安徽省桐城市某中学2023届高三上学期月考（3）英语试卷 附答案

高三英语试卷ATherearethousandsofincredibletrails（路线）thatallowustogetupclosetonature.Hereare4ofthebesthikingtrailsintheworld.

LaresandRoyalIncaTrail，Peru

TheIncaTrailtoMacchuPicchuisunquestionablyoneofSouthAmerica'sgreatestone.

LaresandRoyalIncaTrail，aguidedthree-daytripintheLaresregion，followsanancientIncapaththroughAndeanforests，uptheHuchayccasapassandthroughthevillageofHuacahuasi，withthechancetocatchsightoftoweringMountVeronica.

MonteverdeCloudForestReserve，CostaRica

CostaRica'srichbiodiversityisbestexploredinthehighcloudforestsofMonteverde.Thereservehasaseriesofwell-markedpathsidealforthosekeenonaneasyslowwalkwiththechancetoseethearea'sstrikingbirdsandplantsupclosewithouthavingtopackforamulti-dayhike.

TheDingleWay，Ireland

Ireland'sDingleWaytrailcanbecompletedinaroundeightdays.

StartinginthetownofTralee，theclockwisepathfollowsnarrowroads，takinginthewidesweepofsandatInchStrand，passingalongtheclifftopsoutsideDingletownandheadingaroundtheedgeofMountBrandon，thehighestpeakontheDinglePeninsula.

ArmeniaandtheSilkRoad

Armenia'sbeautifulnaturallandscapesarebestexploredonfoot.

The11-dayArmeniaandtheSilkRoadtriptakesinsomeofitsfinestroutes，connectingtheUNESCOprotectedmonasteries（修道院）ofSanahinandHaghpat，passingoverlimestonepeaksandthroughgreenforests，withtheopportunitytohikeinthewildGeghamaMountainsandclimbtothetopofAragats，thecountry'stallestmountain.WherecanpeoplereachifhefollowstherouteoftheIncaTrail？______A.MacchuPicchu. B.Dingletown.

C.InchStrand. D.GeghamaMountains.WhatcanpeopleseeinMonteverdeCloudForestReserve？______A.Differentclouds. B.Attractivewildlife.

C.Apineforest. D.Well-designedpaths.Whichtriptakesthelongesttimetocomplete？______A.LaresandRoyalIncaTrail. B.MonteverdeCloudForestReserve.

C.TheDingleWay. D.ArmeniaandtheSilkRoad.BTwo18-year-oldgirls，JrasnattandMarisa，learnedaboutamajorchallengefacedbythecricket（蟋蟀）farmers.Biggercricketsoftenattackthesmallerones.Whenattacked，acricketwillcutoffitsownlegstoescape.Butafterabandoningaleg，thisanimalwilloftendieorbecomeslessvaluabletobuyers.

JrasnattandMarisaweredeterminedtosolvetheproblem.Aftersomeresearch，theylearnedthatcoloredlightcaninfluencethebehaviorsofsomeanimals，includinginsects.Tofindout，theteenresearcherstransferredgroupsof30newlyhatchedcricketsintoeachof24boxes.Thecricketsinsixboxeswereexposedonlytoredlight.Anothersixboxeswerelitwithgreen.Sixmoreboxeswerelitwithblue.Thesethreegroupsofinsectsspentdaytimehoursthroughouttheirlives—abouttwomonths—inaworldbathedinjustonecoloroflight.Thelastsixboxesofcricketslivedinnaturallight.

"Weseethey'regrowingeverydayandtakenotesonwhat'shappening，"saysMarisa."We'reliketheparentsofthecrickets."Throughout，theteenskepttrackofthecrickets.Theshareofcricketswithmissinglegswasabout9inevery10amongthoselivinginred，blueornaturallight.Butfewerthan7inevery10cricketswhogrewupinaworldofgreenlostlegs.Also，thesurvivalrateforcricketsinthegreenboxwasfourorfivetimeshigherthanthatintheotherboxes.

Crickets'eyesareadaptedtoonlyseeingreenandbluelight.So，inredlight，theworldwouldalwayslookdark.Withoutbeingabletosee，theyaremorelikelytohiteachother.Thatresultsincricketslosinglegs.Besides，cricketsaremoreattractedtobluelightthangreenlight，whichpullsthemclosertogetherandleadstomorefights.Inthegreenlightbox，thecricketsweremostlikelytomindtheirownbusinessandavoidstruggle.

Creatingagreen-lightworldforcricketsisasolutionthatcouldbebroughttothefarms.JrasnattandMarisaarealreadyintalkswiththefarmers.Thosefarmersplantotryoutgreenlightingtoseeifitwillboosttheirprofits.Whatproblemofcricketsdidthegirlsdecidetosettle？______A.Thereisnocricketbuyer.

B.Theyoftenjumphightoescape.

C.Theirlegsarecutoffbyfarmers.

D.Therearealwaysinjuriesanddeaths.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirls'researchwork？______A.Theyconductedtheresearchseriously.

B.Theylookedaftertheinsectscarelessly.

C.Theyobservedthecricketsdayandnight.

D.Theydividedthecricketsintothreegroups.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout？______A.Possibleapplicationoftheresearchfinding.

B.Abriefintroductiontotheresearchmethod.

C.Afurtherexplanationfortheresearchresults.

D.Detailedinformationabouttheresearchprocess.Whatmaybetheattitudeofthecricketfarmerstowardsthegirls'solution？______A.Doubtful. B.Opposed. C.Supportive. D.Indifferent.CKobeBryantisnodoubtalegend.Howdidhedoit？Simplyputhisworkprinciple.Heshoweduptotrainingeveryday，noexcuses.Withoutadoubt，itisquiteevidentthatKobe'sdesireforsuccesswasdirectlycorrelatedwithhisworkprinciple.

KobeBryant'sworkprincipleiswhathelpedhimbecomethelegendheistoday.ButwhatalsomustbeunderstoodaboutKobeBryantisthathewasrelentless（不停的；严格的）.Hehadamentaltoughnessandsteelyfocusthatwasdrivenbyhiscompetitiveness.

Inshort，Kobewantedtobethebest，andwoulddowhateverittooktoachievethismentalgoal.Ifhehadaweaknessinonearea，hewouldcommittomasteringthatweakness.Iftherewasalackofstrengthinhisshot，hewouldgettoworkexhaustingalloptionstocorrectthatlackofstrength，researchingandthenapplyingtheroutinesthatinstructedhimonhowtogetstronger.Similarly，ifhisweaknesswasalackofspeed，hewouldputinthetimeandefforttoovercomethelimitation.Andtherelieshissecrettosuccess.Thewillingnesstolearnandthenapplywhathelearnedtomovehimselfclosertohisgoals.

"WhenIamretired，Idon'twanttohavetosayIwishIwouldhavedonemore.Idon'twantthat."—KobeBryant.

Assuch，KobeBryant'ssuccessprinciplecanbesummarizedasarelentlessfocusontheendresult.Thegreatnewsistheabilitytoberelentlessisinallofyou.Accordingtotheauthor，whatmakesKobeBryantalegend？______A.KobeBryant'sdistinguishedcharacters.

B.KobeBryant'sattitudestowardshiswork.

C.KobeBryant'smethodsofeverydaytraining.

D.KobeBryant'swillingnesstolearnnewthings.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"over-the-top"inParagraph2probablymean？______A.Potential. B.Temporary. C.Apparent. D.Extraordinary.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbestbytellingthestoryofKobeBryant？______A.Aslowsparrowshouldmakeanearlystart.

B.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.

C.Successresultsfromconsistentefforts.

D.Confidenceisthefirststepontheroadtosuccess.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesKobeBryant？______A.Self-disciplinedandhard-working.

B.Confidentandhumble.

C.Positiveandconsiderate.

D.Selflessandenergetic.DForafewsecondsonasunnyafternoonlastApril，renewablesbrokearecordforCalifornia'smainelectricnetwork，providingenoughpowertosupply94.5%ofdemand.Themomentwaspraisedasamilestoneonthepathtodecarbonisation（脱碳）.Butwhathappenswhenthesunsetsandthewindsstop？

Handlingthevariedpowerproductionofrenewableswillrequirecheapstorageforhoursorevendaysatatime.Newtypesofiron-basedbatteriesmightbeuptothetask.

Manyfirmsareengagedindevelopingthesekindsofbatteries.Oregon-basedESS，whosebatteriescanstoreenergyforbetweenfourandtwelvehours，launcheditsfirstnetwork-scaleprojectsin2021.Massachusetts-basedFormEnergy，whichraised﹩240millionin2021，hasbatteriesthatstorepowerforupto100hours.Itsfirstinstallationwillbeaone-megawatt（兆瓦）pilotplantinMinnesota，plannedtobecompletedin2023.

Bothcompaniesrelyonbatteriesthatuseiron，oneofthemostabundantmaterialsontheplanet.Thismeansthattheirofferingscouldeventuallybecheaperthanothernetworkstoragecandidates.Formsaysitsbatteriescouldeventuallycostjust﹩20perkilowatt-hour，lowerthanevenoptimisticpredictionsforlithium-ion（锂离子）batteriesinthenextseveraldecades.

Therearestillchallengestoaddress：ironbatteriestypicallyhavelowefficiency，meaningagoodpartoftheenergythat'sputintothemcan'tberecovered.Unwantedsidereactionscanalsodegradethemovertime.Butifiron-basedbatteriescanbeappliedwidely，atalowenoughcost，theycouldhelppowermoreoftheworldwithrenewableenergy.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofraisingaquestioninthefirstparagraph？______A.Tointroducethetopicofthearticle.

B.Tosupportthetopicofthisparagraph.

C.Tohighlighttheimportanceofenergy.

D.Toinspiremorescientiststostudy.HowdoestheauthordevelopParagraph3？______A.Bymakingclassifications. B.Byanalysingcauseandeffect.

C.Bygivingexamples. D.Byexplainingdefinitions.Whatdoweknowabouttheiron-basedbatteriesinthepassage？______A.Theyareboundtoquicklyreplacealltheexistingbatteries.

B.Theyareofgreathelpinspiteofseveralunknownweaknesses.

C.Theyarebelievedtobeappliedmorewidelyintheremoteareas.

D.Theyareexpectedtosupplymoreenergyatamuchlowercost.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext？______A.Competition：TwoBatteryCompanies

B.Possibility：Long-lastingNetworkBatteries

C.Challenge：NewBatterywithLowEfficiency

D.Milestone：SuccessinDecarbonisationHowtoLearnfromYourRegrets

Regret'sbenefitsdon'tcometousbychance.(1).Herearethreestepsyoucantakethenexttimeyoufindyourselfthinkingcarefullyaboutyourpastmissteps.

Killtheghost（鬼魂）.

Peopleoftensaytheirregretskeepcomingtotheirmind.Thissuggeststhatregretislikeaghost.Bringyourghostoutoftheshadowsbymakingalistofyourregrets.Writedownwhyeachonestillbothersyouanditsbadeffects.(2).

Forgiveyourself.

(3)，butsometimesyoujustcan'tstopblamingyourself.Perhapsyoudroppedoutofschooldecadesagoandareconstantlycalculatingtodayhowmuchmoneyyouwouldbemakingifyouhadpressedontograduation.Nowisthetimetodeclare："Iwillnotwastemyliferelivingadecisionthatcannotbechanged."

Collectyourdiploma.

Regretislikeaschoolrunbyhumannature.Ifyouneverexperiencedregret，youwouldkeeprepeatingthesamebehaviorsthatledyoutomissopportunities.(4).Next，listallthewaysthatyoucaninvestinyourownskillsandimprovementrightnow—andgetstarted.

Regretsmayhurt.(5)，whiletryingtolivewithoutthemisalostopportunitytogrow.Lifeisajourneyfullofpleasuresandpains.Toliveitwellandfullymeanslearningfromeverybitofit，includingthemistakes，andmovingforward.

A.Afteryoumakeamistake，lifemoveson

B.Fillingyourmindwiththemisdestructive

C.Theghostcertainlydoesn'truleaperson'slife

D.Wehavetoseekthemoutonpurposetoimproveourselves

E.Youwillfindthatalistisalotlessfrighteningthanaghost

F.Youchoosealifesentenceforapoordecisionyoumadeinthepast

G.Ifyouletregretteach，youcannotehowyouwanttochangeyourbehavior

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.GTempo（节奏）runsscareme.ThoselongandhardeffortsalwayslookimpossiblewhenIseethemonpaper.

Irememberone50-minuterun(21).Isawitonmytrainingplanandimmediatelycreatedalaundrylistof(22)forwhythiswasjustnotgoingtowork，whyIwasn'tfitenough，whyIwouldn't(23)—whyIwouldfail.

BeforeIevenlacedupmyshoes，I'dalready(24)myselfIcouldn'tdothis.Insteadofusingthewarm-uptofindmypace，(25)forsuccess，andgetexcitedtomakethebestofit，Iadopteda(26)mindset（心态），revisitedmylistofexcusesand(27)furtherintothebad-attitudetrap.Iquittheworkout(28)evenbeforeIstarted.Afterthat，Ishortenedmoreworkoutsandmyfitnessmovedbackwardssoon.

The(29)，Irealized，wasthatItreatedmyentiretrainingplanlikeatemporun—hard，fastand(30).IfeltthatifIdidn'thitaworkoutearly，Iwouldn'tbeableto(31).

IrealizedIneededtotreatmytraininglikemyfavourite(32)：thelongrun.Ilovesettlingintoarelaxedpace，enjoyingtherouteand(33)ononlyonegoal—finishing.IlovethatIcanhaveabadmileinthemiddleandstillend(34).

Now，whenIsetanewgoaland(35)anewtrainingplan，IhavewhatIcall"thelong-runmindset".

I'mnot(36)forimmediateresults，asIhavebeeninthepast.I(37)moreaboutthebigpictureandmylong-termgoalsasa(38).Yes，thereisstillanimportantplaceforhard，fasttemporuns，butIhave(39)myattitude，tothinkbiggerthanshort-term(40)andinsteadworktowardlifelongsuccess.

A.byaccident B.inparticular C.atrandom D.inadvance

A.plans B.requirements C.excuses D.questions

A.finish B.flee C.stop D.hesitate

A.recalled B.convinced C.warned D.instructed

A.argue B.charge C.beg D.prepare

A.stranger's B.conqueror's C.survivor's D.loser's

A.set B.broke C.fell D.looked

A.mentally B.gradually C.hopefully D.excitedly

A.lesson B.doubt C.problem D.consequence

A.perfect B.strict C.simple D.inspiring

A.givein B.settledown C.backoff D.catchup

A.workout B.program C.test D.propose

A.depending B.trying C.focusing D.turning

A.awful B.silent C.strong D.sad

A.review B.write C.cross D.ignore

A.desperate B.grateful C.sorry D.fit

A.worry B.hear C.argue D.care

A.teacher B.runner C.coach D.viewer

A.accepted B.examined C.completed D.changed

A.outcomes B.memories C.cooperations D.predictionsThe(1)（tradition）Chineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.Morethan2，000yearsago，ancientChinesepeoplecreatedthisoverallframeworktomarktheannualpassageoftime(2)（base）onobservationsofthesun'smovement.(3)16thsolartermoftheyear，AutumnEquinox（秋分），fallsonSept.23thisyearandendsonOct.7.Itliesatthemidpointofautumn，(4)（divide）autumnintotwoequalparts.Afterit，thelocationofdirectsunlightmovestothesouth，makingdaysshorterandnights(5)（long）inthenorthernhemisphere（半球）.InancientChina，peoplethrewarrowsintopotstowelcomeAutumnEquinox.Hostswouldinviteguests(6)（throw）arrowsintoapotatadistancewiththeirhands.Players(7)arrowsfailedtomakethepothadtodrinkwineasa(8)（punish）.Today，Chinesepeoplewouldcelebrateitinmanyways，such(9)holdingharvestfestivals，eatingQiucai（anautumnvegetable）andcrab（螃蟹），enjoyingbeautifulflowers，andsacrificingtothemoon.Thatday，therearethousandsofpeopleintheworldtryingtomakeeggsstandontheirends.ThisChinesecustom(10)（become）agameoftheworldalready.Eggsthatare4or5daysoldarebestforthisgame.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Ineveryexperimentclass，ourteacherteachesusainterestingexperiment.Today，theteachershowsushowtomakeacandleburnunderwater.Itwaslikemagic，interestingandamazing.Theteacherfirstexplainedthescientificprinciplebehindtheexperimentandwantedusrememberit.Aftertakenotes，undertheguidanceofourteacher，wecarefullyputthecandleintothewaterorlitit.Finally，everyonesuccessfulcompletedtheexperiment.Weweresoexciting.Nosoonerhadwefinishedtheexperimentthatwesurroundedourteachercheerfully.Asweallknowit，havingthescientificexperimentclassenablestudentstolearnalotofwonderfulscientificknowledge.你校将以四月十二日世界航天日为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：1.太空探索的重要性；2.你的期待。

注意：1.词数100左右；2.短文的题目和首句已为你写好。

SpaceExplorationLightsupDreams

April12wasofficiallynamedbytheUNin2011asWorldSpaceDay.__________________(1)(2)

答案和解析1~3.【答案】A、B、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Lares

and

Royal

Inca

Trail，Peru部分The

Inca

Trail

to

Macchu

Picchu

is

unquestionably

one

of

South

America's

greatest

one.（前往马丘比丘的印加小径无疑是南美洲最伟大的小径之一。）如果他沿着印加小道走，人们能到达马丘比丘。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据Monteverde

Cloud

Forest

Reserve，Costa

Rica部分The

reserve

has

a

series

of

well-marked

paths

ideal

for

those

keen

on

an

easy

slow

walk

with

the

chance

to

see

the

area's

striking

birds

and

plants

up

close

without

having

to

pack

for

a

multi-day

hike.（该保护区有一系列标志清晰的小径，非常适合那些喜欢轻松慢速步行的人，他们有机会近距离观赏该地区引人注目的鸟类和植物，而无需打包进行一天的徒步旅行。）可知人们在蒙特维德云林保护区能看到迷人的野生动物。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据每一部分的Lares

and

Royal

Inca

Trail，a

guided

three-day

trip

in

the

Lares

region（Lares和RoyalIncaTrail是Lares地区的三天导游之旅）；The

reserve

has

a

series

of

well-marked

paths

ideal

for

those

keen

on

an

easy

slow

walk

with

the

chance

to

see

the

area's

striking

birds

and

plants

up

close

without

having

to

pack

for

a

multi-day

hike.（该保护区有一系列标志清晰的小径，非常适合那些喜欢轻松慢速步行的人，他们有机会近距离观赏该地区引人注目的鸟类和植物，而无需打包进行一天的徒步旅行）；Ireland's

Dingle

Way

trail

can

be

completed

in

around

eight

days.（爱尔兰的丁格尔之路（DingleWay）小径可以在大约八天内完成）；The

11-day

Armenia

and

the

Silk

Road

trip

takes

in

some

of

its

finest

routes（为期11天的亚美尼亚和丝绸之路之旅采用了一些最好的路线）。可知Armenia

and

the

Silk

Road旅行花费的时间最长。故选D。

本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四条世界上最好的远足径。

4~7.【答案】D、A、D、C【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Two

18-year-old

girls，Jrasnatt

and

Marisa，learned

about

a

major

challenge

faced

by

the

cricket（蟋蟀）farmers.Bigger

crickets

often

attack

the

smaller

ones.When

attacked，a

cricket

will

cut

off

its

own

legs

to

escape.But

after

abandoning

a

leg，this

animal

will

often

die

or

becomes

less

valuable

to

buyers.（两个18岁的女孩，Jrasnatt和Marisa，了解到蟋蟀养殖户面临的主要挑战。大蟋蟀经常攻击小蟋蟀。当受到攻击时，蟋蟀会切断自己的腿逃跑。但丢弃一条腿后，这种动物通常会死亡，或者对买家来说变得不那么值钱。）可知女孩们决定解决蟋蟀养殖户的问题是总是有蟋蟀受伤和死亡。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段"We

see

they're

growing

every

day

and

take

notes

on

what's

happening，"says

Marisa."We're

likethe

parents

of

the

crickets."Throughout，the

teens

kept

track

of

the

crickets.（"我们看到它们每天都在增长，并记录下正在发生的事情，"玛丽莎说。"我们就像蟋蟀的父母。"在整个过程中，青少年一直在跟踪蟋蟀。）可知我们能从女孩的研究工作中了解到他们认真地进行了研究。故选A。

（3）段落大意题。根据第四段Crickets'

eyes

are

adapted

to

only

see

in

green

and

blue

light.So，in

red

light，the

world

would

always

look

dark.Without

being

able

to

see，they

are

more

likely

to

hit

each

other.That

results

in

crickets

losing

legs.Besides，crickets

are

more

attracted

to

blue

light

than

green

light，which

pulls

them

closer

together

and

leads

to

more

fights.In

the

green

light

box，the

crickets

were

most

likely

to

mind

their

own

business

and

avoid

struggle.（蟋蟀的眼睛适应于只看绿光和蓝光。所以，在红光下，世界看起来总是黑暗的。在看不见的情况下，它们更容易互相撞击。这导致蟋蟀失去了腿。此外，蟋蟀更喜欢蓝光而不是绿光，这使它们靠得更近，导致更多的打斗。在绿色灯箱里，蟋蟀最可能管好自己的事，避免争斗。）可知第4段的主要内容是有关研究过程的详细信息。故选D。

（4）观点态度题。根据最后一段Creating

a

green-light

world

for

crickets

is

a

solution

that

could

be

brought

to

the

farms.Jrasnatt

and

Marisa

are

already

in

talks

with

the

farmers.Those

farmers

plan

to

try

out

green

lighting

to

see

if

it

will

boost

their

profits.（为蟋蟀创造一个绿灯世界是一个可以带到农场的解决方案。Jrasnatt和Marisa已经在与农民进行谈判。这些农民计划尝试绿色照明，看看是否会提高他们的利润。）可知蟋蟀养殖户对女孩的解决方案可能持支持的态度。故选C。

本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了两个女孩为了解决蟋蟀养殖户所面临的蟋蟀容易死伤的问题所做出的努力。

8~11.【答案】B、D、C、A【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段KobeBryant'sworkprincipleiswhathelpedhimbecomethelegendheistoday.（科比•布莱恩特的工作原则帮助他成为了今天的传奇人物。）可知根据作者的说法，是科比对他的工作态度让科比成为传奇。故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子He

had

a

mental

toughness

and

steely

focus

that

was

driven

by

his

competitiveness.（他有着坚强的精神和钢铁般的专注力，这是由他过度的竞争所驱动的。）可知划线词的意思是"过度的"。A.Potential；有潜力的；B.Temporary暂时的；C.Apparent明显的；D.Extraordinary杰出的，不一般的。故选D。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段As

such，Kobe

Bryant's

success

principle

can

be

summarized

as

a

relentless

focus

on

the

end

result.The

great

news

is

the

ability

to

be

relentless

is

in

all

of

you.（因此，科比-布莱恩特的成功原则可以总结为对最终结果的不懈关注。好消息是，你们所有人都有坚持不懈的能力。）可知作者想通过讲述科比的故事来展示成功源于持续的努力。故选C。

（4）推理判断题。根据第一段Kobe

Bryant

is

no

doubt

a

legend.How

did

he

do

it？Simply

put

his

work

principle.He

showed

up

to

training

every

day，no

excuses.（科比•布莱恩特无疑是一位传奇人物。他是怎么做到的？简单地说，他的工作原理。他每天都去训练，没有借口。）可知科比是自律和勤奋的。故选A。

本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了科比对待工作的态度以及其取得的成功。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

12~15.【答案】A、C、D、C【解析】（1）写作目的题。根据第一段结尾处The

moment

was

praised

as

a

milestone

on

the

path

to

decarbonisation.But

what

happens

when

the

sunsets

and

the

winds

stop？（这一时刻被誉为脱碳道路上的里程碑。但当日落和风停了会发生什么呢？）及第二段Handling

the

varied

power

production

of

renewables

will

require

cheap

storage

for

hours

or

even

days

at

a

time.New

types

of

iron-based

batteries

might

be

up

to

the

task.（处理可再生能源的各种电力生产需要一次储存数小时甚至数天的廉价存储。新型的铁基电池或许可以胜任这一任务。）可知，作者在第一段介绍新能源的目的是为了引入话题，介绍文章的主题"铁基电池"。故选A。

（2）写作手法题。根据.Oregon-

based

ESS，whose

batteries

can

store

energy

for

between

four

and

twelve

hours，launched

its

first

network-scale

projects

in

2021.Massachusetts-based

Form

Energy，which

raised

﹩240

million

in

2021，has

batteries

that

store

power

for

up

to

100

hours.（总部位于俄勒冈州的ESS公司的电池可以储存4到12小时的能量，该公司于2021年启动了第一个网络规模的项目。总部位于马萨诸塞州的FormEnergy公司在2021年筹集了2.4亿美元，其电池可存储电力长达100小时。）可知，作者主要是通过举两个例子来说明铁基电池的发展。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段末尾But

if

iron-based

batteries

can

be

applied

widely，at

a

low

enough

cost，they

could

help

power

more

of

the

world

with

renewable

energy..（但是，如果铁基电池能够以足够低的成本广泛应用，它们可以帮助世界上更多的地方使用可再生能源。）可知，铁基电池被希望以更低价格提供更多人使用。故选D。

（4）标题归纳题。通读全文及根据最后一段开头There

are

still

challenges

to

address：iron

batteries

typically

have

low

efficiency，meaning

a

good

part

of

the

energy

that's

put

into

them

can't

be

recovered.（但仍有挑战需要解决：铁电池通常效率较低，这意味着投入其中的大部分能量无法回收。）可知，这篇文章主要说明可再生能源的低效率储蓄问题并提出了使用新型的铁基电池来解决。。C选项Challenge：New

Battery

with

Low

Efficiency（挑战：低效率的新电池）故选C。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明可再生能源的低效率储蓄问题并提出了使用新型的铁基电池来解决。

16~20.【答案】G、E、A、F、D【解析】（1）联系上下文。根据前文Regret'sbenefitsdon'tcometousbychance.（后悔不会偶然让我们有收获）可知后文是说如果我们要从后悔中学习到知识，那就要改变我们的行为，G项"如果你让后悔教会你，你可以注意到你想要如何改变自己的行为"符合语境。故选G。

（2）联系上下文。根据前文Bringyourghostoutoftheshadowsbymakingalistofyourregrets.（把后悔的事写下来可以赶走后悔带来的阴影。）可知后文是说当我们写下后悔的事情之后就可以减轻害怕感，E项"你会发现清单远没有鬼可怕"符合语境。故选E。

（3）联系上下文。根据后文sometimesyoujustcan'tstopblamingyourself（有时不能停止指责自己）可知在犯错之后，生活仍然要继续，你不能一直抱怨自己，A项"在你犯错之后，生活还会继续"符合语境。故选A。

（4）联系上下文。根据前文youwouldkeeprepeatingthesamebehaviorsthatledyoutomissopportunities.（你一直犯同样的错误会失去成长的机会）所以你会一直犯同一个错误，F项"你为自己过去的错误决定选择了无期徒刑"符合语境。故选F。

（5）联系上下文。根据前文Regretsmayhurt.（后悔使人痛苦）可知你一直抱怨自己，你会失去成长的机会，可知我们要把错误找出来才能提升自己，D项"我们必须有意识地寻找它们来提高自己"符合语境。故选D。

后悔带来的好处不是偶然的，本文介绍了下次发现自己在仔细思考过去的错误时，可以采取的三个步骤来使自己从后悔中学习。

21~40.【答案】B、C、A、B、D、D、C、A、C、B、D、A、C、C、B、A、D、B、D、A【解析】（1）考查固定短语及语境理解。A.byaccident偶然地；B.inparticular特别是；C.atrandom随意地；D.inadvance提前。根据下句I

saw

it

on

my

training

plan

and

immediately

created

a

laundrylist

of（2）for

why

this

was

just

not

going

to

work，why

I

wasn't

fit

enough，why

I

wouldn't（3）—

why

I

would

fail.可知我在我的训练计划上看到了它，并立即列出了一长串借口，解释为什么这样不行，为什么我不够健康，为什么我不能完成---为什么我会失败。说明我特别记得一次50分钟的跑步。故答案为B。

（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.plans计划；B.requirements要求；C.excuses借口；D.questions问题。根据空后for

why

this

was

just

not

going

to

work，why

I

wasn't

fit

enough，why

I

wouldn't（3）—

why

I

would

fail.可知立即列出了一长串借口，解释为什么这样不行，为什么我不够健康，为什么我不能完成。故答案为C。

（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.finish完成；B.flee逃跑；C.stop停止；D.hesitate犹豫。根据下句why

I

would

fail.可知为什么我会失败。说明我不能完成这次训练。故答案为A。

（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.recalled回忆；B.convinced信服；C.warned警告；D.instructed命令。根据下句I

couldn't

do

this可知在我系好鞋带之前，我已经说服自己我做不到。故答案为B。

（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.argue争论；B.charge索要；C.beg乞求；D.prepare准备。根据下句and

get

excited

to

make

the

best

of

it可知利用热身找到我的节奏，为成功做好准备，并兴奋地充分利用这次训练。故答案为D。

（6）考查名词所有格及语境理解。A.stranger's陌生人的；B.conqueror's征服者的；C.survivor's幸存者的；D.loser's失败者的。根据前文why

I

would

fail.可知为什么我会失败。说明自己是一个失败者。故答案为D。

（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.set设定；B.broke打破；C.fell倒下；D.looked看。根据前文I

saw

it

on

my

training

plan

and

immediately

created

a

laundrylist

of（2）for

why

this

was

just

not

going

to

work，why

I

wasn't

fit

enough，why

I

wouldn't（3）—

why

I

would

fail.可知立即列出了一长串借口，解释为什么这样不行，为什么我不够健康，为什么我不能完成。说明我更深地陷入了态度恶劣的陷阱。故答案为C。

（8）考查副词及语境理解。A.mentally精神上；B.gradually逐渐地；C.hopefully有希望地；D.excitedly兴奋地。I

saw

it

on

my

training

plan

and

immediately

created

a

laundrylist

of（2）for

why

this

was

just

not

going

to

work，why

I

wasn't

fit

enough，why

I

wouldn't（3）—

why

I

would

fail.可知立即列出了一长串借口，解释为什么这样不行，为什么我不够健康，为什么我不能完成。说明在精神上已经被打败了。故答案为A。

（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.lesson课；B.doubt怀疑；C.problem问题；D.consequence结果。根据下句I

treated

my

entire

training

plan

like

a

tempo

run

—

hard，fast

and（10）.可知问题是我对待我的整个训练计划就像一次节奏跑---困难、快速、严格。故答案为C。

（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.perfect完美的；B.strict严格的；C.simple简单的；D.inspiring令人鼓舞的。根据空前hard，fast可知训练是---困难、快速、严格的。故答案为B。

（11）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.givein屈服；B.settledown定居；C.backoff后退；D.catchup赶上。根据上句I

felt

that

if

I

didn't

hit

a

workout

early可知我觉得如果我不早点锻炼，我就赶不上了。故答案为D。

（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.workout训练；B.program计划；C.test检测；D.propose建议。根据下句I

love

settling

into

a

relaxed

pace，enjoying

the

route

and（13）on

only

one

goal

—

finishing.可知我喜欢以一种放松的节奏安顿下来，享受旅程，专注于一个目标---完成。说明我有自己的训练计划。故答案为A。

（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.depending依靠；B.trying尝试；C.focusing专注于；D.turning转向。根据空后on

only

one

goal可知专注于一个目标---完成。故答案为C。

（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.awful糟糕的；B.silent安静的；C.strong强壮的；D.sad伤心的。根据空前I

love

that

I

can

have

a

bad

mile

in

the

middle

and

still可知我喜欢我可以在中间有一英里糟糕的时候仍然坚强地结束。故答案为C。

（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.review回顾；B.write写；C.cross穿过；D.ignore忽略。根据空后a

new

training

plan可知写一个新的训练计划。故答案为B。

（16）考查形容词及语境理解。A.desperate绝望的；B.grateful感激的；C.sorry抱歉的；D.fit健康的。我不像过去那样渴望立竿见影的效果。bedesperatefor渴望。故答案为A。

（17）考查动词及语境理解。A.worry担心；B.hear听到；C.argue争论；D.care在乎。作为一名跑步者，我更关心大局和我的长期目标。careabout在乎。故答案为D。

（18）考查名词及语境理解。A.teacher老师；B.runner跑步者；C.coach教练；D.viewer观看者。根据前文

I

remember

one

50-minute

run（1）.可知我特别记得一次50分钟的跑步。说明我是一篇跑步者。故答案为B。

（19）考查动词及语境理解。A.accepted接受；B.examined检查；C.completed完成；D.changed改变。根据后文nstead

work

toward

lifelong

success.可知是的，高强度、快节奏的跑步仍然有重要的位置，但是我已经改变了我的态度，去想比短期结果更重要的事情，而是朝着终身的成功努力。故答案为D。

（20）考查名词及语境理解。A.outcomes后果；B.memories记忆；C.cooperations合作；D.predictions预测。是的，高强度、快节奏的跑步仍然有重要的位置，但是我已经改变了我的态度，去想比短期结果更重要的事情，而是朝着终身的成功努力。故答案为A。

本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在练习跑步的过程中心态的变化。

41.【答案】【小题1】traditional【小题2】based【小题3】The【小题4】dividing【小题5】longer【小题6】tothrow【小题7】whose【小题8】punishment【小题9】as【小题10】hasbecome【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：中国传统的农历将一年分为24个节气。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词Chinese

lunar

calendar，故填traditional。

（2）考查过去分词。句意：2000多年前，古代中国人根据对太阳运动的观察，创造了这个整体框架，以纪念每年的时间流逝。此处为非谓语动词作状语，annual

passage

of

time与base之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，故填based。

（3）考查冠词。句意：今年的第16个节气，秋分，是今年9月23日，10月7日结束。序数词前面用定冠词，且首字母大写，故填The。

（4）考查现在分词。句意：它位于秋天的中点，把秋天分成两个相等的部分。此处为非谓语动词作状语，it与divide之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填dividing。

（5）考查比较级。句意：之后，阳光直射的位置向南移动，使得北半球的白天变短，夜晚变长。结合句意和shorter可知，此处用比较级，表示"变长"，故填longer。

（6）考查动词不定式。句意：主人会邀请客人用手向远处的罐子里扔箭。invitesbtodo表示"邀请某人做某事"