2024-2025学年高中英语Unit5Adelicateworld预习新知早知道1教师用书外研版选择性必修第二册

PAGEUnit5AdelicateworldⅠ.匹配词义a．单词匹配()1.habitat A．v.倒坍，塌下()2.appetite B．n.生态，生态学()3.chaos C．n.栖息地()4.collapse D．n.胃口，食欲()5.ecology E．n.大混乱；紊乱[答案]1—5CDEABb．短语匹配()1.inconsequence A．与……协调一样/和谐共处()2.leadto B．反过来()3.onbehalfof C．导致()4.inharmonywith D．代表()5.inturn E．结果[答案]1—5ECDABⅡ.默写单词1．dramaticallyadv. 显著地；戏剧性地2．subsequentlyadv. 后来，随后3．multiplyv. (使)大大增加，(使)倍增4．conservationn. 爱护5．virusn. 病毒6．decreasev. (使)削减；(使)变小7．trapn. 夹子，陷阱8．departuren. 离开9．explodev. 突然增加；爆炸10．substantialadj. 大量的，多的Ⅰ.语境填词collapse；conservation；multiply；substantial；owe；incident；trap；habitat；appetite；decrease1．Thepartyhasjustlostofficeandwithitasubstantialnumberofseats.2．Cigarettesmokingmultipliestheriskofcancer.3．Thepanda'snaturalhabitatisthebambooforest.4．Hesufferedfromheadachesandlossofappetite．5．Myfather'slifeworkwasdevotedtotheconservationoftheLongleatestate.6．Donotfallintothistrap．7．Thenumberofnewstudentsdecreasedfrom210to160thisyear.8．Theroofcollapsedundertheweightofsnow.9．Therewasashootingincidentnearherelastnight.10．Thecompanyowesmoneytomorethan60banks.Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1．Butsincethenthenon­eliteshaveimproveddramatically(dramatical)．2．Subsequently(subsequent),theyheardthathehadobtainedCanadiancitizenship.3．Multiplication(multiply)ofcellsleadstorapidgrowthoftheorganism.4．Therewasaloudexplosion(explode)andthenthebuildingburstintoflames.5．Globalecological(ecology)effortscaneasilybeatoddswithlocalecologies.1．Thegreengrassandbarerockofitslandscapecontrastdramatically,givingitawildandnaturalbeauty.青草和光秃秃的岩石形成了显明的对比，使它具有一种野性和自然的美。2．Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants,includingroyalpenguins,kingpenguins,andelephantseals,existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.他们也会去想象岛上的栖息动物，包括皇家企鹅、王企鹅和象海豹，是如何与自然栖息地和谐共存数千年的。3．Looseontheisland,theydidwhatrabbitsdobest—theymultipliedrapidlyandbeganeatingthenativevegetationanddiggingholes,whichcausedsoilerosion.在岛上逍遥自由，它们尽其所能——快速繁殖，起先吃当地的植被并挖洞，造成水土流失。4．Thecatsinconsequenceturnedtheirattention—andtheirstomachs—backtothenativebirds,killingupto60，000eachyear.结果，这些猫把留意力又转移到了当地的鸟类身上——它们又吃起鸟来——每年捕杀的鸟多达6万只。名师圈点①MacquarieIsland麦夸里岛，是澳大利亚的一个岛，位于太平洋西南边陲，距塔斯马尼亚州东南部1500公里，大约相当于从澳洲到南极洲的一半路程。②stormyadj.有暴风雨的③sculptv．塑造④landscapen．风景⑤contrastv．对比；比照⑥dramaticallyadv.显著地；戏剧性地⑦heritagen．遗产；传统⑧inhabitantn．居民⑨inharmonywith与……一样/和谐相处⑩habitatn．栖息地⑪tragicadj.凄惨的；可悲的⑫unknowinglyadv.不知道地⑬takeover占据，占据⑭attackvt.进攻，攻击⑮subsequentlyadv.后来，随后⑯appetiten．胃口，食欲⑰meanwhileadv.与此同时⑱multiplyv．(使)大大增加，(使)倍增⑲vegetationn．植物，草木(总称)⑳erosionn．侵蚀；逐步破坏eq\o(○,\s\up2(21))plentifuladj.足够的；丰富的eq\o(○,\s\up2(22))inturn反过来；轮番eq\o(○,\s\up2(23))leadto导致eq\o(○,\s\up2(24))parakeetn．长尾(小)鹦鹉eq\o(○,\s\up2(25))dieout灭亡eq\o(○,\s\up2(26))reserven．爱护区eq\o(○,\s\up2(27))outofcontrol失去限制eq\o(○,\s\up2(28))comeupwith想出；提出eq\o(○,\s\up2(29))virusn．病毒eq\o(○,\s\up2(30))releasevt.释放eq\o(○,\s\up2(31))decreasev．(使)削减；(使)变小eq\o(○,\s\up2(32))inconsequence结果eq\o(○,\s\up2(33))inthe1980s二十世纪八十年头eq\o(○,\s\up2(34))departuren．离开eq\o(○,\s\up2(35))orso大约；也许eq\o(○,\s\up2(36))turnout结果是；证明是eq\o(○,\s\up2(37))immunityn．免疫力eq\o(○,\s\up2(38))explodev．突然增加eq\o(○,\s\up2(39))collapsev．倒坍，塌下eq\o(○,\s\up2(40))substantialadj.大量的；很多的eq\o(○,\s\up2(41))participatein参与；参与eq\o(○,\s\up2(42))helicoptern．直升飞机eq\o(○,\s\up2(43))interventionn．干预；介入原文呈现MACQUARIEISLAND：fromChaostoConservationIamstandingonMacquarieIsland①，intheSouth­westPacificOcean,halfwaybetweenAustraliaandAntarctica.Strongwindsandstormy②seashavehelpedsculpt③itslong,thinshape.Thegreengrassandbarerockofitslandscape④contrast⑤dramatically⑥，givingitawildandnaturalbeauty.[1]NovisitorwouldthinkitsurprisingthattheislandisaUNESCOWorldHeritage⑦Site.[2]Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants⑧，includingroyalpenguins，kingpenguins，andelephantseals,existedinperfectharmonywith⑨theirnaturalhabitat⑩forthousandsofyears.[3][1]句中givingitawildandnaturalbeauty作结果状语。[2]it作形式宾语；真正的宾语是that引导的从句。[3]本句是倒装句，nor置于句首，would提前。Buttheisland'smorerecenthistorytellsadifferentstory.It'satragic⑪storythatbeganin1810whenhumansarrivedontheisland.Intheirshipstheyunknowingly⑫broughtratsandmice.Thesesmallanimalsquicklytookover⑬theisland,eatingthebirds'eggsandattacking⑭babybirds.Catswerebroughttotheislandtocontroltheratsandmice.Unfortunately,thecatssubsequently⑮developedanappetite⑯forthebirds,too.Meanwhile⑰，rabbitswereintroducedtotheislandasasourceoffoodforhumans.Looseontheisland,theydidwhatrabbitsdobest—theymultiplied⑱rapidlyandbeganeatingthenativevegetation⑲anddiggingholes,whichcausedsoilerosion⑳.[4]Theexplodingrabbitpopulationprovidedplentifuleq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(21)))foodforthecats,meaningthatthenumberofcatsalsoincreased.Thisinturneq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(22)))ledtoeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(23)))morecatshuntingthebirds.Theendresultwasthatparakeetseq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(24))),oncelargeinnumberandnativetotheisland,diedouteq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(25)))in1891.[4]which引导非限定性定语从句。EvenafterMacquarieIslandbecameanofficialnaturereserveeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(26)))inthe1970s,therabbitsremainedoutofcontroleq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(27))).Expertsfeltitnecessarytocomeupwitheq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(28)))aplantoremovealltherabbitsfromtheisland.[5]Withthisgoalinmind,aviruseq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(29)))wasreleasedeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(30)))ontotheisland.Butalthoughtheviruscausedtherabbitpopulationtodecreaseeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(31)))from130，000toaround10，000,italsomeantlessfoodforthecats.Thecatsinconsequenceeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(32)))turnedtheirattention—andtheirstomachs—backtothenativebirds,killingupto60，000eachyear.[6]Inthe1980seq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(33))),trapsanddogswereusedtocatchthecats.ThelastMacquarieIslandcatwascaughtin2000.[5]it作形式宾语；真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语。[6]killingupto60，000是现在分词短语作结果状语。Butasthesayinggoes,“Whilethecat'saway,themicewillplay.”Withthedepartureeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(34)))ofthecatsfromtheisland,themouseandratpopulationstartedtoincrease.Andrememberthose10，000orsoeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(35)))rabbits?Itturnedouteq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(36)))thattheydevelopedanimmunityeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(37)))tothevirus,andtheirnumbersexplodedeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(38)))onceagain.Then,in2006,therabbits'diggingcausedsomelandtocollapseeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(39))),andkilledasubstantialeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(40)))numberofpenguins.Thisincidentmadeitclearthattherat,mouseandrabbitproblemneededsolvingonceandforall.So,IamhereonMacquarieIslandtoparticipateineq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(41)))theprogrammetotacklethisveryproblem.Thefirststepinvolvedpoisonbeingdroppedfromhelicopterseq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(42))).Thenextstepistoremovethelastremaininginvadingspecies,andthat'swhereIcomein—withmydogs.Theyhavebeentrainedtofindeverylastone,withoutharmingthenativeanimals.Thisinterventioneq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(43)))isalong,much­delayedendingtoasadstory,butwehumansoweittotheislandtogiveitahappyending.译文参考麦夸里岛：从大混乱到受爱护我站在麦夸里岛上，该岛在西南太平洋，位于澳大利亚和南极