2024年高考英语大一轮复习课时作业31Module1SmallTalk含解析外研版

PAGEPAGE8课时作业31Ⅰ.阅读理解(绥德中学高三阶段性测试)Areyousickofgoingtobedlateandwakinguptired?Thengrabyourhikingbootsandatent.Anewstudysuggeststhatcampinginthegreatoutdoorsforacoupleofdayscanresetyourbodyclockandhelpyougetmoresleep.Thebodyclockisaninternalsystemthattellsourbodieswhenit'stimetogotosleepandwhenit'stimetowakeup.Scientiststrackthisclockbymeasuringtheamountofmelatonin(褪黑激素)circulatinginaperson'sbloodatanygiventime.Inahealthysleeper,melatoninlevelsriseafewhoursbeforebedtime,stayhighthroughthenight,andthensettlebackdownwhenit'stimetowakeup.Inourmodernsociety,however,mostofusstayupmanyhourspastsunsetandwouldprobablysleepinmanyhoursaftersunriseifwecould.Andthetroubleis,yourmelatoninlevelsmaystillbehighwhenyouralarmclockgoesoffinthemorning,whichleadstofatigue.Itmayalsohaveotherhealthconsequencesaswell,suchasdiabetes(糖尿病),overweightandheartdisease.ProfessorKennethWrightoftheUniversityofColoradointheUSwantedtoseeifourbodyclockscanberesetbyashortstayinnature.Histeamrecruited(招募)fourteenphysicallyactivevolunteersintheir20sand30s.Ninewentonaweekendcampingtrip,whiletheotherfivestayedhome.Attheendoftheweekend,theresearchersreportedthatinjusttwodays,thecampers'bodyclockshadshiftedsothattheirmelatoninlevelsbegantorisemorethananhourearlierthantheydidbeforetheyleftonthetrip.Bycontrast,thebodyclocksofthegroupthatstayedhomeshiftedevenlateroverthecourseoftheweekend.“Thistellsuswecanresetourclocksfast，”Wrightsaid.Therefore,ifyouwanttochangeyoursleeppatternsyoucouldtrytoincreaseyourexposuretonaturallightduringthedayanddecreasetheamountofartificiallightyouseeatnight.Andifthatdoesn'twork,there'salwayscamping.本文为说明文。生物钟对人体的影响很大。生物钟如遭到破坏，可能会影响人的健康，如患糖尿病，身体肥胖，心脏病，尤其是影响我们的睡眠。一项新探讨称几天的户外露营便可以重启你的生物钟，帮助你改善睡眠。1．Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeofwritingthepassage?A．Toexplainhowalackofsleepisbadforourhealth.B．Toinformusofapossiblewaytoadjustthebodyclock.C．Toanalyzehowthebodyclockinfluencesoursleepinghabits.D．Toexplorehowthebodyclockisconnectedwithmelatoninlevels.答案：B解析：推理推断题。第一段中的Anewstudysuggeststhatcampinginthegreatoutdoorsforacoupleofdayscanresetyourbodyclockandhelpyougetmoresleep.一项新的探讨表明，在户外露营几天可以重置你的生物钟，帮助你获得更多的睡眠。及最终一段Therefore，ifyouwanttochangeyoursleeppatternsyoucouldtrytoincreaseyourexposuretonaturallightduringthedayanddecreasetheamountofartificiallightyouseeatnight.Andifthatdoesn'twork，there'salwayscamping.因此，假如你想变更你的睡眠模式，你可以试着增加白天暴露在自然光下的量，削减晚上看到的灯光的量。假如这不起作用，还可以露营。由此可知这是告知我们一种调整人的生物钟的方法。B正确。2．Theunderlinedword“fatigue”inParagraph4probablymeans“________”．A．tiredness B．excitementC．refreshment D．pressure答案：A解析：揣测词义题。结合第四段中的yourmelatoninlevelsmaystillbehighwhenyouralarmclockgoesoffinthemorning早上闹钟响起的时候，体内的褪黑色素还依旧保持较高水平，因此就会使人感到劳累。可知“fatigue”指的是疲惫的。A正确。3．WhatdidWright'steamdiscoverfromtheirexperiment?A．Thebodyclocksofthetwogroupsdidn'tshowmuchdifference.B．Thebodyclocksofthosewhostayedathomeremainedthesame.C．Thosestayingoutdoorsresettheclockinsidetheirbodiesoverashortperiod.D．Changestothebodyclockdon'tnecessarilyaffectmelatoninlevelsinourbodies.答案：C解析：细微环节理解题。依据五段中的Attheendoftheweekend，theresearchersreportedthatinjusttwodays，thecampers'bodyclockshadshiftedsothattheirmelatoninlevelsbegantorisemorethananhourearlierthantheydidbeforetheyleftonthetrip.Bycontrast，thebodyclocksofthegroupthatstayedhomeshiftedevenlateroverthecourseoftheweekend.周末结束时，探讨人员报告说，仅仅两天内，露营者的生物钟就变更了，褪黑激素水平比他们出门旅行前提前了一个多小时起先上升。由此可推断出Wright的团队经过对比两组人群的睡眠表现发觉，我们可以在短时间内调整生物钟。故选C项。4．Accordingtothepassage,tochangeoursleepinghabit,we'dbetter________.A．setanalarmclocktowakeusupontimeinthemorningB．trytoreducemelatoninlevelsasmuchaspossibleatnightC．spendseveralweeksstayingintheopenaireverynowandthenD．getexposedtomorenaturallightinthedaybutlessartificiallightatnight答案：D解析：细微环节理解题。依据最终一段ifyouwanttochangeyoursleeppatternsyoucouldtrytoincreaseyourexposuretonaturallightduringthedayanddecreasetheamountofartificiallightyouseeatnight.得知，白天暴露在自然光下，晚上削减可见的人造光线，就可以改善我们的睡眠习惯。D项符合题意。Ⅱ.完形填空(新余四中高三段考)AnAmericanbusinessmanwhotravelledinsouthernMexicometwithoneyoungMexicanfishermanrowingasmallboatatthedock(码头)．Insidetheboatwereseverallarge__1__.Enjoyingthewarmthofthesun,theAmerican__2__theMexicanforthequalityofhisfish.HethoughttheymustbringtheMexicanlotsofmoney.“Howlongdidittakeyouto__3__them？”theAmericanasked.“Oh,afewhours，”theMexicanfisherman__4__.“Whydon'tyou__5__longerandcatchmorefish？”thebusinessmanthenasked.TheMexicananswered,“WiththesefishIhavemorethanenoughto__6__myfamily.”Thebusinessmanthenbecame__7__，“Butwhatdoyoudowiththerestofyour__8__？”Withasmile,thefishermananswered,“I__9__withmychildren,watchballgames,seemyfriends,singsongs.”TheAmericanbusinessmancutin,“Look,IhaveanMBA,andIcanhelpyou__10__moremoney.Youcanstartbyfishingseveralhourslongereveryday.Youcanthensellthe__11__fishyoucatch.Withthemoney,youcanbuyabiggerboat,thenathirdone,andsoon,__12__youhaveanentirefleet(船队)offishingboats.Youcouldleaveyourvillageandmovetoabigcity,whereyoucouldevenfurther__13__yourbusiness.Finally,you'llbeabletosetupyourcompanyandbecomevery__14__.Whatdoyouthink？”Havingnever__15__suchthings,theMexicanfishermanasked,“Really?__16__wouldIdowithitall？”Thebusinessmansaidproudly,“Thenyoucould__17__retire(退休)withallthemoney.Youcould__18__toyourpeacefulfishingvillagewhereyoucouldplaywithyourgrandchildren,andwatchballgames.Andyoucould__19__yourfriendsoftenandsingwiththem.”Thestorytellsus:Knowwhatreallymattersinlife,andyoumayfindthatitisalreadymuch__20__thanyouthink.本文主要讲解并描述要知道你生命中最重要的是什么，你或许会发觉你距离你的目标可能更近了，人要知足常乐。1．A.equipment B．clothC．wood D．fish答案：D解析：考查名词。A.equipment设备；B.cloth衣服；C.wood木头；D.fish鱼。句意：船里有几条大鱼。因为上文说的是墨西哥人是渔民。故选D。2．A.terrified B．praisedC．puzzled D．spotted答案：B解析：考查形容词。A.terrified恐惊的；B.praised表扬的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.spotted弄脏的。句意：享受着暖和的阳光，那个美国人夸奖了墨西哥人他的鱼的质量。故选B。3．A.catch B．eatC．feed D．sell答案：A解析：考查动词。A.catch抓到；B.eat吃；C.feed喂；D.sell卖。句意：你花了多长时间抓到了这些鱼？故选A。4．A.agreed B．doubtedC．replied D．promised答案：C解析：考查动词。A.agreed同意；B.doubted怀疑；C.replied回复；D.promised许诺。依据上句“Howlongdidittakeyouto__3__them？”theAmericanasked.可知，你花费了多长时间抓到了这些鱼？这是美国人问的问题，墨西哥人要作出回答。故选C。5．A.giveup B．digdownC．settleback D．stayout答案：D解析：考查动词短语。A.giveup放弃；B.digdown掘倒；C.settleback安排下来；D.stayout在外逗留。句意：你为什么不在外面多留一段时间，抓更多的鱼？故选D。6．A.avoid B．supportC．show D．understand答案：B解析：考查动词。A.avoid避开；B.support支持；C.show展示；D.understand理解。句意：用这些鱼，我已经足够养我的家了。故选B。7．A.angry B．seriousC．excited D．sad答案：B解析：考查形容词。A.angry生气的；B.serious肃穆的；C.excited激烈的；D.sad难受的。依据下句Butwhatdoyoudowiththerestofyour__8__？可知，但是你剩余的时间做什么呢？说明美国商人特别肃穆。故选B。8．A.time B．moneyC．food D．work答案：A解析：考查名词。A.time时间；B.money金钱；C.food食物；D.work工作。句意：但是你剩余的时间做什么呢？故选A。9．A.fight B．dealC．play D．meet答案：C解析：考查动词。A.fight战斗；B.deal应付；C.play玩；D.meet遇到。句意：我和孩子们玩，看足球竞赛，探望我的挚友，唱歌。故选C。10．A.spend B．borrowC．make D．save答案：C解析：考查动词。A.spend花费；B.borrow借；C.make赚得；D.save节约。句意：我能帮助你挣更多的钱。故选C。11．A.small B．deadC．extra D．last答案：C解析：考查形容词。A.small小的；B.dead死的；C.extra额外的；D.last最终的。依据上句Youcanstartbyfishingseveralhourslongereveryday.可知，你可以每天多捕鱼几小时，然后把额外的鱼卖掉。故选C。12．A.until B．thoughC．because D．if答案：A解析：考查连词。A.until直到；B.though尽管；C.because因为；D.if假如。依据上句Withthemoney,youcanbuyabiggerboat,thenathirdone,andsoon可知，用这些钱去买一艘大船，然后更多的船，直到你拥有整个船队。故选A。13．A.start B．expandC．leave D．plan答案：B解析：考查动词。A.start起先；B.expand扩大；C.leave离开；D.plan安排。句意：在大城市你可以把你的生意扩大。故选B。14．A.rich B．confidentC．healthy D．clever答案：A解析：考查形容词。A.rich富的；B.confident自信的；C.healthy健康的；D.clever聪慧的。句意：你将建立你的公司，变得更富有。故选A。15．A.reliedon B．sufferedfromC．thoughtof D．setdown答案：C解析：考查动词短语。A.reliedon依靠；B.sufferedfrom患；C.thoughtof想过；D.setdown放下。依据下句“Really”可知，墨西哥人没有想过那个问题。故选C。16．A.What B．WhenC．Where D．Why答案：A解析：考查连词。A.What什么；B.When什么时候；C.Where哪里；D.Why为什么。句意：我用那些钱干什么呢？故选A。17．A.regretfully B．happilyC．carefully D．tiredly答案：B解析：考查副词。A.regretfully缺憾地；B.happily华蜜地；C.carefully细致地；D.tiredly乏累地。句意：你能够拥有全部的钱华蜜地退休。故选B。18．A.devote B．leadC．return D．refer答案：C解析：考查动词。A.devote捐献；B.lead带领；C.return返回；D.refer所指。句意：你可以回到渔村和你的子孙一起玩。故选C。19．A.judge B．visitC．remind D．find答案：B解析：考查动词。A.judge推断；B.visit探望；C.remind提示；D.find发觉。句意：你能够常常去探望你的挚友，同他们一起唱歌。故选B。20．A.closer B．simplerC．slower D．wider答案：A解析：考查形容词。A.closer更近的；B.simpler更简洁的；C.slower更慢的；D.wider更广的。句意：这个故事告知我们：要知道你生命中最重要的是什么，你或许会发觉你距离你的目标可能更近了。故选A。Ⅲ.语法填空(湛江市高三调研考试)Doyouliketraveling?__1__(stay)healthywhiletravelingcanhelptoensureyourtripisahappyandenjoyableone.Ifyouaretravelingabroad，herearethetipsyouneedtomakeyourtipmuch__2__(easy)．Makesureyouhavegotasignedpassportandavisa.Also,__3__yougo，fillintheemergencyinformationpageofyourpassport！Maketwocopiesofyourpassportidentificationpage.Thiswillhelpalotifyourpassport__4__(steal).Leaveonecopyathomewithfriendsorrelatives.Carrytheother__5__youinaseparateplacefromyourpassport.ReadthePublicAnnouncementsorTravelWarningsforthecountriesyouplantovisit.Get__6__(you)familiarwithlocallawsandcustomsofthecountriesto__7__youaretraveling.Leaveacopyofyouritinerary(旅行安排)withyourfamilyorfriendsathomesothatyoucanbecontactedincaseof__8__emergency.Donotacceptpackagesfromstrangers.Donotcarrytoomuchmoneyor__9__(necessary)creditcards.Ifwemakeenoughpreparations，wewill__10__(success).Haveagoodtimer.文章讲解并描述了我们如何在旅行中照看好自己。首先要留意放松，不要太累；其次要有好的睡眠；同时还要吃健康的食物，只有这样才能好好的享受旅游。1．Staying/To_stay解析：此处是动名词或动词不定式作主语，故答案为Staying/Tostay。2．easier解析：much放在比较级前面，修饰比较级加强语气。可知答案为easier。3．before解析：句意：在你去以前，填写护照的紧急状况信息页。此处是before引导的时间状语从句，答案为before。4．is_stolen解析：主句用一般将来时态，则从句要用一般现在时态，passport和steal之间是被动关系，所以此空用一般现在时态的被动语态，答案为isstolen。5．with解析：carrysth.withsb.某人随身携带，可知答案为with。6．yourself解析：句意：使你自己熟识你要旅游国家的法律和风俗习惯。依据句意可知用反身代词，答案为yourself。7．which解析：句意：使你自己熟识你要旅游国家的法律和风俗习惯。此处countries作先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作介词to的宾语，可知答案为which。8．an解析：句意：万一须要急救。emergency以元音音素开头，故填an。9．unnecessary解析：句意：不要携带太多的钱和没必要的信用卡。答案为unnecessary。10．succeed解析：句意：我们将胜利。will后面跟动词原形。可知答案为succeed。Ⅳ.短文改错(石嘴山一中高三月考)DearMrZhang，Knownthatourschoolisgoingtosetupelective(选修的)Englishcourses,I'dliketogivesomeadvices.EnglishVisual­Audio­OralCourseisagoodchoice.MostofusareinterestedatEnglishvideosandsongs,thatprovideuswithgreatimagesandbeautifulmusictolistento.Asresult,wecanenjoysomelocalcustomsand