广东省广州市2022年中考英语真题（含答案）

广东省广州市2022年中考英语真题一、语法选择（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1〜15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。WhenIwasnineyearsold,Iwantedtokeepapetfish.Aftermonthsof1．.Ifinallyhadenoughmoneytogetone.InameditBob.Iput2．beautifultoyhousewithwindowsinthetank(鱼缸)sothatBobcouldswimthrough.Sometimes,Iwoulddrawpicturesof3．fishandseaplantsandtapethemtothesideofthetank,soBobwouldn'tgetlonelywhileI4．atschool.However,5．amonth,Inoticedthatthetankwasgettingdirty.Mydadaskedme6．itintothekitchen.HewantedtomakesureIknew7．todosothatBobwouldn'tgethurt.First,mydadtoldmetoreach8．intothetankandtakethehouseaway.9．Itookmyhandoutofthewater,Inoticedthatthewaterwasalot10．thanIthought."That'ssmelly!"Isaid."Let'shurryupand11．thefishoutofthewater,Dad!""Notsofast,Ben,"Dadsaid."Weneedtosavesomeoftheoldwater,12．Bobneedsaplacetostaywhilewecleanthetank.""Why?"Iasked."Runningwaterfromthetapcanbeharmfultofish,"Dadexplained,"That13．wecan'tputBobintofreshwaterrightaway.Instead,weneedtoputhiminacupwith14．ofthedirtywaterforawhile."…Allseemedsoeasy.IhopedthenexttimeIwouldbeabletocleanthetankallby15．.（）1．A．save B．saves C．saved D．saving（）2．A．a B．an C．the D．/（）3．A．other B．others C．theother D．theothers（）4．A．am B．was C．were D．willbe（）5．A．before B．for C．after D．during（）6．A．bring B．bringing C．brought D．tobring（）7．A．where B．what C．how D．why（）8．A．care B．careful C．carefully D．caring（）9．A．If B．Unless C．When D．Though（）10．A．dirty B．dirtier C．dirtiest D．thedirtiest（）11．A．get B．gets C．got D．getting（）12．A．so B．or C．because D．but（）13．A．mean B．means C．meant D．ismeaning（）14．A．few B．afew C．little D．alittle（）15．A．me B．my C．mine D．myself二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16〜25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。Samwasworried.Thefollowingmorning,hewouldhaveartclass.Itwashisfavouriteclass,buttherewasa16．.Samsawtheworlddifferentlyfromeverybodyelse.Whenhedrew,birdshaddifferent-sizedwings,andbuildingshadstrangeshapes.Everytimehepaintedapicture,histeachersandclassmateswouldbe17．.Itwastimefortheartclass.Nervously,Samlookedatthewhitepieceofpaperinfrontofhim."Goodmorning,class,"saidMrWhite."Today,we'regoingtopaint..."Sam18．,wonderingwhatthenextwordwouldbe.Please,hethought,nothouses.Notbuildings^"We'regoingtopaint19．，"saidMrWhite,withasmile."Yes!Great!"saidSam20．."Wecan'tpaintthat!"shoutedMikefromtheothersideoftheclassroom."Sure,youcan,"repliedMrWhite21．."Thinkaboutit,Mike.Whatmakesyouhappy?""Umm…beaches,sunshine,and…ice-cream!"saidMike."Well,thereyougo.That'showyoupaintit.Startworking!"saidMrWhite.Samwasalready22．.Hesplashed(泼洒)largeamountsofpaintalloverthe23．.Itwasreallybeautiful!Therewereshapesthatwedidn'thaveintherealworldandthecoloursweresoshining.Thewholeclass24．andSamlookedproud.Fromthatdayon,Samwasnever25．aboutartclass.Heknewthathecouldpainthappiness,nomatterWhathepainted.（）16．A．difference B．problem C．reason D．way（）17．A．encouragedB．relaxed C．satisfied D．surprised（）18．A．agreed B．replied C．understood D．waited（）19．A．buildings B．houses C．happiness D．summer（）20．A．excitedlyB．carelessly C．kindly D．sadly（）21．A．angrily B．patiently C．secretly D．worriedly（）22．A．painting B．playing C．talking D．writing（）23．A．book B．floor C．paper D．wall（）24．A．cheered B．doubted C．finished D．regretted（）25．A．careful B．certain C．happy D．nervous三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读理解Whenyouandyourfriendsturntoeachothertotalkaboutproblemsortroubles,yougiveeachotheradviceandhelp.Oneimportantthingofourgrowthistomakedecisionstohelpourfriendsandlearntosupporteachother.Thisrequiresustolearnwhatitmeanstohelpfriendsandhowtohelptheminrightways.Thefirststeptowardhelpingothersistoidentifythattheyneedhelp.Weallknowthatdifficultiesarepartofourdailylives.However,sometimessmallthingscanleadtomoreseriousproblemsthatrequiremorehelp.It'simportanttomakesurewhentohelpafriend.Forexample,youmaypickupsomesignsthatyourfriendsarenotactinglikethemselves.Thesesignsshowtheymaynotbewell.Thenextsteptowardhelpingothersistolisten.Payingattentiontootherswhilelisteningisveryimportantthroughoutourlife.Whenwecommunicatewithothers,weneedtolearnwhentospeakandwhennotto.Aslisteners,weshouldtrytounderstandwhatthespeakersarefeelingorexperiencingandtrytoseethingsfromtheirperspectives.Listeningandpayingattentiontootherswhentheyspeakisasignofrespectandaskillthatwillleadtodeeperandbetterrelationships.（）26．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Todiscusswhypeoplehelpeachother. B．Todescribetheproblemsofgivinghelp.C．Tointroducetheadvantagesofgivinghelp. D．Toexplainhowwecanhelpothersproperly.（）27．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"identity"inparagraph2mean?A．Require. B．Discover. C．Suggest. D．Remember.（）28．Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A．Actasagoodlistenertoyourfriends. B．Learnhowtogiveadvicetoyourfriends.C．Payattentiontoyourfriends'unusualacts. D．Buildgoodrelationshipswithyourfriends.（）29．Accordingtothewriter,whatshouldyoudoifyourfriendsdon'tfollowyouradviceontheirseriousproblems?A．Keeptheirproblemsassecrets. B．Letthemmaketheirowndecisions.C．Findoutthecausesoftheirproblems. D．Gethelpfromtheirtrustedteachers.阅读理解Slowlybutsurely,Amyandhergrandparentsweremakingprogress.Boxesofallsizeswereplacedontopofeachotherthroughoutthehouse.Amy'sgrandparentshadlivedinthehouseforyearsandtheyhadcollectedmanythings.Thediningroomwasfoilofmemories.Amy'sgrandfatherkeptmanyfinedinnerplates(盘子)fromhishometown.Amyrememberedthattheyatefromthered,yellow,andblueplatesduringimportantholidays.Aftercarefullywrappingup(包裹)theplatesandputtingthemintoabox,Amylifteditupandmoveditoutoftheway.Buttheboxwastooheavy.Itsuddenlyfellfromherarmsanddroppedtothefloor.Allthreeofthemheardtheplatesshatter."I'msorry!"Amyapologised."It'sokay,"hergrandfathersaidquietly."Itwasanaccident?"Theyopenedtheboxand,sureenough,manyoftheplateswerebroken.Onlyafewremainedwhole.Lookingatthesmallpieces,Amyfeltreallyterrible.Sheknewtheseplateswerepasseddownfromhergreatgrandparentsand..."Don'tworry,"hergrandmothersaid,pattingherontheback.Carefully,theyputthebrokenpiecesintoarubbishbag.Theycontinuedpackingforalittlewhile,butAmystillfeltverysorry.Shewastryingveryhardtothinkofawaytomakeitupforhergrandparents.Soon,Amy'sfathercame."Ihavetogo,"shesaid."Dadisheretopickmeup."Shekissedhergrandparentsboth,pickedupthebagofthebrokenpiecesandleft."What'sthat?"herfatherasked,asAmyclimbedintothecar.Amylookedatthebaginherhandsasanideacametoher,"This,"shesaid,"isanartproject?Thefollowingday,Amywenttoanartstoreandboughteverythingsheneeded.Thenshestartedtowork.Sheusedathinboardasthebase.Thenshetookoutthecolourfulplatepiecesandgluedtheminacreativewayontheboard.Whenitwasdry,Amywrappeditup.Afewdayslater,Amy'sfamilyhadabigdinnerathergrandparents'newhouse.Shehandedhergifttohergrandparents."Thisisfantastic,Amy!"saidhergrandfather."Ican'twaittohangitupinournewhome,"Amy'sgrandmothersaidasshegaveherabighug.（）30．WhatwasAmyhelpinghergrandparentsdoatthebeginningofthestory?A．Movetoanewhouse. B．Wrapupsomepresents.C．Collectfinedinnerplates. D．Prepareabigfamilydinner.（）31．WhydidAmyfeelsonyforthebrokenplates?A．Theywereneverusedbythefamily. B．Theywerevaluableholidaypresents.C．Theyweremeaningfulfamilytreasures. D．Theywereexpensivehometownproducts.（）32．HowdidAmyfinallydealwiththebrokenplatepieces?A．Shesentthemtoanartstore. B．Sheputtheminherfather'scar.C．Shemadeaspecialgiftwiththem. D．Shethrewthemintoarubbishbag.（）33．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAmy?A．Kindandcreative. B．ravebutforgetful.C．carelessbuthelpful. D．Funnyandhardworking阅读理解CharlesDarwinEarlyyearsCharlesDarwinwasoneofthesixchildrenfromabigfamily.HisgrandfatherandfatherweredoctorsandtheyoungDarwinwenttoEdinburghUniversitytostudymedicine.However,hehatedtoseebloodandhesoonrealizedthathecouldn'tbeadoctor.HethenwenttoCambridgeUniversityanddiscoveredthathehadagreatinterestinstudyingplants,insectsandanimals.Luckily,oneofDarwin'suniversityteachershelpedhimjointheperfecttripforabiologist:avoyagearoundtheworldtostudynature.TheBeagleIn1831,CharlesDarwinleftPlymouthonTheBeagle,ashipthattookhimaroundtheworldforfiveyears.Whilehewastravelling,hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsinthecountriesandontheislandsthattheshipvisited.DarwinalsospenthistimeonTheBeaglewritingnotesaboutthethingshehadseen.WhenhefinallyarrivedbackinBritain,Darwinwasalreadystartingtocreatehisfamoustheorythatalllivingthingshadacommonancestor(祖先).DownhouseAthomeatDownHouse,aplacethatyoucanstillvisittoday,Darwinwrotemanyarticlesandbooksabouthistravels,buthedidn'twanttomakeanythingabouthistheoryknowntothepublic.Heworkedinhisstudy,wherehewrote250,000wordsabouthistheoryofevolution(进化论),buthewasfrightenedaboutwhatpeoplemightsayabouthisideathatmonkeysweretheancestorsofhumans.Hethoughtthepublicwouldbeagainstitandwassofrightenedthathebecameillwithworry.However;whenanotherscientiststartedtowriteaboutsimilarideas,Darwindecidedtoprinthisbook,OntheOriginofSpecies.MostscientistsacceptedDarwin'stheoryandpeoplecontinuetostudyittoday.On12thFebruarythedayhewasborn,DarwinDayiscelebratedaroundtheworldtoencouragemorepeopletostudythenaturalworld.（）34．WhatcausedDarwintogiveuphisstudyofmedicine?A．Hedidn'tlikeseeingblood. B．Hefoundthestudiestoodifficult.C．Hewaspushedtogiveupbyhisfamily. D．Hewasadvisedtostudynaturalscience.（）35．WhywasthetriponTheBeagleimportanttoDarwin?A．Ithelpedhimtofinishhisstudyattheuniversity.B．Itallowedhimtochangehismindabouthisfixture.C．Itgavehimideasaboutthebeginningsofhumanlife.D．Itgothimtocompletehismostfamousbookontheship.（）36．InwhatorderdidthefollowinghappeninDarwin'slife?a.HearrivedbackinBritainin1836.b.Hethoughtthepublicwouldnotsupporthisideas.c.Hebecameinterestedinstudyingthenaturalworld.d.Heprintedhisfamousbook,OntheOriginofSpecies.e.Hereceivedhelptogetaplaceonatriparoundtheworld.f.Hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsontheislandshevisited.A．e→f→c→a→b→d B．c→e→f→a→b→dC．e-→f→a→c→d→b D．c→e→f→d→a→b（）37．Whydidthewriterincludethelastparagraph?A．TointroduceDarwin'sfamousbook. B．TotellhowpeoplecelebrateDarwinDay.C．ToexplainwhypeopleacceptDarwin'sideas. D．ToshowDarwin'sinfluenceonnaturalscience.阅读理解Imagineyouareinanewcity.Youasksomeonehowtogettoabookstore.Theytellyoutogostraight,turnleft,andyouwillfinditonyourleft.Infact,youcanalsofindyourwaywithaphone.Nowimagineyouareinanoutdoorgame.Youonlyhaveamapandacompass,andinsteadofrunningdownacityroad,youmayneedtorunaroundinthewoods,climboverrocksandgoupanddownhills.Welcometoorienteering!Inthegameoforienteering,playersuseamapandacompasstofindstations.Thesestationsarecalledcontrols.Aspecialflag,usuallyinbrightcolours,markseachcontrol.Controlsarenoteasytofind.Theymaybeinfrontofabigrockorbehindatree.Inmostofthegames,you'llhavetofindcontrolsinnumberedorder,butinsomegamesyoucanchangetheorder.Ateachcontrol,playersmarkacardtheycarrywiththemandthecardwillbemarkedindifferentways(SeeFigure1).Thecardsareveryimportantbecauseplayersmustfindallthecontrolstowin.Ifsomeonemissesacontrol,theywon'thavethatmarkontheircards.Theymightcrossthefinishlinefirst,butthenextpersontofinishwithafullcardwillwinthegame.（）38．Whatwillplayerscarryinthegame?A．Amap,acompassandaflag. B．Aflag,acompassandacard.C．Acompass,amapandacard. D．Aphone,acompassandamap.（）39．Whichofthefollowingisaruleofthegame?A．Youdon'tneedtomarkthecards. B．Youcan'tmissanyofthecontrolstowin.C．Youhavetofindcontrolsinnumberedorder. D．Youmustbethefirsttopassthefinishlinetowin.（）40．HowmanycontrolshasAnnafinishedinthegame?A．9. B．10. C．11. D．12.四、阅读填空(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项。Weallknowthatexerciseisgoodforus,don'twe?41．Justthinkingabouthavingtorunorswimalongwaycanbeenoughtomakesomepeoplewanttoliedownandgiveup!However,didyouknowthatexerciseisnotallaboutdoingsport?42．Movingourbodiescausesourbrainstogiveoutsomespecialchemicalsthatcreateagoodfeeling.Justtenminutesofworkingoutcanleaveusfeelinghappier.Moreover,regularexercisehelpsusfeelfresherandgettosleepmoreeasily.Finally,ifweconnectourexercisewithahealthydiet,wewilllookhealthierandfeelmoreconfidentaboutourselves.Soundslikeagooddeal,doesn'tit?43．Ifexercisehasn'tbeenpartofyourlifeforalongtime,thereisnopointtrainingforamarathon(马拉松):youwillsoongiveupandgobacktoyouroldways!Walkingandridingbikesaroundthelocalparkfortenminuteseverydayaregreatwaystodevelopafitnesshabit.Chooseanactivitythatnotonlyexercisesyourbody,butthatyoualsoenjoy.Somepeoplesimplygojoggingwhilelisteningtotheirfavouritemusic.Otherstakeupactivitiessuchasdancingorplayingbasketballwiththeirfriends.Maketheexperiencemoreenjoyableasyouworkout.44．Itdoesn'tmatterhowmuchweexercise.Doingregularexerciseisn'tjustaboutappearance.45．Whowouldn'twantthat?A.Startsmall!B.Thatway,you'llnevergiveitup!C.It'saboutbeinghealthierandfeelinghappier.D.Forastart,exerciseisnotjustaboutthebody.E.Butwealsoknowthatnoteverybodylovesdoingit.五、语篇填词(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。DunhuangisahistoriccityinGansu.Inancienttimes,Dunhuangwasanimportantc46．oftrade.AstheSilkRoaddeveloped,DunhuangbecameChina'swesterngatewaytotheworld.Here,differentculturesmetandinfluencedeachother.Peoplefromf47．countriesdidbusinessandcommunicatedwiththelocalpeople.Ifyouv48．Dunhuang,youwillbeabletoseetheMogaoCaves(莫高窟).Ifyouwalki49．,youwilldiscoversomeofthewonderfulartworks.Thereareover45,000squaremetresofbeautifulpaintingsonthecavewalls,aswellasthousandsofstatues.Overtheyears,ChinahasmadegreateffortstoprotecttheMogaoCaves.Today,youcanalsofindhigh-qualityphotosoftheartworksontheInternet.Peopleallovertheworldnowhaveac50．toseeDunhuang'streasuresonline.六、完成句子，根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。（每空限填一词）（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）51．凯特计划参加学校科学日活动。KatewasplanningtotheactivitiesontheschoolScienceDay.52．凯特想知道她是否能为科学日做些事。KatewonderedsomethingfortheScienceDay.53．一开始，凯特小组制作水火箭有困难。Atfirst,Kate'sgroupthebottlerocket.54．在科学老师的帮助下，凯特小组的水火箭得以成功发射。Withthehelpofthescienceteacher,thebottlerocketsuccessfullybyKate'sgroup.55．学校科学日很精彩。凯特小组真高兴！TheschoolScienceDaywaswonderful.Kate'sgroupwere!七、书面表达（共1题，满分15分）56．你校将兴建新图书馆，学校英文报以"MyGreenSchoolLibrary"为题向学生征稿。请根据以下思维导图的内容提示写一篇短文投稿，介绍你所设计（design）的绿色图书馆。注意：1）可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息；2）词数80词左右（短文的开头已给出，不计入词数）；3）不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。MyGreenSchoolLibrarylwanttodesignagreenschoollibrary.

答案解析部分【答案】1．D；2．A；3．A；4．B；5．C；6．D；7．B；8．C；9．C；10．B；11．A；12．C；13．B；14．D；15．D【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了作者小时候喜欢养鱼并为鱼换水的故事。【点评】考查故事类阅读。根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整。1．句意：经过几个月的攒钱我终于有足够的钱买了一个。save节省，攒钱，动词原形；saves第三人称单数；saved过去式；saving现在分词或者动名词。根据见面的介词of可知后跟动名词。故答案为D。2．句意：我给它取名为鲍勃，我在鱼缸里放了一个漂亮的带窗户的玩具屋，这样鲍勃就可以游过去了。a不定冠词，一个，用在辅音音素词前；an一个，不定冠词，用在元音音素词前；the定冠词，表示特指，也可指已提到或易领会到的人或事物；/零冠词。根据语境和句意可知这里是第一次提到，beautifultoy，表泛指，用不定冠词，beautiful以辅音音素开头，用a。故答案为A。3．句意：有时，我会画一些其他鱼类和海生植物的图片，然后把它们粘在鱼缸的一边，这样鲍勃就不会在我上学的时候感到孤独了。other其他的，后常跟复数名词，表示泛指；others其他人(物)，后面不能接名词；theother两者的另一个；theothers特指剩余的其他人(物)；根据fishandseaplants可知此处是修饰后面的复数名词，用形容词other，泛指其他的，别的。故答案为A。4．句意：有时，我会画一些其他鱼类和海生植物的图片，然后把它们粘在鱼缸的一边，这样鲍勃就不会在我上学的时候感到孤独了。am第一人称单数现在时；was，is和am的过去式，用于第一和第三人称单数；were，are的过去式，用于主语是复数和第二人称单数；willbe一般将来时。根据soBobwouldn'tgetlonelywhileI...school."可知句子是一般过去时，用动词过去式，主语为I，用was。故答案为B。5．句意：然而，一个月后，我注意到鱼缸变脏了。before在之前；for后跟时间段，表示持续一段时间；after在之后;during在……期间。根据Inoticedthatthetankwasgettingdirty.可知，应该是过了一个月后，才发现鱼缸变脏的。故答案为C。6．句意：我爸爸让我把它带到厨房。bring带来，带……到某处，动词原形；bringing现在分词或者动名词；brought过去式，过去分词；tobring动词不定式。根据"Mydadaskedme和固定搭配asksbtodosth，让某人做某事，可知用动词不定式，故答案为D。7．句意：他想确保我知道该做什么，以免鲍勃受伤。where哪里；what什么；how如何；why为什么。根据Iknew7todo可知，此处为特殊疑问词+动词不定式的结构，作knew的宾语，用疑问代词what，whattodo做什么，其他是副词，不符合题意，故答案为B。8．句意：首先，我爸爸让我小心地把手伸进鱼缸，把房子搬走。care关心，动词，名词；careful小心的，形容词；carefully小心地，副词；caring关心，动名词或者现在分词。根据reach可知这里是修饰动词，用副词，故答案为C。9．句意：当我把手从水里拿出来时，我注意到水比我想象的要脏得多。If如果；Unless除非；Ween.当……时候；Though虽然。根据tookmyhandoutofthewater,Inoticedthatthewaterwasal..than1thought."可知when，当……时候，引导时间状语从句，符合题意，故答案为C。10．句意：当我把手从水里拿出来时，我注意到水比我想象的要脏得多。dirty肮脏的；dirtier比较级，更脏；dirtiest最脏的，最高级；thedirtiest，定冠词the+最高级，最脏的。根据alot和than（比）可知这里是比较级，故答案为B。11．句意：爸爸，我们赶快把鱼从水里捞出来吧！get得到，原形；gets第三人称单数；got过去式。getting现在分词或者动名词。根据letsbdo让某人做某事，和Let'shurryupand可知这里是并列的单词原形，故答案为A。12．句意：我们需要保留一些旧水，因为我们清洗鱼缸时，鲍勃需要一个地方住。so因此；or或者；because因为；bu但是；根据Weneedtosavesomeoftheoldwater,和Bobneedsaplacetostaywhilewecleanthetank.可知后面是前面的原因，用because，故答案为C。13．句意：那意味着我们不能马上把鲍勃放进淡水里。mean意思是，原形；means第三人称单数；meant过去式；ismeaning现在进行时；根据Instead,weneedtoputhiminacup可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语用动词第三人称单数，故答案为B。14．句意：相反，我们需要把他放在一个装有少量脏水的杯子里一段时间。few几乎没有，修饰可数名词；afew一些，修饰可数名词；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；alttle有点儿，修饰不可数名词。根据oftheditywater可知，此处water为不可数名词，且表示肯定含义，使用alittle，故答案为D。15．句意：一切似乎都很容易。我希望下次我能独自清洗水箱。me我，宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词。根据byoneself"独自，可知用反身代词，故答案为D。【答案】16．B；17．D；18．D；19．C；20．A；21．B；22．A；23．C；24．A；25．D【解析】【分析】短文大意：文章介绍萨姆由担心上美术课到喜欢上美术课的故事。【点评】考查故事类阅读。根据前后文的语境，认真辨析选项里的单词或短语的词义，结合词性，短语，句型，时态，语态和主谓一致，选出正确的选项。16．句意：这是他最喜欢的课，但有一个问题。difference差异，不同；problem问题；reason原因；way方式，方法。根据Itwashisfavouriteclass和下面的转折but"he"Samsawtheworlddifferentlyfromeverybodyelse.可知是指有一个问题。故答案为B。17．句意：萨姆很惊讶，不知道下一个单词会是什么。encouraged受鼓舞的；relaxed放松的；satisfied满意的；surprised惊讶的；根据Samsawtheworlddifferentlyfromeverybodyelse.Whenhedrew,birdshaddifrent-sizedwings,andbuildingshadstrangeshapes."可知，此处老师和同学是惊讶的，故答案为D。18．句意：萨姆等着，不知道下一个字会是什么。agreed同意；replied回复；understood理解；waited等待。根据wonderingwhatthenextwordwouldbe.Please,hethought,nothouses.Notbuildings可知，他在等待着老师说出要画的内容。故答案为D。19．句意：怀特先生笑着说：“我们要画幸福"。buildings建筑；houses房子；happiness快乐，幸福；summer夏天；根据Whatmakesyouhappy?和Heknewthathecouldpainthapiness可知，此处画的是幸福，故答案为C。20．句意：“是的！太好了！”萨姆兴奋地说。excitedly兴奋地；carelessly粗心地；kindly体贴地，友好地；sadly伤心地；根据'Yes!Great!可知萨姆很兴奋，故答案为A。21．句意：“当然可以，”怀特先生耐心地回答。angrily生气地；patiently有耐心地；secrely秘密地；worriedly担忧地；根据Wecan'tpaintthat!”shoutedMikefromtheothersideofthecassroom.可知怀特先生听到了迈克的反对建议，没有生气，耐心地回复。故答案为B。22．句意：萨姆已经在画画了。painting画；playing玩；talking交谈；writing写；根据Hesplashed(泼洒)largeamountsofpaintalloverthe8.可知，萨姆已经在进行绘画了。故答案为A。23．句意：他把大量的颜料泼洒在纸上。book书；floo地板；paper纸；wall墙。根据Nervously,Samlokedatthewhitepieceofpaperinfrontofhim.可知，应该在纸上进行绘画，故答案为C。24．句意：全班同学都欢呼起来，萨姆看起来很自豪。cheered欢呼；doubted怀疑；finished结束，完成；regretted后悔；根据Samlookedproud可知，全班都为他欢呼，故答案为A。25．句意：从那天起，萨姆对美术课从不紧张。careful小心的；certain确定的；happy开心的；nervous紧张不安的。根据Nervously,Samlookedatthewhitepieceofpaperinfrontofhim.和Heknewthathecouldpainthapness可知之前是紧张的，但现在得到了大家的认可，就不再紧张了。故答案为D。【答案】26．D27．B28．A29．C【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文讲述了帮助朋友意味着什么和怎样用正确的方式帮助朋友的建。【点评】考查日常生活类阅读。段落大意题不能只凭文段中的只言片语而断章取义，需要在细读整段的基础上进行逻辑思维推理判断，从而获取本段内含的信息。26．推理判断题。根据Thisrequiresustolearnwhatitmeanstohelpfriendsandhowtohelptheminrightways可知本文主要为了讲述帮助朋友意味着什么，怎样以正确的方式帮助朋友。故答案为D。27．词义猜测题。根据It'simportanttomakesurewhentohelpafriend.Forexample,youmaypickupsomesignsthatyourfriendsarenotactinglikethemselves.Thesesignsshowtheymaynotbewell.可知，确认什么时候帮助朋友是重要的，“identify"表示“认识到”，“discover"发现，了解到，符合题意，故答案为B。28．段落大意题。根据Thenextsteptowardhelpingothersistolisten.Payingatentiontootherswhilelisteningisveryimportantthroughoutourlife结合第三段的内容，可知第三段讲述帮助朋友接下来的一步是做一个好的聆听者。故答案为A。29．推理判断题。根据Aslisteners,weshouldtrytounderstandwhatthespeakersarefelingorexperiencingandtrytoseethingsfromtheirperspectives可知，如果在很严重的问题上朋友不听取你的建议，你应该努力弄懂朋友的感受和经历，努力从他们的角度看问题。可知需要弄清楚问题的原因。故答案为C。【答案】30．A31．C32．C33．A【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文讲述艾米帮祖父母搬家的时候打破了盘子，她用碎片制作了一份礼物送给了祖父母的故事。【点评】考查故事类阅读。在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。30．推理判断题。根据Slowlybutsurely,Amyandhergrandparentsweremakingprogress.Boxesofallsizeswereplacedontopofeachotherthroughoutthehouse.和Aftercarefullywrappinguptheplatesandputtingthemintoabox,Amylifteditupandmoveditoutoftheway"可知艾米帮祖父母把东西打包搬家。故答案为A。31．推理判断题。根据Sheknewtheseplateswerepasseddownfromhergreatgrandparents”可知这些盘子是从祖祖父母那里传下来的，可知是有特殊意义的家族财宝。故答案为C。32．推理判断题。根据shetookoutthecolourfulplatepiecesandgluedtheminacreativewayontheboard.Whenitwasdry,Amywrappeditup和Shehandedhergifttohergrandparents"可知她用破碎的盘子制作了一份礼物。故答案为C。33．推理判断题。根据短文内容可知本文讲述艾米帮祖父母搬家的时候打破了盘子后，她用盘子碎片制作了一份礼物送给了祖父母。可知艾米非常善良而且有创意。故答案为A。【答案】34．A35．C36．B37．D【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了达尔文。结合了他的学习和旅行经历，讲述达尔文研究自然世界，并完成《物种起源》的经历。【点评】考查人物传记类阅读。细节理解题要结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。34．细节理解题。根据hehatedtoseebloodandhesoonrealizedthathecouldn'tbeadoctor可知达尔文讨厌看到血，所以放弃了学医。故答案为A。35．细节理解题。根据DarwinalsospenthistimeonTheBeaglewritingnotesaboutthethingshehadseen.WhenhefinallyarrivedbackinBritain,Darwinwasalreadystartingtocreatehisfamoustheorythatalllivingthingshadacommonancestor(祖先).可知达尔文在“小猎户号"船上的旅行，让他开始创造他有名的理论，他认为所有的生物都有一个共同的祖先。故答案为C。36．推理判断题。a、他于1836年回到英国。b、他认为公众不会支持他的想法。c、他开始对研究自然世界感兴趣。d、他出版了他的名著《物种起源》。e、他得到了帮助，得以在世界各地旅行中获得一席之地。f、他研究了他访问的岛屿上的植物和动物。根据hehadagreatinterestinstudyingplants,insectsandanimals可知他对学习自然世界感兴趣。根据oneofDarwin'suniversityteachershelpedhim,jointheperfecttripforabiologist:avoyagearoundtheworldtostudynature可知他得到帮助可以去环球航行。根据hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsinthecountriesandontheislandsthattheshipvisited"可知他在岛上研究植物和动物。根据WhenhefinallyrrivedbackinBritain可知，他回到英国。根据hewasfrightenedabouwhatpeoplemightsayabouthisideathatmonkeysweretheancestorsofhumans可知他认为大众不会支持他的想法。根据Darwindecidedtoprinthisbook,OntheOriginofSpecies可知他出版了他的书《物种起源》。正确的顺序是c→e→f→a→b→d，故答案为B。37．推理判断题。根据DarwinDayiscelebratedaroundtheworldtoencouragemorepeopletostudythenaturalworld.可知达尔文日是为了鼓励更多的人研究自然科学。可知作者加上最后一段是为了展示达尔文在自然科学上的影响。故答案为D。【答案】38．C39．B40．B【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文讲述定向运动游戏的具体操作规则。【点评】考查说明文阅读。首先要读题干，划出题干中的关键词，再根据关键词定位至文中，这样就能容易的找到正确答案。38．细节理解题。根据Inthegameoforienteering,playersuseamapandacompasstofindstations.和Ateachcontrol,playersmarkacardtheycarrywiththemandthecardwillbemarkedindifferentways(SeeFigure1).可知在游戏中，需要携带一张地图，一个指南针和一张卡片。故答案为C。39．推理判断题。根据Ifsomeonemissesacontrol,theywon'thavethatmarkontheircard可知如果错过了一个控制点，就不会在卡片上得到那个得分，可知不能错过赢的任何控制点。故答案为B。40．推理判断题。根据表格的控制点有1到5，7到9，和11到12，可知共完成10个控制点。故答案为B。【答案】41．E；42．D；43．A；44．B；45．C【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了锻炼应从小的方面着手，做让人享受的运动，这样才能让人更健康更开心。

选项意义：

A.Startsmall!从小事做起！

B.Thatway,you'llnevergiveitup!这样，你就永远不会放弃了！

C.It'saboutbeinghealthierandfeelinghappier..这是关于更健康和感觉更快乐。

D.Forastart,exerciseisnotjustaboutthebody.首先，运动不仅仅关乎身体。

E.Butwealsoknowthatnoteverybodylovesdoingit.但是我们也知道不是每个人都喜欢这样做。

【点评】考查任务型阅读。关键是跳过空白句，先通读全文，然后结合上下文的意思，找到合适的句子，如果有困难，我们可以逐一把句子代入进行比较，找到符合空白处的选项。最后再通读全文进行核对更正。41．根据下文Justthinkingabouthavingtorunorswimalongwaycanbeenoughtomakesomepeoplewanttoliedownandgiveup可知跑或者游泳很长一段路会让人想躺倒放弃，可知讲述锻炼对人有好处，但是不是每个人都会喜欢。结合选项，可知E.Butwealsoknowthatnoteverybodylovesdoingit.但是我们也知道不是每个人都喜欢这样做。符合上下文语境，故答案为E。42．根据下文Movingourbodiescausesourbrainstogiveoutsomespecialchemicalsthatcreateagoodfeling和Moreover,regularexercisehelpsusfeelfresherandgettosleepmoreeasily可知，身体的运动引起人的大脑的变化，帮助人感觉更新鲜更容易睡着，可知讲述除了身体，锻炼对人其他方面的影响。结合选项，可知D.Forastart,exerciseisnotjustaboutthebody.首先，运动不仅仅关乎身体。符合题意，故答案为D。43．根据下文youwillsoongiveupandgobacktoyouroldways!Walkingandridingbikesaroundthelocalparkfortenminuteseverydayaregreatwaystodevelopafitnesshabit.可知，每天走路骑自行车十分钟是形成锻炼习惯的好方法，这样人不会放弃。可知句子讲述应从小的方面着手。结合选项，可知A.Startsmall!从小事做起！相符合。故答案为A。44．根据上文Chooseanactivitythatnotonlyexercisesyourbody,butthatyoualsoenjoy.和Maketheexperiencemoreenjoyableasyouworkout可知，选择的锻炼活动不仅能有益于身体，而且让人享受。可知句子讲述让人享受的运动对人的益处。结合选项可知B.Thatway,you'llnevergiveitup!这样，你就永远不会放弃了！符合题意。故答案为B。45．根据上文Doingregularexerciseisn'tjustaboutappearance.可知有规律的锻炼不只是关于外表，结合上文讲述对人其他方面的益处和锻炼让人享受，可知这里讲述锻炼对人的好处，结合选项，可知C.It'saboutbeinghealthierandfeelinghappier..这是关于更健康和感觉更快乐。符合题意。故答案为C。【答案】46．center/centre；47．foreign；48．visit；49．inside；50．chance【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了敦煌在古代是贸易中心，在敦煌可以看到莫高窟和很多艺术作品，现在人们可以在网上看到敦煌的珍宝。

【点评】考查单词拼写。根据句意，结合时态，语态，词性，短语，句型和主谓一致，根据开头字母的提示，填入正确形式的单词。46．句意：在古代，敦煌是一重要的贸易中心。根据an可知是单数名词作表语。根据AstheSilkRoaddeveloped,Dunh