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考点10祈使句与感叹句(一)祈使句是用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。当主语是第二人称,通常省略。(二)感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子,句末通常用感叹号,读时一般用降调。考向一、祈使句(一)祈使句的定义用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。当主语是第二人称,通常省略。(二)祈使句的类型和结构类型肯定结构否定结构Do型动词原形(+\t"/item/%E7%A5%88%E4%BD%BF%E5%8F%A5/_blank"宾语)+其它成分Keepoffthegrass.句首+don'tDon’tforgetme.Be型Be+\t"/item/%E7%A5%88%E4%BD%BF%E5%8F%A5/_blank"表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分Becareful.句首+don'tDon’tbelateforschool.Let型Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分Letmehelpyou.Don't+let+\t"/item/%E7%A5%88%E4%BD%BF%E5%8F%A5/_blank"宾语+\t"/item/%E7%A5%88%E4%BD%BF%E5%8F%A5/_blank"动词原形+其它成分Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其它成分Don'tlethimgo.Lethimnotgo.No型No+名词/动名词Nosmoking.(三)祈使句的重点句型1.“祈使句+and+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述肯定的条件。2.“祈使句+or+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述否定的条件,or表示“否则;要不然”。

Hurryup,andyou’llcatchthetrain.(=Ifyouhurryup,you’llcatchthetrain.)

Hurryup,oryou’llmissthetrain.(=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llmissthetrain.)3.含有祈使句的直接引语变成间接引语时,其常用结构为“ask/request/tell/ordersb(not)todosth.”。如:

“Speakloudly,please!”theteachersaidtome.(=Theteacheraskedmetospeakloudly.)

“Don’tsmokeinthemeetingroom!”hesaidtoTom.(=HetoldTomnottosmokeinthemeetingroom.)1.(2021·上海奉贤·一模)Jerry,toformamindpictureifyouwanttorememberthelongword.A.tries B.trying C.try D.totry考向二、感叹句(一)感叹句的定义感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子,句末通常用感叹号,读时一般用降调。(二)感叹句的常见类型类型结构例句whatWhat+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语Whataclevergirlsheis!Whataninterestingbookitis!What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语Whatbeautifulflowers!Whatgoodchildrentheyare!What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语Whatfineweatheritistoday!Whatimportantnewsitis!howHow+形容词/副词+主语+谓语Howcarefulsheis!Howfastheruns!How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语Howbeautifulagirlsheis!How+主语+谓语Howtimeflies!(三)陈述句转感叹句:“一断·二加·三换位”Thisisabeautifulflower·Thisflowerisbeautiful.“一断”:在谓语动词后将此句划断。Thisis|abeautifulflower.Thisfloweris|beautiful.“二加”:在第二部分前加“What或How”;中心词为名词时加“What”,是形容词、副词加“How”。Whatabeautifulflower…Howbeautiful…“三换位”:将第一部分与第二部分对换位置。Whatabeautifulflowerthisis!Howbeautifulthisfloweris!请将以下陈述句变成感叹句。①It’saninterestingfilm.②It’swonderfulweather.③Hedidtheworkcarefully.④Timepassedquickly.1.(2022·上海·模拟预测)—Look!Theplantsaregreenandtheflowersareopening.—Yes,it’sspringnow.________niceseason!A.What B.Whata C.Whatan D.How1.(2021·上海金山·八年级期末)Downloadthisapp,________youwillfinditeasytolearncooking.A.or B.so C.and D.but2.(2022·上海·模拟预测)Don’tbeafraidtomakemistakes,________you’llneverreallylearnthelanguage.A.and B.or C.so D.but3.(2022·上海奉贤·二模)_______terribleitisthatthepriceofoilhasrisentoover$100!A.Whata B.What C.How D.Howa4.(2022·上海崇明·模拟预测)________amazingtripitwas!Ievenswamwithdolphinslastsummer.A.How B.What C.Whata D.Whatan5.(2022·上海奉贤·一模)________badweather!Thestrongesttornado(龙卷风)inhistoryhitsixstatesinAmericalastmonth.A.Whata B.What C.How D.Howa6.(2022·上海嘉定·一模)________excitingnewsyou’vetoldus!Anewundergroundlinewillbebuiltnextyear.A.What B.Whata C.Whatan D.How7.(2022·上海·模拟预测)________relaxingitisformetowatchcartoons!Theyareusuallyfunnyanddramatic.A.What B.How C.Whata D.Howa8.(2022·上海崇明·一模)________excellentperformancetheChinesedivergaveinthe2020OlympicGames!A.What B.Whata C.Whatan D.How9.(2021·上海浦东新·二模)Getenoughsleep,________youwillalwaysbefullofenergyinclass.A.but B.for C.or D.and10.(2021·上海·模拟预测)“Jason,________afraidofspeakinginpublic.Justbelieveinyourself.”saidMum.A.notbe B.nottobe C.benot D.don’tbe11.(2021·上海浦东新·七年级期末)________afraid.Iwon’tletthesedogsbiteyou!A.Not B.Don’t C.Notbe D.Don’tbe12.(2021·上海·模拟预测)Closeyoureyesand________youaresittingonacloud.Howdoyoufeel?A.imagine B.imagining C.imagined D.toimagine13.(2022·上海虹口·二模)Oh,mygod!________awfulmessinthekitchenthechildrenhavemade!A.What B.Whata C.Whatan D.How14.(2022·上海闵行·二模)________excellentperformancetheartistsgaveattheCCTVGalaonNewYear’sEve!A.What B.How C.Whata D.Whatan15.(2022·上海黄浦·二模)________goodtimewehadplayingvolleyballonthebeach!A.How B.Howa C.What D.Whata16.(2022·上海徐汇·模拟预测)Spaceisbeautifulandfullofmystery.Ican’ttellyou_______amazingitis.A.how B.what C.whata D.whatan17.(2022·上海青浦·二模)________wonderfulmagicworldthefilmFantasticBeastshaspresentedtous!A.How B.What C.Whatan D.Whata18.(2022·上海·模拟预测)Goonadiet,________youwillnotloseyourweight.A.and B.so C.but D.or19.(2022·上海长宁·二模)________proudAdamfeltwhenhewaselectedcaptainofhisbasketballteamjustnow!A.What B.Whata C.How D.Howa20.(2022·上海金山·二模)________enjoyableitistohaveapicnicintheRiversideGreenSpaceatweekends!A.What B.Whatan C.Howan D.How21.(2022·上海黄浦·二模)________greatfunitistogoskatinginsuchachillyweather!A.What B.Whata C.Howa D.How22.(2022·上海·模拟预测)________usefulsuggestiontheteachergavemeonhowtosolvethisproblem!A.How B.What C.Whata D.Whatan23.(2022·上海·模拟预测)________wonderfulCrosstheYaluRiver(《跨过鸭绿江》)is!I’dliketoseeitagain.A.What B.Whata C.Howa D.How24.(2022·上海·模拟预测)Playersexcitedlytalkabout________amazingthenewHarryPotter-themedmobilephonegameis.A.how B.what C.whata D.whatan25.(2022·上海静安·一模)________greatfunitistodoaprojectwithmygroupmembers!A.What B.How C.Whata D.Whatan26.(2022·上海黄浦·一模)_________pityitisthatyouhavemissedsuchawonderfulfilm!A.What B.Whata C.How D.Howa27.(2021·上海浦东新·九年级期中)Takeaboattrip,________youwillbeattractedbythebeautyoftheLiRiver.A.and B.or C.so D.but28.(2021·上海嘉定·二模)Checkwhatyouhavewritten,_______youmaymakesomemistakesinyourapplicationform.A.or B.and C.but D.so29.(2021·上海嘉定·二模)Lucy,_______meyourdictionary,please.Iwanttolookupthenewword.A.pass B.passed C.passing D.topass30.(2021·上海松江·二模)Takethemedicinenow,_________thefeverwon’tcomedown.A.or B.and C.but D.so1.(2021·山东济南·中考真题)—________swiminthisriver.It’squitedeep.—Thanksfortellingme.A.No B.Not C.Don’t D.Doesn’t2.(2022·上海·中考真题)_______excitingsingingcontesttheyhadyesterday!A.What B.How C.Whatan D.Howan3.(2022·云南昆明·中考真题)—ShenzhouXIVcarriedthreeChineseastronautsintospacesuccessfully.—Wow,________excitingnews!Wearesoproud.A.what B.whata C.whatan D.how4.(2022·西藏·中考真题)Don’t________anynoisewhenyouareinthelibrary.A.makes B.make C.making D.made5.(2022·上海·中考真题)Haveabalanceddietandexerciseregularly_______youwillstayhealthy.A.and B.or C.but D.for6.(2018·上海·中考真题)Theself-divingplaneprovestobeusefulinmanyways.___smartinventionitis!A.What B.Whata C.Whatan D.How7.(2015·上海·中考真题)______importantitisforkidstoimaginefreely!A.what B.whata C.whatan D.how8.(2012·上海·中考真题)______wonderfulconcerttheyareputtingoninthecitysquare!A.How B.What C.Whata D.Whatan9.(2015·上海·中考真题)Please______yourexampapersonceagainbeforehandingthemin.A.goingover B.wentoverC.goover D.togoover10.(2020·上海·中考真题)—Tom,________heretocarrytheluggageupstairsforme,willyou?—Allright.A.come B.came C.coming D.tocome11.(2019·上海·中考真题)beautifullylittleSimondancesinfrontofthecamera!A.What B.Whata C.How D.Howa12.(2021·上海·中考真题)________amazingthefilmHi,Momis!Mother’slovealwaystouchesmyheart.A.Howan B.How C.Whatan D.What13.(2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题)________clevergirlKittyis!Shecancomeupwithsomecreativewaystofinishtheproject.A.What B.Howa C.How D.Whata14.(2022·四川达州·中考真题)—GuAiling________herdreamandwontwogoldmedalsinBeijing2022WinterOlympics.—___________excellentgirl!A.achieved;How B.cametrue;How C.achieved;Whatan D.cametrue;Whatan15.(2022·江苏南京·中考真题)—Finishyourhomework,________youcan’tplaycomputergames,Jim.—Allright,Mum.A.but B.till C.and D.or16.(2015·上海·中考真题)Leavethereferencebooksbehind,_____youwon’tbeabletothinkindependently.A.or B.and C.so D.but17.(2011·上海·中考真题)Taketheexamcarefully,_____youwon’tgetfullmarks.A.but B.and C.or D.so18.(2014·上海·中考真题)_____carefully,Michael!There’saschoolahead.A.Drive B.TodriveC.Drove D.Driving19.(2016·上海·中考真题)wonderfulspeechEmmagaveattheUNconference!A.How B.What C.Whata D.Whatan20.(2014·上海·中考真题)Therobotcanhelpmesweepthefloor.smartinventionitis!A.What B.WhataC.Whatan D.How考点10祈使句与感叹句(一)祈使句是用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。当主语是第二人称,通常省略。(二)感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子,句末通常用感叹号,读时一般用降调。考向一、祈使句(一)祈使句的定义用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。当主语是第二人称,通常省略。(二)祈使句的类型和结构类型肯定结构否定结构Do型动词原形(+\t"/item/%E7%A5%88%E4%BD%BF%E5%8F%A5/_blank"宾语)+其它成分Keepoffthegrass.句首+don'tDon’tforgetme.Be型Be+\t"/item/%E7%A5%88%E4%BD%BF%E5%8F%A5/_blank"表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分Becareful.句首+don'tDon’tbelateforschool.Let型Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分Letmehelpyou.Don't+let+\t"/item/%E7%A5%88%E4%BD%BF%E5%8F%A5/_blank"宾语+\t"/item/%E7%A5%88%E4%BD%BF%E5%8F%A5/_blank"动词原形+其它成分Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其它成分Don'tlethimgo.Lethimnotgo.No型No+名词/动名词Nosmoking.(三)祈使句的重点句型1.“祈使句+and+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述肯定的条件。2.“祈使句+or+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述否定的条件,or表示“否则;要不然”。

Hurryup,andyou’llcatchthetrain.(=Ifyouhurryup,you’llcatchthetrain.)

Hurryup,oryou’llmissthetrain.(=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llmissthetrain.)3.含有祈使句的直接引语变成间接引语时,其常用结构为“ask/request/tell/ordersb(not)todosth.”。如:

“Speakloudly,please!”theteachersaidtome.(=Theteacheraskedmetospeakloudly.)

“Don’tsmokeinthemeetingroom!”hesaidtoTom.(=HetoldTomnottosmokeinthemeetingroom.)1.(2021·上海奉贤·一模)Jerry,toformamindpictureifyouwanttorememberthelongword.A.tries B.trying C.try D.totry1.C【详解】句意:杰瑞,如果你想记住长单词,试着形成一幅思维图。考查祈使句。tries动词三单;trying动名词/现在分词;try动词原形;totry动词不定式。分析句子可知,此处是表示肯定的祈使句,所以用动词原形即可,故选C。考向二、感叹句(一)感叹句的定义感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子,句末通常用感叹号,读时一般用降调。(二)感叹句的常见类型类型结构例句whatWhat+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语Whataclevergirlsheis!Whataninterestingbookitis!What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语Whatbeautifulflowers!Whatgoodchildrentheyare!What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语Whatfineweatheritistoday!Whatimportantnewsitis!howHow+形容词/副词+主语+谓语Howcarefulsheis!Howfastheruns!How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语Howbeautifulagirlsheis!How+主语+谓语Howtimeflies!(三)陈述句转感叹句:“一断·二加·三换位”Thisisabeautifulflower·Thisflowerisbeautiful.“一断”:在谓语动词后将此句划断。Thisis|abeautifulflower.Thisfloweris|beautiful.“二加”:在第二部分前加“What或How”;中心词为名词时加“What”,是形容词、副词加“How”。Whatabeautifulflower…Howbeautiful…“三换位”:将第一部分与第二部分对换位置。Whatabeautifulflowerthisis!Howbeautifulthisfloweris!请将以下陈述句变成感叹句。①It’saninterestingfilm.②It’swonderfulweather.③Hedidtheworkcarefully.④Timepassedquickly.1.(2022·上海·模拟预测)—Look!Theplantsaregreenandtheflowersareopening.—Yes,it’sspringnow.________niceseason!A.What B.Whata C.Whatan D.How1.B【详解】句意:——看!植物是绿色的,花朵正在开放。——是的,现在是春天。多好的一个季节啊!考查感叹句。根据“niceseason!”可知,此处是感叹句,中心词season是可数名词单数形式,所以用what引导感叹句,其结构是“What+a/an+形容词+名词单数”,nice首字母发音是辅音音素,用不定冠词a。故选B。1.(2021·上海金山·八年级期末)Downloadthisapp,________youwillfinditeasytolearncooking.A.or B.so C.and D.but2.(2022·上海·模拟预测)Don’tbeafraidtomakemistakes,________you’llneverreallylearnthelanguage.A.and B.or C.so D.but3.(2022·上海奉贤·二模)_______terribleitisthatthepriceofoilhasrisentoover$100!A.Whata B.What C.How D.Howa4.(2022·上海崇明·模拟预测)________amazingtripitwas!Ievenswamwithdolphinslastsummer.A.How B.What C.Whata D.Whatan5.(2022·上海奉贤·一模)________badweather!Thestrongesttornado(龙卷风)inhistoryhitsixstatesinAmericalastmonth.A.Whata B.What C.How D.Howa6.(2022·上海嘉定·一模)________excitingnewsyou’vetoldus!Anewundergroundlinewillbebuiltnextyear.A.What B.Whata C.Whatan D.How7.(2022·上海·模拟预测)________relaxingitisformetowatchcartoons!Theyareusuallyfunnyanddramatic.A.What B.How C.Whata D.Howa8.(2022·上海崇明·一模)________excellentperformancetheChinesedivergaveinthe2020OlympicGames!A.What B.Whata C.Whatan D.How9.(2021·上海浦东新·二模)Getenoughsleep,________youwillalwaysbefullofenergyinclass.A.but B.for C.or D.and10.(2021·上海·模拟预测)“Jason,________afraidofspeakinginpublic.Justbelieveinyourself.”saidMum.A.notbe B.nottobe C.benot D.don’tbe11.(2021·上海浦东新·七年级期末)________afraid.Iwon’tletthesedogsbiteyou!A.Not B.Don’t C.Notbe D.Don’tbe12.(2021·上海·模拟预测)Closeyoureyesand________youaresittingonacloud.Howdoyoufeel?A.imagine B.imagining C.imagined D.toimagine13.(2022·上海虹口·二模)Oh,mygod!________awfulmessinthekitchenthechildrenhavemade!A.What B.Whata C.Whatan D.How14.(2022·上海闵行·二模)________excellentperformancetheartistsgaveattheCCTVGalaonNewYear’sEve!A.What B.How C.Whata D.Whatan15.(2022·上海黄浦·二模)________goodtimewehadplayingvolleyballonthebeach!A.How B.Howa C.What D.Whata参考答案:1.C【详解】句意:下载这个应用程序,你会发现学习烹饪很容易。考查连词词义辨析。or或者;so所以;and并且;but但是。本句是并列句,用于“祈使句+and/or”结构,相当于“Ifyou...,you’ll...”,or否则,不符合语境。故选C。2.B【详解】句意:不要害怕犯错误,否则你永远不会真正学会这门语言。考查连词辨析。and并且;or否则;so所以;but但是,根据句型“祈使句,and/or+一般将来时的句子”可知,排除C和D,由祈使句和后面的句子是转折关系,所以用or,排除A,故选B。3.C【详解】句意:油价涨到了100美元以上,这多么可怕啊!考查感叹句。感叹句构成:1、What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!2、What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!3、How+形容词+主语+谓语!分析句子结构可知,句子的中心词“terrible”是形容词,所以用how修饰,故选C。4.D【详解】句意:这是一次多么奇妙的旅行!去年夏天我甚至和海豚一起游泳。考查感叹句。此句的中心词为trip,是可数名词,符合结构:Whata/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主谓。amazing是以元音音素开头,应用an。故选D。5.B【详解】句意:多么糟糕的天气!上个月,历史上最强的龙卷风袭击了美国六个州。考查感叹句。英语感叹句由how和what引导,有四种结构:(1)How+形容词(+主语+谓语)!(2)What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!(3)What+形容词+可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)!(4)What+形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!由句中“weather”是不可数名词,可知使用“What+形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!”结构,故选B。6.A【详解】句意:你告诉我们的消息真令人兴奋!明年将修建一条新的地铁线。考查感叹句。what引导感叹句后接名词或名词性短语;how引导感叹句后接形容词或副词。空后“news”表示“新闻”,是不可数名词,可知用“What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓”结构。故选A。7.B【详解】句意:看卡通片对我来说是多么放松啊!它们通常是有趣的和戏剧性的。考查感叹句。what引导感叹句后接名词或名词性短语;how引导感叹句后接形容词或副词。空后relaxing“令人放松的”是形容词,可知用“How+形容词+主谓”结构,故选B。8.C【详解】句意:中国跳水运动员在2020年奥运会上的表现太精彩了!考查感叹句。根据“!”可知,此句为感叹句,又根据中心词“excellentperformance”以及“performance”在此句中为可数名词可知,此感叹句由what引导,即What+a/an+形容词+名词+主谓!“excellent”以元音音素开头,应该用不定冠词an修饰。故选C。9.D【详解】句意:有足够的睡眠,你将永远充满精力在课堂上。考查连词辨析。but但是;for因为;or否则;and和。此句是“祈使句+or/and+陈述句”结构,前后两句是并列关系,用and连接,故选D。10.D【详解】句意:妈妈说:“杰森,不要害怕在公共场合讲话,相信你自己”。考查祈使句的否定形式。根据句中标点符号“,”以及形容词afraid可知,此处是be型祈使句,即:be+表语+其他,否定形式为don’tbe+表语+其他,所以此处使用don’tbe。故选D。11.D【详解】句意:不要害怕。我不会让这些狗咬你的!考查祈使句。beafraid担心,害怕;此处是祈使句的否定形式,don’t+动词原形,故选D。12.A【详解】句意:闭上眼睛想象你正坐在云里。你感觉怎样?考查祈使句。imagine动词原形;imagining动名词;imagined动词的过去式;toimagine动词不定式。根据“Closeyoureyesand”可知是祈使句,此处用动词原形imagine与close形成并列。故选A。13.C【详解】句意:哦,我的天那!孩子们把厨房弄得一团糟!考查感叹句。makeamess搞得一团糟;弄脏乱。根据标点符号可知此句是感叹句,感叹句句型:What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主谓!How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主谓!又因修饰mess的awful是元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an。故选C。14.D【详解】句意:除夕夜,艺术家们在央视春晚上的表演多么精彩啊!考查感叹句。中心词performance是可数名词的单数形式,且excellent是以元音音素开头的,故用What引导的感叹句结构:What+an+形容词+可数名词单数形式+主谓,故选D。15.D【详解】句意:我们在沙滩上打排球玩得多开心啊!考查感叹句。感叹句一般以how或what开头,how作状语,修饰形容词或副词;what作定语,修饰名词(名词前可有形容词或冠词)。根据“…goodtimewehadplayingvolleyballonthebeach!”可知,本句的中心词是“time”,是名词,需用what来引导。根据“goodtime”可知,“good”修饰“time”,其前需用不定冠词“a”修饰,译为一段愉快的时光。故选D。16.(2022·上海徐汇·模拟预测)Spaceisbeautifulandfullofmystery.Ican’ttellyou_______amazingitis.A.how B.what C.whata D.whatan17.(2022·上海青浦·二模)________wonderfulmagicworldthefilmFantasticBeastshaspresentedtous!A.How B.What C.Whatan D.Whata18.(2022·上海·模拟预测)Goonadiet,________youwillnotloseyourweight.A.and B.so C.but D.or19.(2022·上海长宁·二模)________proudAdamfeltwhenhewaselectedcaptainofhisbasketballteamjustnow!A.What B.Whata C.How D.Howa20.(2022·上海金山·二模)________enjoyableitistohaveapicnicintheRiversideGreenSpaceatweekends!A.What B.Whatan C.Howan D.How21.(2022·上海黄浦·二模)________greatfunitistogoskatinginsuchachillyweather!A.What B.Whata C.Howa D.How22.(2022·上海·模拟预测)________usefulsuggestiontheteachergavemeonhowtosolvethisproblem!A.How B.What C.Whata D.Whatan23.(2022·上海·模拟预测)________wonderfulCrosstheYaluRiver(《跨过鸭绿江》)is!I’dliketoseeitagain.A.What B.Whata C.Howa D.How24.(2022·上海·模拟预测)Playersexcitedlytalkabout________amazingthenewHarryPotter-themedmobilephonegameis.A.how B.what C.whata D.whatan25.(2022·上海静安·一模)________greatfunitistodoaprojectwithmygroupmembers!A.What B.How C.Whata D.Whatan26.(2022·上海黄浦·一模)_________pityitisthatyouhavemissedsuchawonderfulfilm!A.What B.Whata C.How D.Howa27.(2021·上海浦东新·九年级期中)Takeaboattrip,________youwillbeattractedbythebeautyoftheLiRiver.A.and B.or C.so D.but28.(2021·上海嘉定·二模)Checkwhatyouhavewritten,_______youmaymakesomemistakesinyourapplicationform.A.or B.and C.but D.so29.(2021·上海嘉定·二模)Lucy,_______meyourdictionary,please.Iwanttolookupthenewword.A.pass B.passed C.passing D.topass30.(2021·上海松江·二模)Takethemedicinenow,_________thefeverwon’tcomedown.A.or B.and C.but D.so参考答案16.A【详解】句意:太空是漂亮的充满神秘色彩的,我不能告诉你它有多么令人惊喜。考查感叹句。“tellyou”后面是宾语从句,是感叹句的结构,“amazing”是形容词。用“how+形容词+主语+谓语动词”的结构。“what”引导感叹句结构是“what+a/an形容词+可数名词+主语谓语动词”或“what形容词+不可数名词+主语谓语动词”。故选A。17.D【详解】句意:电影《神奇动物》给我们展现了一个多么奇妙的魔法世界!考查感叹句。感叹句有两类:What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语;How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。中心词是可数名词单数world,且wonderful是辅音音素开头的单词,空处应是Whata,由what引导感叹句。故选D。18.D【详解】句意:节食吧,否则你的体重就不会减轻。考查连词辨析。and然后;so因此;but但是;or否则。根据“Goonadiet...youwillnotloseyourweight.”可知,此句为“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”的结构,此处应用or,表示否则体重不会减轻。故选D。19.C【详解】句意:亚当刚才当选篮球队队长时,他感到多么自豪!考查感叹句句型。感叹句句型有两种,what引导的感叹句:What+名词词组+主语+谓语;how引导的感叹句:How+形容词+主语+谓语。因“...proudAdamfelt”符合How引导的感叹句结构。故选C。20.D【详解】句意:周末在滨河绿地野餐是多么愉快啊!考查感叹句。本句中心词是“enjoyable”,是形容词,应用how引导感叹句,结构是:How+形容词+主语+谓语。故选D。21.A【详解】句意:在这么冷的天气里去滑冰是多么有趣啊!考查感叹句。根据“greatfunitistogoskatinginsuchachillyweather!”可知,这里考查感叹句,本句的中心词“fun”是不可数名词,great是形容词作定语修饰fun,因此是What引导的感叹句,结构是:What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!故选A。22.C【详解】句意:老师就如何解决这个问题给了我一个多么有用的建议啊!考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知,中心词suggestion是可数名词单数,因此用what引导感叹句;useful

又是以辅音音素开头的单词,因此用冠词a。故选C。23.D【详解】句意:《跨过鸭绿江》太精彩了!我想要再看一遍。考查感叹句。感叹句的结构为:What+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词+主语+谓语;Whata/an+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语;How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。中心词为形容词wonderful,用how引导感叹句,故选D。24.A【详解】句意:玩家们兴奋地谈论着新的哈利波特主题手机游戏是多么神奇。考查宾语从句。句子是含有宾语从句的复合句,根据“...amazingthenewHarryPotter-themedmobilephonegameis.”可知,从句属于感叹句句型“How+形容词+主谓”,因此用how引导从句。故选A。25.A【详解】句意:和我的小组成员一起做项目是多么有趣啊!考查感叹句。what引导感叹句,感叹的中心落在名词上,句式有:What+a/an+形容词+主语+谓语!What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!how引导感叹句,感叹的中心落在形容词或副词上或整个句子上,句式有:How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语!分析句子可知,本句感叹的中心落在名词上,且fun“乐趣”是不可数名词,所以,用what引导,句式为What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!故选A。26.B【详解】句意:你错过了这么好的电影,真可惜!考查感叹句。此处为感叹句,结构为what+a/an+adj.+名词单数+主语+谓语!此处pity表示“遗憾的事”,使用单数形式,pity前需要加不定冠词a,此处形容词可以省略。故选B。27.A【详解】句意:乘船旅行,你会被漓江的美景所吸引。考查连词。and和;or或者;so因此;but但是。根据题意可知,本题考查结构“祈使句+and+陈述句”,故选A。28.A【详解】句意:检查你所写的,否则你可能会在你的申请表上犯一些错误。考查连词辨析。or否则;and和;but但是;so因此。该句符合“祈使句+or/and+陈述句”的结构,根据句意可知,空前的祈使句表示条件,空后的陈述句表示“相反的结果”,所以应用or来连接。故选A。29.A【详解】句意:露西,请把你的字典递给我。我想查这个生词。考查祈使句的用法。pass递,动词原形;passed过去式;passing现在分词;topass不定式。这里的Lucy表示称谓,由please可知,该句应是表示请求或命令的祈使句,用动词原形。故选A。30.A【详解】句意:现在吃药,否则烧不退。考查连词。or或者,否则;and和;but但是;so因此。观察句子结构可知,本题考查“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构,句中的or表示“否则”的意思。故选A。1.(2021·山东济南·中考真题)—________swiminthisriver.It’squitedeep.—Thanksfortellingme.A.No B.Not C.Don’t D.Doesn’t2.(2022·上海·中考真题)_______excitingsingingcontesttheyhadyesterday!A.What B.How C.Whatan D.Howan3.(2022·云南昆明·中考真题)—ShenzhouXIVcarriedthreeChineseastronautsintospacesuccessfully.—Wow,________excitingnews!Wearesoproud.A.what B.whata C.whatan D.how4.(2022·西藏·中考真题)Don’t________anynoisewhenyouareinthelibrary.A.makes B.make C.making D.made5.(2022·上海·中考真题)Haveabalanceddietandexerciseregularly_______youwillstayhealthy.A.and B.or C.but D.for6.(2018·上海·中考真题)Theself-divingplaneprovestobeusefulinmanyways.___smartinventionitis!A.What B.Whata C.Whatan D.How7.(2015·上海·中考真题)______importantitisforkidstoimaginefreely!A.what B.whata C.whatan D.how8.(2012·上海·中考真题)______wonderfulconcerttheyareputtingoninthecitysquare!A.How B.What C.Whata D.Whatan9.(2015·上海·中考真题)Please______yourexampapersonceagainbeforehandingthemin.A.goingover B.wentoverC.goover D.togoover10.(2020·上海·中考真题)—Tom,________heretocarrytheluggageupstairsforme,willyou?—Allright.A.come B.came C.coming D.tocome11.(2019·上海·中考真题)beautifullylittleSimondancesinfrontofthecamera!A.What B.Whata C.How D.Howa12.(2021·上海·中考真题)________amazingthefilmHi,Momis!Mother’slovealwaystouchesmyheart.A.Howan B.How C.Whatan D.What13.(2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题)________clevergirlKittyis!Shecancomeupwithsomecreativewaystofinishtheproject.A.What B.Howa C.How D.Whata14.(2022·四川达州·中考真题)—GuAiling________herdreamandwontwogoldmedalsinBeijing2022WinterOlympics.—___________excellentgirl!A.achieved;How B.cametrue;How C.achieved;Whatan D.cametrue;Whatan15.(2022·江苏南京·中考真题)—Finishyourhomework,________youcan’tplaycomputergames,Jim.—Allright,Mum.A.but B.till C.and D.or16.(2015·上海·中考真题)Leavethereferencebooksbehind,_____youwon’tbeabletothinkindependently.A.or B.and C.so D.but17.(2011·上海·中考真题)Taketheexamcarefully,_____youwon’tgetfullmarks.A.but B.and C.or D.so18.(2014·上海·中考真题)_____carefully,Michael!There’saschoolahead.A.Drive B.TodriveC.Drove D.Driving19.(2016·上海·中考真题)wonderfulspeechEmmagaveattheUNconference!A.How B.What C.Whata D.Whatan20.(2014·上海·中考真题)Therobotcanhelpmesweepthefloor.smartinventionitis!A.What B.WhataC.Whatan D.How参考答案:1.C【详解】句意:——不要在这条河里游泳。河很深。——感谢告诉我。考查祈使句。祈使句的否定形式可以用No+doing/n.或Don’t+do构成,根据“...swimintheriver.”可知,本题应用Don’t。故选C。2.C【详解】句意:他们昨天举行了多么令人兴奋的歌唱比赛啊!考查感叹句。本句中心词为contest,是可数名词单数,符合结构“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主谓!”。故选C。3.A【详解】句意:——神舟十四号成功地将三名中国宇航员送入太空。——哇,多么令人兴奋的消息!我们非常自豪。考查感叹句。感叹句中心词是不可数名词news,符合“What+adj+不可数名词+主谓”的结构,故选A。4.B【详解】句意:当你在图书馆时不要制造任何噪音。考查祈使句。此处是祈使句,使用动词原形,故选B。5.A【详解】句意:保持均衡的饮食和有规律的运动,你就会保持健康。考查连词。and表并列或递进,和;or否则,或者;but但是;for因为。根据句型“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”可知,此处用and表递进关系。故选A。6.B【详解】句意:自潜水飞机在很多方面都有用途。多么聪明的发明啊!感叹句一般有两种结构:What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!名词是复数或不可数名词,不加a/an。How+形容词+主语+谓语!本句的中心词invention为可数名词单数形式,应该用what来引导,smart以辅音音素开头,前面应该用不定冠词a,故答案为B。点睛:判断感叹句是由what还是how引导的方法:首先,断句。从句子后面向前看,找到“主语+谓语+其他”部分,把句子断开;其次,观察。观察句子前面剩余部分为名词(词组),还是形容词或副词;再次,加词。若是名词(词组),那么本句由what(a/an)引导;若是形容词或副词,那么本句就由how引导。7.D【详解】句意:对于孩子们自由的想象是多么的重要呀!感叹句一般有

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