2024-2025学年新教材高中英语单元加餐练5UNIT5LANGUAGESAROUNDTHEWORLD含解析新人教版必修第一册

LANGUAGESAROUNDTHEWORLD单元加餐练Ⅰ.阅读理解AstudentislearningtospeakBritishEnglish.Hewonders:CanIcommunicatewithAmericans?Cantheyunderstandme?LearnersofEnglishoftenask:WhatarethedifferencesbetweenBritishandAmericanEnglish?Howimportantarethesedifferences?Certainly!TherearesomedifferencesbetweenBritishandAmericanEnglish.Thereareafewdifferencesingrammar.Forexample,speakersofBritishEnglishsay“inhospital”and“Haveyouapen？”Americanssay“inthehospital！”and“Doyouhaveapen？”Pronunciationissometimesdifferent.Americansusuallysoundtheirsinwordslike“bird”and“hurt”.SpeakersofBritishEnglishdonotsoundtheirsinthesewords.TherearedifferencesbetweenBritishandAmericanEnglishinspellingandvocabulary.Forexample,“colour”and“honour”areBritish,“color”and“honor”areAmerican.Thesedifferencesingrammar,pronunciation,spellingandvocabularyarenotimportant,however.Forthemostpart,BritishandAmericanEnglisharethesamelanguage.文章讲解并描述了美国英语和英国英语之间的差别主要在四个方面，并说明白它们属于同一种语言，这两国人在相互理解方面没有什么困难。1．Accordingtothispassage,astudentwhoislearningtospeakAmericanEnglishmightbeafraidthat________.A．BritishpeoplecannotunderstandhimB．AmericanpeoplecannotunderstandhimC．thegrammaristoohardforhimD．thespellingistoohardforhim答案：A解析：推理推断题。依据文章第一段其次、三句Hewonders:CanIcommunicatewithAmericans?Cantheyunderstandme?说明学英国英语的人会担忧美国人能否听懂，而学美国英语的人也担忧英国人是否能听懂。故A正确。2．AmericanEnglishandBritishEnglisharedifferentin________.A．spelling B．pronunciationC．grammar D．alloftheabove答案：D解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段“Thereareafewdifferencesingrammar.”“Pronunciationissometimesdifferent.”“TherearedifferencesbetweenBritishandAmericanEnglishinspellingandvocabulary.”这三句说明美国英语和英国英语在语法、拼法、词汇和发音方面都有差异。故D正确。3．Most________say“Doyouhaveawatch？”A．Britishpeople B．AmericansC．children D．teachers答案：B解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段第四句Americanssay“inthehospital！”and“Doyouhaveapen？”说明Doyouhaveawatch？是讲美国英语的人所说。故B正确。4．Accordingtothispassage,BritishpeopleandAmericanshave________difficultyinunderstandingeachother.A．littleB．muchC．someD．great答案：A解析：推理推断题。依据文章最终一句Forthemostpart,BritishandAmericanEnglisharethesamelanguage.说明这是一种语言，那么这两国人在理解对方的语言方面没有什么困难。故A正确。Ⅱ.七选五Likeanygoodmachine,thebrainneedsalittlecareandattentionasitagestoensureitcontinuestoruningoodworkingorder.__1__.Don'tlosefaithinyourabilitiesAspeoplegetolder,it'seasytothinkthatyourmemoryisalreadypoor.__2__.Soifyoudofindyourselfhesitatinginadoorwaynotreallyknowingwhereyouaremeanttobe,justseeitasaremindertopushyourmemoryalittlebitharder.Learnalanguageoramusicalinstrument__3__，suchaslearningthepianoorpickingupanewlanguage.Bothrelyonawideskillset,exercisingyourmemory,attentionandsoon.__4__Obesitycanharmyourbraininmanyways.Thegoodnewsisthatcertainnutrientsseemtoreduceage­relateddamagetothebrain.ThismayexplainwhyolderpeopleeatingatypicallyMediterraneandiettendedtoshowthesamecognitiveskillsaspeople7.5yearstheiryounger.Buildyourbody__5__.Physicalactivitynotonlybuildsabetterbloodflowtothebrain,butalsoincreasesproteinssuchas“nervegrowthfactor”.Sojustchooseatrainingthatsuitsyourfitness.A．Don'tfeastonjunkfoodB．BenefityourbrainfromahealthydietC．WetendtoloseconfidenceinourmentalabilitiesD．HerearesomepromisingwaystosharpenyourbrainE．YoushouldconsideramoreambitiousmentalworkoutF．Infact,itisjustaslikelytohappentoyoungandoldalikeG．Gettinginshapeisoneofthesurestwaystobuildyourmind本文是一篇说明文，人脑和机器一样须要我们的关爱和护理，文章提出了四大确保大脑健康运转的建议。1．D解析：本句起着承上启下的作用。前一句告知我们须要关爱大脑，保证它能够接着运转。在后四段里分别提出了四条建议。D项“Herearesomepromisingwaystosharpenyourbrain”可以承接前句，也可以引出后句。故选D项。2．F解析：由横线前一句“Aspeoplegetolder,it'seasytothinkthatyourmemoryisalreadypoor.”可知随着人们变老，人们会认为自己的记忆也会变差。事实上记忆变差的状况年轻人和老人都可能会有。所以当你发觉自己记忆力不好的时候，不要失去信念。F项“Infact,itisjustaslikelytohappentoyoungandoldalike”符合语境，故选F项。3．E解析：本段的主题和横线后一句“suchaslearningthepianoorpickingupanewlanguage.”都在建议我们要有更难的思维熬炼，可以学习钢琴或另外一门语言。E项“Youshouldconsideramoreambitiousmentalworkout”符合语境，故选E项。4．B解析：由本段第一句“Obesitycanharmyourbraininmanyways.”可知我们的肥胖会损害我们的大脑。所以我们肯定要有健康的饮食，确保我们身心健康。B项“Benefityourbrainfromahealthydiet”符合语境，故选B项。5．G解析：本段的建议是“Buildyourbody”，熬炼身体对于思维的熬炼同样有特别重要的作用。G项“Gettinginshapeisoneofthesurestwaystobuildyourmind”符合上下文语境，故G项正确。Ⅲ.完形填空AfterIgraduatedfromcollege,Itriedtofindwork.Iappliedeverywherebutnoone__1__me.FinallyI__2__ajobinagrouphomeformentallydisabledpeople.Itwasn't__3__work.Ourworkincludedthefeeding,dressing,andsafetyofourclients(托付人).Alsowehadtotakethemtotheirsupportedjobs,andhelpthemto__4__theirbehaviorswhentheyactedout.Itwasadifficultjobemotionally(感情上)andIreallywasn't__5__forit.Infact,Ididn't__6__togotoworkeachday.Oneofourclientswasayoungmanwhocouldn't__7__andwouldoftenbehavebadlywhenwantingtoexpresssomething.Hedid__8__walkingoutside,however,sotheotherworkerswouldoftenhavemetakehimforawalkuptheroadto__9__himdown.Onedaywhenwewereout__10__，Isuddenlyfeltsomethingtouchmyfingers.Theyoungmanwastryingto__11__myhand.__12__pushingitaway,Itookhis__13__andwewalkedalongtogetherinthesunshine.ThenasweturnedtoheadbacktothehomeI__14__it.Therewasalightshininginhiseyes.Itwasfulloflove,happinessandgoodness.InthatmomentIsawpasthis__15__behaviors.Isawwhohereallywas.LittledidIknowthat__16__wouldhelppreparemeformyowntwosons'mentalillness.Itwouldhelpmetoseethe__17__thatlaywithinthemaswellandlearnthatcaringforthemwasnota__18__butanhonor.Itwouldhelpmetorealizetheyweretobemygreatest__19__.Theytaughtmehowtoliveandhowtolove.Theyshowedmetheonlywaytomakesurethatloveandhappinessliveonourplanetisto__20__themthereourselves.本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲解并描述了自己高校毕业后在一家智障人士之家找到了一份工作，全面照看他们的客户。在一次和客户外出的过程中，作者受到了启发。后来，自己的两个儿子得了精神疾病，在陪伴他们成长的过程中，作者懂得了如何去爱，明白了确保爱和华蜜生活在我们这个星球上的唯一方法就是我们自己把它们留在那里的道理。1．A.accepted B．understoodC．helped D．praised答案：A解析：考查动词辨析。A.accepted接受；B.understood理解；C.helped帮助；D.praised表扬。依据上文“高校毕业后，我努力找工作”可知，此处应指“我到处申请，但没有人接受我”。故A选项正确。2．A.created B．offeredC．got D．refused答案：C解析：考查动词辨析。A.created创建；B.offered供应；C.got得到；D.refused拒绝。依据语境可知，最终，作者在一家智障人士之家找到了一份工作。故C选项正确。3．A.dangerous B．easyC．safe D．difficult答案：B解析：考查形容词辨析。A.dangerous危急的；B.easy简单的；C.safe平安的；D.difficult困难的。依据下文的“我们的工作包括给客户喂饭、穿衣和负责他们的平安”可知，这份工作并不简单。故B选项正确。4．A.change B．judgeC．control D．show答案：C解析：考查动词辨析。A.change变更；B.judge推断；C.control约束；D.show展示。依据上文可知，作者在智障人士之家工作，此处指“我们还必需带他们去做他们被支持的工作，并帮助他们在行动时约束他们的行为”。故C选项正确。5．A.sorry B．readyC．thankful D．regretful答案：B解析：考查形容词辨析。A.sorry缺憾的；B.ready打算好的；C.thankful感谢的；D.regretful懊悔的。依据上文“在情感方面，这是一个困难的工作”可知，作者对这份工作还没有做好打算。故B选项正确。6．A.ask B．agreeC．promise D．want答案：D解析：考查动词辨析。A.ask询问；B.agree同意；C.promise许诺；D.want想要。依据上文中可知，作者没有打算好，带有工作心情，因此此处应指“事实上，我每天都不想去上班”。故D选项正确。7．A.talk B．hearC．see D．learn答案：A解析：考查动词辨析。A.talk说话；B.hear听见；C.see望见；D.learn了解，学到。依据下文对两人漫步时，两人只是进行了肢体上的接触而没有语言的沟通可知，这个客户不会说话。故A选项正确。8．A.hate B．practiceC．consider D．enjoy答案：D解析：考查动词辨析。A.hate厌烦；B.practice练习；C.consider考虑；D.enjoy喜爱。依据下文“其他的工作人员常常让我带他沿路漫步”可知，这个年轻的客户喜爱出去漫步。故D选项正确。9．A.calm B．breakC．let D．pull答案：A解析：考查动词词组辨析。A.calmdown安静下来；B.breakdown损坏；C.letdown使悲观；D.pulldown拆毁。依据上文“在想要表达某件事的时候常常表现得很不好”可知，此处指带他去漫步，是为了让他能安静下来。故A选项正确。10．A.running B．ridingC．walking D．traveling答案：C解析：考查动词辨析。A.running奔跑；B.riding骑；C.walking漫步；D.traveling旅行。依据上文可知，作者常常带这个年轻人外出漫步，此处应指“有一天我们外出漫步时，我突然感到有什么东西碰了碰我的手指”。故C选项正确。11．A.hurt B．holdC．lift D．beat答案：B解析：考查动词辨析。A.hurt损害；B.hold握住；C.lift举起；D.beat击打。依据语境可知，此处应指“那个年轻人试图握住我的手”。故B选项正确。12．A.Insteadof B．ExceptforC．Asfor D．Alongwith答案：A解析：考查介词词组辨析。A.Insteadof不是……而是……；B.Exceptfor除了……；C.Asfor至于……；D.Alongwith……伴同。依据下文“我们一起在阳光下走着”可知，此处应指“我没有把他的手推开，而是牵起他的手”。故A选项正确。13．A.bag B．clothesC．hand D．head答案：C解析：考查名词辨析。A.bag背包；B.clothes衣服；C.hand手；D.head头。依据语境可知，此处指“我牵起他的手”。故C选项正确。14．A.saw B．gaveC．received D．lost答案：A解析：考查动词辨析。A.saw看到；B.gave赐予；C.received收到；D.lost失去。依据下文“他的眼睛里闪着光。它充溢了爱、华蜜和和善。”可知，此处应指“当我们转身回家时，我看到了它”。故A选项正确。15．A.interesting B．troublingC．shy D．natural答案：B解析：考查形容词辨析。A.interesting好玩的；B.troubling令人担忧的；C.shy羞涩的；D.natural自然的。依据上文“在想要表达某件事的时候常常表现得很不好”及“他的眼睛里闪着光。它充溢了爱、华蜜和和善。”可知，此处应指“在那一刻，我看穿了他令人担忧的行为。看到了他真实的一面”。故B选项正确。16．A.skill B．progressC．idea D．experience答案：D解析：考查名词辨析。A.skill技能；B.progress进步；C.idea观点；D.experience经验。依据语境可知，此处应指“我几乎不知道那段经验会帮助我为自己两个儿子的精神疾病做打算”。故D选项正确。17．A.secret B．lightC．sadness D．dream答案：B解析：考查名词辨析。A.secret隐私；B.light光明；C.sadness哀痛；D.dream幻想。依据下文laywithinthem可知，此处指“它将帮助我看到他们内心的光明”。故B选项正确。18．A.business B．methodC．result D．duty答案：D解析：考查名词辨析。A.business事情；B.method方法；C.result结果；D.duty责任。依据上文可知，作者在照看自己的儿子，此处应指“并让我明白照看他们不是一种责任，而是一种荣誉”。故D选项正确。19．A.friends B．supportersC．teachers D．students答案：C解析：考查名词辨析。A.friends挚友；B.supporters支持者；C.teachers老师；D.students学生。依据下文“他们教我如何生活，如何去爱。”可知，此处指作者认为他们是他最棒的老师。故C选项正确。20．A.find B．putC．expect D．hide答案：B解析：考查动词辨析。A.find发觉；B.put放；C.expect期盼；D.hide隐藏。依据语境可知，此处应指“他们告知我，确保爱和华蜜生活在我们这个星球上的唯一方法就是我们自己把它们留在那里”。故B选项正确。Ⅳ.概要写作阅读下面短文，依据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Revive(复活)anoldfriendshipWithsocialnetworkingandtheInternet,itiseasierthanevertolocateaformerfriend.Youmightbetemptedtoreviveanoldfriendship,butbeforeyoudo,herearesomethingstokeepinmind.HowDidtheRelationshipEnd?Ifyouandyourfriendjustsortofdriftedapart,youmaybeabletopickuprightwhereyouleftoff.Afterall,peoplemove,havechildren,andgoindifferentdirectionsintheirlife.Sometimesthismeansthatperhapsyourfriendshipwasn'taprioritybackthen,butnowthatthingshavechangeditwillbedifferent.However,ifyouhadafalling­outwithyourfriend,thosenegativeemotionsmaystillexist.Lookatthefriendshiprealistically,andifyoudecideyou'dstillliketomoveforwardyouhavetodooneofthethreethings：·Forgive,iftheblamefellonyourfriend.·Apologize,ifyouwereatfault.·Tellyourfriendyou'dliketostartagain,andworkthroughyourargumentinordertoputitbehindyou.ManageExpectationsIt'simportanttokeepyourexpectationsincheckwhencontactinganoldfriend.Afterall,youmighthavethoughtabouttheideaoffindingthemforawhile,butyourfriendwillprobablybecaughtoffguardbyyourcalloremail.