2024-2025学年北京平谷区高二（上）期末英语试卷（含答案）

第2页/共10页2025北京平谷高二（上）期末英语注意事项1．本试卷共12页，包括三部分，满分100分。考试时间90分钟。2．在答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级和姓名。3．试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4．在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5．考试结束，请将答题卡交回。第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。BeckySchroederwasonly10yearsoldwhenshecameupwithanideaoftheglowing(发光的)paper(glo-paper).The___1___cametoherwhenshetriedtodoherhomeworkinthecar,whilehermothershoppedforgroceries.Itwasgettingdark,andshecouldn’tseehernotebookverywell.Sheimaginedhowniceitwouldbetohaveapaperthatglowsinthedarkand___2___hertowriteeffortlesslywithoutlight.Mostkidswillstopthat___3___,butBeckytookitastepfurther.Shedecidedtoinventaproductthatwoulddojustthat.Sheresearchedfluorescent(荧光灯)andhowfireflies___4___andeventuallyrememberedseeingglowinthedarktoys,suchasballsandFrisbees.Shestartedresearchinghowtheyworkedandfoundouttheyallusedphosphorescent(发磷光的)paintwhich___5___energywhenalightshinesonitandthenradiatesitasaglowinthedark,afterthelightisswitchedoff.Thenextdayshewentwithherdadtothestoreandreturnedhomewithabucketofphosphorescentpaint.Inthedarkestroom,shespenttheevening___6___withthepaintandapileofpaper.Theglo-paperconsistsofaboard___7___withphosphorescentpaintthatstoreslightwhenexposedtolight.Itthenglowsinthedark.Shesaid,“Youmustfinditvery___8___,becauseonceasheetofpaperisplacedonit,itglowsandyoucanseeyourwritingorreadwithouttheneedforanoutersourceoflight.”The___9___wasahugesuccess.Ithasbeenusedbyphotographersfortheirdarkrooms,emergencymedicalpeopleinambulancesand_____10_____byNASAwhoaskedtouseitwhentheirelectricalsystemswereturneddownforrecharging.1.A.inspiration B.wisdom C.dream D.interest2.A.demands B.forces C.promises D.allows3.A.intention B.imagination C.request D.faith4.A.flewoff B.reflectedoff C.litup D.letout5.A.stores B.gives C.changes D.remains6.A.achieving B.packing C.equipping D.experimenting7.A.mixed B.went C.coated D.connected8.A.different B.magical C.unique D.attractive9.A.invention B.impact C.plan D.project10.A.still B.just C.ever D.even第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Thereareeightspeciesofpangolin(穿山甲)and,sadly,theyareallthreatenedwithextinction.Accordingtodata,apangoliniscaught____11____(illegal)everythreeminutes.Manycountries____12____(take)measurestoprotecttheminrecentyears.Butthatdoesnotstoptheillegaltrade.Ithasincreasedbecauseofgrowingdemand.Theirskinsareusedtomakeleathergoodslikeboots,bagsandbelts.Theirmeat____13____(consider)adelicacyinsomecountries,andtheirscalesareusedintraditionalmedicine.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Ifyoufeelthatthereismoretocopewithasyougetolder,you’renotalone.Butnewresearchsuggeststhatpeople____14____bouncebackbetterfromtoughtimescouldenjoylongerlifespans.Thenewstudy,____15____(publishing)inBMJMentalHealth,showedthatadultswiththehighestlevelsofmentalresilienceinolderagehadthelowestchanceofdying,____16____(cut)theirriskofdeathfromallcausesbyahuge53percent.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。IcomefromKashmir.____17____(seek)abetterjobopportunity,ImovedtoShanghaiin2022.HereinShanghai,peopleleavebicyclesunlocked,bagsunattended,andwalkfreely____18____asecondthoughtabouttheirsafety.Youpickup____19____(delivery)withoutflashingreceipts,andpeopletreatyounotasanoutsiderbutassomeonewhobelongs.Forthefirsttime,Ifelt____20____itwasliketotrustacityitself,lettingitembracemewithoutbeingcautiouslikeIusuallywas.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMoMath,theNationalMuseumofMathematics,isanaward-winningmuseumthathighlightstheroleofmathematicsinclarifyingthepatternsandstructuresallaroundus.Itsdynamicexhibits,galleries,andprogramsaredesignedtostimulateinquiry,sparkcuriosity,andrevealthewondersofmathematics.TheMuseum’sinnovativeexhibitswillengagevisitorsofeveryage,from1to100!MathematicalFunforEveryoneBringexcitingmathexhibitstoyourschool:RequestavisitfromMoMath’stravelingexhibitionMathMidway2Go(MM2GO),asuiteofsixinteractivemathematicsexhibitsavailableforpresentationatawidevarietyofvenues,includingschools,communitycenters,sciencefestivals,andlibraries.Experiencehowhands-onactivitiesattractandengagestudents,highlightingthewonderofmathematics.Learnmoreatmm2go.org.ReinventmathclasswithExpansions,MoMath’sgiftedprogram:Anafter-school,in-personmathprogramdesignedtoengageandchallengethemosttalentedmathstudents,Expansionswillinspirestudentsingrades1—9andbroadentheirmathematicalhorizons.Applyforadmissionatexpansions.momath.org.Forseniorcitizensandmatureadults:InMoMath’s45-minuteSeniorSessions,youwillenjoythediscoveryandchallengesoftheseinteractiveactivitiesledbyMoMath’seducationstaffasyouengagewithacollegialcohortofmatureminds.Registeratseniorsessions.momath.org.Bookyourchild’smath-themedbirthdayparties(andmore!)atMoMath:Hostaone-of-a-kindpartyyou’reyourchild(oryourself)atMoMath!Learnmoreatbirthdays.momath.org.Signupforpersonalmathtutoring:MoMathofferslimitedprivatetutoringforgradesK-12withcertifiededucatorswhohavefar-reachingexperiencesuccessfullyteachingstudentsonlineandintheclassroom.Whetheryourchildneedsassistancewithhomeworkorexampreparation,orthey’reeagertodiscoverthebeautyinmathematicsbeyondthecurriculum,MoMath’sinstructorsarereadytohelp.Formoreinformation,pleaseemailtutoring@.21.Whichofthefollowingisaprogramdesignedforthebrightestmathstudents?A.Expansions. B.SeniorSessions.C.MathMidway2Go. D.Math-themedbirthdayparties.22.Whocanprovideone-on-onemathtutoringatMoMath?A.Retiredmathematicians. B.Collegestudentvolunteers.C.Experiencedandcertifiededucators. D.Anewteacherwithateachingcertificate.23.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toprovidemathtutoringservices.B.Torevealthewondersofmathematics.C.Torecommendamathematicsmuseumforallages.D.Tohighlighttheroleofmathematicsinourdailylives.BWhenIwokefromsurgery,Ireceivedsomeunexpectedandunpleasantnews.MydoctortoldmethatIhadcancer.Thedreaded“Cword!”Questionsandemotionsfloodedme.WasIgoingtolive?Whatwasgoingtohappennext?HowwouldItellmylovedones?WouldIlosemyhair?Fromthenon,everythinghappenedsoquickly.Chemotherapy(化疗)begantwoweekslater.Ilearnedthatondaysfourteenthroughseventeenofmytreatments,myhairwouldstartfallingout.Ihadbeenmarriedforonlysixmonths.Howwouldmyhusbandfeelaboutapale,puffy-facedbaldwifewithscarsandalltheotherdreadedpotentialsideeffectsofmyupcomingjourney?HowwouldIregainthestrength,confidenceandcharmthatattractedhimtome?ShouldIofferhimapass?Afterall,hecertainlydidnotsignupforthis.Iwasterrifiedandfeltpowerlessandalone.HowcouldIregainmybalance?Ratherthanpassivelywatchingmyhairgo,Idecidedtotakecontrol.Onthefourteenthday,Icheckedintoafabulousoceanfronthotel,equippedwithallkindsofwigs(假发)andchampagne.MydaughterandclosestgirlfriendsmetmetherewithscissorsinhandtohaveaHeadShavingParty.Ialwaysloveapartyandthiscertainlywasanoriginaltheme.Truthfully,Icouldnotbeartoseetheshocked,fearfullooksontheirfacesonebyonewhenseeingmebaldforthefirsttime.Instead,Imadethempartofcreatingmy“newlook”.Welaughedandcriedaseachofthemtookturnscuttingandshavingmyhead.Wesharedacloserelationshipthatmostpeoplenevershare.Itwasoneofthemostmemorabledaysofmylife.Standingonthebalconywiththewindonmybaldscalp,Ifeltliberated.InsteadoffeelingweakandinsecureIfeltaninnerbeautyandunstoppablestrengthandcourage!Ichangedthatday.Iexposedmyheadandsoultothem.Irealizedthatnoneofusreallyknowsthefuture,onlythepresentmatters.SoIwon’twastetimeworrying.Imustspenditcelebratingthelove,friendship,andjoythatsurroundme.Ichosetolivefullyeachday,withorwithouthair.24.Fromthequestionsinthefirsttwoparagraphs,wecanlearntheauthorfelt______A.Discouraged. B.Angry C.Amazed. D.Anxious.25.HowdidtheauthorcopewiththeeffectsofChemotherapy?A.Sheoftenworeallkindsofwigs. B.Sheorganizedaspecialpartyhappily.C.Shehadtocutallherhairoffherself. D.Shestayedinahoteltogetthroughthisdifficulttime.26.Whatmadetheauthorregaincourage?A.Hernewlookandinnerbeauty. B.Thehopeofrecoveryfromillness.C.Theencouragementfromherdoctor. D.Herdeterminationtofacerealityactively.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Weonlygetonelife,soliveit. B.Upsanddownsmakeonestrong.C.Nothingisimpossibleforawillingheart. D.Jointeffortisthekeytosolvingproblems.CPlantsproducejuicy,sweetfruitwithseedsinsidesothatbirdsandfruit-eatingmammalsareattractedintotakingabite.Then,theseanimalsflyorroamfarandwideand,oncethey’vedigestedtheirmeal,excrete(排泄)theseedstogetherwiththerestoftheirwaste.Indoingso,thesehungryanimalshelpplants,whichcan’tmove,totravelandspreadtheirseedsacrossawiderrange.Thisisatthebaseofhowhundredsofecosystemsworkandhasbeensincethedawnoftime.However,agrowingbodyofresearchisstartingtosuggestthatmammalsandbirdsarefarfromtheonlyonesshapinghowseedstravelandspreadplantlifetonewpartsoftheworld.Tinyinsectsandinvertebrates(无脊椎动物)playacrucialrole,too.Antsareperhapsthemostwell-knownseed-spreadinginsects.Theyspreadseedsfromparticularplants.Theantscarrytheseedtotheirnest,eatandthrowawaytheseed,eitherbycarryingittothesurfaceorplacingitintorubbishpilesdeepunderground,accordingtoProfEllenSimms,abiologistattheUniversityofCalifornia.Otherinsectsarethoughttohelpspreadseedsbyexcretingthem,likemammalsandbirds.Forexample,centimetre-longwoodliceeatthesmallfruitsofanAsianplant.Then,theyexcreteover30percentofthedust-likeseedsstillwholeenoughtotakerootinthesoilandgrow,accordingtoresearchpublishedinthejournalPeople,Plants,Planetearlierthisyear.Thesetinyinvertebratessetanewrecordforthesmallestandlightestanimalstoparticipateinseedspreadafterintake.Similarly,Japanesecamelcrickets(灶马蟋)eatandexcretetheseedsofaleafyAsianshrub,accordingtoanewstudypublishedlastmonth.Theplant,foundalongmoist,shadedforests,hassmallandroundedfruitscontainingthousandsoftinyseeds.Oncethefruitsfalltotheground,thecricketschewforcefullyandthenexcretepelletswithmorethan78percentoftheseedswholeandreadytogrow.Thisisthefirstevidenceofinsectsactingasseed-spreadersforalight-harvesting,greenplantsinregionswhereland-dwellingmammalsarealsopresenttodothejob.Thischallengesthelong-heldideathatthespreadofseedsbyinsectsisaspecialcase—theirrolemaybemuchmorewidespreadandecologicallyimportantthanpreviouslyunderstood.28.Theauthormentionsantsandotherinsectsto______.A.explainhowtheyhelpspreadseedsB.contrastwithotheranimalsinspreadingseedsC.introduceseveraltinyinsectsandinvertebratesD.highlighttheecologicalimportanceofthesespecificinsects29.Whatillustrativemethoddoestheauthoruseinthispassage?A.Examplesandresearchfindings. B.Directstatementwithoutevidence.C.Personalopinionsandexperiences. D.Comparativeanalysisofdifferenttheories.30.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Thereshouldbelessresearchintoseedspreadbyinsects.B.Insectsplayalessimportantrolethanmammalsandbirds.C.Insectsaremorewidespreadinseed-spreadthanwerealize.D.Land-dwellingmammalsaremoreeffectivethaninsectsatspreadingseeds.DOneoftheprimarybenefitsofAIchatbotsinmentalhealthcareistheirenhancedaccessibilityandabilitytoprovideimmediatesupport.Traditionalmentalhealthservicesoftenrequireappointments,whichcaninvolvelongwaitingperiods.Incontrast,AIchatbotsarealwaysonstandby24/7,offeringinstantsupportregardlessofthetimeorlocation.Thisconstantavailabilitycanbeespeciallybeneficialduringmomentsofcrisis,providinguserswithimmediateassistanceandresources.AIchatbotsalsohaveaglobalreach,makingmentalhealthsupportaccessibletoindividualsinremoteorunderservedareas.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization,thereisasignificantshortageofmentalhealthprofessionals,particularlyinlow-andmiddle-incomecountries.AIchatbotscanhelpbridgethisgapbyofferingsupporttothosewithoutaccesstomentalhealthcare.Mentalhealthdiscreditremainsasignificantbarriertoseekinghelp.Manyindividualsavoidreachingouttomentalhealthprofessionalsduetofearofjudgmentorembarrassment.AIchatbotsofferaprivateandanonymous(匿名的)spaceforuserstoexpresstheirfeelingsandthoughtswithoutfearofjudgment.Thisanonymitycanencouragemoreindividualstoseekhelpandengageinconversationsabouttheirmentalhealth,potentiallyleadingtoearlierinterventionandbetteroutcomes.Researchsupportstheconceptthatanonymityprovidedbychatbotscanreducediscredit.AstudybySmithandAndersonfoundthatindividualsaremorelikelytodiscussprivateissueswhentheyfeeltheiridentityisprotected.Thiscanbeparticularlyimportantforvulnerablepopulationswhomaybehesitanttoseekhelpfromhumantherapistsduetosocialorculturaldiscredit.Despitetheiradvantages;Alchatbotshavenotablelimitations,particularlytheirabilitytoprovidedelicateemotionalsupport.Mentalhealthissuesarecomplexanddeeplypersonal,oftenrequiringalevelofempathyandunderstandingthatAIcurrentlycannotcopy.Whilechatbotscanofferessentialsupportandinformation,theylacktheemotionalintelligencetofullygrasptheuser’sdelicateemotionsandexperiences.Thiscanresultinresponsesthatmayseemgenericorinappropriate,failingtoeffectivelymeettheuser’sneeds.Privacyanddatasecurityconcernsareanothersignificantchallenge.Userssharesensitiveandpersonalinformationwiththeseapplications,andthereisalwaysariskthatthisdatacouldbehacked.Dataleaksormisuseofinformationcouldhavesevereconsequencesforusers,potentiallyworseningtheirmentalhealthissues.Lastly,thereisariskthatindividualsmaybecomeoverlyreliantonchatbotsfortheirmentalhealthneeds,potentiallyneglectingtheimportanceofseekingprofessionalhelp.Chatbotsarenotequippedtodiagnoseortreatseverementalhealthconditions,andrelyingonlyonthemcouldleadtomisseddiagnosesandinadequatetreatment.31.WhatmakesAIchatbotsdifferentfromtraditionalmentalhealthservices?A.Theycanoffermoreprofessionaladvice.B.Theyarealwaysavailablefortheirusers.C.Theycanreducediscussingthesensitiveissues.D.Theycontributetothedevelopmentofmentalhealthprofessionals.32.Whatdoestheword“vulnerable”underlinedinParagraph4mostprobablymean?A.High-risk. B.Careful. C.Serious. D.Sensitive.33.Whatcanbeinferredaboutmentalhealthcare?A.AIchatbotscanfullygrasptheuser’semotions.B.Chatbotusersshouldbeconcernedaboutprivacyanddatasecurity.C.Mentalhealthprofessionalswillbereplacedbychatbotsinthefuture.D.Traditionalmentalhealthservicesmakeuserslikelytosharetheirrealfeelings.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheFutureofMentalHealthCare:AIChatbots.B.TraditionalMentalHealthServicesvs.AIChatbots.C.OvercomingMentalHealthDiscreditwithAIChatbots.D.AIChatbotsforMentalHealth:OpportunitiesandLimitations.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Musicisoneofthemostenjoyablehumanexperiences.Musicisanever-presentcompaniontopeople’severydaylives.____35____Welistentomusicandexperienceemotionsintheabsenceofanyeventscausingustofeeljoy,sadness,orexcitement.Overthepastseveraldecades,scholarshaveproposedseveralpurposesthatlisteningtomusicmightfulfill.Thekeyreasonpeoplelistentomusicliesintherewardcenterofthebrain.Listeningtopleasurablemusicactivatesareasoftherewardsystem.Musicalpleasureariseswhenapatternisinterruptedinsomeway.Listenersexperiencestrongemotionswhensomethingunexpectedhappens.____36____About2percentofthegeneralpopulationdon’tfeelthisway.Thisinabilitytogetpleasurespecificallyfrommusichasbeencalledtone-deafness.____37____Musicdistractsourmindsfromtheoutsideworld.Theuseofmusicasbackgroundentertainmentservestogetusintoapositivemoodortobecomemorealert.Musiccanrelaxthebodybecausebrainwavesareabletogowiththerhythmofasong.People’smoodscanreflectwhattheychoosetolistento.Fastorenergeticmusicmaymakepeoplefeelalertandpumped,whileslowmusiccalmsthemdown.Musicisalsooneofthestrongestmeansforarousingfeelingsofnostalgia(怀旧).Listeningtomusicthatwasplayedalotduringasignificantlifeevent(e.g.,afamilycelebration)manyyearsagocantriggeradeeplynostalgicemotionalexperience.____38____Maybewehavejustcometohearaparticularsongassadbecausewehavelearnedtoassociateitwithanexperienceofloss.Peoplecanusemusictoexpresstheiridentityandvaluestoothers.Musichelpsustoshowthatwebelongtoagivensocialgroup.Forexample,listeningtoinnovativemusiccanservetocommunicatethebeliefthatoneiscreativeandunconventional.____39____A.Somusicispartofwhoweare.B.Musicprovidesameansofescape.C.Weusemusictoconnectwithourinnerselves.D.MusiccanserveasaremindertoshowbrainwavesE.Thefeelingisnotthemusic,butinwhatitremindsus.F.Musiccanchangeourmood,emotions,motivation,andmovement.G.However,noteveryoneexperiencesintenseemotionalresponsestomusic.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Salaryisoftenanimportantconsiderationwhenapplyingforandchoosingajob.Peopleoftenweightheirfinancialneedsagainstjobsthatmightfulfilltheirpassionsindifferentindustries.Learningaboutthesetwofactorstoconsiderwhenpursuingacareercanhelpyoudecideifonemightbemoreimportantforyourprofessionalandpersonallife.Asignificantbenefitofahigh-payingjobisthatyou’lllikelyhavemoremoneyforthingsyouwantandneed.Becauseemployersmaydistributecompensationdifferently,youmayhavemoreorlessmoneyatcertaintimesoftheyear.Still,ajobthatpayswellcanhelpyouaffordnecessitieslikehouseandcarpayments,foodandutilitybills.Asidefrompayingforusualwantsandneeds,ajobwithahighsalarycanprovideyouwithextramonetarysecurityincaseofemergencies.Ifyouhaveextraincomefromahigh-payingjob,youcanputitintoasavingsaccountthatcanhelpcoversurpriseexpenses,likeamovetoanewhomeoranewbaby.Youmightalsogetadditionalbenefits,likeapensionorretirementaccount,thatcanprepareyouforasecurefuture.Incontrast,choosingajobyou’repassionateaboutcanincreaseyourproductivity.Thisbenefitsbothyouandyouremployer,asyoumaybemorelikelytogetmoreworkdoneinashorteramountoftimeandgeneratepositiveoutcomeswhiledoingsomethingyouenjoy.Increasedproductivitycanhelpyougetpromotionsandnewknowledgeopportunitiesthatmaypromoteyourcareergrowth.Peoplewhoworkjobstheylovearelikelytohaveagreatersenseofcontentmentandfulfillment.Sincepeoplespendmuchoftheirlivesatwork,somemayfinditessentialtofeelsatisfactionfromtheresponsibilitiesoftheirrolebecauseitmakesthemfeelgoodaboutwhattheydoandhowtheyaffectothers.Thistypeofhappinesscanincreaseoverallwell-beingandencourageapersontostayintheirjobforalongtime.Ifyou’reconsideringajobthatpayswellinsteadoftheoneyoulove,thinkabouthowmuchtimeyou’llhavetoenjoytheexpendableincomeyoumightreceive.Ifyouwanttochooseajobforwhichyou’repassionate,considerhowmuchmoneyyou’llhavetodothingsinyourfreetime.40.Whatfactorsdopeopleoftenconsiderwhenlookingforajob?_________________________________________________________________________41.Howwillincreasedproductivityhelpyou?_________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Peoplecanexperiencehappinessbecausetheyspendmuchoftheirlivesatwork._________________________________________________________________________43.Apartfromthefactorsmentionedinthepassage,whatelsewillyoutakeintoconsiderationwhenlooking