2022届北京市丰台区下学期高三二模英语试卷

北京市丰台区2021-2022学年度第二学期综合练习（二）高三英语2022.04本试卷100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。笔试（共三部分100分）第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Asoneofthemostcommonstudents.Ipulledmyselfthrougheverydayhopingtostayinvisible（隐形的），yetsomehowIwonderedwhyitwasimpossibleforanyoneelseto 1 me.Thenoneday,asimple 2 fromateacherchangedmylife.Thatday,Mr.Curtis,ourbanddirector,playedaB-flatpitchandaskedustotune（调音）ourinstrumentonebyone.Ashelistened，hisseriousfaceandimpatientstepsshowedhis3 witheachnote.Noone 4Myturnwascomingsoon,andIwasfearful.Ihadtoplayallbymyselfwhileotherssatandlistened!Ifelt 5 inmychair.“Maya!It'syourturn.Play!”“Itwasonlyanote.”Iclosedmyeyes,andtookmyturn.Iplayedmysinglenotequietly,andwithallthefeelingsIhadfeltthatyear.Ipouredmyheartintothatonemomentofmusic,andthesoundechoedsoftlythroughtheroom.Iwasrightonpitch,butIdidn't6 Mr.Curtis'sreaction.(Helookedatmeasifforthefirsttime;hisseriousfacerelaxedintoarelievedsmile.“ThatiswhatIhavebeen 7 !Thatwasaperfectnote!”AndthenhesaidsomethingIhaveneverforgotten.“Maya,thatonenotehasearnedyouan'A'thisyear.Keepitup.”Nobodycouldimaginemy 8 atthatmoment.Ihadremainedunnoticedforsolong,yetMr.Curtishelpedmeseemy9.Onerayoflightcameintotheshadowofmyschoollife,andaseedstartedtosprout（发芽）.ThankstoMr.Curtis，Ifoundaplaceto 101.A.see B.know C.save D.ask2.A.request B.explanation C.comment D.guidance3.A.dissatisfaction B.sympathy C.embarrassment D.confusion4.A.tried B.replied C.escaped D.left5.A.frozen B.puzzled C.disappointed D.ashamed6.A.receive B.change C.disturb D.expect7.A.payingfor B.waitingfor C.preparingfor D.applyingfor8.A.curiosity B.anxiety C.excitement D.calmness9.A.purpose B.potential C.responsibility D.challenge10.A.share B.hide C.rest D.grow第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。ASomebullettrainsdon'trunontracksatall.Theyflyoverthem.They 11 （call）maglevbullettrains（磁悬浮高速列车），andtheyusetwogroupsofmagnetstomove.Onegrouppushesthetrainsupandoffthetracksandtheothergrouppushesthetrainsforward, 12 makesthetrainsgomuchfasterandmakelessnoise,too.Theworld's 13 (fast)trainnowisamaglevtraininChina.Ithasamaximumspeedof600kilometersperhour.BPolioisascarydisease 14 (cause)childrentolosetheabilitytomoveandwalk.Morethan60yearsago,itfrightenedparentseverywhere.Tensofthousandsofchildren 15 (fall)tothedisease.Today,wedon'treallyneedtoworryaboutpolio.Inthemid-1950s,scientistscameupwithaspecialtreatmenttodecreasethechancesofgettingthedisease. 16 (give)tomillionsofchildrenaroundtheworld,thetreatmentsavedthemallandofferedthemagoodchanceata 17 (health)life.CGreatmagicianscanchangepeople'sattentioneasily.Theydoitwithgrandhandgestures.Theyalsodoit 18 askingquestionsandchangingthesubject.Anyonecanbeamagician,but19 (become)agreatone,youhavetoworkatit.Learningtricksisn'tenough.Youneedtodevelopyourperformanceandpeopleskills,too.Allofthose 20 (help)youputonagreatshowandsurprisepeoplewithyourmagic.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APicnicShelterReservationsVancouverParksandRecreationmaintainsfourcoveredpicnicsheltersthatareavailableforreservationatthefollowingparks:●FisherBasinCommunityPark●LeroyHaagenMemorialPark●MarineCommunityPark●MarshallCommunityParkPicnicsheltersareavailabletoreservebetweenMay1andSeptember30eachyear.Reservationsarefortheentiredaywithareservationfeeof$100.Whennotreserved,sheltersareavailableforfree.Reserveapicnicshelterbycalling360-487-7100.ShelterReservationCancellationPolicyIfcanceledonemonthormorebeforetherentaldate,100%ofthefeewillberefunded.Ifcanceled1-4weeksbeforetherentaldate,75%ofthefeewillberefunded.Norefundswillbegrantedifthereservationiscanceledlessthanoneweekpriortotherentaldate.FrequentlyAskedQuestionsQ:Isthereawaytofindoutifaneventisalreadyscheduledatapark?Yes.ContactMarshallCommunityCenterat360-487-7100tofindoutabouteventstakingplaceinourparks.Q：Whatamenities（设施）areincludedwithapicnicshelterreservation？Reservationsincludeuseofallpicnictableslocatedwithintheshelterandelectricity(thereisnoelectricityatMarinePark).Playgroundamenitiesandrestroomswillbesharedwiththepublic.ParkUsePermitsDependingonthetypeofeventyou'rehosting,youwillneedtogetaParkUsePermitfromVancouverParksandRecreation.AParkUsePermitgivesyoupermissiontobringspecialitemsandequipmentintothepark.21.Ifyoucancel3weeksbeforetherentaldate,howmuchmoneywillyougetback?A.$100. B.$75. C.$25. D.SO.22.Accordingtothepassage,Vancouverpicnicshelters A.don'tallowvisitorstohosteventsB.don'tofferpicnictablesorelectricityC.areavailabletoreserveallyearroundD.canbeusedforfreewhennotreserved23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplaintherulesofparkmanagement.B.Torecommendsheltersofdifferentparks.C.Tointroducethefunctionsofpicnicshelters.D.Toprovideinformationofshelterreservations.24.Whereisthispassagemostlikelyfrom?A.Abookreview. B.Anewsreport.C.Atravelbrochure. D.Asciencejournal.BFromsausagerollstosweetsandacoffeewithabin,thereweremanythingsthatmadeGregRobinsonsmile.Whenthefather-of-two,whowasinhis50s,diedsuddenlyinApril2021,hisfamily'slifewasturnedupsidedown.GregranagiftshopinhishometownofDonaghadce.Whetheritwasatwork,walkingthedog,withhislocalflutebandorjustoutinhisbelayedtown,hisfamilysaidGregmadetimeforthoseinneed.Now,ontheweekofhisfirstanniversary,hisfamilysharedsomeofthethingsthatmadehimsmilewiththeircommunity.“Wewantedtoplansomethingtogetherthatallowedustoputourenergyintosomethingpositiveandgiveussomethingpracticaltodo,whichweknewwouldhaveanimpactonothers,”theytoldthereporter.“Weknewthatbymakingotherssmile,weinturnwouldfeelthebenefitofthattoo.Wehaverealisedtheimportanceoflittlethingsthathavemadeussmilethroughoutthepastyear.”AsGreglovedhistownandthecommunity,allthegiftswerepurchasedlocally.Amongthemarevouchers（代金券）forabakery，forsomeofhisfavouritesausagerolls,anice-creamshopwhereheusedtobuyaquarterofsweets,andacafebecause“aweecoffeeandabunwouldhavemadedad'sfacelightupwithexcitement”.“Whensomeonedies,itisoftenthecasethatpeoplearescaredtomentionthelovedoneincaseitmakesyousad,butthejourneyhastaughtusthatthisisn'tthecase.Thewonderfulmemoriesofdadsharedbyourcommunitybringsomuchcomfort,”hisfamilysaid.“Welovethosetimeswhenwehearhowdadhadimpactedtheirlives,fromshowingkindnessasateenagerathighschool,tochattingawaytocustomersinhisshop,”theyadded.ForGreg'schildren,theywillbeforevergratefulfortheirdadteachingthem“tofocusonthepositivepartsoftheday,lookingforwaysthatwecanexpressgratitudeforeverydaythings”.25.WhatdoweknowaboutGregfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?A.Gregwasoftenreadytohelpothers.B.Greghadagreatpassionforcooking.C.Gregearnedhislivingbyplayinginaband.D.Greg'sdeathhadlittleimpactonhisfamily.26.Howdidthecommunityreactafterreceivingthegifts?A.TheygatheredandcomfortedGreg'sfamily.B.TheyexpressedsadnessaboutGreg'sdeath.C.TheywerestillafraidtotalkaboutGreg.D.TheysharedgoodmemoriesofGreg.27.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.AnActofKindnessinMemoryofGregB.UnusualWaystoThankGreg'sCommunityC.AHugeCelebrationofGreg'sFamilyReunionD.SpecialGiftstoRecordtheFamilyLifeofGregCItshouldn'tcomeasnewstoanyonethattheplanetismovingquicklytowardsaclimateemergency.Andfastfashioncertainlyplaysitspartinthis.Fastfashionbrands,whichreleasehundredsofnewstyleseveryweek,havecausedtrendscyclestospeeduprapidly,leadingtooverproductionandoverconsumption.Britishshoppersarebuyingtwiceasmuchaswedidadecadeagoandbothbrandsandconsumersarethrowingaway“unfashionable”clothingmoreoften-over£300,000ofitendsupinlandfilleveryyear.Howdowesolvethisissue?Oneanswerliesinthenewgenerationofmade-to-orderbrandsmakingtheirwayintothemainstream.Thesebrandsmakeclothesonlyasandwhenthey'reordered,andbecausethere'snooverproduction,lessunwantedstockendsupinlandfills.Theyalsopromoteaslowerfashionmodel,withpiecestakingbetweenthreeweeksandthreemonthstoarriveoncepurchased.Thefocusisoncreatingspecial,well-madepiecesforconsumerstotreasureforyearstocome.Made-to-orderfashionisnothingnew.Untilthemid-20thcentury,itwasthenorm.However,the1960sbroughtaboutthedawnoffastfashionandashiftinourrelationshipwithourclothes.Thevalueonceplacedoncraftsmanshipandqualitywasreplacedbythedesireforlowcostandvolume,resultingincut-costproductionandtheattitudethatclothingshouldbecheapanddisposable.Ofcourse,made-to-orderfashionhascontinuedtoexistalongsidethis,thoughresearchclearlyshowsthatfastfashionprevails（盛行）.Cueamade-to-orderbrandbringingbespoke（定制）backtothemainstream.SpanishbrandAlasfeaturesaslowbusinessmodel.Ittakesorderseachweekwhicharethenhandmadeanddeliveredinaboutthreeweeks.Italsorevolvesaroundanon-demandproductionprocessthatrewardsconsumersfor“pre-plannedresponsibleshopping.”Everyweek,theylaunchanewdrop,availabletopre-orderforadiscountedrateforalimitedtime.Frompre-order,Alasdetermineshowpopulareachnewitemisandcalculateshowmanyunitsshouldbeproducedtofulfillbothpre-ordersandfuturefull-priceorders,thereforereducingtheoverproductionofstock.Withmade-to-orderbrandsgrowinginpopularity,itbegsthequestion-couldthisbethedawnofanew,environmentallyresponsibleera?Theanswerisself-evident.28.Whatdothefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyshow?A.Ourstrongdesireforfashion.B.Thefastdevelopmentoffashionindustry.C.Theurgentneedforadifferentfashionmodel.D.Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesoffastfashion.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph5referto?A.Theshadowoffastfashion.B.Thevalueplacedonquality.C.Theshifttowardsagreenlifestyle.D.Thecriticismforcheapnessandquantity.30.WhatdoestheexampleofSpanishbrandAlastellus?A.Therewardmechanismisamustinslowfashion.B.Ittakespatienceandthoughttobuymade-to-orderitems.C.Thepre-ordermodelreducesthecostofpurchasingbrands.D.Consumershaveasayabouthowtheirordersareproduced.31.Asforthefutureofmade-to-orderfashion,theauthoris.A.anxious B.confident C.puzzled D.curiousDPeople'sdistrustinsciencehasledmanyscientiststotakeuparms(oratleastkeyboards)todefendtheirenterprise.Butintheireffortstofightbackagainstsciencedenial,somescientistssaythingsthatjustaren'ttrue-andyoucan'tbuildtrustifthethingsyouaresayingarenottrustworthy.Onepopularmoveistoinsistthatscienceisright-fullstop-andthatoncewediscoverthetruthabouttheworld,wearedone.Or,asfamousphysicistStevenSmithsaid,“Eventhoughascientifictheoryisinasenseasocialconsensus（共识），itisunlikeanyothersortofconsensusinthatitisculture-freeandpermanent.”Well,no.Evenamodestfamiliaritywiththehistoryofscienceoffersmanyexamplesofmattersthatscientiststhoughttheyhadresolved,onlytodiscoverthattheyneededtobereconsidered.Anotherpopularmoveistosayscientificfindingsaretruebecausescientistsuse“thescientificmethod.”Butwecanneveractuallyagreeonwhatthatmethodis.Somewillsayitistheobservationanddescriptionoftheworld.Otherswillsayitistheexperimentalmethod.Recentlyaprominentscientistclaimedthescientificmethodwastoavoidfoolingoneselfintothinkingsomethingistruethatisnot.Eachoftheseviewshasitsmerits,butiftheclaimisthatanyoneoftheseisthescientificmethod,thentheyallfail.Inpointoffact,themethodsofsciencehavevariedbetweendisciplinesandacrosstime.Inmyview,thebiggestmistakescientistsmakeistoclaimthatthisisallsomehowsimpleandthereforetoimplythatanyonewhodoesn'tgetitisstupid.Scienceisnotsimple,andneitheristhenaturalworld;thereinliesthechallengeofsciencecommunication.Whatwedoisbothhardand,often.hardtoexplain.Oureffortstounderstandandcharacterizethenaturalworldarejustthat:efforts.Becausewe'rehuman,weoftenfallnat.Thegoodnewsisthatwhenthathappens,wepickourselvesup,brushourselvesoff,andgetbacktowork.Scientifictheoriesarenotperfectreplicasofreality,butwehavegoodreasontobelievethattheycapturesignificantelementsofit.Andexperienceremindsusthatwhenweignorereality,itsoonerorlatercomesbacktobiteus.32.Paragraph2stressesthat A.scientifictheoriesmaychangewithtimeB.thefamiliaritywithscience'shistorymattersC.theunresolvedmattersshouldbereconsideredD.asocialconsensusisculture-freeandpermanent33.Accordingtothepassage,theauthormightagreethat A.itiscriticalforscientiststostaytruetorealityB.scienceputsanaccurateinterpretationonnatureC.thedefinitionsofthescientificmethodareoutdatedD.thecredibilityofscientifictheoriesisunderestimated34.Howdoestheauthorpersuadereadersinthispassage?A.Bystressingtheimportanceofscience.B.Bycomparingoppositeopinionsonscience.C.Byquestioningthewayscientificdiscoveriesaremade.D.Bypointingoutthefaultinclaimsmadebysomescientists.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howmanytimeshaveyouwonderedabouthowmuchbetterthingsmighthavebeeniftheyoungeryouhadmadedifferentdecisions?Or,haveyoubreathedasighofreliefwhenyourecognizethatoneofyourluckychoicesendedupmuchbetteroffthanyoumighthavebeen,ifthingshadgoneadifferentway?35l1isthebirthplaceofemotionssuchasregret,gratitude,andguilt.Picturinganalternativeoutcometowhathasactuallyhappenedinone'slifeholdsanirresistibleappeal,evenwhenitleadstounhappiness.Itisthereforenotsurprisingthatithasbecomeahottopicofresearchinsocialpsychology.Counterfactualthinkingoftenplaysoutinreal-timeonnationaltelevisionafteranaturaldisaster.36_Thevictimsareusuallyshakenandhighlyemotional,andtheyhaveoftenlosteverythingthattheyowned.Andyet,wecommonlyhearthemusewordssuchas“lucky”or“grateful"todescribetheirfeelings. 37..Ifthepersonhadreallybeenlucky,wouldn'ttheystillhaveahouseandhavebeensparedfromallofthegrieftheymustnowendure?Somepsychologistshavearguedthatoneofthebenefitsofcounterfactualthinkingisthatitcanbeaneffectivetoolformakingusmoreresilient（迅速复苏的）．38Thatpavesthewayforpositiveemotionsthatmighthelpthemthroughaverydarktimeintheirlives.Counterfactualthinkingissimplypartofwhoweare. 39 Manypsychologistsbelievethatitexiststohelpsuscrystallize（变明确）thegoalsthataremostimportanttousandtoimproveourabilitytowiselychoosefuturecoursesofaction.A.Atfirstglance,thisresponsedoesnotmakemuchsense.BThistypeofmental“what-ifism”iscalledcounterfactualthinking.C.Eventhoughitsometimesmakesussad,itcanalsodoussomegood.Theimaginationofalifehasbeentheinspirationfordozensofmovies.E.Newsreportersfrequentlyinterviewsurvivorswhohavebarelyescapedwiththeirlives.FThemoreimportanttheeventis,themoreintenseourcounterfactualthinkingaboutitwillbe.G.Themindofthecounterfactualthinkercaneasilyimaginecircumstancesthatwouldhavebeenevenworse.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Formany,theaterismorethanentertainment;itisavitalwaytobuildpsychologicalskills-especiallyempathy,orourability