考点13动词的语态-备战2022年中考英语一轮复习考点帮(浙江专用)(原卷版+解析)

考点13动词的语态命题趋势：动词的时态和语态是中考出现频率较高的语法项目之一。考题多以具体的语境为主，体现了对语法知识、语境理解、语言交际能力的综合考查。中考考查重点：1.被动语态的句型；2.被动语态的各种时态形式；3.被动语态的用法；4.主动语态变被动语态；5.主动形式表示被动意义。被动语态考向一：被动语态的句型句型构成例句肯定句主语+be+过去分词(+by...)Englishisspokeneverywhere.到处有人说英语。否定句主语+be+not+过去分词(+by…)Englishisn’tspokenbypeoplehere.这里的人不说英语。一般疑问句Be+主语+过去分词(+by...)?—WasTomaskedtocomeearly?汤姆被要求早点来吗?—Yes,hewas.是的，他被要求了。/No,hewasn’t.不，他没有。特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+be+主语+过去分词(+by...)?Whywasthisbridgedestroyedbythegovernment?政府为什么要拆毁这座桥?考向二：被动语态的各种时态形式时态结构例句一般现在时主语+am/is/are+过去分词+其他Historyismadebythepeople.历史是人们创造的。一般过去时主语+was/were+过去分词+其他TheletterwaswritteninEnglish.这封信是用英语写的。ThecarsweremadeinShanghai.这些车是上海生产的。一般将来时主语+willbe+过去分词+其他Yourjobwillbekeptopenforyourreturn.你的工作将保留到你回来。Whenwilltheworkbefinished?这项工作什么时候完成？现在进行时主语+am/is/am+being+过去分词+其他Anewrailwayisbeingbuilt.一条新铁路正在修建。Becausemycarisbeingrepaired,Ihavetogotoworkbytaxi.因为我的车正在修理，所以我不得不坐出租车去上班。过去进行时主语+was/were+being+过去分词+其他Thehallwasbeingbuiltlastyear.I’mnotsureifitiscompleted.这个个大厅去年正在修建，我不清楚建好了没有。TheroadwasbeingwidenedwhenIpassedbythevillage.当我经过那个村庄时，道路正在加宽。现在完成时过去分词+其他HasthesportsmeetingbeenputoffuntilnextFriday?运动会已经推迟到下周五了吗？过去完成时主语+hadbeen+过去分词+其他Theroomhadbeenbrokenintobeforewecame.我们来之前已经有人强行进过这间屋子。AnewhotelhadbeenbuiltwhenIgotthere.我到那儿时，一座新旅馆已经建好了。情态动词过去分词+其他Hertemperatureshouldbetakentwiceaday.她的体温应该一天量两次。Ifheated,watercanbeturnedintovapour.如果受热，水会变成蒸气。考向三：被动语态的用法用法例句不知道或者不必说出动作的执行者Howisthiswordpronounced?这个单词怎么发音？Thebookwaspublishedin2005.这本书是2005年出版的。强调动作的承受者Schoolwillbeopenedinourvillage.我们村将开办一所新的希望学校。当动作的执行者是泛指时Heissuspectedofrobbingthebank.有人怀疑他抢劫银行。表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作的执行者Ihavebeentoldmanytimesnottomakenoises.有人多次告诉我不要吵闹。句法修饰的需要ThelecturewillbemadebyJoe,whoisayoungmusicianfromItaly.乔要做这个报告，他是意大利的一位年轻的音乐家。有些动词习惯上常用被动语态Hewasborninthiscity.他出生在这个城市。ItisreportedthatheisaprofessorfromNewZealand.据报道，他是来自新西兰的一位教授。考向四：主动语态变被动语态说明例句含有单个宾语的主动句，即＂主语+谓语动词+宾语＂：把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，并依据上表（被动语态的各种时态形式）谓语改为被动形式；如果需要说明动作的发出者，则需加上＂by+主动句的主语（人称代词宾格）＂。ThefamousprofessorgavetwolecturesinEnglish.→Twolecturesweregiven(bythefamousprofessor)inEnglish.那位著名的教授用英语作了两次报告。Theyoftenasksomequestionsafterclass.→Somequestionsareoftenasked(bythem)afterclass.他们经常在课后问一些问题。直接宾语＂：当直接宾语是名词或代词时，可将间接宾语和直接宾语中的任意一个变为被动的主语，而另一个保持不动。但是，当直接宾语变为主语时，间接宾语前应加上介词to或or。Thedoctorgavemesomegoodadviceonthepronunciation.→Iwasgivensomegoodadviceonthepronunciation.→Somegoodadvicewasgiventomeonthepronunciation.老师给我提了一些关于发音方面的好建议。含有复合宾语的主动句，即＂主语+宾语+宾语补足语＂：把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，宾补保持不动(成为主语补足语，简称主补)。WecallhimLiHua.→HeiscalledLiHua.我们叫他李华。Theypaintedtheroomwhite.→Theroomwaspaintedwhite.他们把房间刷成了白色。【易错警示】感官动词和使役动词后接动词原形作宾补，变为被动语态时，需要在动词原形前加上省略的不定式符号to，即＂beseen/heard/found/observed/noticed/madetodosth＂。Theysawherenterthemeetingroomjustnow.→Shewasseentoenterthemeetingroomjustnow.刚才他们看见她进入了会议室。含有动词短语（作谓语）的主动句：谓语为及物动词短语的主动句方可变为被动语态。Theytakegoodcareofthesechildren.→Thesechildrenaretakengoodcareof.他们把这些孩子照顾得非常好。Weshouldmakefulluseofthegoodchance.→Thegoodchanceshouldbemadefulluseof.我们应该充分利用这次好机会。【易错警示】动词短语用于被动语态时，把它们看作一个整体变成被动结构，其后的介词和副词不可丢掉。考向五：主动形式表示被动意义情况例句说明主语的性质、特征的动词，用主动形式表达被动意义，如：lock，open，read，sell，teach，wash，write等。Theclothwasheswell.这种布料很容易洗.Afreshlybakedcakedoesn’tcuteasily.刚烤好的蛋糕不容易切。Thispieceofmusicsoundsgood.这段音乐听起来不错。Mooncakestastedelicious.月饼尝起来很美味。某些动词后用动名词的主动形式表达被动意义，如：need，want，require，worth等。Thebikeneedsrepairing.这辆自行车需要修理。Yourhairwantscutting.你的头发该理了。【知识拓展】常见的被动形式表示主动意义的词组：beseated坐着，就座behidden躲藏belost迷路bedrunk喝醉bedressed穿着被动语态记忆口诀被动语态强调＂宾＂，用be加上＂过去分＂。＂be＂要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。＂行为对象＂作主语，逻辑主语＂by＂来引。原句若是双宾语，一变＂主＂来一保＂宾＂。＂间宾＂要把主语变，原来＂直宾＂还是＂宾＂。＂直宾＂要把主语变，＂间宾＂前加＂to＂最称心。唯有原＂宾＂是＂复合＂，只有变宾要当心。原句＂宾补＂变＂主补＂，位置不必挪寸分。情态动词变＂被动＂，情态加be加过分。如若＂情态＂后带to，变后有to才弄准。＂短语动词＂变＂被动＂，相当＂及物＂莫疑心。不过其后＂介＂或＂副＂，变后还得要承认。一、用所给单词的正确形式填空1．—Canyouanswerthephone?I__________(do)thedishes.—I’mcoming,Mom.2．Thefilmhedevotedallhislifetimeto__________(appear)onthescreenatlast.3．—Ihavenoideawhichknifetochoose.—Theonewithcolourfulflowers_________(cut)well.4．Thiskindofjuicewilldoharmtoourhealthiftoomuchis_________(drink).5．HewaskindenoughtoholdthedooropenformeasI_____(carry)toomanythingstospare（腾出）ahandthen.6．Intheend,mycousinwaslet___________(represent)hisgrouptomakeaspeechforus.7．Sincehe________(wear)outtheoldshoes,he’sgoingtobuyanewpair.8．Mygrandpapromisedthathe_______(buy)amodelplaneformeasamodel.9．Whilewe________（talk）yesterdayafternoon,thebellrang.10．Heoften________（go）fishingintheriverinspring.11．Someman-madewondersare________（excite）thannaturalones.12．I’m________（real）worried,becauseIcan’tfindmybackpack.13．She’snotallowedtogo________（swim）withherfriends.14．Nextweekwe________（take）someJapanesefriendstoseetheSummerPalace.15．He________（grow）vegetablesinhisgardenandsoldthem.16．Pleasebequiet!Thebaby________（sleep）.17．I________（be）toBeijingtwice.18．Hisgrandfatherhasbeen________（die）fortwoyears.19．Ahenonmyfarm____(lay)agreeneggyesterday.20．Nomatterwhathappens,believein____(you),boysandgirls.21．AChinesefathermadesomenicedressesforhisdaughterwithhis____(wife)oldshirts22．The____(careful)youwork,thefewermistakesyou’llmake.23．Therearesomeboys____(swim)intherivernow.It’sverydangerous.24．CathyandLinda____(notbe)backtotheirhometownfortwoyears.25．Look!TheBrowns____(eat)supperinthekitchen.二、请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词，并用其适当时态填空，使句子通顺。promise;share;control;notfind;happen26．I’dliketogivemythankstoAlicefor________(share)herexcitingexperiencesinAfrica.27．You_________(promise)totakeourboytoDisneylandlastyear.Don’tlethimdownagain.28．Thesurveyshowsthatfewpeoplebelieverobots_________(control)ourplanetoneday.29．Theonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.Ifyou________(notfind)ityet,keeplooking.30．—Ohdear!Mymobilephonehasturnedintoabrick.It’snotworkingatall.—Well,it________(happen).Takeoffthebatteryandputitbackonlater.1．（2021·江苏淮安·中考真题）—Herecomesthebus.Iseveryonehere?—No.Sam________ameetingintheschoolhallnow.A．have B．had C．willhave D．ishaving2．（2021·内蒙古兴安盟·中考真题）Sofar,thenumberofpeopleusing5Gmobilephones________alot.A．isincreasing B．areincreasing C．hasincreased D．haveincreased3．（2021·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）—Listen!Amy,who________nextdoor?—Well,it’sCindy.Hervoicealwayssounds________justlikeabird.A．sings;sweetly B．issinging;sweet C．sings;sweet D．issinging;sweetly4．（2021·上海·中考真题）Lastweekend,David________avisittohisgrandparentsinthecountryside.A．pays B．paid C．willpay D．haspaid5．（2021·辽宁阜新·中考真题）Wewillplayfootballifit________thisSaturday.A．doesn’tsnow B．won’tsnow C．isn’tsnowing D．didn’tsnow6．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Iwonderifyou________usfortheEnglishpartytomorrow.—IfI________free,Iwillgowithyou.A．willjoin,am B．willjoin,willbe C．join,am7．（2021·湖南郴州·中考真题）—Icalledyoulastnightbutnobodyanswered.—Oh,I________abathatthattime.A．wastaking B．amtaking C．havetaken8．（2021·辽宁辽阳·中考真题）—Theclassroomissoquiet.—Yes,allthestudents_______forthefinalexam.A．prepare B．prepared C．willprepare D．arepreparing9．（2021·辽宁丹东·中考真题）—________yourhomework?—Notyet.I’llfinishitintenminutes.A．Didyoufinish B．Haveyoufinished C．Willyoufinish D．Doyoufinish10．（2021·广西柳州·中考真题）He________likehisbrother.A．look B．looks C．looking11．（2021·广西贵港·中考真题）—WheredoesBilllive?—He________mehisaddress,butIcan’trememberitnow.A．tells B．told C．istelling D．willtell12．（2021·湖北十堰·中考真题）Mid-AutumnDayusually_________onAugust15thinthelunarcalendar（阴历）everyyear.A．come B．comes C．iscoming D．willcome13．（2021·河北·中考真题）Youcanborrowthisfilm—surelyyou________watchingit.A．enjoy B．enjoyed C．willenjoy D．haveenjoyed1．（2021·广西·南宁市天桃实验学校三模）Myuncle________Shanghaifortwoyears.Heknowsthecitywell.A．hasbeento B．hasbeenin C．hasgoneto D．wasin2．（2021·江苏扬州·三模）—Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?—I’vejustcomebackfromCanada.I________thereforthreeweeks.A．havestayed B．stayed C．stay D．willstay3．（2021·河北石家庄·模拟预测）We________eachothersinceIcametoBeijing,butwesende-mailsveryoften.A．don’tsee B．didn’tsee C．haven’tseen D．won’tsee4．（2021·浙江·温州市第十二中学二模）—Mary,mayIuseyouripadforanhour?—Sorry.I________onit.A．work B．amworking C．haveworked D．worked5．（2021·江苏·南通市通州区育才中学二模）—Hasyourauntfinishedwritinghernovel?—Notyet.She________itthesedays.A．wrote B．writes C．iswriting D．willwrite6．（2021·江苏·苏州高新区第二中学二模）—Iwonderwhatmakesyouasuccessfulmanager.—I________asawaiterforfiveyearsanditmakesalotofcontributionstomytoday’swork.A．serve B．haveserved C．wasserving D．served7．（2021·河北·石家庄市第二十八中学二模）—Daddy,whenwillwegoouttoflyakite?—Assoonastherain________.A．isstopping B．stopped C．willstop D．stops8．（2021·河北·石家庄市同文中学三模）Thestudentsinourgroup________thefinalpreparationforthematch.Wearesuretowin.A．made B．aremaking C．make D．willmake9．（2021·河北·石家庄市第十八中学二模）We________thenewwordsifwedon’treviewthemintime.A．forget B．willforget C．forgot D．isforgetting10．（2021·内蒙古赛罕·二模）Iwonderifthemeeting________nextmonth.Ifthey________it,Iwillgetreadyforit.A．willhold;hold B．willbeheld;willhold C．willbeheld;hold D．isheld;willhold11．（2021·浙江·模拟预测）—Doyouhaveanyplansforthisseason?—Yes.I________forLakersattheendofthismonth.A．play B．played C．haveplayed D．amgoingtoplay12．（2021·江苏大丰·二模）“81192”,thenumberofWangWei’splane,________uponmanyChinesemediaoutletstoremindusofourheroonApril1everyyear.A．showed B．showing C．toshow D．shows13．（2021·河北·石家庄市第四十二中学三模）Iamsorrytomissthebeginning.GinaandI______theclassroom.A．havecleaned B．amcleaning C．werecleaning D．cleaned14．（2021·江苏建邺·二模）Sofar,China________theworld’slargesthighwaynetwork,withatotallengthof160,000kilometers.A．builds B．built C．willbuild D．hasbuilt考点13动词的语态命题趋势：动词的时态和语态是中考出现频率较高的语法项目之一。考题多以具体的语境为主，体现了对语法知识、语境理解、语言交际能力的综合考查。中考考查重点：1.被动语态的句型；2.被动语态的各种时态形式；3.被动语态的用法；4.主动语态变被动语态；5.主动形式表示被动意义。被动语态考向一：被动语态的句型句型构成例句肯定句主语+be+过去分词(+by...)Englishisspokeneverywhere.到处有人说英语。否定句主语+be+not+过去分词(+by…)Englishisn’tspokenbypeoplehere.这里的人不说英语。一般疑问句Be+主语+过去分词(+by...)?—WasTomaskedtocomeearly?汤姆被要求早点来吗?—Yes,hewas.是的，他被要求了。/No,hewasn’t.不，他没有。特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+be+主语+过去分词(+by...)?Whywasthisbridgedestroyedbythegovernment?政府为什么要拆毁这座桥?考向二：被动语态的各种时态形式时态结构例句一般现在时主语+am/is/are+过去分词+其他Historyismadebythepeople.历史是人们创造的。一般过去时主语+was/were+过去分词+其他TheletterwaswritteninEnglish.这封信是用英语写的。ThecarsweremadeinShanghai.这些车是上海生产的。一般将来时主语+willbe+过去分词+其他Yourjobwillbekeptopenforyourreturn.你的工作将保留到你回来。Whenwilltheworkbefinished?这项工作什么时候完成？现在进行时主语+am/is/am+being+过去分词+其他Anewrailwayisbeingbuilt.一条新铁路正在修建。Becausemycarisbeingrepaired,Ihavetogotoworkbytaxi.因为我的车正在修理，所以我不得不坐出租车去上班。过去进行时主语+was/were+being+过去分词+其他Thehallwasbeingbuiltlastyear.I’mnotsureifitiscompleted.这个个大厅去年正在修建，我不清楚建好了没有。TheroadwasbeingwidenedwhenIpassedbythevillage.当我经过那个村庄时，道路正在加宽。现在完成时过去分词+其他HasthesportsmeetingbeenputoffuntilnextFriday?运动会已经推迟到下周五了吗？过去完成时主语+hadbeen+过去分词+其他Theroomhadbeenbrokenintobeforewecame.我们来之前已经有人强行进过这间屋子。AnewhotelhadbeenbuiltwhenIgotthere.我到那儿时，一座新旅馆已经建好了。情态动词过去分词+其他Hertemperatureshouldbetakentwiceaday.她的体温应该一天量两次。Ifheated,watercanbeturnedintovapour.如果受热，水会变成蒸气。考向三：被动语态的用法用法例句不知道或者不必说出动作的执行者Howisthiswordpronounced?这个单词怎么发音？Thebookwaspublishedin2005.这本书是2005年出版的。强调动作的承受者Schoolwillbeopenedinourvillage.我们村将开办一所新的希望学校。当动作的执行者是泛指时Heissuspectedofrobbingthebank.有人怀疑他抢劫银行。表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作的执行者Ihavebeentoldmanytimesnottomakenoises.有人多次告诉我不要吵闹。句法修饰的需要ThelecturewillbemadebyJoe,whoisayoungmusicianfromItaly.乔要做这个报告，他是意大利的一位年轻的音乐家。有些动词习惯上常用被动语态Hewasborninthiscity.他出生在这个城市。ItisreportedthatheisaprofessorfromNewZealand.据报道，他是来自新西兰的一位教授。考向四：主动语态变被动语态说明例句含有单个宾语的主动句，即＂主语+谓语动词+宾语＂：把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，并依据上表（被动语态的各种时态形式）谓语改为被动形式；如果需要说明动作的发出者，则需加上＂by+主动句的主语（人称代词宾格）＂。ThefamousprofessorgavetwolecturesinEnglish.→Twolecturesweregiven(bythefamousprofessor)inEnglish.那位著名的教授用英语作了两次报告。Theyoftenasksomequestionsafterclass.→Somequestionsareoftenasked(bythem)afterclass.他们经常在课后问一些问题。直接宾语＂：当直接宾语是名词或代词时，可将间接宾语和直接宾语中的任意一个变为被动的主语，而另一个保持不动。但是，当直接宾语变为主语时，间接宾语前应加上介词to或or。Thedoctorgavemesomegoodadviceonthepronunciation.→Iwasgivensomegoodadviceonthepronunciation.→Somegoodadvicewasgiventomeonthepronunciation.老师给我提了一些关于发音方面的好建议。含有复合宾语的主动句，即＂主语+宾语+宾语补足语＂：把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，宾补保持不动(成为主语补足语，简称主补)。WecallhimLiHua.→HeiscalledLiHua.我们叫他李华。Theypaintedtheroomwhite.→Theroomwaspaintedwhite.他们把房间刷成了白色。【易错警示】感官动词和使役动词后接动词原形作宾补，变为被动语态时，需要在动词原形前加上省略的不定式符号to，即＂beseen/heard/found/observed/noticed/madetodosth＂。Theysawherenterthemeetingroomjustnow.→Shewasseentoenterthemeetingroomjustnow.刚才他们看见她进入了会议室。含有动词短语（作谓语）的主动句：谓语为及物动词短语的主动句方可变为被动语态。Theytakegoodcareofthesechildren.→Thesechildrenaretakengoodcareof.他们把这些孩子照顾得非常好。Weshouldmakefulluseofthegoodchance.→Thegoodchanceshouldbemadefulluseof.我们应该充分利用这次好机会。【易错警示】动词短语用于被动语态时，把它们看作一个整体变成被动结构，其后的介词和副词不可丢掉。考向五：主动形式表示被动意义情况例句说明主语的性质、特征的动词，用主动形式表达被动意义，如：lock，open，read，sell，teach，wash，write等。Theclothwasheswell.这种布料很容易洗.Afreshlybakedcakedoesn’tcuteasily.刚烤好的蛋糕不容易切。Thispieceofmusicsoundsgood.这段音乐听起来不错。Mooncakestastedelicious.月饼尝起来很美味。某些动词后用动名词的主动形式表达被动意义，如：need，want，require，worth等。Thebikeneedsrepairing.这辆自行车需要修理。Yourhairwantscutting.你的头发该理了。【知识拓展】常见的被动形式表示主动意义的词组：beseated坐着，就座behidden躲藏belost迷路bedrunk喝醉bedressed穿着被动语态记忆口诀被动语态强调＂宾＂，用be加上＂过去分＂。＂be＂要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。＂行为对象＂作主语，逻辑主语＂by＂来引。原句若是双宾语，一变＂主＂来一保＂宾＂。＂间宾＂要把主语变，原来＂直宾＂还是＂宾＂。＂直宾＂要把主语变，＂间宾＂前加＂to＂最称心。唯有原＂宾＂是＂复合＂，只有变宾要当心。原句＂宾补＂变＂主补＂，位置不必挪寸分。情态动词变＂被动＂，情态加be加过分。如若＂情态＂后带to，变后有to才弄准。＂短语动词＂变＂被动＂，相当＂及物＂莫疑心。不过其后＂介＂或＂副＂，变后还得要承认。一、用所给单词的正确形式填空1．—Canyouanswerthephone?I__________(do)thedishes.—I’mcoming,Mom.2．Thefilmhedevotedallhislifetimeto__________(appear)onthescreenatlast.3．—Ihavenoideawhichknifetochoose.—Theonewithcolourfulflowers_________(cut)well.4．Thiskindofjuicewilldoharmtoourhealthiftoomuchis_________(drink).5．HewaskindenoughtoholdthedooropenformeasI_____(carry)toomanythingstospare（腾出）ahandthen.6．Intheend,mycousinwaslet___________(represent)hisgrouptomakeaspeechforus.7．Sincehe________(wear)outtheoldshoes,he’sgoingtobuyanewpair.8．Mygrandpapromisedthathe_______(buy)amodelplaneformeasamodel.9．Whilewe________（talk）yesterdayafternoon,thebellrang.10．Heoften________（go）fishingintheriverinspring.11．Someman-madewondersare________（excite）thannaturalones.12．I’m________（real）worried,becauseIcan’tfindmybackpack.13．She’snotallowedtogo________（swim）withherfriends.14．Nextweekwe________（take）someJapanesefriendstoseetheSummerPalace.15．He________（grow）vegetablesinhisgardenandsoldthem.16．Pleasebequiet!Thebaby________（sleep）.17．I________（be）toBeijingtwice.18．Hisgrandfatherhasbeen________（die）fortwoyears.19．Ahenonmyfarm____(lay)agreeneggyesterday.20．Nomatterwhathappens,believein____(you),boysandgirls.21．AChinesefathermadesomenicedressesforhisdaughterwithhis____(wife)oldshirts22．The____(careful)youwork,thefewermistakesyou’llmake.23．Therearesomeboys____(swim)intherivernow.It’sverydangerous.24．CathyandLinda____(notbe)backtotheirhometownfortwoyears.25．Look!TheBrowns____(eat)supperinthekitchen.二、请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词，并用其适当时态填空，使句子通顺。promise;share;control;notfind;happen26．I’dliketogivemythankstoAlicefor________(share)herexcitingexperiencesinAfrica.27．You_________(promise)totakeourboytoDisneylandlastyear.Don’tlethimdownagain.28．Thesurveyshowsthatfewpeoplebelieverobots_________(control)ourplanetoneday.29．Theonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.Ifyou________(notfind)ityet,keeplooking.30．—Ohdear!Mymobilephonehasturnedintoabrick.It’snotworkingatall.—Well,it________(happen).Takeoffthebatteryandputitbackonlater.【答案】1．amdoing2．appeared3．cuts4．drunk5．wascarrying6．torepresent7．hasworn8．wouldbuy9．weretalking10．goes11．moreexciting12．really13．swimming14．willtake15．grew16．issleeping17．havebeen18．dead19．laid20．yourselves21．wife’s22．morecarefully23．swimming24．haven’t/havenotbeen25．areeating26．sharing27．promised28．willcontrol29．haven’tfound30．happens1．（2021·江苏淮安·中考真题）—Herecomesthebus.Iseveryonehere?—No.Sam________ameetingintheschoolhallnow.A．have B．had C．willhave D．ishaving【答案】D【详解】句意：——公共汽车来了。每个人都在这里吗？——不。萨姆正在学校大厅里开会。考查动词时态。根据“now”可知，此句用现在进行时bedoing的结构，故选D。2．（2021·内蒙古兴安盟·中考真题）Sofar,thenumberofpeopleusing5Gmobilephones________alot.A．isincreasing B．areincreasing C．hasincreased D．haveincreased【答案】C【详解】句意：到目前为止，使用5G手机的人数增加了很多。考查现在完成时。根据题干中时间状语“Sofar”可知句子要用现在完成时，排除AB；再由主语中有“thenumberof...”表示“……的数量”，可知助动词用has而不用have，排除D。故选C。3．（2021·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）—Listen!Amy,who________nextdoor?—Well,it’sCindy.Hervoicealwayssounds________justlikeabird.A．sings;sweetly B．issinging;sweet C．sings;sweet D．issinging;sweetly【答案】B【详解】句意：——听！Amy，谁在隔壁唱歌？——哦，那是Cindy。她的声音总是像鸟儿一样甜美。考查动词时态以及词义辨析。根据“Listen”可知，句子用现在进行时，排除A和C选项。sweet甜美的，形容词；sweetly甜美地，副词。sound是连系动词，后接形容词作表语，故选B。4．（2021·上海·中考真题）Lastweekend,David________avisittohisgrandparentsinthecountryside.A．pays B．paid C．willpay D．haspaid【答案】B【详解】句意：上周末，大卫去农村看望了他的祖父母。考查动词时态。根据“Lastweekend”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词应用过去式。故选B。5．（2021·辽宁阜新·中考真题）Wewillplayfootballifit________thisSaturday.A．doesn’tsnow B．won’tsnow C．isn’tsnowing D．didn’tsnow【答案】A【详解】句意：如果这个星期六不下雪，我们就踢足球。考查时态辨析。if引导的条件状语从句遵循主将从现原则，此处用一般现在时表将来。选项中doesn’tsnow是一般现在时结构。故选A。6．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Iwonderifyou________usfortheEnglishpartytomorrow.—IfI________free,Iwillgowithyou.A．willjoin,am B．willjoin,willbe C．join,am【答案】A【详解】句意：——我想知道你明天是否来参加我们的英语晚会。——如果我有时间，我会和你一起去。考查动词时态的用法。第一处是if引导的宾语从句，根据“tomorrow”可知，用一般将来时willdo表示；第二处是if引导的条件状语从句，需满足“主将从现”原则，主语是I，be动词用am。故选A。7．（2021·湖南郴州·中考真题）—Icalledyoulastnightbutnobodyanswered.—Oh,I________abathatthattime.A．wastaking B．amtaking C．havetaken【答案】A【详解】句意：——我昨晚给你打电话，但没人接。——哦，那时我正在洗澡。考查时态辨析。根据“Icalledyoulastnightbutnobodyanswered.”可知对方昨晚打电话的时候自己正在洗澡，用过去进行时，其结构为was/weredoing。故选A。8．（2021·辽宁辽阳·中考真题）—Theclassroomissoquiet.—Yes,allthestudents_______forthefinalexam.A．prepare B．prepared C．willprepare D．arepreparing【答案】D【详解】句意：——教室里是那么安静。——是的，所有学生正在准备期末考试。考查动词时态。根据“Theclassroomissoquiet.”的语境可知，空处的动作应是正在进行，故句子应用现在进行时，构成形式为：bedoing；主语“allthestudents”是复数形式，助动词应用are；prepare的现在分词是preparing。故选D。9．（2021·辽宁丹东·中考真题）—________yourhomework?—Notyet.I’llfinishitintenminutes.A．Didyoufinish B．Haveyoufinished C．Willyoufinish D．Doyoufinish【答案】B【详解】句意：——你做完作业了吗？——还没有。我十分钟以后完成。考查动词时态。根据答语“Notyet.”可知，问句应是现在完成时，构成形式为：have/hasdone；主语“you”是第二人称，助动词应用have，一般疑问句将have提前并首字母大写；finish的过去分词是finished。故选B。10．（2021·广西柳州·中考真题）He________likehisbrother.A．look B．looks C．looking【答案】B【详解】句意：他看起来像他的哥哥。考查动词时态。该句陈述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，主语he是第三人称，动词用三单形式，故选B。11．（2021·广西贵港·中考真题）—WheredoesBilllive?—He________mehisaddress,butIcan’trememberitnow.A．tells B．told C．istelling D．willtell【答案】B【详解】句意：——比尔住在哪里？——他告诉过我他的地址，但我现在想不起来了。考查时态辨析。根据“butIcan’trememberitnow”可知现在记不起来以前告诉过自己的地址，用一般过去时，tell的过去式是told。故选B。12．（2021·湖北十堰·中考真题）Mid-AutumnDayusually_________onAugust15thinthelunarcalendar（阴历）everyyear.A．come B．comes C．iscoming D．willcome【答案】B【详解】句意：中秋节通常在每年农历的八月十五。考查一般现在时。根据“everyyear”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语Mid-AutumnDay是第三人称单数，动词用三单，故选B。13．（2021·河北·中考真题）Youcanborrowthisfilm—surelyyou________watchingit.A．enjoy B．enjoyed C．willenjoy D．haveenjoyed【答案】C【详解】句意：你可以借这部电影——当然你会喜欢看的。考查一般将来时。分析“Youcanborrowthisfilm-surelyyou…watchingit.”可知，此处动作还未发生，用一般将来时，故选C。1．（2021·广西·南宁市天桃实验学校三模）Myuncle________Shanghaifortwoyears.Heknowsthecitywell.A．hasbeento B．hasbeenin C．hasgoneto D．wasin【答案】B【详解】句意：我叔叔已经在上海两年了。他很熟悉这个城市。考查现在完成时。根据下文“Heknowsthecitywell”，结合fortwoyears是一段持续的时间，可知本句用现在完成时，D项是一般过去时，可排除。hasbeento表示“去过某地”，现在已经回来，不在那里了；hasbeenin表示“在某地待了多久时间”，通常与“for+时间段”连用；hasgoneto表示“去了某地”，现在还没有回来，可能在去的途中，也有可能在目的地。结合语境，这里是说叔叔已经在上海两年了，需用hasbeenin，故选B。2．（2021·江苏扬州·三模）—Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?—I’vejustcomebackfromCanada.I________thereforthreeweeks.A．havestayed B．stayed C．stay D．willstay【答案】B【详解】句意：——这些天你去哪儿了?——我刚从加拿大回来。我在那儿待了三个星期。考查动词时态。根据“I’vejustcomebackfromCanada”可知人已经从加拿大回来了，说话人现在不在加拿大，所以空处句子表示说话人在过去某一具体时间存在的状态，用一般过去时态。故选B。3．（2021·河北石家庄·模拟预测）We________eachothersinceIcametoBeijing,butwesende-mailsveryoften.A．don’tsee B．didn’tsee C．haven’tseen D．won’tsee【答案】C【详解】句意：自从我来北京后，我们就没见过面，但我们经常发电子邮件。考查动词时态。本句是since引导的时间状语从句，从句是一般过去时，主句是现在完成时。故选C。4．（2021·浙江·温州市第十二中学二模）—Mary,mayIuseyouripadforanhour?—Sorry.I________onit.A．work B．amworking C．haveworked D．worked【答案】B【详解】句意：——玛丽，我可以用你的ipad一个小时吗？——对不起。我正在用它工作。考查时态。根据“Sorry.I...onit”可知此处表示“在说话的时候正在用ipad”，用现在进行时bedoing。故选B。5．（2021·江苏·南通市通州区育才中学二模）—Hasyourauntfinishedwritinghernovel?—Notyet.She________itthesedays.A．wrote B．writes C．iswriting D．willwrite【答案】C【详解】句意：——你姑姑写完小说了吗?？——现在还没有。这些天她正在写。考查现在进行时。根据“Notyet.She…itthesedays.”可知，动作还未完成，现在也在做，所以用现在进行时，故选C。6．（2021·江苏·苏州高新区第二中学二模）—Iwonderwhatmakesyouasuccessfulmanager.—I________asawaiterforfiveyearsanditmakesalotofcontributionstomytoday’swork.A．serve B．haveserved C．wasser