2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit6Earthfirst第2课时Usinglanguage课时作业含解析外研版必修第二册

PAGEPAGE7课时作业17Usinglanguageeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ.阅读理解)A“Developedanddevelopingnationscanlearnfromeachotherseekingalow­carboneconomy.Intermsofenergysavingandgreeneconomy,Chinadoesn'tlag_behinddevelopednations，”saidZhouChangyi,directoroftheenergysavingdepartmentoftheMinistryofIndustryandInformationTechnology.“Whilewecanlearnmanyaspectsfromdevelopednations,theyalsoshouldlearnsomethingfromus,suchaswaterconservation，”ZhousaidinaspeechduringthenewPathofChina'sIndustrializationforumattheongoingChinaInternationalIndustryFair.HesaidindustrializednationsandChinaaredealingwithdifferentissuestofightclimatechange.TheUnitedKingdom,forexample,isconcernedabouttransport,buildingsandnewenergyinreducingcarbonemissions.ForChina,themosturgenttaskishowtorealizenewtypeofindustrializationandavoidmistakesthatothercountriesmadewhentheyindustrialized.SwisspowerandautomationtechnologygroupABBcalledforastrongerfocusonproductlife­cycleassessment,orLCA,whichisusedtostudytheenvironmentalimpactofaproductfromtheresearchandmanufacturingstagethroughitsusageandrecycling.TobiasBecker,headofABB'sprocessautomationdivisionforNorthAsiaandChina,saidLCAisaneffectivetoolinhelpingmanufacturingindustriestoreducecarbonemissions.LCAshowsthatindustrialcustomersshouldfocusonaproduct'senvironmentalimpactthroughoutitslife­cycleinsteadofonitsinitialinvestment.RichardHausmann,NorthEastAsiaCEOofSiemens,said,“Thecoloroffutureindustrializationisgreen.”TheGermanycompanyrecentlyannouncesthatitwantstoreceiveordersworthmorethan6billionEuros(US8.8billion)forintelligentpowernetworks,SmartGrid,overthenextfiveyears.Siemenshasseta20percentmarketsharetargetfortheglobalsmartgridbusiness.Asmartgriddeliverselectricityfromsupplierstoconsumersusingdigitaltechnology,advancedsensorsspecializedcomputersthatsaveenergy,reducecostsandincreasereliability.TheUnitedStatesandChinaareconsideredthetwobiggestmarketsforsmartgrid.这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能电网的特点及发展趋势，表明发达国家和发展中国家就寻求低碳经济发展上可以相互借鉴，更好地实现他们共同的目标。1．Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedphrase“lagbehind”inParagraph1?A．Actbetterthan. B．Performworsethan.C．Runfasterthan. D．Keepquieterthan.答案：B解析：词义揣测题。由第一段Intermsofenergysavingandgreeneconomy,Chinadoesn'tlag_behinddevelopednations可知，就节能和绿色经济方面，中国并不落后于发达国家。故B选项正确。2．________aboutSmartGridisn'tmentionedinthetext.A．Smallinsize B．Low­costC．Energy­saving D．Security答案：A解析：细微环节理解题。由最终一段saveenergy,reducecostsandincreasereliability(节能，降低成本，增加平安性)可知，A选项并未提到。故A选项正确。3．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．IntelligentPowerNetworksB．Low­carbonEconomy—aSharedGoalC．TwoBiggestMarketsforSmartGridD．DevelopedandDevelopingNationsCanLearnfromEachOther答案：B解析：标题推断题。由第一段Developedanddevelopingnationscanlearnfromeachotherseekingalow­carboneconomy(发达国家和发展中国家就寻求低碳经济发展上可以相互借鉴)以及短文主要内容推断出B选项正确。BPeopleaskedtoimaginehowfloodingordroughtswouldaffectparticularpeopleorplacesweremorelikelytoengageinenvironmentallyfriendlyactions.Manypeopleviewclimatechangeasadistantthreat.Buthavingthemimaginethetangible(有形的)consequencesofresultingdroughtsorfloodsmayhelpchangethisideaandencouragepro­environmentalbehavior,anewstudysuggests.Researchersasked93collegestudentstoreadareportontemperatureanomalies(异样)，floodsandotherclimatechange­relatedeventsthathaveaffectedtheisland.Thescientiststhenasked62oftheparticipantstowritedownthreewaysinwhichsuchphenomenamightimpacttheirfuturelives.Halfthepeopleinthatgroupwereinstructedtoimaginesuchsituationsindetail.Theremaining31studentsdidnotcompleteeitherthewritingorimaginingsteps,actingasacontrolgroup.Alltheparticipantsthenratedtheirideasofclimatechangerisksbyrespondingtoquestionssuchas“Howlikelydoyouthinkitisthatclimatechangeishavingseriousimpactsontheworld？”Theyusedascalefrom1(“veryunlikely”)to7(“verylikely”).Theaveragescorewashigheramongsubjectswhohadbeenaskedtoenvisiondetailedsituationsthanamongthosewhohadnot.Theresultswerelaterconfirmedinasecondexperimentinvolving102participants.Participantsinthefirstexperimentwhohadimaginedtheeffectsofclimatechangeweremorelikelytosaytheywoulduseairconditioninginanenergy­savingmanner.Inthesecondexperiment,nearlytwothirdsofpeopleinthevisualizing(想象)groupsigneduptohelpcleanabeach,comparedwith43percentinthenonvisualizingone.Andwhenofferedachoiceofavegetarian(素食主义的)ornonvegetarianlunchbox,nearlyhalfthevisualizersselectedtheenvironmentallyfriendliermeatlesschoice—comparedwithabout28percentofthenonvisualizers.Theresearchersdidnottrackpeopletoseeiftheybehaveddifferentlyintheirday­to­daylives—somethingfurtherstudiesshouldexamine,saysstudyco­authorWen­BinChiou.Moreover,theresearch“shouldbedoneagaininotherplaceswithotherpopulations，”saysRobertGifford,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofVictoriainBritishColumbia,whowasnotinvolvedinthework.Thefindingscouldbeappliedtoraisepublicconcernaboutclimatechange,Chiousays.Forexample,hesuggeststhatnewsreportsaboutthephenomenoncouldincludevividdescriptionsofitseffectsonpeople'slivesandaskreaderstoimagineexperiencingsuchimpacts.Havingvirtual­realitydemonstrations(展示)inlocalsciencemuseumsoftheconsequencesofclimatechangewouldbeanotherwayofputtingtheresearchintopractice,Chiouadds.这是一篇说明文。作者在文中向我们描述了一项新的探讨：假如让人们想象干旱或洪水的后果可能有助于他们变更“气候变更是一个遥远的威逼”这个观念，并激励有利于环境的行为。4．Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthestudyistrue?A．Onlyoneexperimentwascarriedoutforthestudy.B．ProfessorRobertGiffordplayedakeyroleinthestudy.C．Thecontrolgrouponlycompletedthewritingstepintheexperiment.D．Participantsaskedtoimaginedetailedeffectsscoredhigherthanthosewhoweren't.答案：D解析：细微环节理解题。由第四段“Theaveragescorewashigheramongsubjectswhohadbeenaskedtoenvisiondetailedsituationsthanamongthosewhohadnot”可知，被要求设想具体情景的受试者的平均得分高于未被要求设想具体情景的受试者的平均得分。故D选项正确。5．Futurestudieswillprobablybeaboutwhether________.A．itistrueofotherpopulationsinotherplacesB．moremoneywillbedonatedtothepeopleaffectedbyclimatechange­relatedeventsC．peoplechoosevegetarianlunchboxesintheirdailylivesD．climatechangewillcausepeopletothinkaboutjoininginacontrolgroup答案：D解析：推理推断题。由最终一段“Thefindingscouldbeappliedtoraisepublicconcernaboutclimatechange,Chiousays.Forexample,hesuggeststhatnewsreportsaboutthephenomenoncouldincludevividdescriptionsofitseffectsonpeople'slivesandaskreaderstoimagineexperiencingsuchimpacts.”可知，这些发觉可以用来引起公众对气候变更的关注。例如，他建议关于这一现象的新闻报道可以包括其对人们生活影响的生动描述，并要求读者想象经验这样的影响。所以推断出将来的探讨可能是关于气候变更是否将使人们考虑加入一个限制组。故选D。6．Toputtheresearchintopractice,Wen­BinChiousuggeststhat________.A．thegovernmentcallonpeopletolivealow­carbonlifeB．peopleuseairconditioninginanenergy­savingmannerC．peopleexperiencepossibleeffectsofclimatechangethroughvirtualrealityfacilitiesD．newsreportsprovidevividdescriptionsoftheeffectsofclimatechangeonpeopleslives答案：C解析：细微环节理解题。由最终一段“Havingvirtual­realitydemonstrations(展示)inlocalsciencemuseumsoftheconsequencesofclimatechangewouldbeanotherwayofputtingtheresearchintopractice,Chiouadds.”可知，Chiou补充说，在当地的科学博物馆里进行虚拟现实演示，展示气候变更的后果，是将这项探讨付诸实践的另一种方式。故C选项正确。7．Thepassagemainlytellsusthat________.A．differentpeoplemayhavedifferentreactionstoclimatechangeB．differentformsofclimatechangemayaffectpeople'sideasindifferentwaysC．peoplemaychangetheirbehaviorafterthinkingaboutthevividimpactsofclimatechangeD．collegestudentsshowgreatconcernforthepeopleaffectedbyclimatechange答案：C解析：主旨大意题。由短文其次段“Buthavingthemimaginethetangible(有形的)consequencesofresultingdroughtsorfloodsmayhelpchangethisideaandencouragepro­environmentalbehavior,anewstudysuggests.”可知，但一项新的探讨表明，让他们想象由此产生的干旱或洪水的后果可能有助于变更“气候变更是一个遥远的威逼”这一观念，并激励有利于环境的行为。并结合下文可知短文主要告知我们，人们在考虑到气候变更的生动的影响后，可能会变更他们的行为。故C选项正确。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.七选五)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Imagineanarea34timesthesizeofManhattan.Nowimagineitcoveredankle­deepinplasticwaste—atotalofabout19billionpoundsofgarbage.__1__.“We'rebeingoverwhelmed(沉没)byourwaste，”saidJennaJambeck,anenvironmentalengineerwholedthe2024studythatdeterminedthisastonishingnumber.__2__，unlesssomethingisdonetostopthetideofgarbage.Plastic—awidely­usedmaterial—hasinmanywaysbeenabenefittohumansbutithasalsocausedagrowingproblem.Today,plasticsaretheNo.1typeofgarbagefoundinthesea.OceanConservancy,anonprofitthatorganizesanannualcoastalcleanupeventworldwide,saidplasticwastemakesuparound85percentofthegarbagecollectedfrombeachesandoceans.OceanConservancysaysplasticsarebelievedtothreaten(威逼)atleast600differentwildlifespecies(物种).__3__；agrowingbodyofevidencesuggestshumansareconsumingplasticsthroughtheseafoodweeat.Aresearchsuggestssomeplasticscouldbepoisonoustohumans,andcouldpotentiallyincreasetheriskofhealthproblems.__4__.AttheEconomistWorldOceanSummitthisweek,tennationsannouncedtoreduceplasticsealitteraspartofUNEnvironment'sCleanSeascampaign.__5__.Corporationsalsohavearole,asdoindividuals.Wecanstartbythinkingtwicebeforeusingsingle­useplasticproducts—andwhenwedousethem,weshouldtakecaretoproperlythrowthemofforrecycle.A．ThefollowingiswhatweshoulddoB．Andit'snotjustwildlifethat'sthreatenedC．Andthisfigureislikelytodoubleby2025D．Butit'snotjustcountriesthatneedtodotheirpartE．By2050，thatfigureisexpectedtoriseto1,000piecesF．That'showmuchplasticwasteendsupinouroceanseveryyearG．Allofushaveanimportantroletoplayindealingwiththeproblems本文属于争论文，介绍塑料垃圾问题更加严峻，不但威逼野生动物，还影响人类自己，须要全世界通力合作。1．F解析：依据前一句Nowimagineitcoveredankle­deepinplasticwaste—atotalofabout19billionpoundsofgarbage.(想象一下它被深及脚踝的190亿磅塑料垃圾覆盖)可知，F选项“这就是每年流到海洋里面塑料垃圾的重量”与前文切题，故选F。2．C解析：依据后一句unlesssomethingisdonetostopthetideofgarbage.(除非实行一些措施来削减垃圾)可知，C选项“预料到2025年，这个数字可能翻倍”与后文形成条件关系，切题，故选C。3．B解析：依据后一句agrowingbodyofevidencesuggestshumansareconsumingplasticsthroughtheseafoodweeat.可知，越来越多的证据显示人类通过食用海产品也汲取了塑料。故B选项“不仅动物受到威逼”与下文形成递进关系，切题，故选B。4．G解析：依据本段后文tennations以及Corporations可知，这个问题须要全世界共同合作，G选项“全部人在处理这个问题上都能够起作用”切题，故选G。5．D解析：依据下一句Corporationsalsohavearole,asdoindividuals.可知，企业和个人也有作用，D选项“不仅仅是国家可以实行措施”切题，故选D。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ.读后续写)阅读下面短文，依据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Summervacationhadjustbegun,andAlexandMariawerereadytospendalldayoutside.Theydecidedtowalktotheneighborhoodpark,wheretherewasariverthattheylikedtoswiminwhenitwasparticularlyhot.Whentheygottotheriver,theysawthatitwastoodeeptoswimin.AlexandMariaweredisappointed.Ontheothersideoftheriver,aboutfiftyyardsaway,therewasafountainfromwhichthewaterisflowingout.“Weshouldgoplayinthefountain，”Mariasaid.“Howwillweget_there？”askedAlex.Marialookedaroundthegrassyriverbankandnoticedafewlogsandbrancheslyingclosetothewater.“Wecouldbuildabridge！”shesaid.Sheranovertoathicklogthatlookedlongenoughtobeplacedacrosstheriver.Together,sheandAlexliftedthelogontotheirshouldersandwalkedittothewater.Here,theystopped.Howwouldtheygetthebranchacross?Mariasuggestedthrowingitdownintothewaterandseeingifitreachedtheotherside.ThatseemedimpropertoAlex—whatifthebranchdidnotreachtheothersideoftheriver,andgotstuckorsweptawaybythewater?Thentheywouldbeunabletowalkallthewayacrosstheriver.Mariawonderediftheycouldmeasurethedistancefromtheriverbanktheystoodontotheothershore.Theyputthel