考点19难点题型(四)首字母填空-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习考点帮(上海专用)(原卷版+解析)

考点19难点题型（四）首字母填空上海市五年中考试卷首字母填空考查要点统计发现考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词这几大词类。考向一、首字母填空解题技巧：1.通读短文，了解大意；2.判断句子成分；3.确定空格单词词性；4.联系上下文，找线索，推测答案；5.通读短文，检查答案。注意语法问题；考向二、解题技巧详解从句子成分角度分析一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语、同位语、补语等。对主语的判断：做主语词性主要为：名词，代词，动名词。注意名词单复数。【随堂测练1】TheI________bringsuscloserthanbefore.Doingsomer________beforethetestisnecessary.Threer________happenedyesterday.Buttodayalltherobbershavebeencaughtbythepolice.Thechildrenareallworkingintheclassroom.Someofthemarecleaningthewindowsando_______aresweepingthefloor.

此外，形容词前加the也可作主语。eg:Thericharenotalwayshappy.句中therich指“有钱人”，因此可以作主语。对谓语的判断：做谓语词性主要为：动词。注意时态的问题。【随堂测练2】Mymumalwayse________metobeabraveboywhenIwasyoung.ThiskindofnewmobilephonecostssomuchthatIcanhardlya________one.Knowingmorethanonelanguagei________yourknowledgeofothercultures.Thestudentsinourschoolalwaysc________aboutthefood.时态:一般现在时：要考虑动词的三单形式一般过去时：要考虑动词的过去式现在进行时：考虑动词的现在分词形式现在完成时：要考虑动词的过去分词的形式对宾语的判断:做宾语词性主要为：主要为名词，代词，动名词。【随堂测练3】Thedoctorsarebusyo________ontheseriouslyinjuredmanatthemoment.Ifyoufeelnervous,takeadeepb________andI'msureyou'llfeelbetter.Hehadtomakeac________betweenstudyinginShanghaiandgoingabroad.Ifyoumeetwithanyd________,youcanaskmeforhelp.对表语的判断:做表语词性主要为：形容词，名词,介词短语。如果是动词的适当形式作表语，动词必须改成todo,doing或done的形式。注意形容词比较级和最高级。【随堂测练4】Heisp________ofhisdaughter,forshealwaysgetsAgradesinallsubjects.Thesickmanisgettingw________.Maybehewilldiesoon.Suchcoldweatherisquiteu________inMayandpeoplehavetowearwarmclothesagain.Shewasa________abigprizeforherhardwork.对定语的判断:做定语词性主要为：形容词，序数词，介词短语。如果是动词的适当形式作定语，动词必须改成todo,doing或done的形式。注意形容词比较级和最高级。【随堂测练5】I’vebeenusedtothec________weatherinLondon.ThevisittoChongmingIslandwasreallyu________,itleftusasweetmemory.That’sonlymyp________opinion.Everyoneiswelcometoshareyours.TheFrenchartistsaid,“Itismyf_______timetovisitShanghai.Ilovethiscitysomuch.”对状语的判断:做状语词性主要为：副词，介词。如果是动词的适当形式作状语，动词必须改成todo,doing或done的形式。【随堂测练6】TheoldladycouldhardlybelievethatshehadgotthetravelpasstoHongKongsoe________.Sheremembereditwashard.IthoughtIwaswrong.A________,itisawisedecision.B________,youneedtomakeupastory.Canyouwriteyourownone?Asyouclimb,yourpartnerpullsyouclimbingropet________somethingcalleda

belaydevice

(绳索控制器).对连词的判断:并列连词and,but,or,so,notonly…butalso,either…or,neither…nor,aswellas,both…and等连接并列的词,词组和句子;从属连词although/though/because/if/unless/when/until/after/before/as/...等连接从句。因此，首字母中一个句子中有从句的话，就考虑从属连词。【随堂测练7】Workharder,a________you’llmakegreatprogressinEnglish.Myjobistoprotecttheinnocentaswella________findtheguilty.A________WaltDisneymademanyofhismostfamousmoviesmanyyearsago,theyareaspopularnowastheywerewhenhemadethem.Youwillfailintheexamu________youstudyharderthanbefore.其他做题思路：依据习惯用法与固定搭配进行填词：如:W________hishelp,theoldmanwassafe.Theboythankedhimverymuch.从句意我们就知道是“在他的帮助下”，withhishelp.依据语法知识进行填词：如:Thesepeopleoftenhavethinwallswhichcan’ts________thenoisefromnextdoor.根据句意我们了解道墙壁很薄，所以不能阻止隔壁的噪音。根据中考词组“stop…from”，所以填stop。依据常识的积累进行填词：如:Butitwastoolate.Hisfriendwasveryangry.Mr.Whitesaidnothingbutonlyoneword“S________.”Mr.White迟到了，他的朋友很生气，他什么都没说，只说了一个字“S

.”我们根据常识肯定是向他的朋友道歉，所以肯定填sorry.依据逻辑推理与句意理解进行填词：如：OneSundayafternoon,Mr.Whitedrovehisnewcartohisfriend’shousehappily.Hewantedtop________

hisfriendupatfiveandthenwenttoseeanewmovietogether.根据句意，Mr.White高兴地开着车去他的朋友家，然后一起去看电影，我们可以进行逻辑推理，他肯定是去接他的朋友，所以填pick.（2022春·上海徐汇·九年级统考期中）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。Ifyousufferfromshyness(羞怯),youarenotalone,forshynessisauniversalphenomenon.Itisnotsurprisingthatsocialscientistsareexploringitsenvironmentalcauses.Thefirstenvironmentalcauseofshynessmaybeachild’shomeandfamilylife.Today’schildrenaregrowingupinsmallerfamilies,withf____1____relativeslivingnearby.Growingupinhomesinwhichbothparentsworkfulltime,childrenmaynothavethesocializingexperienceoffrequentvisitsbyneighborsandfriends.Becauseoftheirlackofsocialskills,theymaybegintofeelshywhentheystartschool.As____2____environmentalcauseofshynessinanindividualmaybeone’sculture.InalargestudymadeinJapan,57percentofpeoplerated(评估)t____3____asshy.ResearchersLynneHendersonandPhilipZimbardosay,“OneexplanationisthatinJapan,aperson’ss____4____iscreditedexternallyto(表面上归因于)parents,grandparents,teachers,coaches,andothers,whilefailureisentirelyblamedon(完全归咎于)theperson.”Therefore,Japaneselearnnottotakerisksinpublicandrelyi____5____ongroup-shareddecisions.Technologymayalsoplayarole.IntheUnitedStates,thenumberofyoungpeoplewhoreportbeingshyhasr____6____from40percentto50percentinrecentyears.Duetoourhugeadvancesintechnology,watchingtelevision,playingvideogames,andsurfingtheWebhavetakentheplaceofrecreationalactivitiesthatinvolvesocialinteraction(涉及交际互动)formanyyoungpeople.Adults,too,arebecomingmoreisolatedasaresultoftechnology.Face-to-faceinteractionswithbankclerks,gasstationattendantsandshopassistantsarenolongern____7____becausepeoplecanusemachinestodotheirbanking,filltheirgastanks,andordergoods.Inshort,theybecomeshy.Itappearsthatmostpeoplehaveexperiencedshynessatsometimeintheirlives.Therefore,ifyouareshy,youhavelotsofcompany.（2022春·上海徐汇·九年级上海市徐汇中学校考期中）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。Cellphoneshavebecomeoneofthemostusefuldevicesinthepasthalfcentury.Thefirstcellphonehadonlyoneuse—callingsomeone.Today’ssmart-phonesarereallyminicomputersthatallowuserstodomanythingsatonce.Peoplecansendt___8___andemails,listentomusic,takepicturesandvideos,andfindinformationonline.Cellphonesareperfectforlearninginschool.Forexample,studentscanfindinformationontheInternet,s___9___mathproblemsandsharenotes.Theycanusecalendarsandalarmsforremindersabouthomework,projects,andtests.Theycanevenshareideasonsocialmedia.Someschoolsdon’tallowcellphonesb___10___theythinkthephonescandistractstudentsfromtheirwork.Someteachersworrythatstudentswon’tpayattentionandwillneedtoberemindedtoputdowntheirphones.Theyalsoworrythatstudentswillspendlunchesandrecessplayinggamesorusingsocialmedia.Kidscouldmissoutonqualitytimespentwithfriends.Teachersandparentsalsoworryaboutstudentsusingphonestocheatontestsorbullyothers.Cheatingisunfairanddoesnothelpstudentslearn.Bullyingh___11___classmates.Studiesshowthatyoungerstudentsaremorelikelytobebullediftheyhavecellphones.However,researchershavefoundthatmostparentsandteacherswantstudentstohavephones.Itisimportantforparentsandchildrentobeabletokeepintouch.Teacherslikeusingphonesduringlessonsbecausestudentsaremoreinterestedandpayc___12___attention.Manyteachersfeelthatthebenefitsoutweightheproblemsifstudentslearntousethecellphonesc___13___.Teachersandparentscanteachkidstousecellphonesinasafewaythathelpsthemlearnnewthings.Inclass,phonesshouldbes___14___andusedonlyforlessons.Studentsshouldalsotracktimespentontheirphonesandavoidusingthemtoomuch.Studentsshouldbeallowedtousecellphonesinschool.Settinggoodgroundrulescanimprovelearningforeveryone.（2022秋·上海徐汇·九年级上海市西南位育中学校考期中）Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.(首字母填空，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)NewYorkCity’spolicedepartment(NYPD)hasdecidedtoreturnarobotdog.Thoughtherobotworkedwell,itupsetmanypeople.Somethoughtitwas“creepy(吓人的)”.Othersw____15____thatitwouldinvade(侵犯)theirprivacy.Spotisadog-shapedrobotbuiltbyatechcompany.Therobothasfourlegs,soevenonroughgrounditcanmovee____16____.Insteadofahead,therobothasacamera.Italsohasamicrophoneandaspeaker,andpeoplecancontrolitfromadistance.InDecember,2020,theNYPDannounced(宣布)thatitwouldbeginusingaspecialversionofSpot.Theirrobotwaspaintedblue.Ithasaspecialcameratoallowitto“see”everythingonallsidesofit.Theycalledtheirversion“Digidog”.TherobotcosttheNYPDabout$94,000.Thatmayseemlikealotofmoney,butit’scheapforarobot.WhenitannouncedDigidog,theNYPDsaid,“Thisdogisgoingtosavelives,protectpeople,andprotectofficers,andthat’sourg____17____.”Theysoonfoundoutthatnoteveryonewasexcitedabouttherobotastheywere.AftertherobotwasbroughttoanemergencycallinFebruary,avideoofitwassharedw____18____,andupsetalotofpeople.Manypeoplewereconcernedthatthepolicewereusinganelectronicdogforspying(暗中监视).Othersfeltlikeitwaswrongforthepolicetospendmoneyonmachines.Theyshouldfocusonp____19____.Formanypeople,theconcernwasn’tjustaboutthisrobotdog,butaboutwhatfuturepolicerobotsmightlooklike.Forexample,theyfearedthatthepolicemightusearobotthatcouldcontrolitso____20____movements,oronethatcarriedweapons.Whenthedogwasuseda____21____inlateApril,2021,anothervideowassharedontheInternet.Manypeoplewerestillupset.Asaresultofthestrongpublicreaction,theNYPDdecidedtogetridofDigidog,andtoreturnhimtothetechcompany.（2022秋·上海浦东新·九年级上海市实验学校校考期末）Fillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）WhatDoOlympicAthletesEat?Lastmonth,CCTVreleasedtheathletes’(运动员)menufortheBeijing2022WinterOlympics.There’reasmanyas678differentdishesonthemenu.Thesedisheswillbeprovidedinturnsandaround200disheswillbea____22____forathleteseachdayinthethreecompetitionzonesofBeijing,YanqingandZhangjiakou.TheathletesoftheWinterOlympicscomefromdifferentculturalb____23____.Themenui____24____dishesfromaroundtheworldtomeettheirdifferentneedsandeatinghabits.SomelocalChinesespecialties(特色菜)canalsobefoundonthemenu,suchasWestLakebeefsoupandPekingroastduck.Athleteswillbeabletof____25____andexperiencethefullcharmofChinesefoodculture.The2022WinterOlympicGameswilloverlapwiththeChineseSpringFestival.So,someofthespecialdishesforthisfestivalhavealsobeena____26____tothemenu.Foreignathleteswillbeableto“taste”theChineseLunarNewYear.B____27____,toprotecttheenvironment,therestaurantwillusebiodegradabletableware(可生物降解的餐具).Let’slookforwardtoag____28____and“delicious”WinterOlympics!（2022秋·上海徐汇·九年级上海市徐汇中学校考期中）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。SmallbusinessbigtreatsA12-year-oldgirlstartsherownbusinesssellingdogtreats(零食).Duringthepandemic(疫情),manypeoplespentmoretimewiththeirpetsathome.Butaseventh-graderusedthistimetosetupherownbusiness—sellingdogtreats.JasmineThomas-Gainey,12yearsold,livesinMarinCounty,US.Shef____29____DoggyDogTreatsByJazzyduringthepandemic.HerpetChihuahuahelpstestthetreatsbeforetheygetsold.InaninterviewwiththeMarinIndependentJournal,Thomas-Gaineysaidthatherdog,Buddy,lovesthehome-bakedtreatsshemakes.”Wheneverwebakethem,heisstandingbythek____30____,andwheneverwearepackingthemup,heiss____31____followingus,”shesaid.“AfterIfiguredoutthethingsdogscaneat,Icameupwithmyowndogrecipes(食谱),”saidThomas-Gainey.“Ihavelearnedmoreaboutw____32____dogscanandcan’teat.Itwasinterestingtodotheresearch.”“Ilikeseeingther____33____thatpeopleleave.”saidThomas-Gainey.“AndIalsolikeseeingiftheyposts____34____ontheirInstagramoftheirdogshappyaboutthetreats.”OneofthethingsThomas-Gaineyenjoysmostishavingherownbusinessatayoungage.“Youcanneverbetooyoung,”shesaid.“Whenyoustartsoyoung,itopensalotmorepossibilities,andthere’smoretimeforyoutogrow.”Thomas-Gaineyalwaysfeelsencouragedbyhermother,sosheismorepositiveandc____35____now,eveninthefaceofdifficulties.Shehaslearnedalotbystartingherownbusiness.（2022秋·上海长宁·九年级上海市新泾中学校考期中）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。ThenightbeforeChristmas,amanpunishedhisfive-year-olddaughterforusingupallofthefamily’sexpensivewrappingpaper.Moneywastight(紧张的),andhebecameverya___36___whenthechildtriedtowrapaboxtoputundertheChristmastree.However,thenextmorning,thelittlegirl,whowasf___37___withexcitement,broughtthegiftboxtoherfather’sbedroomandsaidtohim,“Thisisforyou,Daddy!MerryChristmasandIloveyou!”Thefatherwasembarrassedbyhise___38___reaction(反应)tothelittlegirl.Butwhenheopenedthebox,hefounditemptyandlosthistemperagain.“Don’tyouknow,younglady,”hesaid,“Anytimeyouwanttogivesomeoneap___39___,itisnecessarytoputsomethinginsidethebox!”Thelittlegirllookedupathimwithtearsinhereyesandsaid,“Daddy,it’snotempty.Lastnight,Iblewkissesintoitu___40___itwasallfull.”Thefatherfellonhiskneesandputhisarmsaroundhislittlegirl.Hebeggedhertoforgivehimforhisanger.Afterthat,thefatherk___41___thelittleboxbyhisbedforalltheyearsofhislife.Wheneverhewasdiscouragedorfaceddifficultproblems,hewouldopentheboxc___42___,takeoutakiss,andremembertheloveofhisbeautifulchildwhohadputkissesinit.Thenhecouldgetthroughthedarknessinhislife.（2022·上海·统考中考真题）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给出。Whichwouldyouratherspendyourmoneyon,anoutingwithfriendsorapairofexpensiveshoes?Itismyopinionthatspendingmoneyonexperiencesbringsgreaterhappiness.Myfirstr___43___isthatexperiencesmakeusdifferentaswegrow.Wearenottheresultofthethingswe’vebought.Instead,wearetheresultofeverythingwe’veseenanddone.Forexample,gettingexpensiveclothesdidn’tc___44___measaperson,butthecampingtriplastsummercertainlydid.Itmadememoreindependent.Inaddition,Ip___45___experiencesbecausetheybringpeopletogether.Sharinganewexperiencedevelopsstrongerrelationshipsandcreateslong-lastingmemories.ThreeyearsagoImetsometeenagersonastudytripandnowIams___46___intouchwiththem,butIhardlyrememberwhatIboughtduringthetrip.Myfinalpointisthat,althoughsomepeoplesayitisagreatj___47___toownthings,Ithinkusingthethingsyouownismorepleasant.Forexample,Ispendmostofmysparemoneyonnewpartsformyoldmountainbike,butIlovetheexperienceofc___48___,notowningbikeparts!Tosumup,experiencesmakeuswhoweareanddevelopstrongerrelationships.Sonexttimebeforeyoupayforsomething,giveitsomes___49___thought.Askyourself,“WhichwillIspendmymoneyon,anoutingorapairofshoes?”（2021·上海·统考中考真题）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。It’s5:00a.m.!AmormingcallwakesupMarco.Hedoesn’tgetupsoe____50____athomeinLosAngeles.Well,maybetoeatbreakfastonceinawhilebutnevertoherd(放牧)cowsandsheep!ButMarcoisn’tathome.HeisinAfrica,onthegrasslandsofKenya(肯尼亚).Heislivingwiththeherdsmen.“LifeisverydifferentinKenya.Peopleliveap____51____lifehereonthegrasslands.Theycan’taffordTVs,carsormobilephones.Theymakealivingmainlybyherdingcowsandsheep,”Marcosays.Marco’striptoAfricaisn’tah____52____.It’spartoftheschoolprojectforbiologycourseatSunshineSchool.Theschoolhopesthestudentswillhavemorelifeexperiences.TheyhaveneverbeentoAfrica.Kenyaisacountrywhichisc____53____newtothestudentsfromLosAngeles.Whenthestudentsgetthere,theyputonlocalclothing.Boysherdcows.Girlscollectfirewoodandwater.Familiesdependontheircows.Asaresult,theherdsmenandthestudentshavetom____54____fromoneareatoanothersothatthecowshavemoregrasstoeat.NowinLosAngeles,KenyaisonthemindsofthestudentsatSunshineSchoolallyear.DisastershavekilledmanycowsinKenya,sothestudentsdecidetoraisemoneytob____55____cowsforthelocalpeople.Eachcowcostsabout$100.“Onecowmeansmoretothehealthofafamilythanmoney,”saysMarco.“Herewearereallygivinglife.Acowwillgiveakidmilkeveryday.”Theschoolwantstogivethestudentsadifferentwayofthinking.HelpingtheherdsmeninKenyaisjustthefirsts____56____.Next,thestudentswilltrytodiscoverwaystogiveahandtothoseinLosAngeleswhoneedhelp.考点19难点题型（四）首字母填空上海市五年中考试卷首字母填空考查要点统计发现

考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词这几大词类。

考向一、首字母填空解题技巧：1.通读短文，了解大意；2.判断句子成分；3.确定空格单词词性；4.联系上下文，找线索，推测答案；5.通读短文，检查答案。注意语法问题；考向二、解题技巧详解从句子成分角度分析一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语、同位语、补语等。对主语的判断：做主语词性主要为：名词，代词，动名词。注意名词单复数。【随堂测练1】TheI________bringsuscloserthanbefore.Doingsomer________beforethetestisnecessary.Threer________happenedyesterday.Buttodayalltherobbershavebeencaughtbythepolice.Thechildrenareallworkingintheclassroom.Someofthemarecleaningthewindowsando_______aresweepingthefloor.

此外，形容词前加the也可作主语。eg:Thericharenotalwayshappy.句中therich指“有钱人”，因此可以作主语。对谓语的判断：做谓语词性主要为：动词。注意时态的问题。【随堂测练2】Mymumalwayse________metobeabraveboywhenIwasyoung.ThiskindofnewmobilephonecostssomuchthatIcanhardlya________one.Knowingmorethanonelanguagei________yourknowledgeofothercultures.Thestudentsinourschoolalwaysc________aboutthefood.时态:一般现在时：要考虑动词的三单形式一般过去时：要考虑动词的过去式现在进行时：考虑动词的现在分词形式现在完成时：要考虑动词的过去分词的形式对宾语的判断:做宾语词性主要为：主要为名词，代词，动名词。【随堂测练3】Thedoctorsarebusyo________ontheseriouslyinjuredmanatthemoment.Ifyoufeelnervous,takeadeepb________andI'msureyou'llfeelbetter.Hehadtomakeac________betweenstudyinginShanghaiandgoingabroad.Ifyoumeetwithanyd________,youcanaskmeforhelp.对表语的判断:做表语词性主要为：形容词，名词,介词短语。如果是动词的适当形式作表语，动词必须改成todo,doing或done的形式。注意形容词比较级和最高级。【随堂测练4】Heisp________ofhisdaughter,forshealwaysgetsAgradesinallsubjects.Thesickmanisgettingw________.Maybehewilldiesoon.Suchcoldweatherisquiteu________inMayandpeoplehavetowearwarmclothesagain.Shewasa________abigprizeforherhardwork.对定语的判断:做定语词性主要为：形容词，序数词，介词短语。如果是动词的适当形式作定语，动词必须改成todo,doing或done的形式。注意形容词比较级和最高级。【随堂测练5】I’vebeenusedtothec________weatherinLondon.ThevisittoChongmingIslandwasreallyu________,itleftusasweetmemory.That’sonlymyp________opinion.Everyoneiswelcometoshareyours.TheFrenchartistsaid,“Itismyf_______timetovisitShanghai.Ilovethiscitysomuch.”对状语的判断:做状语词性主要为：副词，介词。如果是动词的适当形式作状语，动词必须改成todo,doing或done的形式。【随堂测练6】TheoldladycouldhardlybelievethatshehadgotthetravelpasstoHongKongsoe________.Sheremembereditwashard.IthoughtIwaswrong.A________,itisawisedecision.B________,youneedtomakeupastory.Canyouwriteyourownone?Asyouclimb,yourpartnerpullsyouclimbingropet________somethingcalleda

belaydevice

(绳索控制器).对连词的判断:并列连词and,but,or,so,notonly…butalso,either…or,neither…nor,aswellas,both…and等连接并列的词,词组和句子;从属连词although/though/because/if/unless/when/until/after/before/as/...等连接从句。因此，首字母中一个句子中有从句的话，就考虑从属连词。【随堂测练7】Workharder,a________you’llmakegreatprogressinEnglish.Myjobistoprotecttheinnocentaswella________findtheguilty.A________WaltDisneymademanyofhismostfamousmoviesmanyyearsago,theyareaspopularnowastheywerewhenhemadethem.Youwillfailintheexamu________youstudyharderthanbefore.其他做题思路：依据习惯用法与固定搭配进行填词：如:W________hishelp,theoldmanwassafe.Theboythankedhimverymuch.从句意我们就知道是“在他的帮助下”，withhishelp.依据语法知识进行填词：如:Thesepeopleoftenhavethinwallswhichcan’ts________thenoisefromnextdoor.根据句意我们了解道墙壁很薄，所以不能阻止隔壁的噪音。根据中考词组“stop…from”，所以填stop。依据常识的积累进行填词：如:Butitwastoolate.Hisfriendwasveryangry.Mr.Whitesaidnothingbutonlyoneword“S________.”Mr.White迟到了，他的朋友很生气，他什么都没说，只说了一个字“S

.”我们根据常识肯定是向他的朋友道歉，所以肯定填sorry.依据逻辑推理与句意理解进行填词：如：OneSundayafternoon,Mr.Whitedrovehisnewcartohisfriend’shousehappily.Hewantedtop________

hisfriendupatfiveandthenwenttoseeanewmovietogether.根据句意，Mr.White高兴地开着车去他的朋友家，然后一起去看电影，我们可以进行逻辑推理，他肯定是去接他的朋友，所以填pick.参考答案：【随堂测练1】1.Internet 2.revision 3.robberies 4.others【随堂测练2】1.encouraged/enabled 2.afford 3.improves/increases 4.complain【随堂测练3】1.operating 2.breath 3.choice 4.difficulty【随堂测练4】1.proud 2.worse 3.unusual 4.awarded【随堂测练5】1.changeable2.unforgettable3.personal 4.first【随堂测练6】1.easily 2.Actually 3.Besides 4.through【随堂测练7】1.and 2.as 3.Although 4.unless（2022春·上海徐汇·九年级统考期中）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。Ifyousufferfromshyness(羞怯),youarenotalone,forshynessisauniversalphenomenon.Itisnotsurprisingthatsocialscientistsareexploringitsenvironmentalcauses.Thefirstenvironmentalcauseofshynessmaybeachild’shomeandfamilylife.Today’schildrenaregrowingupinsmallerfamilies,withf____1____relativeslivingnearby.Growingupinhomesinwhichbothparentsworkfulltime,childrenmaynothavethesocializingexperienceoffrequentvisitsbyneighborsandfriends.Becauseoftheirlackofsocialskills,theymaybegintofeelshywhentheystartschool.As____2____environmentalcauseofshynessinanindividualmaybeone’sculture.InalargestudymadeinJapan,57percentofpeoplerated(评估)t____3____asshy.ResearchersLynneHendersonandPhilipZimbardosay,“OneexplanationisthatinJapan,aperson’ss____4____iscreditedexternallyto(表面上归因于)parents,grandparents,teachers,coaches,andothers,whilefailureisentirelyblamedon(完全归咎于)theperson.”Therefore,Japaneselearnnottotakerisksinpublicandrelyi____5____ongroup-shareddecisions.Technologymayalsoplayarole.IntheUnitedStates,thenumberofyoungpeoplewhoreportbeingshyhasr____6____from40percentto50percentinrecentyears.Duetoourhugeadvancesintechnology,watchingtelevision,playingvideogames,andsurfingtheWebhavetakentheplaceofrecreationalactivitiesthatinvolvesocialinteraction(涉及交际互动)formanyyoungpeople.Adults,too,arebecomingmoreisolatedasaresultoftechnology.Face-to-faceinteractionswithbankclerks,gasstationattendantsandshopassistantsarenolongern____7____becausepeoplecanusemachinestodotheirbanking,filltheirgastanks,andordergoods.Inshort,theybecomeshy.Itappearsthatmostpeoplehaveexperiencedshynessatsometimeintheirlives.Therefore,ifyouareshy,youhavelotsofcompany.【答案】1．(f)ewer

2．(s)econd

3．(t)hemselves

4．(s)uccess

5．(i)nstead

6．(r)isen

7．(n)ecessary【导语】本文介绍了如果你感到羞怯，你并不孤单，因为羞怯是一种普遍现象。社会科学家正在探索其环境原因。1．句意：如今的孩子成长在更小的家庭中，附近的亲戚越来越少。根据“Today’schildrenaregrowingupinsmallerfamilies”可知成长在更小的家庭，亲戚更少，fewer“更少的”，修饰可数名词复数。故填(f)ewer。2．句意：造成个人害羞的第二个环境因素可能是一个人的文化。根据“Thefirstenvironmentalcause”可知此处指第二个环境因素，用second表示“第二”。故填(s)econd。3．句意：在日本进行的一项大型研究中，57%的人认为自己害羞。根据“57percentofpeople”可知是评估他们自己，用themselves表示“他们自己”。故填(t)hemselves。4．句意：一种解释是，在日本，一个人的成功从外部归功于父母、祖父母、老师、教练和其他人，而失败则完全归咎于个人。根据“whilefailureisentirelyblamedontheperson”可知此处指成功归功于其他人，success“成功”，作主语。故填(s)uccess。5．句意：因此，日本人学会了不在公共场合冒险，而是依赖集体共同的决定。根据“Japaneselearnnottotakerisksinpublic”可知依赖于集体共同的决定，而不去冒险，用instead表示“代替，反而”。故填(i)nstead。6．句意：近年来，在美国，自称害羞的年轻人数量从40%上升到50%。根据“from40percentto50percent”可知数量上升了，rise“上升”，has后接其过去分词形式risen，构成现在完成时。故填(r)isen。7．句意：人们不再需要与银行职员、加油站服务员和店员进行面对面的交流，因为人们可以使用机器来办理银行业务、加油和订购商品。根据“becausepeoplecanusemachinestodotheirbanking,filltheirgastanks,andordergoods”可知不必要面对面交流，are后用形容词作表语，necessary“必要的”。故填(n)ecessary。（2022春·上海徐汇·九年级上海市徐汇中学校考期中）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。Cellphoneshavebecomeoneofthemostusefuldevicesinthepasthalfcentury.Thefirstcellphonehadonlyoneuse—callingsomeone.Today’ssmart-phonesarereallyminicomputersthatallowuserstodomanythingsatonce.Peoplecansendt___8___andemails,listentomusic,takepicturesandvideos,andfindinformationonline.Cellphonesareperfectforlearninginschool.Forexample,studentscanfindinformationontheInternet,s___9___mathproblemsandsharenotes.Theycanusecalendarsandalarmsforremindersabouthomework,projects,andtests.Theycanevenshareideasonsocialmedia.Someschoolsdon’tallowcellphonesb___10___theythinkthephonescandistractstudentsfromtheirwork.Someteachersworrythatstudentswon’tpayattentionandwillneedtoberemindedtoputdowntheirphones.Theyalsoworrythatstudentswillspendlunchesandrecessplayinggamesorusingsocialmedia.Kidscouldmissoutonqualitytimespentwithfriends.Teachersandparentsalsoworryaboutstudentsusingphonestocheatontestsorbullyothers.Cheatingisunfairanddoesnothelpstudentslearn.Bullyingh___11___classmates.Studiesshowthatyoungerstudentsaremorelikelytobebullediftheyhavecellphones.However,researchershavefoundthatmostparentsandteacherswantstudentstohavephones.Itisimportantforparentsandchildrentobeabletokeepintouch.Teacherslikeusingphonesduringlessonsbecausestudentsaremoreinterestedandpayc___12___attention.Manyteachersfeelthatthebenefitsoutweightheproblemsifstudentslearntousethecellphonesc___13___.Teachersandparentscanteachkidstousecellphonesinasafewaythathelpsthemlearnnewthings.Inclass,phonesshouldbes___14___andusedonlyforlessons.Studentsshouldalsotracktimespentontheirphonesandavoidusingthemtoomuch.Studentsshouldbeallowedtousecellphonesinschool.Settinggoodgroundrulescanimprovelearningforeveryone.【答案】8．(t)exts

9．(s)olve

10．(b)ecause

11．(h)urts

12．(c)loser

13．(c)orrectly

14．(s)tored【导语】本文主要讨论了应不应该让学生在学校使用智能手机的问题。8．句意：人们可以发送短信和电子邮件，听音乐，拍照和视频，并在网上查找信息。根据“Peoplecansend...andemails”及首字母和常识可知，手机可以发短信，text“短信”，此处应用复数形式，与emails形成并列关系，故填(t)exts。9．句意：例如，学生可以在互联网上找到信息，解决数学问题和分享笔记。根据“mathproblems”及首字母可知，应是解决问题，solve“解决”，此处与“findinformation”是并列关系，所以用动词原形，故填(s)olve。10．句意：一些学校不允许学生使用手机，因为他们认为手机会分散学生的学习注意力。空后“theythinkthephonescandistractstudentsfromtheirwork他们认为手机会分散学生的注意力”是空前“不允许学生使用手机”的原因，所以应用because引导原因状语从句，故填(b)ecause11．句意：欺凌会伤害同学。根据“Bullying...classmates”及首字母和常识可知，欺凌会使学生收到伤害，hurt“使受伤”，时态是一般现在