山东省济宁市高三上学期期末考试英语试题

2023—2024学年度第一学期高三质量检测英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThere’salmostalwayssomethingspecialhappeningatDisneylandinsouthernCalifornia.Here’swhatguestsshouldknowaboutvisitingDisneylandfor2024.●EventsLunarNewYearCelebrationMushu,acharacterfromDisney’sanimatedfilmMulan,willhelpguideintheYearoftheDragonbyleadingMulan’sLunarNewYearProcession.Visitors,especiallychildren,candressupascharactersfromMulantojoinit.Dates:Jan.23—Feb.18PixarFestItisbackwithanewdaytimeparade(游行):APixarPalsCelebration!NewcharacterslikeRedPandaMeifromTurningRedwillarriveintheparks.Diningoptionswillbeavailable,allowingguestsabiteofPixarthemedtreatsatanewlyopenedcafe.Dates:Feb.26—Aug.4FantasylandMelodiesTheheadlinersforthisyear’sconcertsareMarvinSappandTashaCobbsLeonard.TheawardwinningmusicianswillbejoinedbylocalmunitychoirsatDisneyland’sFantasylandTheatre.Musicalworkshopshighlightingvarioustypesofmusicwillbeafeastforears.Dates:Feb.17—Apr.24SeasonoftheForceNewadventureswilltakeguestsonathrillingjourneythroughspacetravelaboardaspacecraft.Visitorswillviewthepark’sfireworksandhearspecialgalacticmusic.Buyinglimitededitionsouvenirsenablesfanstotakeapieceofspacebackhomewiththem.Dates:Apr.5—Sep.21.Whicheventappealstofoodiesmost?A.LunarNewYearCelebration.BPixarFest.C.FantasylandMelodies.D.SeasonoftheForce.2.WhatdoFantasylandMelodiesandSeasonoftheForcehaveinmon?A.Theysellraresouvenirs.B.Theyhavefireworkshows.C.Theyfeaturecartoonheroes.D.Theyincludemusicalelements.3.Whatistheminimumcostforacouplewitha5yearoldtopayavisitonFeb.28?A.$208.B.$264.C.$288.D.$312.BWhenSusanMurabanawasacollegestudentvolunteeringwithCosmosEducation,anonprofitaimedatimprovingsciencelearningindevelopingcountries,shelookedthroughatelescopefortheveryfirsttime.Suddenly,Saturn(土星)anditsyellowgoldringsweremorethanjustanillustrationinatextbook;theywererealandtheexperiencewaspowerful.WhiletravelingwiththeorganizationtoschoolsandvillagesinherhomecountryofKenya,andhelpingteachyoungchildren,sherealizedshewantedchildreninKenya,especiallygirls,tobeasexposedtoastronomyaschildreninthedevelopedcountrieswere.In2014,MurabanaandherhusbandDanielOwensetupthesocialenterpriseTravellingTelescope,aneducationalprogramdesignedforyoungchildreninunderservedandremotemunities.Withjustatelescopeandamobileinflatableplanetarium(天文馆),theyaimtochangelivesbygivingchildrenachancetoseeSaturn,themoon,andvariousstars,whileteachingthembasicscienceandastrophysics.“There’sasatisfactionyougetfromgoingtoaschool,talkingtothechildren,andseeingtheirreactionandtheiranticipation,”saidMurabana.“A12yearoldboyineasternKenyaeventoldus,‘Iusedtothinkscientistslie,butnowIbelieveinscience.’”Murabanabelievesastronomy,orevensimplytheactoflookingupatthesky,establishesanawarenessoftheneedtoprotectourplanetandhelpschildrenlookatourownplanetmuchmoreobjectively.ThereisalsoamorepersonalmotivationforMurabana’swork—fightingagainsttheperceptionheldbymostKenyansthatastronomyisaWesternscience.Actuallyin2018theKenyaSpaceAgencylauncheditsfirstsatelliteintoorbitfromtheInternationalSpaceStation,andasatellitestationinMalindi,onthecoastofsoutheasternKenya,isusedbytheEuropeanSpaceAgencyforsatellitetracking.Sofar,over400,000peoplehavelookedthroughtheTravellingTelescopeandthepairwanttoexpandtheirimpactbyreachingmoreschools.4.WhenMurabanafirstobservedSaturnthroughatelescope,shefelt______.A.puzzledB.frightenedC.amazedD.relaxed5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioninga12yearoldboy?A.ToillustratetheimpactofMurabana’sproject.B.Tohighlightthesignificanceoftrustingscience.C.Toshowcasehislackofastronomicalknowledge.D.Todemonstratechildren’scuriosityaboutscience.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph5?A.MostKenyanshaveagreatpassionforastronomy.B.Murabana’sworkgotinspiredbyWesternscience.C.Kenyahastakentheleadinsatellitelaunchingandtracking.D.MostKenyansareunawareoftheircountry’sinvolvementinspaceresearch.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BridgingCulturesbyVolunteeringB.AdvertisingTravellingTelescopeWorldwideC.BreakingDownBarriersinScienceEducationD.EmpoweringKenyanYouthThroughAstronomyCMorphobutterfliesaresomeofthemostbeautifulbutterfliesintheworld,thankstotheirshiningbluewings.Now,anewmaterialinspiredbybutterflywingswasdevelopedbyresearchersfromShenzhenUniversityinChina.Thismaterial,atypeofcoloredfilm,canhelpkeeptheobjectsitisattachedtocoolerthanthetemperaturearoundit.Theproblemofcolorandtheabsorptionofheathastroubledscientistsforcenturies.Anyobjectthatcontainscolorwillheatupfaster.Thissomewhatplexissuehasimplicationsforasurprisingnumberofrealworldissues.Inbuildings,largeamountsofenergyareusedforcoolingandrunningtheairconditionerinelectriccarscangreatlyreducethedrivingrange.Inordertocreateamaterialthatcouldavoidtheseissues,Dr.WanlinWangandhisteamlookedtonatureforinspiration,asisoftenthecaseinscienceresearch.Specifically,theylookedattheMorphobutterfly.AccordingtoNewScientist,thewingsofthisbrilliantlybluebutterflyaremadeofnanoparticles(纳米级颗粒)arrangedinaparticularwaythatbendandbouncelightwavestocreatecolorasopposedtoabsorbingthem.Thisallowsthemtokeepcool.Wangandhisteamarenotthefirstteamtocreatematerialsthatallowforpassivecoolingusingthepropertiesoflight;however,theyarethefirsttodosoincolor.Allothermaterialshavebeenwhiteorclear,whilethenewfilmesinbrightblue,yellowandred.Inordertotesttheirnewmaterial,Wangandhisteamplacedsheetsoffilminvariouscolorsoncars,clothing,cellphones,androofs,from9amto4pm,bothinwinterandsummer.Theydiscoveredthatthefilmsweremorethan59∘Fcoolerinthewinterand95∘Fcoolerinthesummer.Theirhopeisthateventuallythistypeoffilmwillbeusedtocoverelectriccars,butintruththepossibilitiesareendless:stainedglasswindowsthatkeepskyscraperscool,selfcoolingcampingtents,coollookingputersthatdon’toverheat,etc.Allofthesemayonedaybearealitythankstothebeautifulmorphobutterfly.8.Whatisstressedinparagraph2?A.Theplexityofcoolingdownbuildings.B.Thenecessityofcreatingnewcoolingmaterials.C.Theprinciplesofcolorandheatabsorption.D.Theapplicationsoftherecentlydevelopedfilm.9.Whatplaysakeyroleinhelpingthemorphobutterflykeepcool?A.Itsuniqueshape.B.Thepropertyoflightwaves.C.Itsbrilliantcolor.D.Thenanostructureofitswings.10.Whatisspecialaboutthenewmaterial?A.Itpioneerspassivecooling. B.Itisacoloredcoolingmaterial.C.Itssizevarieswithtemperature. D.Itscreationisinspiredbynature.11.Whichcanbestdescribetheprospectofthenewmaterial?A.Uncertain.B.DiscouragingC.Promising.D.Risky.DWhenIwasayoungpostdoctoralresearcheratCambridge,Imetabeardedprofessoratafancydinner.Heaskedme,“Soyoungman,whatdoyoudo?”ItoldhimIwasworkingonthegenetics(遗传学)ofchildhoodobesity(肥胖症).“Ha!Doyouknowwhatyourproblemis?”hereplied.“Yougivefatpeopleanexcuse.”Theprofessor’sreplythrewme.Iwasabouttopushback,whenitoccurredtomethatthisviewwassharedbymuchofsociety.Obesityisseenasaproblemofphysics;peoplejustneedtoeatlessandmovemore.Butalthoughhowwegettoourbodyweightisreliantonphysics,therealquestioniswhy?Whydosomepeoplelovefood,whileforothersit’ssimplyfuel?Besidespowerfulsocietalandculturalinfluences,thereareequallypowerfulgeneticfactorsthatinfluenceoureating,andhenceourbodyweight.Largepopulationbasedstudies,suchasUKBiobank,asurveyofnearlyhalfamillionadults,havehelpedtorevealthegeneticarchitectureunderlyingdifferencesinbodysize.Butthechildhoodobesitydatadonotexist.Andthat’saproblem,becauseweknowthatchildrenwithobesityprobablywillgrowintoadultswithobesity.Thus,understandingthegeneticsandnaturalhistoryofchildhoodobesitywillplayakeyroleinitstreatmentandprevention.Luckily,thereishope.DCYPHR,ageneticsresearchprogramme,isopentoeverychild.Itaimstocreateatrulyinclusiveresearchsampleandinvestigatearangeofconditions,forwhichobesityisamajorcontributingfactor.DCYPHRisambitiousandwillfacechallengesincreatingatrulyinclusiveresearchsample.Butifitdoes,itwillcircumventmanyoftheproblemsinadulthealthresearchbybuildinginclusivityinfromthebeginning.YoucanhelppioneernewtreatmentsformillionsofpeoplebyhelpingunlockthepowerhidinginyourDNA.Now,anationwidemovementforages0—15isbeingheldandallyouneedtodoisspit(吐)inatubeandpleteashorthealthandlifestylequestionnaire.12.What’sthetonecarriedintheprofessor’sreply?A.Dismissive.B.Sympathetic.C.Delighted.D.Admiring13.Whatisalimitationofthepreviousstudiesonobesity?A.Limitedsizeofparticipants. B.Inaccuratesampleanalysis.C.Lackofdataonchildhoodobesity. D.Failuretomapadults’geneticcode.14.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“circumvent”inparagraph4?A.Discuss.B.Face.C.Avoid.D.Create.15Whatdoestheauthorwanttodointhelastparagraph?A.Tocallforaction.B.Todrawaconclusion.C.Tosumupthetext.D.Tocriticizemisconduct.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。LeaveNoTraceCampingForthoseofuswholovespendingtimeinthegreatoutdoors,wildspacesareveryspecial.Theseareplaceswevisittorecharge,ortofillourheartswithnaturalbeauty.___16___Ifyoufeelthisway,thenyou’retheperfectpersontopromoteandpracticeLeaveNoTracecamping.Itsprinciplesaretotreatthewildernessthewayadecentvisitorwouldandleaveeverythingjustasyoufoundit,withnoevidencethatyoupassedthrough.___17___That’sbecauseyourvisitmakesaminimalimpactontheenvironment.Youcancarryouttheseidealsinanumberofways.Beginbypackingoutallyourlitter.Wheneveryougocamping,takeanemptytrashbagwithyouandputallgarbageintothebag.Inaddition,trynottodamagevegetation.___18___Whereveryougo,thinkaboutwhatyourheavyshoesorbootsaredoingtotheplantsunderneathandtrytokeepdamagetoaminimum.It’salsoimportantthatyoushouldnottakethingsawayfromthewilderness.Rocks,plants,flowersandseashellsareallpartofthenaturallandscape.___19___Plus,manyanimalsfindhomesandfoodinabandonedshellsandflowerheads,andthesearethingstheywouldmissifyoucollectedthem.LeaveNoTracecampingisaboutbeingrespectfulandthoughtful.It’sabouthonoringthenaturalworldandthecreaturesthatliveinit.Ifyouloveseeinganuntouchedmountainstreamoralovelyfieldofwildflowers,thenyou’vealreadytakenthefirststep.___20___A.Thismeansnotsteppingintoawildanimal’sspace.B.Thisisalsocalled“lowimpact”or“noimpact”camping.C.Oncetakenaway,theywon’tbethereforotherstoenjoy.D.Anincreasingnumberofpeopletakeupcampinginthewilderness.E.Whenyouputupyourtent,trytofindaplacethat’salreadybareofplants.F.Wehatetoseethemlitteredwithrubbishoranyremindersofpreviousvisitors.G.FollowthesebasicpracticesandyoucanbemodelsoftheLeaveNoTracephilosophy.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。BillSumielwashavingatoughFriday.The71yearold,whowasdealingwithkidney(肾)failure,___21___himselfatamedicalfacilityforthesecondtimein24hours.Hewasonthe___22___list,butnomatcheshadyetappeared.Soheproceededwithhistreatments.SumieltookanUbertoandfromhis___23___thatday.TimothyLetts,anUberdriver,wasdrivingnorthwhenhisphone___24___therequestforSumiel’sridehome.Astheysetoutonthedrive,thepairgotto___25___.Sumielmentionedthatinthepasthe’denjoyedvolunteeringathismunitybuthecouldhardly___26___itthesedays,becausethemedicaltreatmentslefthimexhausted.ThenSumielrevealedthathewassearchingforakidney___27___.ImpressedbySumiel’spositiveenergy,Lettssaid,“I’dliketoseeifIcouldbea___28___.”Sumielwasshocked.Hewasshakingsohardthathecould___29___writehisnamewhentheyexchangedcontactinformation.However,aftertheinitial___30___,Sumielstartedfeelingabitlessoptimistic.Hewas___31___byLetts’soffer,buthecouldn’thelpwonderingifithadjustbeenanemotionalmoment.WouldhehearfromLetts?Andwhatwasthe___32___thatthey’dbeamatch?ButLettswastruetohis___33___.HegotintouchwithSumieljustafewhourslater,andbythenextweek,Lettshadcontactedthekidneytransplantprogram.Afteramonth’sscreeningprocess,theresultswerein:Lettswasa(n)___34___donor.SoonSumielandLettshadtheirsurgeriessuccessfully.Sumielis___35___withintensegratitude.“Afterall”hesays,“livingdonorsarespecialpeople.”21.A.imagined B.found C.volunteered D.introduced22.A.experiment B.petition C.transplant D.remendation23.A.shift B.research C.pany D.appointment24.A.received B.blocked C.leaked D.stored25.A.bargaining B.chatting C.joking D.plaining26.Astickat B.relyon C.putupwith D.breakawayfrom27.A.project B.report C.donor D.expert28.A.match B.fort C.partner D.sponsor29.A.neatly B.barely C.simply D.possibly30.A.hesitation B.guilt C.excitement D.doubt31.A.bothered B.confused C.embarrassed D.touched32A.likelihood B.explanation C.criterion D.proof33.A.duty B.word C.dream D.status34.A.honest B.selfless C.extra D.ideal35.A.burdened B.concerned C.consumed D.blessed第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheYellowRiverNo.1TouristHighway,builtin2018inShanxiprovince,wasdesigned___36___(string)togetherscenicspotsalongtheriver.Visitorscanbothenjoyovernightacmodationsinuniquecavedwellings(窑洞),withaspecialchancetosleepona“Kang”—afortableclayandbrickbedheatedfromwithin___37___tastedeliciousfarmtotablecuisinewhileexperiencingthebeautyoftheYellowRiver.Thankstothisinitiative,Laoniuwanvillage,anintersection___38___theGreatWallmeetstheYellowRiver,hasbeentransformedintoapopulartouristdestination.ThevillagerGuoJianhua’shostelhaswitnessedaboomingbusiness,withover100touristsstayinganddiningathisestablishment,___39___(generate)adailyineofapproximately3,000yuan.“Previously,I___40___(register)bythelocalauthorityasfinanciallydisadvantaged.However,Iwasabletoestablishthishostelwiththe___41___(assist)ofpovertyalleviationloans.Injustafewyears,Ihavenotonlyoverepovertybutalsogotmyqualityoflifesignificantly___42___(improve),”Guosaid.Meanwhile,newbusinessesarealsoemerging.SinceitsopeninginSeptemberlastyear,theZhangjiawanrecreationalvehiclecamplocatedalongthehighway___43___(wele)morethan10,000vehicles,withnearly10percentofthembeingRVs.“Eventhelocalproductsareselling___44___(well),”Guosaid,owingthissuccess___45___theincreasingnumberoftouristsandtheimprovedtransportationfacilitatedbythetouristexpressway.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是校英文报SchoolWeekly编辑李华。为助力青少年健康成长，倡导绿色阅读，你报拟开展“绿书签行动(GreenBookmarkCampaign)”海报设计征集活动，请你写一篇征集启事。内容包括：1.活动目的；2.作品要求；3.提交方式及日期。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。PostersWanted________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________SchoolWeekly第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ATeacher’sDreamWhenhandballwasintroducedtoSriLankanschoolsin2010,Iwantedtobringittomyschool,StAnthony’s,intheremotevillageofWasalakotteincentralSriLanka.Thisbecameachallengingtaskasthesportsteacherwasunwillingtoinitiateanythingotherthantraditionalsports,suchascricket,rugbyandbasketball.IwasnotasportsteacherandIhadneverplayedhandballbefore.Infact,IwasanEnglishlanguageteacherbeforeassumingmypostasviceprincipal.However,Iwasdeterminedtostartthisgameatanycost.Handballisafascinatinggamewhichbinesspee