexpertonchildproblems.”可知新的育儿趋势