四川省2024-2025学年高二上学期12月学情检测英语试题

四川省20242025学年上学期12月学情检测高二英语试卷试卷共8页，67小题，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.考查范围：选择性必修第一册~选择性必修第二册Unit1。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡指定位置上。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthemando?A.Apanymanager.B.Abankclerk.C.Asoftwareprogrammer.2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atthebarber’s.B.Atthegrocer’s.C.Atthetailor’s.3.Howwillthespeakersgototheconcert?A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Onfoot.4.Howmuchdidthemansaveintotal?A.$200.B.$600.C.$800.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Bossandemployee.C.Husbandandwife.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Apainter.B.Abook.C.Apicture.7Whichpaintingdoesthewomanlikebest?A.StarryNight.B.Sunflowers.C.SelfPortraitwithBandagedEar.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhatimpressedSarahmostinParis?A.VisitingtheLouvre.B.WalkingalongtheSeine.C.SeeingtheEiffelTower.9.Whatwastheweatherprobablylikeduringthetrip?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Windy.10.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Havealookatthepictures.B.PayavisittoParisinthefuture.C.GobacktoParissomeday.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatdidthemandofirstwhenhemetMary?A.Checkherdocuments.B.Takehertodropoffluggage.C.Showheraroundthecampus.12.Wherecanthewomangetamap?A.Atthedormitory.B.Attheschoolgate.C.Attheregistrationdesk.13Whatisthewomanmostinterestedin?A.Diningchoices.B.Courseoptions.C.Orientationevents.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatmaybefilmedinthevideosbySelina?A.Howtostartabusiness.B.Howtomakeavideo.C.Howtomakecrafts.15.WhatistheappealofSelina’svideostopeople?A.Thefastpacedlifestyle.B.Theconnectionwithnature.C.Theadvancedfilmingmethod.16.HowdidSelinalearnthetraditionalskills?A.Byattendingatrainingcourse.B.Bylearningfromherparents.C.Byresearchingandpractising.17.WhatwillSelinaprobablydointhefuture?A.Touraroundtheworld.B.OpenanewchannelonTV.C.Engagemorecraftsmentosharetheirskills.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whoarethechangestotrafficlawsmainlyaimedat?A.Bicycleriders.B.Cardrivers.C.Alcoholsellers.19.Whatpunishmentwillthecyclistsgetforusingphonesontheirbikes?A.3weeksinprison.B.6monthsinprison.C.3yearsinprison.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthepolice’sreport?A.Therehasbeenariseintrafficaccidents.B.20bicycleaccidentshappenedlastyear.C.Mosttrafficaccidentsarecausedbytheelderly.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEssaypetitionMakeyouruniversityapplicationstandoutbyenteringthe“YoungLaureatte’sEssaypetition”hostedbyTheCambridgeTutor!Thispetitionnotonlyimprovesyourprofileforuniversityapplications,especiallyappealingtoOxbridgeprospects,butalsosharpensyourwritingandcriticalthinkingskills.Youwillhavetheabilitytoexploreatopicinyoursubjectofinterestandengageinanareaofacademia.Winnerswillgainrecognitionfortheirintellectualtalents,whichisafantasticwaytoimpressuniversityadmissionpanels.Winnerswillalsoreceiveamysteryprize.Chooseanessaytoexplorefromarangeofsubjectsbelow:EconomicsGeographyPhilosophyPsychologyWhoCanEnter?Theessaypetitionisaimedatstudentsbetweentheageof15and19whoarepreuniversity.Rules:●Thereisa1,000wordlimitonallessays.●Allessaysmustbereferenced(thestyleofreferencingisuptothedecisionofthestudent).●WorkmustnotbecopiedorwrittenbyAI.Breakingtherulesabovewillleadtosubmissions(提交)notbeingconsidered.Deadline:Thedeadlineforallessaysis1stAugustat23:59.Theessaypetitionisfreetoenter(unlessthestudentissubmittinganentryafterthedeadline).Ifforanyreasonyoumissthe1stAugustdeadline,youwillhavetopayalateentryfeeof£20andsubmityouressaybefore8thAugustat23:59.Pleasesubmityourlateessaysbyemailingus—thecambridgetutor@hotmail.!Pleasewrite“Essaypetition[YourName]”inthesubjecttitleoftheemail.Failuretodothismayleadtoyoursubmissionnotbeingseen.1.Whatbenefitwillstudentsgetiftheywintheessaypetition?A.Theirreadingskillscanbeimproved. B.TheywillsecureaplaceinCambridge.C.Theywillgetmoneyasawinningprize. D.Theirtalentswillberecognizedbyexperts.2.Whocanparticipateintheessaypetition?A.Anundergraduate. B.Anovelwriter.C.Ahighschoolstudent. D.Aneconomyinstructor.3.WhatifastudentmissesthedeadlineofAugust1st?A.Hewillhavehissubmissionsunseen.B.Hewillbechargedforthelateentry.C.Hewillberefusedtoattendthepetition.D.Hewillbeaskedtoexplainreasonsforlatesubmission.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一项论文比赛活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Winnerswillgainrecognitionfortheirintellectualtalents,whichisafantasticwaytoimpressuniversityadmissionpanels.(获胜者将因其智力才能获得认可，这是给大学招生委员会留下深刻印象的绝佳方式。)”可知，获胜者的才能会得到大学入学专家组的赏识，并给他们留下印象。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据WhoCanEnter部分的描述“Theessaypetitionisaimedatstudentsbetweentheageof15and19whoarepreuniversity.(这个论文竞赛的目标是针对15至19岁的大学预科学生。)”可知，此项比赛是针对还未上大学的15~19岁的学生群体，因此C选项合适。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Deadline部分第一段的描述“Ifforanyreasonyoumissthe1stAugustdeadline,youwillhavetopayalateentryfeeof£20andsubmityouressaybefore8thAugustat23:59.(如果您因任何原因错过了8月1日的截止日期，您将不得不支付20英镑的逾期报名费，并在8月8日晚上23:59之前提交您的论文。)”可知，如果错过截止日期，在8月8日前可以通过缴纳费用继续参加，故选B项。BEnjoyingherfirstevertriptotheUnitedKingdomforthecelebrationoftheGuinnessWorldRecordsDay2024,Rumeysa,theworld’stallestwoman,couldn’twaittoexperienceLondon’suniquevibrancy(活力)andtickoffherbucketlistsomesightseeingspots.InLondon,shehasbeennamedastheGuinnessWorldRecordsICON:anewcategoryofthemostexcellentrecordsintroducedforthebook’s2025edition,tohonorthecreamofthecropofrecordbreakingachievements.OriginallyfromTurkiye,wheresheliveswithherfamily,the27yearold,standingat215.16cm,achievedglobalfamethankstoherrecordbreakingheight:astatusthatisfullymatchedbyherdriveanddeterminedeffortstomaketheworldamoreinclusive,kinderplace.Afterbeingrecognizedasthetallestlivingfemalewhenshewas17,Rumeysawasconfirmedtobethetallestwomanlivingin2021.Shealsoholdstherecordsforthelargesthands,thelongestbackandthelongestearsonawoman.Rumeysa’simpressiveheightisduetoaconditioncalledWeaversyndrome,anextremelyraregeneticconditionthatcausesboneovergrowth.Doctorshaveonlyidentifiedabout50casesofWeaversyndromeworldwide.Rumeysawasthe27thcaseeverdiagnosed,andthefirsteverinTurkiye.Althoughtherecordholderhaschallengedstereotype(刻板印象)allherlifeandfacedhorriblesituation,sheneverallowedhardshipsandnegativitytostopher:assheworksasanambassadorfordiversityandpositivity,herpowerfulvoicecontinuestoinspireandeducatethecrowds.Homeschooled,Rumeysanowdesignsawebsiteandactivelyusestheplatformtoraiseawarenessabouthercondition.4.Whichistheclosestinmeaningto“thecreamofthecrop”underlinedinPara.1?A.Thefirst. B.Thebest. C.Thetallest. D.Thesmallest.5.WhatmadeRumeysaknownworldwide?A.HerjourneytoLondon. B.Hereffortinwork.C.Hermedicalcondition. D.Herimpressiveheight.6.WhatdowelearnaboutRumeysa?A.Shesuffersfromabonedisease. B.Sheexperiencedhardshipsatschool.C.Shecreatesherownwebpage. D.Sheworksasanonlineeducator.7.Whatcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.Rumeysa:TheTallestWoman B.Overgrowth:TheWorstConditionC.Celebration:ANewWorldRecord D.Positivity:ASourceofInspiration【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述世界上最高的女性Rumeysa第一次前往英国伦敦庆祝2024吉尼斯世界纪录日并被命名为“吉尼斯世界纪录ICON”的事件以及她因基因突变遭遇韦弗综合征而从未放弃的故事。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“InLondon,shehasbeennamedastheGuinnessWorldRecordsICON:anewcategoryofthemostexcellentrecordsintroducedforthebook’s2025edition(在伦敦，她被授予了吉尼斯世界纪录ICON的称号：这是为2025年版吉尼斯世界纪录书新引入的一个表彰最杰出记录的类别)”可知，WorldRecordsICON是吉尼斯世界纪录2025版的新增类别，为了致敬打破纪录的最精彩成就，推知thecreamofthecrop应是“精英，最好的部分”之意，和B项意思相近。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“OriginallyfromTurkiye,wheresheliveswithherfamily,the27yearold,standingat215.16cm,achievedglobalfamethankstoherrecordbreakingheight:astatusthatisfullymatchedbyherdriveanddeterminedeffortstomaketheworldamoreinclusive,kinderplace.(现年27岁的她来自土耳其，和家人住在一起，身高215.16厘米，因其破纪录的身高而享誉全球：这一地位与她让世界变得更包容、更友善的动力和决心完全相符)”可知，她变得世界闻名是因为她破纪录的身高。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Homeschooled,Rumeysanowdesignsawebsiteandactivelyusestheplatformtoraiseawarenessabouthercondition.(在家接受教育的Rumeysa现在设计了一个网站，并积极利用这个平台来提高人们对她的病情的认识)”可知，她设计了一个网页，并积极利用自己的网络平台提高人们对她病情的认识。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“EnjoyingherfirstevertriptotheUnitedKingdomforthecelebrationoftheGuinnessWorldRecordsDay2024,Rumeysa,theworld’stallestwoman,couldn’twaittoexperienceLondon’suniquevibrancy(活力)andtickoffherbucketlistsomesightseeingspots.InLondon,shehasbeennamedastheGuinnessWorldRecordsICON:anewcategoryofthemostexcellentrecordsintroducedforthebook’s2025edition,tohonorthecreamofthecropofrecordbreakingachievements.(Rumeysa是世界上最高的女人，首次前往英国参加2024年吉尼斯世界纪录日的庆祝活动，迫不及待地想要体验伦敦独特的活力，并在她的愿望清单上勾选一些观光景点。在伦敦，她被授予了吉尼斯世界纪录ICON的称号：这是为2025年版吉尼斯世界纪录书新引入的一个表彰最杰出记录的类别，旨在表彰那些破纪录成就的精英)”以及通读文章可知，本文讲述世界上最高女性Rumeysa的人物故事，所以A项“Rumeysa：最高的女人”是本文最好的标题。故选A项。CDoyoufeellikeyoualwaysneedtouseGPStogetaround?Neverquitesureifit’saleftorarightturn—eventhoughyoujustlookedatamap?Areyoutiredofoutsourcingyourownbody’ssenseofdirectiontoanapp?Itcanbeanxietyinducing,butresearcherswhostudythistopicbelievethatyoucandosomethingtogainmoreconfidencewhilenavigating.“Letgoofyourfearofgettinglost,beobservantandpracticekeepingasenseofdirectioninyourheadasyoutravel,”saysMaryHegarty,acognitivepsychologistattheSpatialThinkingLabatUniversityofCalifornia.AnoverrelianceonGPScanalsoleadtoanarrowerviewofyoursurroundings,shesays.“You’renotpayingattentiontothebroaderenvironmentthatgivesyoucuesofwhereyouareinspace.”Infact,peoplewhohaveagoodinternalpassmayhaveadeeperconnectiontotheworldaroundthem,saysHugoSpiers,aprofessorofcognitiveneuroscienceatUniversityCollegeLondon.HestudiedthebrainsofLondoncabdrivers,whoarerequiredtomemorizeabout25,000streetnamesinthecityinordertogetthejob.Andhefoundthatoncethecabdriversmasteredthenames,theyhadarealsenseofownershipofthecity—andgreaterpowerovertheirenvironment.IfyouwanttogainconfidenceontheroadorbelessreliantonGPStogetaround,justturnoffyourGPSandgetlostonpurposetoboostyoursenseofdirection.Nexttimeyougoforastrollordrivedownastreet,andyou’renotpressedfortime,trytofindyourwayaroundtown,thenseeifyoucanmakeitbackhomewithoutaGPSfromyourdestination,saysBenGero,anoutdoorrecreationspecialistwithClevelandMetroparks,whohelpskidsfromthecitygetusedtotheoutdoorsandteachesskillslikenavigation.8.Whydidtheauthorraisethequestionsinthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.ToemphasizetheimportanceofGPS.C.Todescribeaphenomenon. D.Toexplaintheconceptofnavigation.9.AccordingtoMaryHegarty,whatshouldyoudowhentraveling?A.GiveupontheuseofGPS. B.Observethenarrowenvironment.C.Takenoticeofyoursurroundings. D.Practicespacethinkinginyourhead.10.What’sthepurposeofmentioningLondoncabdriversinPara.3?A.Toprovecabdrivers’goodmemories.B.ToillustrateHugoSpiers’pointsofview.C.Topresentthesituationofpublictransport.D.Toshowtherequirementsfordrivingacab.11.WhichofthefollowingwouldBenGeromostlikelyagreewith?A.Gettingaroundoutdoorsless.B.Relyingmoreonnavigationsystem.C.Improvingyourownsenseofdirection.D.Usingmemorytrickstorememberplaces.【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明人们对GPS过度依赖的现象以及不同研究者提出的对于导航依赖的看法和建议。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Itcanbeanxietyinducing,butresearcherswhostudythistopicbelievethatyoucandosomethingtogainmoreconfidencewhilenavigating.(这可能会引起焦虑，但研究这一主题的研究人员认为，在导航时，你可以做一些事情来获得更多的信心)”可知，作者通过提问引出人们过度依赖导航的核心话题以及专家对此提出的建议。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“AnoverrelianceonGPScanalsoleadtoanarrowerviewofyoursurroundings,shesays.“You’renotpayingattentiontothebroaderenvironmentthatgivesyoucuesofwhereyouareinspace.”(她表示，过度依赖GPS还可能导致你对周围环境的视野变窄。“你没有注意到更广泛的环境，而这些环境会给你提供你在空间中的位置线索。”)”可知，出行的时候应该关注周围的环境。故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Infact,peoplewhohaveagoodinternalpassmayhaveadeeperconnectiontotheworldaroundthem,saysHugoSpiers,aprofessorofcognitiveneuroscienceatUniversityCollegeLondon.HestudiedthebrainsofLondoncabdrivers,whoarerequiredtomemorizeabout25,000streetnamesinthecityinordertogetthejob.Andhefoundthatoncethecabdriversmasteredthenames,theyhadarealsenseofownershipofthecity—andgreaterpowerovertheirenvironment.(实际上，拥有良好内部指南针(方向感)的人可能与他们周围的世界有着更深的联系，伦敦大学学院的认知神经科学教授雨果·斯皮尔斯说道。他研究了伦敦出租车司机的大脑，这些司机为了得到这份工作，需要记住伦敦大约25,000个街道名称。他发现，一旦出租车司机掌握了这些名称，他们就会对这座城市产生一种真正的归属感，并对自己的环境有了更大的掌控力)”可知，提到伦敦出租车司机是为了例证HugoSpiers“记住街道名称会让人更有城市归属感和掌控感，与周围环境联系更深”的观点。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“IfyouwanttogainconfidenceontheroadorbelessreliantonGPStogetaround,justturnoffyourGPSandgetlostonpurposetoboostyoursenseofdirection.(如果你想在路上更加自信，或者减少对GPS的依赖，那就关掉GPS，故意让自己迷路，以此来增强你的方向感)”可知，BenGero认为可以通过故意迷路的方式提升方向感和自信心。故选C项。DResearchersthinkthey’veobserved“darkoxygen”beingcreatedonthePacificOceanfloorpotentiallychallengingmonlyheldideasabouthowoxygenappearedonEarth.Untilnow,itwasthoughtthatoxygenwascreatedonlythroughphotosynthesis(光合作用),aprocessthatrequiressunlight.Butthediscoverycastsdoubtonthattheoryandraisesnewquestionsabouttheoriginsoflifeitself.Thescientistsaren’tcertainhowoxygeniscreatedatsuchdarkdepths,buttheybelieveit’sbeingproducedbyelectricallychargedmineralscalledpolymetallicnodules(多金属结核).Thesenodules—“effectivebatteriesinarock”,professorSweetmansaid—mayusetheirelectricchargetoseparatehydrogen(氢气)andoxygenfromseawater.“Thetraditionalviewisthatoxygenwasfirstproducedaroundthreebillionyearsagoandtherewasagradualdevelopmentofplexlifeafterthat,”saidSweetman.“Thepotentialthattherewasanothersourcerequiresustohavearethink.”Researchersconductedtestsontheseafloorandalsocollectednodulestotestaboveground,andtheygotthesameresult:thatoxygenlevelsincreasednearthenodules.FranzGeiger,aprofessorwhoworkedonthestudy,saidthattheremaybeenoughpolymetallicnodulesinthePacificOceantomeetglobalenergydemandsfordecades.Buthealsosaidthatminingwouldhavetobeconductedinawaythatdidnotaffectlifeformsinthatpartoftheocean.paniesconductedexploratorymissionsfordeepseamininginthe1970sand1980s,Geigersaid,andrecentresearchsuggeststhatthosemissionsmayhavehadeffectsonsealifeintheareafordecades.“Afewyearsago,ateamofscientistswentbacktothoseareasthatweremined40yearsagoandfoundessentiallynolife,”Geigersaid.“Andthenafewhundredmetersovertotheleftandright,wherethenoduleswereuntouched,thereareplentyoflife.”12.Whatwaschallengedaccordingtothepassage?A.Thewayoxygenisproduced. B.Thetheoryofphotosynthesis.C.Theprocessoflifedevelopment. D.Thebeliefthatoxygeniscrucial.13.Whatconclusiondidtheresearchersdrawfromtheirtests?A.Sunlightisnecessaryincreatingoxygen.B.Seaflooristhebestplacetostoreoxygen.C.Seawaterismadeupofhydrogenandoxygen.D.Polymetallicnodulesmaybethesourceofoxygen.14.WhatmightGeigerthinkofthedeepseamining?A.Itshouldbeforbidden. B.Itisnotworthdoingit.C.Itisbeneficialtothesealife. D.Itshouldbehandledproperly.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Thelifeontheseafloor. B.Darkoxygenwasfound.C.Thesecretofphotosynthesis. D.Polymetallicnodulesmatter.【答案】12.A13.D14.D15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了科学家们在海洋中发现的不通过光合作用而形成的氧气——“暗氧”。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Researchersthinkthey’veobserved‘darkoxygen’beingcreatedonthePacificOceanfloor,potentiallychallengingmonlyheldideasabouthowoxygenappearedonEarth.(研究人员认为，他们观察到太平洋海底正在产生‘暗氧’，这可能挑战了关于氧气如何在地球上出现的普遍观点。)”可知，观察到太平洋海底正在产生“暗氧”，这可能会挑战人们对地球上氧气产生方式的普遍看法。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Thescientistsaren’tcertainhowoxygeniscreatedatsuchdarkdepths,buttheybelieveit’sbeingproducedbyelectricallychargedmineralscalledpolymetallicnodules.(科学家们不确定在如此黑暗的深处氧气是如何产生的，但他们相信它是由一种叫做多金属结核的带电矿物产生的。)”和第五段“Researchersconductedtestsontheseafloorandalsocollectednodulestotestaboveground,andtheygotthesameresult:thatoxygenlevelsincreasednearthenodules.(研究人员在海底进行了测试，并收集了结核进行地面测试，他们得到了相同的结果：结核附近的氧气水平增加了。)”可知，研究人员从测试中得出的结论是多金属结核可能是氧气的来源。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第六段“FranzGeiger,aprofessorwhoworkedonthestudy,saidthattheremaybeenoughpolymetallicnodulesinthePacificOceantomeetglobalenergydemandsfordecades.Buthealsosaidthatminingwouldhavetobeconductedinawaythatdidnotaffectlifeformsinthatpartoftheocean(参与该研究的教授弗兰兹·盖格表示，太平洋中的多金属结核可能足以满足全球数十年的能源需求。但他也指出，开采作业必须以不影响该海域生物的方式进行。)”可推知，盖格认为深海采矿应该被妥善处理。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“Researchersthinkthey’veobserved‘darkoxygen’beingcreatedonthePacificOceanfloor,potentiallychallengingmonlyheldideasabouthowoxygenappearedonEarth.(研究人员认为，他们已观测到太平洋海底正在生成“暗氧”，这可能挑战了关于地球上氧气来源的普遍认知。)”可知，本文主要讲的是研究人员观察到太平洋海底正在产生“暗氧”，所以文章的主旨大意是发现了暗氧。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Itcanbetoughtofindthemotivationtodoanoutdoorworkoutoncewinterstrikeswithlowtemperatures,windchill,rainanddarknights.However,don’tletthecoldweatherpreventyoufromacplishingyourfitnessgoals.___16___.Dressfortheweather.___17___.Windchillscaneasilygothroughthinneritemsofclothes.Ifyourclothesarewetonarainyday,you’llhavenoprotectionfromtheicytemperature.Soitiscrucialtowearawindprooforwaterresistantouterlayer.Protectyourheadandhands.Whileonlyabout10percentofyourbodyheatescapesfromyourhead,asopposedto70percentaspreviouslybelieved,wearingahatincoldweatherisstillimportant.___18___.Chooseapairwithtouchscreenfingerstoavoidfrequentlytakingthemoffandon.Stayhydrated(含水的).Youmayfeellikeyousweatlessincoldweather,butdon’tbefooled.Youstillneedtodrinkup.___19___.Stayhydratedbydrinkingroomtemperaturewaterbefore,duringandafteryourworkout.___20___.“Imaginearubberband...it’sflexible,bendy(易弯曲的)andpullsrightbacktoitsshape.Nowimaginethatsamerubberband,butfrozen.Ifyoutrytopulltoohardbeforeit’sunfrozen,it’llbreaksuddenly,”explainstrainerAshleyWilking.Yourmusclesarelikerubberbands,youneedtograduallywakethemuptopreventinjury.Starttoheatupyourlargemuscleswithlightstretching,jumpingjacksandlungesindoorsbeforeheadingoutside.A.DoactivewarmupsB.ExerciselikeabendyrubberbandC.Followourexperttipstostayfit,warmandmotivatedthiswinterD.YourworkoutwearshouldbesoftandflexibleforyoutostretchandexerciseE.WindchillandrainarekeyelementstoconsiderforoutdoorworkoutsinwinterF.Yourhandsareanotherbodypartthatarelikelytofeelthechill,soglovesareamustG.Losingmuchwaterincreasesyourriskofinjuryandwillslowdownyourperformance【答案】16.C17.E18.F19.G20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了多个冬季户外锻炼的实用建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Itcanbetoughtofindthemotivationtodoanoutdoorworkoutoncewinterstrikeswithlowtemperatures,windchill,rainanddarknights.However,don’tletthecoldweatherpreventyoufromacplishingyourfitnessgoals.(一旦冬天来了，低温、风寒、下雨、黑夜，就很难找到进行户外锻炼的动力。然而，不要让寒冷的天气阻碍你完成健身目标)”可知，空前提到不要让冬季的寒冷天气阻止你完成运动目标。空处应是承上启下的句子，根据后面四个标题所表达的要点可知，本句主要提出冬日保持温暖的建议。故C选项“遵循我们的专家建议，在这个冬天保持健康、温暖和积极”符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】根据“Dressfortheweather(根据天气穿衣服)”这一段的描述，尤其是下文“Soitiscrucialtowearawindprooforwaterresistantouterlayer.(因此，穿上防风或防水的外层是至关重要的)”可知，作者建议户外运动要穿防风和防水的外套，作为本段的段首句，应提出冬季户外运动寒风和雨水是需要考虑的主要因素，故E选项“风寒和雨水是冬季户外锻炼的关键因素”符合语境，故选E。【18题详解】根据本段小标题“Protectyourheadandhands.(保护好你的头和手)”提到要保护头和手，前一句“Whileonlyabout10percentofyourbodyheatescapesfromyourhead,asopposedto70percentaspreviouslybelieved,wearingahatincoldweatherisstillimportant.(虽然只有大约10%的身体热量从头部逸出，而不是之前认为的70%，但在寒冷的天气戴上帽子仍然很重要)”提到戴帽子仍然是重要的，后一句“Chooseapairwithtouchscreenfingerstoavoidfrequentlytakingthemoffandon(选一双可以触屏的手套来避免频繁穿脱)”，此处“apair”与F选项中“gloves”构成指代关系，故F选项“你的手是另一个容易感到寒冷的身体部位，所以手套是必须的”符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】根据本段小标题“Stayhydrated.(保持水分摄入)”可知，本段主要谈论注意补水，上文“Youstillneedtodrinkup.(你仍然需要多喝水)”说到你需要多喝水，下文“Stayhydratedbydrinkingroomtemperaturewaterbefore,duringandafteryourworkout.(在运动前、运动中、运动后都要喝常温的水)”说到在运动前、运动中、运动后都需要喝水，故G选项“失去太多水分会增加你受伤的风险，也会降低你的表现”说明注意补水的原因，符合语境，故选G。【20题详解】根据本段内容““Imaginearubberband...it’sflexible,bendy(易弯曲的)andpullsrightbacktoitsshape.Nowimaginethatsamerubberband,butfrozen.Ifyoutrytopulltoohardbeforeit’sunfrozen,it’llbreaksuddenly,”explainstrainerAshleyWilking.Yourmusclesarelikerubberbands,youneedtograduallywakethemuptopreventinjury.Starttoheatupyourlargemuscleswithlightstretching,jumpingjacksandlungesindoorsbeforeheadingoutside.(“想象一根橡皮筋……它是柔韧的，可弯曲的，可以拉回原来的形状。现在想象一下同样的橡皮筋，但是是冰冻的。如果你在它解冻之前用力拉，它会突然断裂，”教练阿什利·威尔金解释说。你的肌肉就像橡皮筋，你需要逐渐唤醒它们，以防止受伤。出门之前，先在室内做一些轻微的伸展运动、开合跳和箭步跳来热身你的大肌肉)”可知，本段内容将肌肉比作橡皮筋，运动前需要通过一些伸展、跳跃等轻微的运动逐步唤醒肌肉避免伤害，故A选项“做一些积极的热身运动”符合语境，故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ateachercanchangeastudent’slife.However,the___21___isalsotrue.ClaytonGuyisanArizonahistoryteacheratArcadiaHighSchool.Whenhispupils___22___thefactthattheirbelovedteacher’swifeneededlifesavingsurgery,theyquicklyhelped___23___enoughmoneyfortheprocedure.Thestudents’___24___togiveahelpinghandbeganwhentheynoticedachangeinGuy’sbehavior.“Overall,Mr.Guyisoptimistic.”ParkerBond,oneofhisstudents,said.“Wenoticedthathis___25___wasalittlebitlower,andweknewsomethingwas___26___.”Guy___27___thathiswife,Angel,neededopenheartsurgery.Evenwhenhetooktimeofffromwork,hisstudentsreachedoutfor___28___.“WehadtowaituntilMay11forsurgery,andthekidswouldoftenaskhowshe’sdoing.”Guysaid.Tohelptheirteacher___29___thelargemedicalbills,thestudentsaskedforpermissiontolaunchaGoFundMecampaign.“Iwasjust____30____,”saidGuy.“Itkindofmademecry.Theyweresokind.Theydiditallontheirown,withoutbeing____31____byanybodyelse.”Thecampaignalready____32____its$10,000goalwiththehelpof144____33____.ManyofthemwereformerstudentsofGuy.Thesuccessofthecampaignhas____34____themunity.“Wereceivemorekindactsfrompeoplearound,”saidBond.“AteacherlikeMr.Guy,whogavesomuchtous,wasabletoreceivebackbecauseofhis____35____andallhedidforus.”21.A.change B.option C.influence D.opposite22.A.accountedfor B.gotwindof C.wrotedown D.madeuseof23.A.earn B.borrow C.raise D.loan24.A.attempt B.experiment C.lesson D.petition25.A.ine B.mood C.weight D.voice26.A.wrong B.right C.nice D.ugly27.A.mented B.reported C.revealed D.plained28.A.mysteries B.updates C.praises D.methods29.A.understand B.accept C.pile D.afford30.A.disappointed B.embarrassed C.inspired D.moved31.A.examined B.recognized C.encouraged D.agreed32.A.met B.set C.hid D.found33.A.doctors B.donors C.teachers D.candidates34.A.separated B.fired C.united D.recovered35.A.kindness B.honesty C.happiness D.creativity【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.A25.B26.A27.C28.B29.D30.D31.C32.A33.B34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Arcadia高中的历史老师ClaytonGuy的妻子需要做心脏手术，学生们注意到老师情绪的变化后，自发组织捐款活动，帮助老师筹集手术费用，展现了师生间的深厚情谊。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，相反的情况也是真实的。A.change改变；B.option选择；C.influence影响；D.opposite反面。根据前文“Ateachercanchangeastudent’slife.”及后文学生帮助老师筹集手术费用的事迹可知，老师可以改变学生的一生，学生也能改变老师的人生，即相反的情况也是真实的。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当他的学生们得知他们敬爱的老师的妻子需要救命手术时，他们很快帮忙筹集了足够的手术费用。A.accountedfor解释；B.gotwindof得到……的风声；C.wrotedown写下；D.madeuseof利用。根据后文“theirbelovedteacher’swifeneededlifesavingsurgery,theyquicklyhelped3enoughmoneyfortheprocedure.”可知，学生们得知老师的妻子需要手术这件事并给予了帮助。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他的学生们得知他们敬爱的老师的妻子需要救命手术时，他们很快帮忙筹集了足够的手术费用。A.earn赚得；B.borrow借入；C.raise筹集；D.loan借出。根据后文“enoughmoneyfortheprocedure”可知，学生们筹集了手术费用，故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们伸出援手的尝试始于他们注意到Guy老师行为的变化。A.attempt尝试；B.experiment实验；C.lesson课程；D.petition竞争。根据后文“whentheynoticedachangeinGuy’sbehavior”可推知，学生们看到老师的变化，于是尝试伸出援手。故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们注意到他的情绪有点低落，我们知道出事了。A.ine收入；B.mood情绪；C.weight重量；D.voice声音。根据上文“theynoticedachangeinGuy’sbehavior.“Overall,Mr.Guyisoptimistic.”ParkerBond,oneofhisstudents,said.”和后文“alittlebitlower”可知，学生们注意到老师变化，情绪从乐观变得低落。故选B项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们注意到他的情绪有点低落，我们知道出事了。A.wrong有问题的；B.right正确的；C.nice好的；D.ugly丑陋的。根据上文“Wenoticedthathis5wasalittlebitlower”可知，老师情绪低落，所以学生们意识到出事了。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Guy透露，他的妻子Angel需要做开胸手术。A.mented评论；B.reported报道；C.revealed透露；D.plained抱怨。根据后文“hiswife,Angel,neededopenheartsurgery”可知，老师向学生们透露他妻子的病情。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使他请假不去上班，学生们也会询问最新情况。A.mysteries神秘事物；B.updates最新情况；C.praises赞扬；D.methods方法。根据后文“thekidswouldoftenaskhowshe’sdoing”可知，学生们会询问老师妻子的最新情况。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助他们的老师支付巨额医疗费，学生们要求允许发起GoFundMe筹款活动。