2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit3Theworldofscience教学知识细解码教案外研版必修第三册

PAGE10-Unit3Theworldofscience1．virtualadj.模拟的→virtuallyadv.模拟2．flexibleadj.易弯曲的，柔韧的；有弹性的→inflexibleadj.僵化的→flexiblyadv.敏捷地；易曲地；松软地；有弹性地→flexibilityn．敏捷性；柔韧度3．capableadj.有实力的→capablyadv.有实力地→capabilityn．才能，实力1．pressv．压，按，靠着；按(按钮或开关)n.新闻报道；新闻界；印刷机；出版社①Thepresshavebeenverycriticalabouthimandhisfamily. 新闻界②Judgingfromthepress，theconcertwasagreatsuccess. 新闻报道③Sincetheinventionofprintingpress，poemsbecamemorepopular. 印刷机④Shepressedherfaceagainstthewindowwithtearsrunningdown.压，按，靠着⑤Dragopressedabuttonandthedoorclosedbeforewewalkedin.按(按钮或开关)⑥ThedictionarywaspublishedbyOxfordUniversityPress. 出版社2．shootv．射出(光、亮等)；射门，投球；射击；拍摄①Smithshotthewolfandthentookthebabywolfaway. 射击②Giggsshottheballfromthehalfwaylineandgotthepoint. 射门③ThemoviewasshotinNewZealandinthewinterof2024. 拍摄④Astrongwhitelightshotintotheskyandthenanexplosionfollowed. 射出(光、亮等)3．holdup举起；支撑；延误，阻滞；持枪抢劫(银行、商店等)①Sheheldupherarmandwipedhertearsoff. 举起②Thisoldtreeisheldupbyapost. 支撑③Athiefranoffafterholdingupapetrolstation. 持枪抢劫④Thetrainwasheldupbyheavyfoglastnight. 延误WordsAndPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(学问要点1)inventionn．独创，创意，创建(教材P26)Readtheinterviewandfindoutwhatinventionsarementioned.阅读这则采访，找出文中提到了什么独创。[例1]Papermakingwasawonderfulinventionatthetime.造纸术在当时是一项了不得的独创。[例2]Suchchangeshavenotbeenseensincetheinventionoftheprintingmachine.自从独创了印刷机，这种变更还没有出现过。[造句]请告知我们，你是怎么想到你那个独创的。Tellushowyougettheideaforyourinvention.[学问拓展]inventv． 独创，创建inventorn. 独创家；创建者；独创者inventiveadj. 擅长独创的；有创建力的[即学即练]单句语法填空①Wereallydon'tknowwhoinvented(invent)themachineatthattime.②Theinventive(invent)boywasadmiredbytheclassmatesaroundhim.[小片段填空]Thegreatinventorwashardworkinganditwastheyearsofeffortsthatledtotheinventioncomingintobeing.Theinventiveyoungmanwasadmiredbythekingandwasinvitedtoinventmoreinthecourt.这位宏大的独创家很努力工作，正是他多年的努力才会有了他的独创的形成。这位擅长独创的年轻人得到了国王的赏识，并被邀请到皇宫里独创更多的东西。eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点2)flexibleadj.易弯曲的，柔韧的，敏捷的；有弹性的(教材P26)Forexample，advancesinvirtualrealityandwearabletech，aswellastheflexiblebattery，meanweshouldsoonbeseeingfurtherdevelopments.例如，虚拟现实以及可穿戴技术方面的进步，以及可折叠电池，意味着我们应当很快就会看到进一步的发展。[例1]Flexibleworkinghoursprovetobeusefulandeffectiveinimprovingthework.弹性工作时间在促进工作方面证明是有用且有效的。[例2]Thehaironthebrushisflexibleenoughforyoutouseindifferenttypesofpaper.这只毛笔的毛足够柔韧，可以让你在不同类型的纸张上运用。[造句]这款柔性电池的用处相当大。Theflexiblebatteriesofthistypecanbeusedinmanyways.[学问拓展]flexibilityn． 柔韧性；敏捷性flexiblyadv. 易曲地，松软地；敏捷地inflexibleadj. 不敏捷的，柔韧性差的[即学即练]单句语法填空①Howtofaceallkindsofmembersintelligentlyandflexibly(flexible)?②Theagelimitfornewmembersmaybehandledwithgreatflexibility(flexible)．eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点3)inaddition除此之外；另外(教材P27)Inaddition，importantadvanceshavebeenmadeinmedicineandenvironmentalsciencethankstoincreasingcomputerpower.此外，由于计算机实力的提高，医学和环境科学也取得了重大进展。[例1]Thehotelitselfcanaccommodate80guestsandinaddition，thereareseveralself­cateringapartments.酒店本身可容纳80名客人，此外，还有几个自助餐饮公寓。[例2]Unfortunately，thelocalleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmuch.Inaddition，theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses.然而不幸的是，地方领导投资失误，损失惨重。另外，他们还将数百万美元的钱财挪为己用。[造句]你须要钱和时间，此外还须要努力。Youneedmoneyandtime.Inaddition，youneedhardwork.[学问拓展](1)inadditionto＝besides＝apart/asidefrom/aswellas 除……之外，还……(2)additionaladj. 额外的，附加的[即学即练]单句语法填空①Inadditiontoreading(read)forknowledge，wereadforfunandinspiration.②Hisgenerousdonationfilledourneedforadditional(addition)funds.eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点4)intermsof依据；根据；在……方面；以……措词(教材P27)Intermsoftheenvironment，itisnowpossibletocreateanintelligentwalkinghouse.在环境方面，现在有可能创建一个智能步行屋。[例1]ThistitleranksalongsidetheOlympicsintermsofimportance.这项冠军的重要程度可与奥运会冠军媲美。[例2]Thejobisgreatintermsofsalary，butithasitsdisadvantages.就薪水而言，这个工作倒是挺不错的，但也有一些不利之处。[造句]就费用而言，你考虑收费多少？Intermsofthecost，howmuchwereyouthinkingofcharging?[学问拓展]termn． 学期；术语intheshortterm 从短期来看；就眼前来说inthelongterm 从长远来看onone'sownterms 根据自己的条件beongoodtermswith 友好，关系良好；按条件[即学即练]单句语法填空①I'llonlytakethejobonmyownterms.②Suchadevelopmentseemsunlikely，atleastintheshortterm.[小片段填空]Intheshorttermweshouldstudyhardeverydaywhileinthelongtermweshouldattachimportancetooursocialskillsandourstudyatthesametime.Intermsofourdream，weshouldpayattentiontoeverysteponourwaytosuccess.Asfaraspossible，withoutgivingup，beongoodtermswithallpersonsaroundyou.短期来看我们应当每天努力学习，而长远来看我们应当把重点同时放在社交技能和学习两方面。就幻想而言，我们应当留意胜利道路上的每一步。只要有可能，不放弃，同全部人保持良好的关系。eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点5)capableadj.有实力的；足以胜任的(教材P27)ItiscapableofusingGPStechnologytotraveltodifferentplaces，withcomputingtechnologycontrollingits“legs”．它可以运用GPS技术各处旅行，用计算技术限制它的“腿”。[例1]He'squitecapableoflyingtogetoutoftrouble.靠撒谎渡过难关他挺有一套。[例2]I'mperfectlycapableofdoingitmyself，thankyou.感谢，我完全有实力自己做。[造句]你有实力做得比这更好。Youarecapableofbetterworkthanthis.[学问拓展]becapableof 有实力做某事incapableadj. 没有实力(做某事)；不能自理的capablyadv. 能干地[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thechildrenseemtobetotallycapableofwalking(walk)bythemselves.②Ifpeoplekeeptellingyouyou'reincapable(capable)，youbegintoloseconfidenceinyourself.[小片段填空]Thecapablemanwasregardedasveryboringtoworkwithandwasfoundlyingintheroad，drunkandincapable．Sodon'tthinkthatyouarecapableofdoingeverything.Sometimesyoucan'tevencapablydealwiththerelationshipbetweenpeoplearoundyou.这个有实力的人被认为和他一起工作很乏味，随后他被发觉躺在路边，烂醉如泥。所以不要认为你啥都能干。有时你甚至不能处理好和你身边人的关系。eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点6)leadto导致；通向(教材P27)Now，reducedenergysuppliesandenvironmentalpollutionhaveledtomoreadvancesinthetechnologyofnewenergyvehicles.现在，能源供应的削减和环境的污染导致了新能源汽车技术的进步。[例1]Suchamistakewouldperhapsleadtodisastrousresults.这样一种错误可能导致灾难性的后果。[例2]AllroadsleadtoRome.条条大路通罗马。[造句]过量的工作和过少的休息会引起疾病。Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoftenleadtoillness.[学问拓展]leadsb.to＋someplace 带领某人到某地leadtosb./sth.doingsth. 使得某人/某物做某事leadsb.todosth. 使某人做某事leadahappylife 过着华蜜的生活[即学即练]单句语法填空①OurEnglishteacherhasastrangewayofleadingustostudy(study)Englishactively.②Thisstreetleadsyoutothestationandyoucanfindthesupermarketnearby.SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重点句式1)willbedoing将来进行时(教材P26)Thisevening，IwillbetalkingtoDrRichardFairhurst，whosenewbookTheNewAgeofInventionhasjustbeenpublished.今晚，我将和理查德·费尔赫斯特博士沟通，他的新书《独创的新时代》刚刚出版。句式分析：该句的时态是将来进行时，其结构是willbedoing表示将来的一段时间或者一个时间点上正在进行的动作或者持续的状态。[例1]I'llbestayingwithmyfriendatthistimetomorrow.明天这个时候我将正和挚友呆在一起。[例2]TheywillbeflyingacrosstheAtlanticat5o'clockthisafternoon.今日下午五点钟他们将正在飞越大西洋。[造句]我下个星期来看你。Iwillbeseeingyounextweek.[学问拓展](1)表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，一般带时间状语。(2)表示已经确定或支配好的要发生的动作。(3)表示预料中要发生的动作。(4)与一般将来时的区分：will/shall＋动词原形通常表示临时确定或个人意愿，将来进行时没有这层用法。begoingtodo表示支配、准备和支配要发生或有种种迹象表明将要发生的事，而将来进行时表示主观上臆断和揣测要发生某事。[翻译]①Itisaterriblyheavybox.Iwillhelpyoutocarryit.(我来帮你)②Lookattheclouds.Itisgoingtorainsoon.(将要下雨)[即学即练]单句语法填空①Pleasecometomorrowafternoon，Iwillbehaving(have)ameetingtomorrowmorning.②Thebadweather！Hopefully，whenhewakes(wake)uptomorrowmorning，thesunwillbeshining.eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式2)with复合结构(教材P27)ItiscapableofusingGPStechnologytotraveltodifferentplaces，withcomputingtechnologycontrollingits“legs”．它可以运用GPS技术各处旅行，用计算技术限制它的“腿”。句式分析：本句中withcomputingtechnologycontrollingits“legs”是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的复合结构。因宾语computingtechnology和宾语补足语之间是逻辑主谓关系，所以宾语补足语用v.­ing形式，表示主动。该结构常作缘由、条件、时间、方式或伴随状语，也可作后置定语。[例1]Iwon'tbeabletogoonholidaywiththeheavyraingoingon.因为外面下大雨，我无法去度假。[例2]Helayonhisback，withhiseyeslookingupintothesky.他仰面躺着，眼向上盯着天空。[造句]冬天来了，该买厚衣服了。Withwintercomingon，it'stimetobuywarmclothes.[学问拓展]常见的with复合结构：with＋宾语＋形容词/副词/介词短语with＋宾语＋doing(表主动、进行)with＋宾语＋done(表被动、完成)with＋宾语＋todo(表未做)[翻译]①Heisusedtosleepingwiththewindowopenatnightinsummer.(窗户开着)②Theteachercameinwithabookinhishand．(手里一本书)[即学即练]单句语法填空①Withsomanythingstodo(do)，Iwon'thavetimetogoouttonight.②Withtheproblemsettled(settle)，hewasveryhappy.eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式3)强调句型(教材P27)Sowhatisitthatinspiresustoinventthings?那么是什么激励着我们去独创东西呢？句式分析：本句为强调句型的特别疑问句，疑问词what是被强调部分，作句子的主语。强调句的基本结构为“Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that(指人时可用who)＋其他部分”。被强调的部分通常是句子的主语、宾语和状语。[例1]ItwasinthestreetthatImetLiHua.我是在大街上遇到李华的。[例2]WhowasitthatwontheUSOpen?在美国公开赛上获胜的是谁？[造句]他刚才见你的地方是在办公室吗？Wasitintheofficethathesawyoujustnow?[学问拓展](1)强调句的一般疑问句：Was/Isit＋被强调部分＋that(强调人时可用who)...?强调句的特别疑问句形式：疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其余部分...?(2)until引导的时间状语从句的强调句型：Itis/wasnotuntil...that...(3)强调句型的判别方式：把itis/was及that去掉，调整后依旧是一个完整的句子；否则，就不是强调句型。(4)在强调句型中，当强调主语时，其后的谓语动词应同被强调成分的人称和数保持一样。[翻译]①Itwasnotuntiltwelveo'clocklastnightthatIwenttobed.(直到昨晚十二点)②ItwaswhenhetookoffhissunglassesthatIrecognizedhim.(他摘下来墨镜的时候)[即学即练]单句语法填空①ItwasHaydnwho/thatencouragedBeethoventomovetoVienna.②Iwantedtofigureoutwhenwasitthattheywentabroad.1．(教材P26)Itsuggeststhatthepresentdayisanewageforinventions，butmanypeoplemightthinkthatthegreatageofinventionisover.[分析]该句是but连接的并列复合句。but前后两个都是主从复合句。前后两个句子中that引导的都是宾语从句，分别作动词suggest和think的宾语。[译文]这表明当今是一个独创的新时代，但很多人可能认为独创的宏大时代已经结束了。2．(教材P26)Forexample，advancesinvirtualrealityandwearabletech，aswellastheflexiblebattery，meanweshouldsoonbeseeingfurtherdevelopments.[分析]该句是个主从复合句。主句的主语是advancesinvirtualrealityandwearabletech，谓语动词是mean；谓语动词后面的部分是宾语从句；其中的aswellastheflexiblebattery是插入语，表示补充说明。[译文]例如，虚拟现实以及可穿戴技术方面的进步，以及可折叠电池，意味着我们应当很快就会看到进一步的发展。教材高考1.Afaintbluelightshotacrossit，darkeningtopurple，andpresentlyshecouldseetheimageofherson，wholivedontheothersideoftheearth，andhecouldseeher.(2024·全国卷Ⅱ)Infact，theywereshotfrom1914through1916，mostofthemafteradisastrousshipwreck，byacameramanwhohadnoreasonableexpectationofsurvival.2.Inaddition，importantadvanceshavebeenmadeinmedicineandenvironmentalsciencethankstoincreasingcomputerpower.(2024·江苏卷)Inaddition，theteamsetupaseparateexperimentthatsuggestedthatthebabybirdsthatmostcloselyimitatedtheirmom'svoicewererewardedwiththemostfood.3.BritishbiologistCharlesDarwin(1809－1882)isbestknownforhisworkOntheOriginofSpecies，inwhichheexplainschangesinspeciesduetonaturalselection.(2024·全国卷Ⅲ)Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginalcreations.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Withsoloudnoisesgoing(go)outside，thestudentscouldn'tconcentrateonstudy.2．Itisbecausehewaslateforschoolmorethantwicethathewaspunishedtocleanthefloor.3．Thecrazydogwasshot(shoot)dead，thenburnedandburieddeepintothemud.4．Intermsoftheenvironment，weoweitanapologybecauseoftheheavypollution.5．Theoldmanwasforcedtopress(press)hisfingeronthecontract.6．Manycollegestudentscameherewiththenationalflagsheld(hold)upintheirhands.7．AtthistimenextweekIwillbesitting(sit)onabeachinGreece.8．Hiscarelessoperationledtohislosing(lose)mostofhismoneylentfromhisneighbours.9．First，choosethehandyouoftenusesothatyoucanapplyitflexibly(flexible)．10．Thelatestinventions(invention)inShanghaiImportExpoleaveadeepimpression.Ⅱ.短语填空leadto；intermsof；nodoubt；thanksto；givesb.someexamples；becapableof；virtualreality；insteadof；what'smore；inaddition1．Asweallknow，hardworkisessentialforourcareertoleadtosuccess.2．Intermsofwhathesaid，heknowsnothingabouttheaccidentthismorning.3．ButnodoubtyoustudiedinthesameseniorhighschoolasIdid.4．Thankstothebadweather，wehadmoretime