上海2018-2022中考真题分类训练之句型转换-学生版+解析

上海2018-2022中考真题分类训练之句型转换句型转换(按要求完成句子，每个空格限填一词，连词成句请将句子写完整。共35小题，每题2分，总计70分)1.JohnwenttochurchwithhisbrotherlastSundaymorning.(改为否定句)John___________tochurchwithhisbrotherlastSundaymorning.2.Gracedoesonlineshoppingfourtimesamonth.(对划线部分提问)___________doesGracedoonlineshopping?3.WewillholdaclassmeetingtotalkaboutteamworknextFriday(改为被动语态)Aclassmeetingwill___________totalkaboutteamworknextFriday.4.“Howareyougettingalongwithyournewroommate?"Franklinaskedme.(改为宾语从句)Franklinaskedme___________wasgettingalongwithmynewroommate.5.Keepworkinghard,andyouwillachievesuccess.(保持句意不变)___________keepworkinghard,youwillachievesuccess.6.Thesecretaryapologizedtothemanagerformakingthesamemistakeagain.(保持句意不变)Thesecretary___________tothemanagerformakingthesamemistakeagain.7.manyways,forus,are,tokeepintouch,there(连词成句).___________________________________________________________________8.LucypracticestheviolinintheclubonFridayafternoons．（改为否定句）Lucy_________theviolinintheclubonFridayafternoons．9.MysisterwilltakepartintheChinesepoemcontestinafewdays．（对划线部分提问）____________willyoursistertakepartintheChinesepoemcontest？10.Thegovernmentistakingactiontoimproveairquality．（保持句意不变）Thegovernmentistakingactionto______airquality______．11.IhavenoideahowIcanoperatethenewwashingmachine.（改为简单句）Ihavenoidea

________operatethenewwashingmachine.12.ThescientistsreleasedthepictureofablackholetotheworldonApril10．（改为被动语态）Thepictureofablackhole____________totheworldbythescientistsonApril10．13."AreyoufreetocometomyplacethisSaturday？"Aaronaskedme．（改为间接引语）Aaronaskedme______I______freetogotohisplacethatSaturday．14.theirfuture，learn，teenagers，bythemselves，toplan，should（连词成句）____________________________________________________15.ThemiddleschoolboycantelltraditionalChinesestoriesinEnglish．（改为一般疑问句）_____themiddleschoolboy_____traditionalChinesestoriesinEnglish？16.Leehashelpedthelocalpeopleselltheirproductssincehereturnedtohishometown.（对划线部分提问）__________hasLeehelpedthelocalpeopleselltheirproducts?17.Thevolunteerworkedhardtogetmorekidsbacktoschool．(改为感叹句)__________thevolunteerworkedtogetmorekidsbacktoschool!18.The13-year-oldone-armedbasketballplayerattractedalotoffans.（改为被动语态）Alotoffans__________bythe13-year-oldone-armedbasketballplayer.19.Juliadecidedtobeadoctorafterwatchingthenewsprogramme．（保持句意基本不变）Julia__________hermindtobeadoctorafterwatchingthenewsprogramme．20."WilltheexhibitionbeheldinShanghai？"Oliviaaskedhersecretary．（改为间接引语）Oliviaaskedhersecretary_____theexhibition_____beheldinShanghai．21.belongsto，hardworking，intheend，students，success（连词成句）______________________________________________________22.Mydeskmateborrowedsomebooksfromthelibraryatnoon.（改为否定句）Mydeskmate________________anybooksfromthelibraryatnoon.23.Thegovernmenthasspent10millionyuanimprovingthewaterquality.（对划线部分提问）________________hasthegovernmentspentimprovingthewaterquality?24.DoctorWuMengchaosavedalotofpatients’lives.（改为被动语态）Alotofpatients’lives________byDoctorWuMengchao.25.Johniswonderinghowhecankeepthebalancebetweenworkandplay.（改为简单句）Johniswondering________________keepthebalancebetweenworkandplay.26.Ihadagoodtimeintheoceanparkthedaybeforeyesterday.（保持句意基本不变）I________intheoceanparkthedaybeforeyesterday.(此题可以填写多个单词)27.“HaveyouvisitedtheNationalBookExpo?”Lindaaskedme.（改为间接引语）Lindaaskedme________I________visitedtheNationalBookExpo.28.amealplan,thecommunity,make,fortheaged,istryingto（连词成句）___________________________________________________________________________.29.Thenewrobotshelppassengerswiththeirluggageatthisairport.

（改为一般疑问句）_________thenewrobots_________passengerswiththeirluggageatthisairport?30.Itisabout20kilometresfromourschooltotheNationalForestPark.（对划线部分提问）________________isitfromourschooltotheNationalForestPark?31.Theresearchgroupdiscoveredanewkindofinsectlastweek.

（改为被动语态）Anewkindofinsect__________________bytheresearchgrouplastweek.32.Thechildrenarediscussingwhattheyaregoingtodothisweekend.

（改为简单句）Thechildrenarediscussing__________________dothisweekend.33.Afterhearingthenews,Tomwassoexcitedthathecouldn’tfallasleep.（保持句意基本不变）Afterhearingthenews.Tomwas_________excited_________fallasleep.34.“WhenwillwegototheVRexperiencecenter?”Iaskedthetourguide.（改为间接引语）Iaskedthetourguide_________we_________gototheVRexperiencecentre.35.thetask,promisedto,finish,assoonaspossible,theengineer（连词成句）___________________________________________________________.上海2018-2022中考真题分类训练之句型转换句型转换(按要求完成句子，每个空格限填一词，连词成句请将句子写完整。共35小题，每题2分，总计70分)1.（2018上海中考真题）JohnwenttochurchwithhisbrotherlastSundaymorning.(改为否定句)John___________tochurchwithhisbrotherlastSundaymorning.【答案】didn’tgo【解析】一般过去式句子变否定句，借助助动词didn’t，同时需将动词过去式变回原形2.（2018上海中考真题）Gracedoesonlineshoppingfourtimesamonth.(对划线部分提问)___________doesGracedoonlineshopping?【答案】Howoften【解析】howoften

对时间频率进行提问。Fourtimesamonth表示频率。3.（2018上海中考真题）WewillholdaclassmeetingtotalkaboutteamworknextFriday(改为被动语态)Aclassmeetingwill___________totalkaboutteamworknextFriday.【答案】beheld【解析】被动语态结构：be+动词的过去分词。因will后加动词原形，故be动词不变，hold过去分词为held。4.（2018上海中考真题）“Howareyougettingalongwithyournewroommate?"Franklinaskedme.(改为宾语从句)Franklinaskedme___________wasgettingalongwithmynewroommate.【答案】howI【解析】宾语从句结构：谓语动词+引导词+陈述句语序。How引导词不变，因提问me故将第二人称变成第一人称，与主句人称保持一致。5.（2018上海中考真题）Keepworkinghard,andyouwillachievesuccess.(保持句意不变)___________keepworkinghard,youwillachievesuccess.【答案】Ifyou【解析】祈使句+and/or，表示肯定或否定的条件状语从句，句意：如果你努力学习，即将获得成功。6.（2018上海中考真题）Thesecretaryapologizedtothemanagerformakingthesamemistakeagain.(保持句意不变)Thesecretary___________tothemanagerformakingthesamemistakeagain.【答案】saysorry【解析】apologizedto=saysorryto,向某人道歉。7.（2018上海中考真题）manyways,forus,are,tokeepintouch,there(连词成句).___________________________________________________________________【答案】Therearemanywaysforustokeepintouch.【解析】therebe结构的陈述句，

waysforsb.todosth.

某人做某事的方法。8.（2019上海中考真题）LucypracticestheviolinintheclubonFridayafternoons．（改为否定句）Lucy_________theviolinintheclubonFridayafternoons．【答案】doesn't【解析】原句是一般现在时，其否定句在三人称单数动词

practices

前加doesn't，

practices

还原成原形practice故答案是doesn'tpractice--露西周五下午在俱乐部练习小提琴．--露西周五下午没有在俱乐部练习小提琴．解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答9.（2019上海中考真题）MysisterwilltakepartintheChinesepoemcontestinafewdays．（对划线部分提问）____________willyoursistertakepartintheChinesepoemcontest？【答案】How【解析】根据划线部分in

a

few

days可知用疑问词howsoon还要多久，原句是一般将来时，疑问词后跟will．故答案是Howsoon．--我妹妹几天后将参加中国诗歌比赛．--妹妹多久之后将参加中国诗歌比赛？解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答10.（2019上海中考真题）Thegovernmentistakingactiontoimproveairquality．（保持句意不变）Thegovernmentistakingactionto______airquality______．【答案】make【解析】根据

improve

air

quality可知同义句用make+名词+形容词，improve

air

quality=makeairqualitybetter使空气质量更好，动词不定式符号to后跟动词原形故答案是make，better--政府正在采取措施改善空气质量．--政府正在采取措施使空气质量更好．解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合语法，同义词，反义词等，准确作答．11.（2019上海中考真题）IhavenoideahowIcanoperatethenewwashingmachine.（改为简单句）Ihavenoidea

________operatethenewwashingmachine.【答案】howto【解析】原句是含宾语从句的复合句，根据I

have

no

idea

how

I

can

operate可知，转换成疑问词+动词不定式结构，故答案是howto。12.（2019上海中考真题）ThescientistsreleasedthepictureofablackholetotheworldonApril10．（改为被动语态）Thepictureofablackhole____________totheworldbythescientistsonApril10．【答案】wasreleased【解析】根据The

scientists

released

可知用一般过去时的被动语态，由was/were+过去分词构成，故答案是wasreleased．--科学家们于4月4日向世界公布了一张黑洞的照片．--一张黑洞的照片于4月4日由科学家向世界公布了．解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答13.（2019上海中考真题）"AreyoufreetocometomyplacethisSaturday？"Aaronaskedme．（改为间接引语）Aaronaskedme______I______freetogotohisplacethatSaturday．【答案】if/whether,was【解析】直接引语是一般疑问句，所以用连词if或者whether，主句Aaron

asked

me是一般过去时，所以宾语从句用一般过去时，主语I，be动词用was，语序用陈述句语序故答案是if/whether，was．--"这个星期六你有空来我的地方吗？"亚伦问我．--亚伦问我那个星期六我是否有空去他的地方．解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答14.（2019上海中考真题）theirfuture，learn，teenagers，bythemselves，toplan，should（连词成句）____________________________________________________【答案】Teenagersshouldlearntoplantheirfuturebythemselves．【解析】首先结合提示词和标点符合明确所要组合的句子是一个肯定句，组合成的句子的句意是"青少年应该学会自己规划他们的未来．"，句子含有情态动词should，后面跟动词原形，learntodosth学会做某事，plantheirfuturebythemselves自己规划他们的未来故答案为：Teenagersshouldlearntoplantheirfuturebythemselves．Teenagersshouldlearntoplantheirfuturebythemselves．青少年应该学会自己规划他们的未来．做连词成句这种类型的题，首先确定句子类型，如：陈述句、疑问句或感叹句等，然后根据所给单词，明确主语、谓语等句子成分，在确定句意的前提下结合语法知识组合句子．15.（2020上海中考真题）ThemiddleschoolboycantelltraditionalChinesestoriesinEnglish．（改为一般疑问句）_____themiddleschoolboy_____traditionalChinesestoriesinEnglish？【答案】Can,tell【解析】句意：——这个中学生能用英语讲中国传统故事。——这个中学生能用英语讲中国传统故事吗？考查一般疑问句。含有情态动词can的句子变一般疑问句时，只需把can提至句首，谓语动词用原形tell（讲述）。故答案为：Can，tell。【点睛】陈述句变一般疑问句时，要考虑助动词、be动词、情态动词等的用法，还要考虑时态、人称、固定用法等。16.（2020上海中考真题）Leehashelpedthelocalpeopleselltheirproductssincehereturnedtohishometown.（对划线部分提问）__________hasLeehelpedthelocalpeopleselltheirproducts?【答案】Howlong【解析】句意：自从李回到家乡后，他一直帮助当地人销售他们的产品。画线部分sincehereturnedtohishometown表示一段时间，疑问词用howlong；空格在句首，首字母大写；故填Howlong。17.（2020上海中考真题）Thevolunteerworkedhardtogetmorekidsbacktoschool．(改为感叹句)__________thevolunteerworkedtogetmorekidsbacktoschool!【答案】Howhard【解析】句意：这个志愿者努力工作让更多的孩子重返学校。感叹句可以用How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！这里主语thevolunteer“志愿者”，谓语worked“工作”，副词用hard“努力地”，用How引导。故填Howhard。【点睛】感叹句可以用how或what引导，两者有一定区别，要掌握该知识点，然后结合语境选择正确形式，完成试题。18.（2020上海中考真题）The13-year-oldone-armedbasketballplayerattractedalotoffans.（改为被动语态）Alotoffans__________bythe13-year-oldone-armedbasketballplayer.【答案】wereattracted【解析】句意：这位13岁的独臂篮球运动员吸引了许多球迷。原句是一般过去时，改为一般过去时态的被动语态，结构是was/were+过去分词；主语fans复数，助动词用were；故填wereattracted。19.（2020上海中考真题）Juliadecidedtobeadoctorafterwatchingthenewsprogramme．（保持句意基本不变）Julia__________hermindtobeadoctorafterwatchingthenewsprogramme．【答案】madeup【解析】句意：朱莉娅看完新闻节目后决定当医生。decidetodo＝makeupone'smindtodo"决定……"，为固定搭配；decided为过去式，由此可知，本题是一般过去时态，谓语动词应用made。故填madeup。20.（2020上海中考真题）"WilltheexhibitionbeheldinShanghai？"Oliviaaskedhersecretary．（改为间接引语）Oliviaaskedhersecretary_____theexhibition_____beheldinShanghai．【答案】if,would【解析】句意：“展览会将在上海举行吗？”；Olivia问她的秘书展览是否会在上海举行。本题考查直接引语改为间接引语，直接引语是一般将来时态、一般疑问句，用if"是否"引导宾语从句，Oliviaaskedhersecretary是一般过去时，所以间接引语用过去将来时态would+动词原形；故填if；would．21.（2020上海中考真题）belongsto，hardworking，intheend，students，success（连词成句）______________________________________________________【答案】Successbelongstohardworkingstudentsintheend．/Intheend，successbelongstohardworkingstudents．【解析】根据所给标点可知应用陈述句的形式，分析所给单词，success做主语；belongsto作谓语，hardworkingstudents作宾语，intheend作时间状语，位于句末或为了强调也可以位于句首。故答案为：Successbelongstohardworkingstudentsintheend．/Intheend，successbelongstohardworkingstudents．“成功最终属于那些勤奋的学生”。22.（2021上海中考真题）Mydeskmateborrowedsomebooksfromthelibraryatnoon.（改为否定句）Mydeskmate________________anybooksfromthelibraryatnoon.【答案】didn’tborrow【解析】原句为一般过去时，否则形式为didn’t+动词原形.原文动词为borrowed，其原形为borrow，故答案为didn’tborrow.23.（2021上海中考真题）Thegovernmenthasspent10millionyuanimprovingthewaterquality.（对划线部分提问）________________hasthegovernmentspentimprovingthewaterquality?【答案】Howmuch【解析】对10millionyuan（一千万元）提问，也就是对钱提问，需要用Howmuch.24.（2021上海中考真题）DoctorWuMengchaosavedalotofpatients’lives.（改为被动语态）Alotofpatients’lives________byDoctorWuMengchao.【答案】weresaved【解析】谓语动词为saved，可知是一般过去时态。被动形式为be（was,were）+动词被动形式，lives是复数，故用weresaved.25.（2021上海中考真题）Johniswonderinghowhecankeepthebalancebetweenworkandplay.（改为简单句）Johniswondering________________keepthebalancebetweenworkandplay.【答案】how,to【解析】原句为疑问词how当作连接词的宾语从句，转成简单句用”疑问词+todo”,故答案为howto.26.（2021上海中考真题）Ihadagoodtimeintheoceanparkthedaybeforeyesterday.（保持句意基本不变）I________intheoceanparkthedaybeforeyesterday.(此题可以填写多个单词)【答案】hadagreattime或hadanicetime或hadawonderfultime或enjoyedmyself或hadfun【解析】haveagoodtime表示玩得愉快，和它同意的词组有haveagreattime,haveanicetime,haveawonderfultime,enjoymyself,havefun.但是应该用过去时态，因此have,enjoy需要用过去式，即had,enjoyed.故答案为hadagreattime或hadanicetime或hadawonderfultime或enjoyedmyself或hadfun27.（2021上海中考真题）“HaveyouvisitedtheNationalBookExpo?”Lindaaskedme.（改为间接引语）Lindaaskedme________I________visitedtheNationalBookExpo.【答案】whether或if,had【解析】Linda问我“你是否参观过全国图书交易博览会？“，改为间接引语，这是一般疑问句，所以关系词要用whether或if;谓语动词是asked,所以从句也要改成过去完成时态，用had.所以答案为whether或if;had.28.（2021上海中考真题）amealplan,thecommunity,make,fortheaged,istryingto（连词成句）___________________________________________________________________________.【答案】Thecommunityistryingtomakeamealplanfortheaged【解析】本题为现状进行时态，是一个陈述语句。Thecommunity是主语；谓语动词istrying放在主语后，trytodosth.表示“努力做某事“。makeamealplanfor…表示”为..制定饮食计划“，theaged表示”老年人“，作为makeameanplanfor的对象。所以答案为：Thecommunityistryingtomakeamealplanfortheaged.29.（2022上海中考真题）Thenewrobotshelppassengerswiththeirluggageatthisairport.

（改为一般疑问句）_________thenewrobots_________passengerswiththeirluggageatthisairport?【答案】Do,help【解析】句意：这些新机器人在机场帮助乘客搬运行李。原句是含有实义动词

help

的一般现在时，变疑问句需借助于助动词

do，后跟动词原形

help。故填

Do；help。30.（2022上海中考真题）Itisabout20kilometresfromourschooltotheNationalForestPark.（对划线部分提问）________________isitfromourschooltotheNationalForestPark?【答案】How,far【解析】句意：从我们学校到国家森林公园的距离大约是

20

公里。题目要求对划线部分进行提问，划线部分为“20kilometres”，对距离进行提问应用“howfar”，且位于句首

how首字母应大写。故填

How；far。31.