高考英语典型陷阱题详解7定语从句

2012高考英语典型陷阱题详解7定语从句1.Thefactorywasbuiltinasecretplace,around______highmountains.A.whichwasB.itwasC.whichwereD.themwere【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的which和it误认为是其后句子的主语。【分析】最佳答案是C，aroundwhichwerehighmountains是一个由"介词+which"引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是highmountains，aroundwhich是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数was.请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：（1）Yesterdaywevisitedamodernhospital,around_______somefruitshops.A.whichisB.itisC.whichareD.themare（2）Themurderhappenedinanoldbuilding,beside______thecitypolicestation.A.whichareB.itisC.whichisD.themare（3）Nextmonthwe'llmovetoanewbuilding,nextto_______anicerestaurantwherewecanhaveChinesefood.A.whichareB.itisC.whichisD.themare2.Amanwithableedinghandhurriedinandasked,"Isthereahospitalaround______Icangetsomemedicineformywoundedhand?"A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what【陷阱】容易误选B，认为around是介词，选which用以代替前面的名词hospital，在此用作介词around的宾语。【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选C的理由是：句中的around不是介词，而是副词，意为"在附近"；其后的where引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？3._____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What【陷阱】容易误选A，认为此处应填一个形式主语。【分析】最佳答案是B。as引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题：_______isknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What此题答案选A，it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。再比较下面一组题，其中第（1）题选B，第（2）题选D：（1）______ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolisincreasing.A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.It（2）______ismentionedabovethatthenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolisincreasing.A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.It4.Davidissuchagoodboy_______alltheteacherslike.A.thatB.whoC.asD.whom【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的that，便认为这是考查such...that...句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such...that...（如此......以至......）结构中，that引导的是结果状语从句，并且that在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入such...that...，句末的动词like缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词boy，同时as在定语从句中用作动词like的宾语，句意为"所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩"。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的that视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到such的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词as来引导，而不用that.比较下面一题，答案为A，因为like后有自己的宾语him：Davidissuchagoodboy_______alltheteacherslikehim.A.thatB.whoC.asD.whom请再做以下试题（答案选D）：Itwasnotsuchagooddinner_______shehadpromisedus.A.likeB.thatC.whichD.as5.Thebuses,mostof_______werealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd.A.thatB.itC.themD.which【陷阱】容易误选C，用them代指thebuses.【分析】最佳答案是D。mostofwhichwerealreadyfull为非限制性定语从句，修饰thebuses.类似地，以下各题也选D：（1）Hishouse,for_______hepaid$10,000,isnowworth$50,000.A.thatB.itC.themD.which（2）Ashdownforest,through_______we'llbedriving,isn'taforestanylonger.A.thatB.itC.themD.which（3）ThisIdidatnineo'clock,after_______Isatreadingthepaper.A.thatB.itC.themD.which类似地，以下各题选whom，不选them：（4）George,with_______IplayedtennisonSundays,wasawarm-heartedperson.A.thatB.himC.themD.whom（5）Hersons,bothof______workabroad,willcomebackhomethissummer.A.thatB.whoC.themD.whom（6）Imetthefruit-pickers,severalof_______werestilluniversitystudents.A.thatB.whoC.themD.whom6.Hehadthousandsofstudents,manyof______gainedgreatsuccessintheirownfield.A.whomB.themC.whichD.who【陷阱】容易误选B，用them代指students.【分析】最佳答案是A，manyofwhomgainedgreatsuccessintheirownfield为非限制性定语从句。假若在manyof...的前面加上连词and，则选答案B。比较以下各题（答案均选A）：（1）Heaskedalotofquestions,noneof______waseasytoanswer.A.whichB.themC.whatD.that（2）Heaskedalotofquestions,andnoneof______waseasytoanswer.A.themB.whichC.whatD.that（3）Hetoldmethathehadtwogirl-friends,neitherof_______knewanythingabouttheother.A.whomB.themC.whichD.who（4）Hetoldmethathehadtwogirl-friends,andneitherof_______knewanythingabouttheother.A.themB.whomC.whichD.who7.Hehadalotoffriends,onlyafewof______invitedtohiswedding.A.whomB.themC.whichD.who【陷阱】容易误选A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词invited并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在invited前加上助动词were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A.比较：（1）Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,noneof_______carriedoutintheirwork.A.whichB.themC.whatD.that答案选B，noneofthemcarriedoutintheirwork是独立主格结构，其中的carriedout为过去分词。（2）Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,noneof_______werecarriedoutintheirwork.A.whichB.themC.whatD.that答案选A，noneofthemwerecarriedoutintheirwork是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were.（3）Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,butnoneof_______werecarriedoutintheirwork.A.whichB.themC.whatD.that答案选B，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but，使得该句成了一个并列句。8.OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentsseatedtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。【分析】最佳答案是A.与上面一题相似，theirparentsseatedtogetherjoking不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词seated不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为seat作动词用时，是及物动词。比较以下相似题：（1）OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentswereseatedtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that选B.whoseparentswereseatedtogetherjoking为非限制性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语wereseated.（2）OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,and_______parentswereseatedtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that选A.因为句中有并列连词and，整个句子为并列句。（3）OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentssittingtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that选A.theirparentssittingtogetherjoking为独立主格结构。（4）OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentssattogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that选B.whoseparentssattogetherjoking为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语sat.（5）OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentsweresittingtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that选B.whoseparentsweresittingtogetherjoking为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语weresitting.9.Ifthemanisonlyinterestedinyourlooks,_____justshowshowshallowheis.A.asB.whichC.whatD.that【陷阱】容易误选A或B，误这是非限制性定语从句。【分析】正确答案为D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。类似地，下面几道题也选that，而不选which：（1）Ifyoupromisetogowithus,_____willbeOK.A.asB.whichC.anditD.that（2）Ifyouwantadoubleroom,_____willcostanother￡15.A.asB.whichC.whatD.that（3）Whetheryougoornot,_______isquiteallrightwithme.A.thatB.whichC.anditD.so（4）WhenIsaytwohours,_____includestimeforeating.A.asB.whichC.whatD.that10.Shesaysthatshe'llneverforgetthetime________she'sspentworkingasasecretaryinourcompany.A.which