寒假分层作业13 阅读理解专练（原卷版）-2024年七年级英语寒假培优练

PAGEPAGE1限时练习：40min完成时间：月日天气：作业13阅读理解专练初中阅读理解主要题型：细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题。其中细节理解题所占分值较大。细节理解题细节理解题包括：细节题、是非题、排序题、图表题、计算题。解题方法：1)读题干，选定关键词2)通过跳读的方式锁定相关句子3)结合信息对比4个选项进行信息加工转换（同义反义转换、图文转换、数字转换等）4)排除干扰项，筛选答案正确答案的特点：1)同义替换：答案一般将原文中的关键词进行了同义替换2)语言讲话：把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，设置为答案3)正话反说：把原文的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项干扰选项的特点：1)张冠李戴：是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容

2)无中生有：符合常识，但不是文章的内容

3)曲解文意：与原文内容及其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动

4)颠倒是非：意思上与原文很大不同或完全相反

5)正误参半：部分正确，部分错误推理判断题做此类题时，尽量考虑文中全部信息或事实，在通篇理解文章的基础上，运用逻辑思维，借助一定的常识，做出正确的推理和判断。做推理判断题要注意两点：一是推理，二是判断，两者密不可分。推断题结论要靠推断得出，而不是照搬原文。但是，推理时务必忠实于原文，在文章中寻找可推论的线索和依据，切忌随意揣测，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。解决此类题要注意：一是与原文相同的细节不能选；二是不能跳出文章做推断。正确选项的特点：1)正确选项一般含义比较丰富，具有一定的综合性和概括性；2)正确选项的表述一般不会太绝对，而是会用一些相对宽泛的词汇，如often,usually,sometimes,some,may,might,can,could,possibly,probably等；3)正确选项有时候与通过常识判断得出的结论相反，要特别注意。干扰选项的特点：1)只是原文的简单复述，而非推断出的结论；2)看似从原文推断出来的结论，然而实际上与原文不符；3)根据常识判断是正确的，然而不是在文章事实或上下文逻辑基础上推理而得出的观点；4)虽然以文章提供的事实或内在逻辑为依据，但推理过头、概括过度；5)部分选项的内容纯属编造。三、主旨大意题解题技巧：抓住主题句：a.首尾段：开门见山/总结概括；b.各段首句（段落主题句）看但是，抓结果：转折词(but,yet,however)之后的句子、因果词(so,because...)之后的句子。

3)特别注意中文提示词和重复次数最多的名词四、词义猜测题1)代入，在语境中理解猜测

2)构词法阅读单选Doyoulovefastfood?Why?Howoftendoyoueatit?200peoplejoinedoursurvey（调查）.Andhereistheresult.1．6%ofthepeopleeatfastfood________.A．twiceaweek B．threetimesaweek C．morethanthreetimesaweek D．everyday2．44peoplelovefastfoodbecauseit’s________.A．cheap B．delicious C．healthy D．convenient3．________ofthepeoplelikefastfoodbecausetheycantakeitaway.A．12% B．14% C．22% D．24%4．Whatcanwelearnfromtheresult?A．Allpeoplelovefastfood. B．Fastfoodmakespeoplefat.C．Peopleeatfastfoodonweekends. D．Somepeopledon’tknowwhatfoodishealthier.二、阅读单选EdinburghisthecapitalcityofScotland.It’sanimportantindustrial,politicalandbusinesscentre,withapopulationofabout450,000people,andit’salsoabusytouristcity.It’sontheeastcoastofScotland.TherearemanylandmarkbuildingsinthecitysuchasEdinburghCastleandtheScottishParliament,aswellasmanyinterestingmuseumsandartgalleries(美术馆).Peoplesometimescallit“TheAthensoftheNorth”.Edinburghisalsoanimportantcentreforculture.TheEdinburghFestivaltakesplaceeveryJulyandattractspeoplefromallovertheworld.Edinburghisalsofamousasthehomeofwell-knownwriterssuchasJ.K.Rowling,whowroteHarryPotter,andSirWalterScott,whowrotemanynovelsaboutScottishlife.Thereisastatueofhiminthecentreofthecity,theScottMonument.TheOldTownisaverygoodareaforshopping.Thestreetsareverynarrow,andit’salwayscrowdedwithtouristsandshoppers,especiallyatweekends.There’salsoastreetmarketonSaturdaymorningswhereyoucanfindallkindsofartsandcrafts.Edinburghisagreatplacetovisit,ortolive.Butifyoucometovisit,bringsomewarmclothesbecauseitcangetcold,especiallyintheevening!1．Edinburghisanimportantcenterof.①culture②politics③history④industry⑤businessA．①②③④ B．①②④⑤ C．①③④⑤ D．①②③⑤2．Accordingtothe2ⁿᵈparagraph,whatcanwedoinEdinburgh?A．VisitthehomeofHarryPotter.B．Buysomeartworksinastreetmarket.C．TakepartinEdinburghFestivalinJune.D．TakephotoswiththestatusofJ.K.Rowling.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertointhe2ⁿᵈparagraph?A．Edinburgh.B．Thestreets.C．TheOldTown.D．Thestreetmarket.4．WhatisNOTintroducedinthepassage?A．WaystogettoEdinburgh.B．ThelocationofEdinburgh.C．WhattowearinEdinburgh.D．ThefamousbuildingsinEdinburgh.5．Whatkindofarticleisthis?A．Adiary B．Aposter. C．Acitymap. D．Atourguide.一、阅读单选Alotofpeopleplaysports,butveryfewpeoplebecomesportsprofessionals(专家).Ifsportsaren’tgoingtobeyourfuture,thenwhyshouldyouplaythem?Whyshouldyoutraineveryday?Whyshouldyouworkhardandfeelsorethenextday?Wouldn’titbebettertoforgetsportsandonlypayattentiontoyourlessons?Infact,therearealotofreasonstoplaysports.Firstofall,sportsareagreatwaytoexercise.Exercisingkeepsyouhealthyandstrong.Italsohelpsyoustayinagoodcondition.Whenyouexercise,yourbodymakesendorphinswhichgiveyoumoreenergyandmakeyoufeelhappier.Also,sportsteachyoungpeoplehowtocommunicateandworkasateam.Theyteachyoungpeopletorespect(尊重)theircoaches,teammatesandplayersfromtheotherteam.Manyreportssaythatsportshelpyoungpeoplestayoutoftrouble.Ifayoungpersonplayssports,heorshemayhavefewerproblems.Thisisbecausesportsteachpeopleaboutrules.Theyalsoteachpeoplethatiftheyworkhard,theymightsucceed.Anothergoodwayofsportsisthattheymakepeopleleavetheirhouses.Thesedays,alotofpeoplespendtoomuchtimewatchingtelevisionandplayingvideogames.Whenyouplaysports,yougooutsideandexerciseinthesun.Youtakeinfreshair.Allofthesethingsareimportant.Maybeyou’renotgoingtobecomeasportsprofessional,butthatdoesn’tmatter,sportswillhelpyoubecomeabetterandhappierperson.1．Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingistrueaboutsports?A．Whenendorphinsaremadeinourbody, wewillgetangryeasily.B．Ifyoungpeopledomoresports,theywillhavemoreproblems.C．Whendoingsports,weshouldrespecteveryoneinthegame.D．Moreindoorexercisecanbringpeoplehappinessandhealth.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inParagraph3referto?A．Reports. B．Sports. C．Problems. D．Rules.3．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．SportsAreJustForProfessionals. B．SportsTeachPeopleToWorkHard.C．SportsAreGoodForPeople. D．SportsMakePeopleGoOutside.4．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructure(结构)ofthepassage?(P=Paragraph)A． B． C． D．二、阅读单选Thefourtravellersseeabeautifulgreenlightintheskyinfrontofthem.“That’stheEmerald（翡翠）City,”Dorothysays.“Comeon!Itisn’tfarnow.”Soontheycometoabiggreenwall.There’sagateinit.It’sshiningintheafternoonsun.Dorothylooksatitcarefully.It’smadeofemeralds!Sheknocksonthedoor.Thegateopensandtheyallgoinside.Alittlemaningreenclothesisstandingtherewithabigbox.“WhatdoyouwantintheEmeraldCity?”hesays.“WewanttoseetheGreatOz,”Dorothyanswers.“It’simportant,”theScarecrowsays.“IamtheKeeperoftheGate,”thelittlemaningreensays.“IcantakeyoutohisPalace.Butbeforeyougothere,youmustputontheseglasses.”Hetakesfivepairsofglassesoutofthebox.Theglassintheglassesisemeraldgreen.“Why?”Dorothyasks.“EveryoneintheEmeraldCitywearsthem,”theKeeperoftheGatesays.Theyputontheglasses.Totohasapair,too.ThentheKeepertakesoutabiggoldkeyandopensanothergate.Dorothyissurprised.Everythingisgreen-thehousesandthestreets.Theskyisalsogreen.Childrenarebuyinggreenjuicewithgreenmoney.Meningreenclothesaredrivinggreencarsalongthegreenstreets.Everybodyissmiling.TheKeeperoftheGatetakesthemtoabigbuildinginthemiddleofthecity.Ozcannotseethemtoday,sotheymuststayinthePalaceforafewdays.Ayounggirltakesthemtotheirrooms.Theseroomsarebeautifulandcomfortable.Theyfeelverytirednow.—TakenfromTheWonderfulWizardofOz《绿野仙踪》1．WhydoDorothyandherfriendsgototheEmeraldCity?A．BecausetheywanttoseeOz. B．Becausetheywanttobuyjui