第04讲 动词不定式-2024年八年级英语寒假提升学与练（原卷版）

PAGEPAGE1第04讲动词不定式目录考点聚焦：核心考点聚焦，有的放矢重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破核心考点聚焦一、动词不定式作宾语1.在动词want，hope，wouldlike，decide，wish，choose，try，need等后常用动词不定式作宾语。Ihope______(hear)fromyousoon.2.think/find/feel/makeit+adj.+todosth.Hefounditdifficult_______(go)tosleep.3.stoptodosth./stopdoingsth.stoptodosth.停下来去做某事stopdoingsth.停止正在做的事Afterworkingforalongtime,hehastostop_______(have)arest.Hewasverytired,sohehadtostop______(work).二、动词不定式作宾语补足语1.带to的不定式作宾补ask/like/wouldlike/teach/tell/want/help+sb.+todosth.Pleaseaskhim_________(come)quickly.2.省掉to的不定式作宾补let/make/hear/see/notice/have/watch+sb.+dosth.注：省掉to的不定式的句子变被动语态时，需要还原to。Hemadethebaby_______(stop)crying.Thebabywasmade___________(stop)crying.三、动词不定式作主语1.动词不定式用作句子的主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。2.常用it作形式主语，而将不定式放在句子后面。Todosth.+谓语动词+adj./n.=It+谓语动词+adj./n.+todosth.Togetaninjectionisalittlepainful.=__________alittlepainful________aninjection.四、动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语放在被修饰词之后，即名词或代词+todo(介词)。注：若构成不定式的动词为不及物动词，其后加上相应的介词。Iwantapentowrite______.Iwantapieceofpapertowrite______.五、动词不定式与疑问词连用疑问词+todosth.注：在宾语从句中，若主从句的主语一致，则宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+todosth”。CanyoutellmehowIcangettothehospital?=Canyoutellme_________________thehospital.六、动词不定式作状语1.在come/go/leave后面接动词不定式作目的状语。Hecamehere______(get)hisbook.2.表语形容词（sorry/sad/happy/glad/afraid/pleased）后，用动词不定式作原因状语。Hewasglad_______(see)hiswife.3.在too…to…,not…enoughto…句型中，动词不定式作结果状语。Hewastootired_______(walk)on.七、动词不定式的否定形式在动词不定式的前面加not。Hetoldme_______(notstay)here.动词不定式符号的省略和保留情况1.动词不定式符号的省略情况两个或两个以上的动词不定式并列时，第一个不定式符号不能省略，其余的省掉to，但两者有对比关系时，to都不能省略。Edison’smothertaughthimtowriteandread.Ihaven’tdecidedtogohomeortogotothecinema.2.省掉不定式而保留动词不定式符号to的情况在上文或者上句中出现某一动词，下文中含有want，decide，like，love，hope，refuse或“形容词glad等+不定式作宾语”结构，要省去动词原形，只保留动词不定式符号to。—Willyoutakeawalkwithme?—I’mgladto.—Wouldyouliketojoinmybirthdayparty?—Iwouldloveto.真题感知1．（2023·湖北荆州·中考真题）IhavedecidedtogotoBeijingand________oneofmyoldfriendsthere.A．visiting B．visited C．visits D．visit2．（2023·西藏·统考中考真题）Ourartteacherencouragesus________colorfulthingsinlife.A．lookfor B．looksfor C．lookingfor D．tolookfor3．（2019·河南·统考中考真题）—Doyoualwaysgetupsoearly?—Yes.________thefirstbus.Myhomeisfarawayfromschool.A．Tocatch B．Catching C．Caught D．Catches4．（2023·河北·统考中考真题）—OurschoolwillinviteMr.Wang________usatalkonenvironmentalprotectionnextweek.—That’swonderful!A．give B．togive C．giving D．gave5．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）—Itisconvenient________us________thingsonline.—Soitis.A．for;tobuy B．of;tobuy C．for;buy6．（2022·辽宁大连·统考中考真题）Ihope________inmyhometownafterIfinishschool.A．work B．works C．working D．towork7．（2020·甘肃天水·统考中考真题）Readingisagoodway________theworld.A．forknow B．forknows C．toknow D．toknows8．（2023·四川甘孜·统考中考真题）Mikemadefacestomakehislittlebrother__________.A．laughs B．laugh C．tolaugh D．laughing9．（2022·广西百色·中考真题）Ourteacheroftentellsus_________acrosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightisred.A．go B．going C．don’tgo D．nottogo10．（2020·湖南长沙·统考中考真题）Weareglad________thattraditionalChinesemedicinecanworkwondersinpreventingsomediseases.A．know B．toknow C．knowing11．（2022·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）Kitty,thesebooksare________heavyforyou________carry.Letmehelpyou.A．as…as B．too…to C．such…that D．so…that12．（2021·江苏南通·统考中考真题）Thecommunityworkerispatientenough________totheoldhowtouseHealthCode(码).A．explain B．explains C．toexplain D．explaining13．（2023·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题）________thequalityofPEclasses,someschoolsputsmarttechnologyintouse.A．Improving B．Toimprove C．Improve D．Improved14．（2023·山西晋中·中考真题）—Safetyisveryimportanttoallofus.—Iagree.Westudentsshouldlearn________ourselvesinthedailylife.A．wheretohold B．whattovisit C．howtoprotect D．whytohelp15．（2023·湖南长沙·中考真题）Today,wemustcontinueworking________ourskiesblue,waterscleanandlandsclear.A．keep B．tokeep C．keeping16．（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）It’simportantforthedisabled________theabilitytomakealiving.A．tohave B．have C．having D．has17．（2022·吉林长春·统考中考真题）________heavytraffic,pleasegetupandsetoutearly.A．Toavoid B．Avoid C．Avoiding D．Avoided18．（2022·湖南益阳·统考中考真题）—Tom,doyouthinkreadingisimportant?—Yes,Ido.SoIdecide________moretimereadingfromnowon.A．spend B．tospend C．spending提升专练一、单项选择1．It’sveryimportantforhim________Englishwell.A．studies B．studying C．tostudy D．studied2．________theworkontime,alltheworkerskeptworkingfor12hourswithoutresting.A．Finish B．Finishing C．Tofinish D．Finished3．Afterthinkingtwice,shedecided________inFrance.A．toliving B．living C．tolive4．It’syourownbusiness,soit’suptoyou________.A．todecide B．decide C．deciding5．—Whyareyoulookingsohungry?—Isleptatmygrandma’slastnight.And________theearlybustoschoolthismorning,Ididn’teatbreakfast.A．catch B．catching C．tocatch D．caught6．Thatmanwasfunnyandmadeallpeopleinthehall________.A．laugh B．laughed C．tolaugh7．Mybrotherhasastomachacheand________toseeadoctor.A．needsgo B．needtogo C．needstogo8．Everymorning,Timoftenseessomegroupsofmiddle-agedwomen________inthesquare.A．dance B．todance C．dances D．danced9．—Wouldyouliketogoswimmingintheriver,John?—Sorry,myparentsdon’tallowme________intheriver.A．swim B．swimmingC．toswim D．toswimming10．—Doyouknowhow________theblender?—Sorry,Idon’tknow.A．open B．toopen C．turn D．toturnon11．—Canyoushowme________tousetheblender?—Sure,noproblem.Let’sturnitonfirst.A．when B．where C．how D．why12．Mr.Liadvisedme________hikingeverymonthtoimprovemyphysicalhealth.A．go B．going C．togo13．—Ican’tdecide________formymother’sbirthday.—Howaboutmakingamealbyyourself?A．whentoprepare B．whattodo C．wheretobuyagift14．Mygrandmotherexpects________thesoapoperaagain.A．watched B．watching C．watches D．towatch15．Janeisverykind.Shemadeastrawberrycake________thesadboyup.A．cheer B．cheering C．tocheer16．Manypeopleliketowatchothers________football.A．played B．play C．plays D．toplay17．Ifind________hardforme________theworkinsuchashorttime.A．it;finishing B．it’s;finish C．it;tofinish D．it;finish18．Beckyisthe