2019-2020学年高中英语Unit4AstronomythescienceofthestarsSectionBLearningaboutLanguage课件新人教版必修3_第1页
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Unit4

Astronomy:

thescienceofthestarsSectionBLearningaboutLanguage单元语法

名词性从句(Ⅱ)——主语从句在主从复合句中,充当主语的从句叫主语从句,它是名词性从句之一。引导主语从句的连接词有:从属连词:在从句中不作成分连接代词:在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语连接副词:在从句中作状语◆要点一引导主语从句的连接词(1)从属连词:that,whether/if①that在从句中不充当句子成分,也无意义,只起连接作用,但不可省略。②whether在从句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用,意为“是否”。whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首,也可放在句末。而if引导的主语从句不能放在句首,只能放在句末。(2)连接代词:who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等连接代词引导主语从句时,在句中既起连接作用,又在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。(3)连接副词:when,where,why,how在从句中作状语,分别表示时间、地点、原因和方式。题组练·领悟方法单句语法填空

(1)[词汇复现]

smokingisharmfultohealthisknowntoeveryone.(2)[词汇复现]

lifeexistsonotherplanetsisnotclearyet.(3)Itisstilldoubtful

shewillplaytherole.(4)[词汇复现]

willbring

upthechildhasn’tbeendecidedyet.(5)[词汇复现]

lifestyleisthemostbeneficialtoourhealthisstillunknown.ThatWhetherwhether/ifWhoWhich单句写作

(6)[词汇复现]

solvesthepuzzlecanreceivetheaward.(7)[词汇复现]

youdoshoulddonoharmtoothers.(8)[词汇复现]

wewillset

offhasn’tbeendecided.(9)[词汇复现]

hespied

onmepuzzledmeforalongtime.(10)[词汇复现]

heearned

his

livingbeforeisnotcleartous.WhoeverWhateverHowWhenWhy◆要点二用it作形式主语的主语从句当主语从句过长时,为了避免头重脚轻,常用it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置。用it作形式主语的常见句型有:(1)It+be+形容词+that从句常用于该句型的形容词有clear,obvious,true,natural,possible,likely,certain,fortunate,strange,necessary,important等。(2)It+be+名词(词组)+that从句常用于该句型的名词(词组)有apity,ashame,goodnews,afact,anhonour,awonder,nowonder等。(3)It+be+过去分词+that从句常用于该句型的过去分词有said,believed,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,suggested,hoped等。◆误区警示当过去分词是suggested,ordered,required,advised,requested,insisted等表示建议、要求、命令等的词时,主语从句应使用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”。Itisorderedthatwe(should)goatonce.根据命令,我们应该立刻出发。(4)It+不及物动词(短语)+that从句常用于该句型的不及物动词(短语)有seem(看上去),turnout(证明是),happen(碰巧),appear(显得)等。(5)其他句型单句写作(1)[词汇复现]很明显,那个女孩说了谎。

thegirltoldalie.(2)[词汇复现]你父母不允许你和我们一起去,真遗憾。

yourparentsdidn’tpermityoutogowithus.(3)难怪你取得了这么大的成功。

you’veachievedsogreatsuccess.(4)[词汇复现]据报道,日本发生了强烈地震。

aviolentearthquakehappenedinJapan.(5)有人建议,这项工作得特别谨慎地去做。

thework(should)bedonewithgreatcare.ItisclearthatItisapitythatItisnowonderthatItisreportedthatItissuggestedthat(6)碰巧他那天不在家。

hewasoutthatday.(7)结果是我们错了。

wewerewrong.(8)他喜不喜欢它都没有关系。

helikesitornot.(9)你是否支持我的计划都不重要。

yousupportmyplanornot.(10)我突然想起我把钱包落在家里了。

Ihadleftmypurseathome.IthappenedthatItturnedoutthatItdoesn’tmatterwhetherItmakesnodifferencewhetherItsuddenlyoccurredtomethat◆要点三使用主语从句的注意事项(1)主语从句应用陈述语序(2)主谓一致问题①单个从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。但what引导的主语从句,若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式,则谓语动词通常用复数形式,但也有用单数形式的情况。②用and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用复数;由两个或两个以上连接词引导一个主语从句时,谓语动词用单数。(3)whether引导的主语从句,如果使用了形式主语it,引导词whether可以换成if。如果whether从句在句首或后面直接跟ornot时,不能换成if。单句语法填空

(1)Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeheld

(have)notbeendecidedyet.(2)Whenweshallhaveoursportsmeeting

(have)notbeendecided.(3)[词汇复现]Whatastronautsneedinthespaceship

(be)oxygen.(4)[词汇复现]Whatthechildrenintheareastarve

for

(be)books.(5)[词汇复现]Whentheywillset

offandwheretheywillgo

(have)notbeendecidedyet.hashasisarehave单句写作

(6)[词汇复现]他能否赶上会议还很难说。

isdoubtful.(7)[词汇复现]他是否删减自己的小说还没决定。

hasnotbeendecidedyet

hewillcut

downhisnovel.(8)[词汇复现]我不知道儿子是否能自力更生。Idon’tknow

mysoncanearnhisliving

.Whetherhewillbeintimeforthemeetingwhether/ifItwhethernot综合练·提升能力基础知识自测Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空1.[2019·全国Ⅰ卷]

youneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.2.[2019·全国Ⅰ卷]Thedeadlinesand

youneedtoapplydependontheprogramme.3.[2013·天津卷]

IwanttotellyouisthedeeploveandrespectIhaveformyparents.4.[2013·四川卷]

yousaidatthemeetingdescribesabrightfutureforthecompany.5.[2013·北京卷]Itremainstobeseen

thenewlyformedcommittee’spolicycanbeputintopractice.WhatwhatWhatwhether/ifWhat6.[2013·江西卷]

oneofyoubreaksthewindowwillhavetopayforit.7.[2013·北京卷]

makesthebooksoextraordinaryisthecreativeimaginationofthewriter.8.[2014·全国卷]Exactly

thepotatowasintroducedintoEuropeisuncertain,butitwasprobablyaround1565.9.[2014·天津卷]Ithink

impressesmeabouthispaintingisthecoloursheuses.10.[2014·陕西卷]

thedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.WhicheverWhatwhenwhatWhen11.[2015·江苏卷]

LiBai,agreatChinesepoet,wasbornisknowntothepublic,butsomewon’tacceptit.12.[2015·北京卷]

weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.13.[2016·江苏卷]Itisoftenthecase

anythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.14.[2016·北京卷]Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.

youcandohelps.15.[2017·北京卷]Everyyear,

makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.WhereHowthatwhoeverWhatever学科素养提升Ⅱ.语法填空A主题:人与自然(科学与技术)体裁:说明文话题:“嫦娥”奔月Itisknowntous1

theMoon’snearside,theoneweallsee,hasbeenthetargetofmanyroboticandhumanmissions.However,itsfarside,also2

(call)thedarksidebecauseitfacesawayfromtheEarthandlittle3

(know)aboutit,hasneverbeenexplored.ThatchangedonJan3rd,2019,whenChineseChang’e4probemadeasoftlandingonwhatisoftenreferredtoasthedarkside.Thelandingis4

exampleofChina’sgrowingdesire5

(compete)withtheAmerican,RussianandEuropeanspaceprogram.Chinaalsowantsto6

(strength)itspositionasaregionalandinternationalpower.

called

isknown

an

tocompete

strengthen

thatOneofthegreat7

(difficulty)inexploringthefarsideoftheMoonisthatitblocksallradiosignals,8

(make)itimpossibletocommunicatewiththeEarth.Toovercomethisdifficulty,in2017,theChineseNationalSpaceAdministrationlaunchedasatellitetoorbittheMoonandrelaythesignals.Oncea9

(rely)communicationpathwasinplace,Chang’e4couldsendbackinformation.Chang’e4willmakeastronomicalobservationsandexaminethestructureandmineralcompositionofthegroundaboveandbelowthesurface,10

researchersbelievewillprovideinsightsintothesolarsystem’searlydaysandperhapseventheoriginofthefirststars.difficultiesmakingreliablewhich

B主题:人与社会(科学与技术)体裁:说明文话题:机器人Robotsandartificialintelligencearegettingbettereveryyear.Whilewe’reprobablystillafewdecadesawayfrom1

(true)human-likeAI,atpresent,thetechnologyhasadvancedenoughthatit2

(use)acrossawidevarietyofprofessions—includingafewfieldsyouwouldn’texpect,suchasthepracticeofmedicineandpsychology.However,itseems3

Japanwantstopushuseven4

(close)toaworldwhererobotsreplacehumansinmanyjobs.Thecountry’sAdvancedIndustrialScienceandTechnologyInstitutehasreportedlycreatedarobot,calledHRP-5P,5

caninstalldrywall

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