2024年高考英语大一轮复习课时作业17Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina含解析外研版

PAGEPAGE7课时作业17Ⅰ.阅读理解(金太阳高三模拟)TwowomenlandedinJapanonMondayaftertheirrescuefromadamagedsailboatfloatingaimlesslyinthePacificOcean.JenniferAppelandTashaFuiavaandtheirtwodogshadbeenlostatseaforalmostsixmonths.TheNavyshipUSSAshlandrescuedthemabout1,450kilometerssoutheastofJapan.AppelandFuiavaleftHonoluluonMay3sailingAppel's15­meterboat,theSeaNymph.Theyhadplannedforan18­daytriptoTahiti.However,stormsfloodedtheengine,destroyedtheboat'sstarterandseverelydamagedthemast(桅杆).Thewomencouldnotusethesailseffectively,asaresult.InJune,theygotwithin1,345kilometersofOahu,Appelsaid.“Weknewweweren'tgoingtomakeit，”shesaid.“Sothat'swhenwestartedmakingdistresscalls,hopingthatoneofourfriendswholiketogodeepseafishingmighthavespottedus.”JenniferAppel,right,andTashaFuiavasatwiththeirdogsonthedeckoftheUSSAshlandonMonday.TheywerethousandsofmilesinthewrongdirectionwhenaTaiwanesefishingboatfoundthem.AppelsaidshepaddledonasurfboardtotheTaiwaneseboatandmadeanemergencycall.TheUSSAshlandhappenedtobeintheareaatthetimetoavoidastorm.Theship'scommandingofficerStevenWassonsaidtheAshlandtraveled160kilometersandfoundthewomenthenextday.AppeltoldreportersonFridaythattheywerebeginningtofeelhopelesswhentheysawtheUSNavyshipcomingtowardthem.“WhenIsawthegrayshiponthehorizon,Iwasjustshaking，”shesaid.“Iwasreadytocry.Iwassohappy.Iknewweweregoingtolive.”TheUSNavydecidedtheSeaNymphneededtoomanyrepairs.So,thesailboatwasleftatsea.两名妇女带着两条狗驾船去塔希提岛，遇到风暴后迷失在海上，近六个月后才得救。1．Whatisthemaincauseofthetwowomen'sbeinglost?A．Theboatranoutofoil.B．Theboatconveyedtooheavyaload.C．Therewerestrongwindsforalongtime.D．Stormsbroughttoomuchwaterintotheboat.答案：D解析：依据其次段第5句可知，风暴使海水沉没发动机，损坏启动装置和桅杆，所以她们迷失在海上。2．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“distresscalls”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Signalsforhelp.B．Long­termplans.C．Importantdecisions.D．Detailedpreparations.答案：A解析：依据该段最终两句可知，她们在茫茫大海上发出求救信号，希望能被经过的船只发觉。3．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthetwowomen?A．Braveandgenerous.B．Cautiousandfearful.C．Adventurousandlucky.D．Commonandhardworking.答案：C解析：她们安排驾驶小船航行十八天去塔希提岛，这表明她们是有冒险精神的。她们最终被营救，这表明她们又是幸运的。4．Whywasthesailboatdesertedfinally?A．Itleftpeoplepainfulmemories.B．Itdemandedquitealotofrepairs.C．Ithadbeeninwaterlongandbrokeup.D．TheTaiwaneseboatapproachedandcrashedit.答案：B解析：依据文章最终两句可知，这只小船须要大修，所以被抛弃了。Ⅱ.完形填空(豫南九校高三质量考评)Isn'titamazinghowyouneverhavetowateryourweedsornurture(培育)themandtheystillgiveyouanunwantedcrop?Icanrememberasayoungboymygrandfathershowedmehowto__1__thisannoyingweedcalledBermudagrass.Itwas__2__stuffanditwouldreally__3__ifyoudidn'tgetitoutbythe__4__.WhenmywifeandIboughtourfirsthomeabout8yearsago,whatIhadtodealwiththisisthiscertainpartweeds__5__totheBermudagrass,whichwouldalsospreadwildly.Aftergettingtheinsideofourhome__6__，itwastimetoworkontheoutside.OnmyhandsandkneesI__7__—attackedtheweedswithasmallhandspadegettingeachone__8__bytheroots.JustthisSpringIrealizedthatoneparticularweedwasnolonger__9__butanotheronewasinfull__10__.Soagain,Igotdownonmyhandsandkneesandgottowork__11__themfrommyyard.WhenIwas__12__，myyardwasbetteroff.Sometimesourlifecanbesosimilar.Weallhaveweedsinourlife.Theseweedscanbechallenges,setbacks,or__13__beliefs,andthelistcanbe__14__.Whendealingwiththeseweedsof__15__，the__16__istogettotherootofthemandremovethemonebyoneoutandeventuallyyouwill__17__thisround.Andwhenanothercropofweeds__18__，dealwiththemdirectly__19__theyspread,becausenowthatyouknowwhattodowiththembygettingtotherootofit,itwillgiveyoumorecourageand__20__thenexttimeaproblemarisesup.本文是一篇夹叙夹议类短文阅读。文章主要讲解并描述了作者自己铲除杂草的经验，进而引申到我们如何铲除我们人生中的杂草。1．A.eatup B．digupC．breakup D．putup答案：B解析：考查动词词组辨析。A.eatup吃光；B.digup挖掘；C.breakup结束；D.putup张贴。依据后句Itwas__2__stuffanditwouldreally__3__ifyoudidn'tgetitoutbythe__4__.提示可知祖父给我示范如何铲除一种叫百慕大草的厌烦杂草。故选B。2．A.powerful B．poisonousC．sensitive D．terrible答案：D解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.powerful有力气的；B.poisonous有毒的；C.sensitive敏感的；D.terrible令人厌烦的。依据前句中的thisannoyingweed厌烦的杂草可知，这种草是一种很令人厌烦的东西。故选D。3．A.spread B．succeedC．withdraw D．compromise答案：A解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.spread传播；扩散；B.succeed胜利；C.withdraw撤回；Dpromise妥协。依据后句ifyoudidn'tgetitout可知，假如你不斩草除根，它就会渐渐扩散开去。故选A。4．A.leaves B．handsC．spades D．roots答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.leaves树叶；B.hands手；C.spades铲子；D.roots根。依据后文attackedtheweedswithasmallhandspadegettingeachone__8__bytheroots.可知，这里指斩草除根。故选D。5．A.attractive B．similarC．fundamental D．unknown答案：B解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.attractive有吸引力的；B.similar相像的；C.fundamental根本的；D.unknown未知的。依据后句whichwouldalsospreadwildly提示可知，这一大片杂草简直与那时候的百慕大草很相像。故选B。6．A.counted B．mendedC．appreciated D．settled答案：D解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.counted数；B.mended修补；C.appreciated感谢；D.settled安排。依据后句itwastimetoworkontheoutside.可知我们整理好屋子的内部后，该清理外面了。故选D。7．A.energetically B．unsuccessfullyC．curiously D．thankfully答案：A解析：考查副词词义辨析。A.energetically精力充足地；主动地；B.unsuccessfully失败地；C.curiously新奇地；D.thankfully感谢地。依据前句Onmyhandsandknees可知，作者手、膝盖都在地上，故说明作者很主动地铲草。句意：我跪在地上不知疲乏地用一个小手铲把全部的杂草连根除掉。故选A。8．A.inside B．outC．off D．across答案：B解析：考查介词词义辨析。A.inside在……里；B.out在……外；C.off离开；D.across穿过。依据前文Itwas__2__stuffanditwouldreally__3__ifyoudidn'tgetitoutbythe__4__.提示可知，这里指作者用小铲将每一根杂草连根除掉。故选B。9．A.useful B．dynamicC．different D．common答案：D解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.useful有用的；B.dynamic有活力的；C.different不同的；Dmon相同的。依据后句butanotheronewasinfull__10__.可知，作者发觉其中一种杂草已经与之前不同了。故选D。10．A.force B．lengthC．detail D．vain答案：A解析：考查固定搭配。infullforce充分发挥威力。这里指另一种杂草已经遮天蔽日。故选A。11．A.collecting B．attendingC．ridding D．distinguishing答案：C解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.collecting收集；B.attending参与；C.ridding除去；D.distinguishing区分。依据前句Soagain,Igotdownonmyhandsandknees可知，我又一次跪在地上起先了我的除草护园的行动。故选C。12．A.worn­out B．accustomedC．finished D．introduced答案：C解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.worn­out磨损；B.accustomed习惯；C.finished完成；D.introduced介绍。依据后句myyardwasbetteroff.可知，除完草后作者的院子变利落了。故选C。13．A.familiar B．religiousC．past D．negative答案：D解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.familiar熟识的；B.religious虔诚的；C.past过去的；D.negative消极的。negativebeliefs指消极的想法。这些杂草有可能是挑战、挫折、消极的想法。故选D。14．A.reasonable B．endlessC．normal D．uncertain答案：B解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.reasonable合理的；B.endless无止境的；C.normal正常的；D.uncertain不确定的。依据前句Theseweedscanbechallenges,setbacks,or__13__beliefs可知，这个清单不只是这些，可能是无穷无尽的。故选B。15．A.life B．schoolC．house D．factory答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.life生活；B.school学校；C.house房子；D.factory工厂。依据前文Sometimesourlifecanbesosimilar.提示可知，这里指应付这些人生中的杂草。故选A。16．A.progress B．solutionC．disadvantage D．permission答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.progress进步；B.solution解决方法；C.disadvantage缺点；D.permission允许。依据前句可知，这里指应付人生中的杂草的解决方法是逐一斩草除根。故选B。17．A.interrupt B．memorizeC．conquer D．recognize答案：C解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.interrupt打断；B.memorize记忆；C.conquer折服；D.recognize相识。依据句中eventually提示可知，这里是指最终折服它。故选C。18．A.showsup B．showsoffC．takesup D．takes答案：A解析：考查动词词组词义辨析。A.showsup出现；B.showsoff炫耀；C.takesup占据；D.takes带来。依据后句dealwiththemdirectly__19__theyspread可知，这里意为假如出现了另一种杂草。故选A。19．A.unless B．evenifC．before D．sothat答案：C解析：考查连词词义辨析。A.unless除非；B.evenif即使；C.before在……之前；D.sothat因此。依据后句becausenowthatyouknowwhattodowiththembygettingtotherootofit可知，要在杂草扩散之前马上处理掉。故选C。20．A.impression B．motivationC．wisdom D．satisfaction答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.impression印象；B.motivation动机；C.wisdom才智；D.satisfaction满足。依据前面的courage提示可知，你就有更多的志气和才智来解决了。故选C。Ⅲ.语法填空(福建省厦门第一中学高三考试)DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry__1__(grow)morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover__2__past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.Atasteformeatis__3__(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice__4__(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater__5__riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased__6__(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal__7__(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment__8__(start)asoil­testingprogram__9__givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.“China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile__10__(feed)itscitizensoffersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide，”saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.本文是一篇说明文。文中讲解并描述了中国为爱护环境在农作物种植上做了一些改变并得到了世界上的知名人士的认可。1．has_grown解析：考查时态。由since加时间点可知，主句要用现在完成时。句意：2011年以来，中国种植的玉米比水稻多。故填hasgrown。2．the解析：考查冠词。句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过去的25年里。故填the。3．actually解析：考查副词。句意：对肉的需求事实上是这种改变的背后缘由。句子结构完整，用副词修饰句子。故填actually。4．to_improve解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了改善水质政府激励农夫种植玉米而不是大米。没有连词且谓语动词是encourages，故improve应当用非谓语动词。此处表示目的，用不定式。故填toimprove。5．than解析：考查连词。句意：玉米比大米运用的水更少。依据关键词less可知，填比较连词。故填than。6．pollution解析：考查词性转换。句意：这一转变削减了中国