2022-2023学年浙江省杭州市高三上学期期中英语试题及答案

2022-2023学年浙江省杭州市高三上学期期中英语试题及答案第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whydidn’tthemangototheparty?A.Hedidn’tfeelwelllastnight.B.HepreferredtowatchTV.C.Hewasn’tJason’sbestfriend.2.Whatdoesthewomansuggest?A.Focusingoncharacters’life.B.Practicingwritingdialogue.C.Lookingforeffectivetools.3.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Confident.B.Anxious.C.Bored.4.Wherearethetwospeakers?A.Atthehilltop.B.Inacar.C.Inahotel.5.WhatwillJessicaprobablydoaftertheconversation?A.Gofishing.B.Takeanexam.C.Reviseherlessons.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Givingtasks.B.Welcomingguests.C.Makingintroductions.7.WhatisIanresponsiblefor?A.Marketing.B.Orderingprocess.C.ITsystems.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatisthewoman?A.Amusician.B.Anactress.C.Adancer.9.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Attendingabirthdayparty.B.Changingaplan.C.Havingdinnertogether.10.WhatwilltheydonextFriday?A.Gotothecinema.B.Enjoyaconcert.C.Watchaplay.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howmuchwillthemanpayforhisroompernight?A.150dollars.B.166dollars.C.196dollars.12.Whatwillthemanneedtopayfor?A.Thepool.B.Theexerciseroom.C.Hislunch.13.Whenwillthemangivehiscreditcardinformation?A.Duringthephonecall.B.Onarrivalatthehotel.C.Attheendofthestay.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Husbandandwife.C.Teacherandstudent.15.Whatisthewomangoingtodonextweek?A.MeetthecustomerinGermany.B.Sendanemailtothecustomer.C.Arrangeanonlineinterview.16.Whatisthesecondtaskfortheman?A.Reservingaprojectroom.B.Invitingpeopletothemeeting.C.Findingatimeforthemeeting.17.Whoisgoingtomakethepresentation?A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Themanagers.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatisthedeadlineoftheessay?A.October18.B.October20.C.October28.19.Whatshouldbedoneaftertheessayisemailed?A.Listbooksusedinorder.B.Remindthespeakertoread.C.Checkifithasbeenreceived.20.Whydoesthespeakerpreferemailtopapercopies?A.It’seasytomark.B.It’stime-saving.C.It’sgreen.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourWaysYourCatTriestoCommunicatewithYouCatsareamazingcreatures,andwhiletheycan’ttalktous,theycertainlyknowhowtocommunicatetheirneedsandfeelings.It’sjustuptoustolearnhowtolistentowhattheyaresaying.MeowingCatsmeowattheirownersforseveralreasons,including:toaskforfood,togreetpeople,toaskforattention,toletyouknowtheywanttogooutside/comeinside.Inaddition,elderlycatssufferingfromcognitivedisfunction,similartoAlzheimer’sDisease(阿尔兹海默症)inhumans,maymeowduetobecomingconfusedordisoriented,soweencourageyoutoscheduleanappointmentwithusifyourseniorcatseemsconfusedorismeowingmorethanusual.PurringWhilecatsdopurrasasignofcontentment,theyalsodoitasaself-comfortingmechanismwhensick,stressedorinjured.Ifyourcatispurringbutalsoshowingsignsthatsomethingmaybewrong,likehidingmorethanusualorrefusingfood/water,theycouldbesickorinpain.TailPostureIftheyholdtheirtailstraightupandhaverelaxedfur,they’relikelytofeelhappyorcurious.Butiftheirfurstandsonendwhiletheirtailisstraight,thisindicatesfearoranger.Holdingthetailloworhiddenbetweenthelegsindicatesinsecurity,andatailthat’srapidlytwitchingbackandforthsuggestsanxiety.RubbingWhenyourcatrubsagainstyourlegsorgivesyouheadbutts,theyaretellingyouthattheyloveyou.Thatisnottheonlythingtheyaredoing,though!Catsrubtheirbodiesandcheeksagainstpeopleandobjectstomarktheirterritoryandtoclaimhumans,othercats,andvariousobjectsastheirown.1.Whencatsaresickorinpain,whataretheylikelytodo?A.Meowattheirowners. B.Rubagainstyourlegs.C.Purrandrefusefood. D.Holdtheirtailstraightup.2.Whatmayacatshowwhenithidesitstailbetweenlegs?A.Insecurity. B.Depression. C.Curiosity. D.Happiness.3.Whoprovidesthistextmostprobably?A.Acatsitter. B.Acatowner.C.Ananimalshelter. D.Apethealthcarecentre.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了和宠物猫咪交流的四种方式。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Ifyourcatispurringbutalsoshowingsignsthatsomethingmaybewrong,likehidingmorethanusualorrefusingfood/water,theycouldbesickorinpain.”（如果你的猫咪正在咕噜咕噜地叫，但同时也表现出可能出了问题的迹象，比如比平时藏得更多或者拒绝食物/水，它们可能生病了或者很痛苦。）可知，猫咪生病或很痛苦的时候，它们会咕噜咕噜叫或者拒绝食物。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Holdingthetailloworhiddenbetweenthelegsindicatesinsecurity,andatailthat’srapidlytwitchingbackandforthsuggestsanxiety.”（把尾巴放低或藏在两腿之间表示不安全感，尾巴快速来回抽动表示焦虑。）可知，当猫咪把尾巴藏在两腿之间，表示它们感觉到了不安全感。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章标题“FourWaysYourCatTriestoCommunicatewithYou”（你的猫试图和你交流的四种方式）及第一段“Catsareamazingcreatures,andwhiletheycan’ttalktous,theycertainlyknowhowtocommunicatetheirneedsandfeelings.It’sjustuptoustolearnhowtolistentowhattheyaresaying.”（猫是神奇的生物，虽然它们不能和我们说话，但它们当然知道如何交流它们的需求和感受。只有我们才能学会如何倾听它们所说的话。）可知，本文主要讲述了和宠物猫咪交流的四种方式，而了解猫咪的生活特点的只有宠物保健中心的工作人员熟悉，因而文章可能是宠物保健中心的人提供的。故选D。BAtSt.FrancisHighSchoolinLaCanadaCalif.,there’ssomethingtobesaidaboutmathteacherJimConnor.Truthis,Connorcanbeabitofadrudge.Butthe70-year-oldVietnamvetsayshe’snotheretoentertainhisstudents.“Itdrivesmecrazywhenpeoplesayschoolshouldbefun,”hesays.“Imean,it’sniceifitcouldbe,butyoucan’tmakeschoolfun.”Andforyears,thekidsthoughtthat’salltherewastohim—untillastNovember,whenseniorPatMcGoldricklearnedtheydidn’tknowthehalfofhim.PatwasinchargeofastudentblooddriveandhadjustcometoChildren’sHospitalLosAngelesforameeting.Andhesaysitwasweird:wheneverhetoldsomeonehewenttoSt.FrancisHighSchool,theyallsaid,“Oh,youmustknowJimConnor.Isn’thewonderful?”“Itwasdisbelief,really,”Patsays.“Itwasalmostkindoffindingthisalterego(另一面)thathehas.”Insidetheblooddonorcenter,Patfoundaplaquelistingallthetopblooddonorsatthehospital,includingtherecordholder,JimConnor.Thenhelearnedsomethingevenmoreunbelievable:thatwheneverConnorisn’ttorturingkidswithcalculus(微积分),he’sonawholeothertangent-cuddlingsickbabies.Threedaysaweekforthepast20years,Jimhasvolunteeredatthehospital,steppinginbecomeinvolvedinanactivitywhenparentscan’t,tohold,feedandcomforttheirchildren.“Theytendtocalmforhim,”NurseErinsays.“Theytendtorelaxwithhim.Theyfallasleepwithhim.”“Ijustlikethemandrelatetothemsomehow,”Connorsays.Connorhasneverbeenmarried;hehasnokidsofhisown.Buthehasfallenhardforthesebabies.“I’vealwaysrespectedhim,butnowit’stoanevendifferentdegree—reallytothepointwhereItrytoemulatehim,”Patsays.“He’stheepitomeofamanofservice.”4.Whatdowelearnfromparagraph2?A.Schoolcanneverbefun.B.Connorishighlydemanding.C.Connor’sstudentsdrivehimcrazy.D.Connorthinkseducationisforall.5.WhatdidPatfindoutaboutMrConnor?A.MrConnordonatedbloodaswellashistime.B.MrConnorwasawardedforhislovetowardbabies.C.MrConnorusedtoheaverystrictteacher.D.MrConnorhadauniqueteachingphilosophy.6.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutMr.Connor?A.Heworkstwoshiftseverydayforaliving.B.Hehashisalteregointheeyesofhisstudentsallthetime.C.Hehastheabilitytoconnectwiththosekidsheholds.D.Hefallshardforthosesickkidssohedecidednottohavehisown.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BondingwithbabiesinneedofloveB.AreallessonislifethroughlearningcalculusC.EverybodykeepssomethingunderhishatD.Toughteacherhasasoftheart【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了加州拉加拿的圣弗朗西斯高中数学老师吉姆·康纳的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Butthe70-year-oldVietnamvetsayshe’snotheretoentertainhisstudents.“Itdrivesmecrazywhenpeoplesayschoolshouldbefun,”hesays.“Imean,it’sniceifitcouldbe,butyoucan’tmakeschoolfun.”(但这位70岁的越战老兵说，他来这里不是为了娱乐学生。“当人们说学校应该是有趣的时候，我都快疯了，”他说。“我的意思是，如果可以的话当然很好，但你不能让学校变得有趣。”)”可知，康纳对学生要求很高。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Insidetheblooddonorcenter,Patfoundaplaquelistingallthetopblooddonorsatthehospital,includingtherecordholder,JimConnor.Thenhelearnedsomethingevenmoreunbelievable:thatwheneverConnorisn’ttorturingkidswithcalculus(微积分),he’sonawholeothertangent-cuddlingsickbabies.Threedaysaweekforthepast20years,Jimhasvolunteeredatthehospital,steppinginbecomeinvolvedinanactivitywhenparentscan’t,tohold,feedandcomforttheirchildren.(在献血中心里，帕特发现一块牌子，上面列出了医院里所有的顶级献血者，包括记录保持者吉姆·康纳。然后，他发现了更难以置信的事情：只要康纳不用微积分折磨孩子，他就会去拥抱生病的婴儿。在过去的20年里，吉姆每周有3天在医院做志愿者，在父母不能做的时候参与到一项活动中来，抱着，喂着，安慰着他们的孩子)”可知，康纳先生不仅捐了血，还捐了时间。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段““Theytendtocalmforhim,”NurseErinsays.“Theytendtorelaxwithhim.Theyfallasleepwithhim.”(“他们往往会因为他而平静下来，”艾琳护士说。“他们往往和他在一起很放松。他们和他一起入睡。”)”可推知，康纳先生有能力和那些被他抱着的孩子们交流。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Butthe70-year-oldVietnamvetsayshe’snotheretoentertainhisstudents.“Itdrivesmecrazywhenpeoplesayschoolshouldbefun,”hesays.“Imean,it’sniceifitcouldbe,butyoucan’tmakeschoolfun.”(但这位70岁的越战老兵说，他来这里不是为了娱乐学生。“当人们说学校应该是有趣的时候，我都快疯了，”他说。“我的意思是，如果可以的话当然很好，但你不能让学校变得有趣。”)”可知，康纳对学生要求很高，是一位严格的老师。根据第五、六段内容可知，康纳先生还很有爱心，而且有能力和那些被他抱着的孩子们交流，有一颗柔软的心。由此可知，Toughteacherhasasoftheart(严厉的老师有一颗柔软的心)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。CYesterday,afteradayofZoom(视频会议软件)meetingsinmylivingroom,Isteppedoutforawalkleavingmyteensonboredonthecouch.BleeckerStreet,usuallypackedwithpeople,wassprinkledwithonlytheoccasionalpedestrians.Barsandrestaurantsliningthestreetweredark.Storeswithbrightneonlights,doorsopen,beckonedfortherarepassers-bytoenter.AfterjustaweekoftheCovid-19pandemic,anafternoonwalkinGreenwichVillageneighborhoodfeltsurreal.ButthenInoticedarowofdaffodils(水仙)reachingforthesuninthesmalltriangle-shapedparkbyMinettaLane.Onthewindowsofalockedrestaurant,inbrightyellowpaint,werethewords“Weloveyou,WestVillage.Takecareofeachother.”Myphonebuzzed—acolleaguesentapictureofhernewbornbabyjusthomefromthehospital.Iarrivedhometofindmysonanimatedonthecouchplayingavideogamevirtuallywithhisfriends.Life,love,play,andhumanconnectionpersist,eventhoughourworldhasbeentunedupsidedown.InmywelcomenotetothenewstudentsintheFall,Iwrotethatthisyearisaboutourcollege’scorevaluesofinclusion,innovation,andimpactandemphasizedthepowerofinterconnection.Today,thesecorevaluespersist,withinterconnectiontakingonevengreatersignificance.Ourcollaborativespirithasalwaysgivenusanadvantage—academically,creatively,culturally,andnow,remotely.Awisepersononcetoldmethatgettingthroughacrisisislikebeinggivenanewhandofcardsinthemiddleofagame.Wearehalfwaythroughthesemester,withnewhandstoplay,butthegamehasn’tchanged.Wewillfindnewwaystocontinuetowork,teach,createandlearn.Let’salsocontinuetheinformalinteractionsthatmakeusacommunity—thestudygroups,coffeedates,drop-insjusttosayhello.Indoingso,wewillremainconnected.Wewillcometogether,fromspacesaroundtheworld,tomeetthisnewreality.Thisiswhoweare.Nothing—notspace,nortime—cankeepusfrommovingforward,together.8.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph1?A.TheCovid-19pandemicisunstoppable.B.Theeffectsofthepandemiccouldbeeasilyfelt.C.Nothingisthesameexceptthatthebusinessgoesslowasusual.D.Peoplehaveeveryreasontobeworriedaboutthefuture.9.Whatdoesthewriterincludeinparagraph2?A.Dailyroutinesthatseemedinsignificant.B.Remindersthattheworldhasbeenchanged.C.Eventsthatpeoplecandoduringthepandemic.D.Thingsorpeoplethatcarrysymbolicmeanings.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collaborative”meaninparagraph3?A.Cooperative. B.Pioneering. C.Independent. D.Adventurous.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toexpresswisdomgainedfrompreviousexperience.BTogivepeoplesometipsonhowtohandleacrisis.C.Todeliveranupliftingmessageoverthepandemic.D.Toencouragepeopletoenjoythegreatoutdoors.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述疫情发生后，人们的生活虽然发生了很多变化，但爱，连接沟通和人际关系都还在。作者写这篇文章的主要目的是为了在疫情期间传递令人振奋的信息【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Yesterday,afteradayofZoom(视频会议软件)meetingsinmylivingroom,Isteppedoutforawalk.leavingmyteensonboredonthecouch.BleeckerStreet,usuallypackedwithpeople,wassprinkledwithonlytheoccasionalpedestrians.Barsandrestaurantsliningthestreetweredark.Storeswithbrightneonlights,doorsopen,beckonedfortherarepassers-bytoenter.AfterjustaweekoftheCovid-19pandemic,anafternoonwalkinGreenwichVillageneighborhoodfeltsurreal.(昨天，在客厅里开了一天的Zoom会议后，我出去散步。让我十几岁的儿子无聊地躺在沙发上。布利克街通常挤满了人，但昨天只偶尔有行人。街道两旁的酒吧和餐馆都很黑。商店里灯火通明，门开着，招手让难得的路人进入。新冠疫情发生仅一周后，下午在格林威治村附近散步感觉很怪异。)”可知，新冠疫情发生后，街道上只有很少的行人，酒吧和餐馆停业，商店没有顾客。通过这些描写，突显疫情的影响随处可见。故从第一段可推知疫情的影响很容易被感受到。故选B。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“ButthenInoticedarowofdaffodils(水仙)reachingforthesuninthesmalltriangle-shapedparkbyMinettaLane.Onthewindowsofalockedrestaurant,inbrightyellowpaint,werethewords“Weloveyou,WestVillage.Takecareofeachother.”Myphonebuzzed—acolleaguesentapictureofhernewbornbabyjusthomefromthehospital.Iarrivedhometofindmysonanimatedonthecouchplayingavideogamevirtuallywithhisfriends.Life,love,play,andhumanconnectionpersist,eventhoughourworldhasbeentunedupsidedown.(但后来我注意到一排水仙在MinettaLane旁边的小三角形公园里面向太阳。在一家上锁的餐厅的窗户上，用明亮的黄色油漆写着“我们爱你，西村。互相照顾。“我的手机嗡嗡作响——一位同事发来了一张刚从医院回家的新生儿的照片。我回到家，发现我的儿子实际上坐在沙发上和他的朋友玩电子游戏。生活、爱、游戏和人际关系仍然存在，尽管我们的世界已经颠倒了。)”可知，虽然疫情的发生导致餐馆关业，路上行人罕至，但是我们生活中重要的事物——生活、爱情、游戏和人际关系仍然存在。商店老板在牌子上写的鼓励的话象征着关爱，同事在照顾新生儿象征着生活与家庭，儿子和朋友玩象征着人际关系和游戏，故推知第二段主要描写具有象征意义的人和事物。故选D。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“InmywelcomenotetothenewstudentsintheFall,Iwrotethatthisyearisaboutourcollege’scorevaluesofinclusion,innovation,andimpactandemphasizedthepowerofinterconnection.Today,thesecorevaluespersist,withinterconnectiontakingonevengreatersignificance.(在我给秋季新生的欢迎信中，我写道：今年是关于我们学院包含的核心价值观，创新和影响，并强调了互联的力量。今天，这些核心价值观仍然存在，互联互通具有更大的意义。)”及第四段“Wewillfindnewwaystocontinuetowork,teach,createandlearn.Let’salsocontinuetheinformalinteractionsthatmakeusacommunity—thestudygroups,coffeedates,drop-insjusttosayhello.Indoingso,wewillremainconnected.(我们将找到新的方法来继续工作，教学，创造和学习。让我们也继续非正式的互动，使我们成为一个团体——学习小组、咖啡约会、只是为了打个招呼的临时到访。通过这样做，我们将保持联系。)”可知，这两段强调疫情期间学院与学生互相连接，团结协作的关系。故推知collaborative与Cooperative意义一致，表示“合作的，协作的”，故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Yesterday,afteradayofZoom(视频会议软件)meetingsinmylivingroom,Isteppedoutforawalk.leavingmyteensonboredonthecouch.BleeckerStreet,usuallypackedwithpeople,wassprinkledwithonlytheoccasionalpedestrians.Barsandrestaurantsliningthestreetweredark.Storeswithbrightneonlights,doorsopen,beckonedfortherarepassers-bytoenter.AfterjustaweekoftheCovid-19pandemic,anafternoonwalkinGreenwichVillageneighborhoodfeltsurreal.(昨天，在客厅里开了一天的Zoom会议后，我出去散步。让我十几岁的儿子无聊地躺在沙发上。布利克街通常挤满了人，但昨天只偶尔有行人。街道两旁的酒吧和餐馆都很黑。商店里灯火通明，门开着，招手让难得的路人进入。新冠疫情发生仅一周后，下午在格林威治村附近散步感觉很怪异。)”及最后一段“Wewillcometogether,fromspacesaroundtheworld,tomeetthisnewreality.Thisiswhoweare.Nothing—notspace,nortime—cankeepusfrommovingforward,together.(我们将从世界各地的空间聚集在一起，迎接这一新的现实。这就是我们。没有什么——不是空间，也不是时间——可以阻止我们一起前进。)”可知，疫情让餐馆闭店，街道上人迹罕至，但疫情无法阻止我们前进的脚步。故推知作者写这篇文章的主要目的是为了在疫情期间传递令人振奋的信息，故选C。DFormostofourhistory,humanshavebeenshort,astudyhasfound.Untilaround150yearsago,fewpeoplegrewtallerthan170centimetres.ChristianeSchefflerattheUniversityofPotsdamandMichaelHermanusseninAltenhofhavespentseveralyearsstudyingtheheightofpeoplefromawiderangeofpopulations.Intheirlatestpaper,theycombinedanexistingdataofmorethan6000prehistorichumanskeletonswithmultiplestudiesofmorerecenthistoricalpopulationsfromEuropeandtheUS.Theyalsoincludedtheirowndataon1666present-dayschoolchildrenfromIndonesia.Intheprehistoricpopulations,themaximumheightformenwas165to170centimetres,whilewomentoppedoutat160cm.Today,meninEnglandhaveanaverageheightofaround175cm,whileforwomenitisabout162cm.Butthereissignificantvariationbetweenmoderncountries.TheIndonesianschoolchildreninthestudywereshorterthansimilarlyagedchildrenfromtheUS,despitebeingwell-nourished.SchefflerandHermanussenarguethatheightcanbeasignalofdominance(显赫地位),soinsocietieswhereitispossibletomoveupthroughthesocialclasses,evolutionfavoursindividualswhoreachagreaterheight.SubramanianatHarvardUniversityisn’tconvincedbythepair’sinterpretation.Histeampreviouslyshowedthatthebestpredictorofachild’sheightistheheightoftheirparents.Thissuggeststhattheinfluenceofotherfactorssuchassocialmobility,islimited.Afterassessingnearly163,000childrenlivingin55lowandmiddle-incomecountries,Subramanian’steamfoundthat42.9percenthadpoornutritionbut’no‘signofstunting(阻碍发育)orotherphysicalindicatorsofthisfact.Thisimpliesthereisalotofhiddenmalnutritionthatdoesn’trevealitselfthroughstunting.Aperson’snutritionalconditionshouldbeassessedbylookingattheirdietnottheirheight,saysSubramanian.12.HowdidSchefflerandHermanussenconducttheresearch?A.Studyingtheskeletonsofprehistorichuman.B.Combiningexistingdatawithrecentresearch.C.Assessingchildrenlivinginvariousincomeareas.D.Analyzingtheresultsofotherscientists’researches.13.What’sSubramanian’sattitudetowardstheexplanationofSchefflerandHermanussen?A.Worried. B.Cautious. C.Doubtful. D.Supportive.14.WhatcanweinferfromSubramanian’sstudy?A.Poornutritiondelaysphysicaldevelopment.B.Abalanceddietcontributestogrowingtaller.C.Highsocialclassescanreachagreaterheight.D.Ahuman’sheighthaslittletodowithnutrition.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thesignificancethatliesinnutrition.B.Thefactorsthatinfluencehuman’sheight.C.Theimportancethathumansattachtoheight.D.Thereasonswhyprehistorichumanswereshort.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.B【解析】【导语】这还是一篇说明文。文章主要研究影响人类身高的因素。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Intheirlatestpaper,theycombinedanexistingdataofmorethan6000prehistorichumanskeletonswithmultiplestudiesofmorerecenthistoricalpopulationsfromEuropeandtheUS.(在他们最新的论文中，他们将6000多个史前人类骨骼的现有数据与来自欧洲和美国的最新历史人口的多项研究相结合。)”可知，Scheffler和Hermanussen通过将现有数据与最新研究相结合的方法进行研究。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段“SubramanianatHarvardUniversityisn’tconvincedbythepair’sinterpretation.(哈佛大学的Subramanian并不相信这对两个人的解释。)”可知，Subramanian不相信Scheffler和Hermanussen的解释，持怀疑的态度。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第七段“Afterassessingnearly163,000childrenlivingin55lowandmiddle-incomecountries,Subramanian’steamfoundthat42.9percenthadpoornutritionbut’no‘signofstunting(阻碍发育)orotherphysicalindicatorsofthisfact.(在评估了生活在55个低收入和中等收入国家的近163000名儿童后，Subramanian的研究小组发现，42.9%的儿童营养不良，但没有阻碍发育或影响其他身体指标的迹象。)”可知，Subramanian的研究发现营养不良没有阻碍发育或影响其他身体指标的迹象。故推知人的身高和营养关系不大，故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Formostofourhistory,humanshavebeenshort,astudyhasfound.Untilaround150yearsago,fewpeoplegrewtallerthan170centimetres.(一项研究发现，在我们历史的大部分时间里，人类都是矮的。直到大约150年前，很少有人长到170厘米以上。)”及第六段“Histeampreviouslyshowedthatthebestpredictorofachild’sheightistheheightoftheirparents.Thissuggeststhattheinfluenceofotherfactors,suchassocialmobility,islimited.(他的团队此前表明，孩子身高的最佳预测指标是父母的身高。这表明社会流动性等其他因素的影响是有限的。)”可知，文章主要研究影响人类身高的因素，故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。MyheartwentouttothedramateacherIreadaboutinarecentnewsitem.EachparentfromherclassinsistedthatshecasttheirownchildasSnowWhite.Thisremindedmeofmyseventhgrademusical—“TheAdventuresofTomSawyer.”IdesperatelywantedtoplaytheroleofBecky,thefemaleleadwhowasTom’sgirlfriend.____16____Forstarters,Beckyhadtosingnumeroussolos,andIcouldn’tcarryatuneinabucket.Ialsodidn’thavelongblondecurlslikeprettyLindaWrightwhowonthepart.Iwasassignedthenon-singingroleofMissWatson,theMaid.Ihadtowearanuglydress.AndIhadonlyonelinetolearn,“That’swhatIsay.”____17____MissWatsonwasonstageinquiteafewscenes,andgottorepeat“That’swhatIsay”throughouttheplay.Atlast,ourproductionwasputonstage.ImaginemysurprisewhenMissWatsonmadetheaudiencelaughoutloudeachtimeIpipedinwith“That’swhatIsay.”Ihadn’tknownthatshe—orI—couldbefunny,orthathercharacterwasimportantinmovingtheplotalong.____18____Thatnight,Ibegantounderstandthatbeingthestarmaynotbeanymorefunthanbeingastand-outinasupportingrole.Eachperson,onstageandbackstage,isessentialintheater.Withouteveryonedoingtheirpart,theplaywouldbedullasdirt.____19____Ifeveryone’sastarthennothinggetsdone.It’sallnoiseandchaos.AndsoIbelieveallchildrenshouldgettheopportunitytoplayMissWatson,tobecomesomeonetheydidn’tknowtheywantedtobe.____20____A.Soitisinlife.B.Itwasnottobe.C.Itwasanythingbutagreatpart.D.MyMissWatsonturnedouttobeahit.E.Ittooktheentirecasttomakeagoodshow.F.Therewasanadvantage,inmyopinion,though.G.Iwouldhopeallchildrencouldbeahitinlife.【答案】16.B17.F18.D19.A20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇叙议结合的文章。作者通过小时候一次戏剧表演中成功扮演了一个小角色的经历告诉我们生活中每个孩子都有机会取得成功。【16题详解】根据空格前的句子“IdesperatelywantedtoplaytheroleofBecky,thefemaleleadwhowasTom’sgirlfriend.(我非常想扮演贝基这个角色，她是汤姆的女朋友)”可知，作者非常想扮演贝基这个角色，但是根据空格后的句子“Forstarters,Beckyhadtosingnumeroussolos,andIcouldn’tcarryatuneinabucket.Ialsodidn’thavelongblondecurlslikeprettyLindaWrightwhowonthepart.(首先，贝基要唱很多次独唱，而我却不会唱歌。我也没有像赢得这个角色的漂亮的琳达·赖特那样有长长的金色卷发)”可知，因为作者自身的条件，她演贝基这个角色是不可能的。由空格前后的内容可知，空格处的句子是一个承上启下的句子，所以B项“Itwasnottobe.(这是不可能的)”符合题意。故选B项。【17题详解】根据空格后的句子“MissWatsonwasonstageinquiteafewscenes,andgottorepeat“That’swhatIsay”throughouttheplay.(沃森小姐在舞台上有好几场戏，在整出戏中她都要重复说‘那就是我说的’)”和下文“MissWatsonwasonstageinquiteafewscenes,andgottorepeat“That’swhatIsay”throughouttheplay.(沃森小姐在舞台上有好几场戏，在整个剧中都要重复“我就是这么说的”)”可知，作者虽然扮演的是个小角色，但是，作者认为对她来说是好事，因为她只需要说一句台词“那就是我说的”。所以F项“Therewasanadvantage,inmyopinion,though.(不过，在我看来，这还是有好处的)”符合题意，空格后的句子是对空格处句子的解释。故选F项。【18题详解】根据空格前的句子“ImaginemysurprisewhenMissWatsonmadetheaudiencelaughoutloudeachtimeIpipedinwith‘That’swhatIsay.’Ihadn’tknownthatshe—orI—couldbefunny,orthathercharacterwasimportantinmovingtheplotalong.(想象一下，每当我插嘴说‘我就是这么说的’时，沃森小姐都能让观众哄堂大笑，我有多惊讶。我不知道她——或者我——可以很有趣，也不知道她的这个角色在推进剧情中很重要)”可知，作者扮演的沃森小姐很受欢迎、很成功。所以D项“MyMissWatsonturnedouttobeahit.(我的沃森小姐很受欢迎)”符合题意。故选D项。【19题详解】由空格前的句子“Eachperson,onstageandbackstage,isessentialintheater.Withouteveryonedoingtheirpart,theplaywouldbedullasdirt.(在戏剧中，台上和后台的每个人都是必不可少的。如果没有每个人都各司其职，这出戏就会枯燥乏味)”可知，作者认为在戏剧中，台上和后台的每个人都是必不可少的。而根据空格后的句子“Ifeveryone’sastarthennothinggetsdone.It’sallnoiseandchaos.(如果每个人都是明星，那么什么都做不了。到处都是噪音和混乱)”可知，作者把演戏和生活联系在一起，生活中也不可能人人都是明星。所以，空格处的句子应该是一个承上启下的句子，A项“Soitisinlife.(在生活中也是如此)”符合题意。故选A项。【20题详解】由第四段的句子“ImaginemysurprisewhenMissWatsonmadetheaudiencelaughoutloudeachtimeIpipedinwith‘That’swhatIsay.’Ihadn’tknownthatshe—orI—couldbefunny,orthathercharacterwasimportantinmovingtheplotalong.(想象一下，每当我插嘴说‘我就是这么说的’时，沃森小姐都能让观众哄堂大笑，我有多惊讶。我不知道她——或者我——可以很有趣，也不知道她的这个角色在推进剧情中很重要)”可知，作者扮演的沃森小姐很受欢迎、很成功。再由空格前的句子“AndsoIbelieveallchildrenshouldgettheopportunitytoplayMissWatson,tobecomesomeonetheydidn’tknowtheywantedtobe.(所以我认为所有的孩子都应该有机会扮演沃森小姐，成为一个他们不知道自己想成为的人)”可知，作者认为所有的孩子都应该有机会扮演沃森小姐，也就是说所有的孩子都有机会成功。所以G项“Iwouldhopeallchildrencouldbeahitinlife.(我希望所有的孩子都能在生活中成功)”符合题意。故选G项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15个小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ItwasmorethantwoyearssinceI’dbeenbikinghomefromworkandsomeonehadopenedacardoorintothebikeline,sendingmeflyinglikeSuperman.Itcausedmy____21____damage.Afterthat,Iworkedpart-timeatmyfull-timejob.Icould____22____only20hoursaweek.I’dhopedIwouldreturntowork____23____.ButIdidn’t.Afterfourhoursofwork,I’dgohomeandtakeathree-hournap.____24____,myemployer,unabletoletmeworkpart-timeforlong,____25____me.WhenItoldafriendImightnever____26____,heresponded,“Well...yourbaseintelligenceistwicethatofanormalperson,soitsoundstomethatyoujustcan’tbea(n)____27____anymore.”Iknewhemeantwell,butIwasstill____28____.HeassumedthatsufferingbraindamagemeantIwasless____29____thanbefore.AndIworried:Isthatwhateveryoneelsethinks,too?Aboutninemonthsago,Iwasatagatheringofmaybeadozen____30____,andonemanmentionedhe’djustlefthisjob____31____adisability.Hementionedhisdisabilityandkeptontalking,as____32____asImightsay,“Iatebreadforbreakfast.”NobodyshowedareactionexceptIfeltreally____33____thathehadtheconfidencetosayitatall.Icould____34____mydisabilityatease,Ithought.That’sa(n)____35____Icouldmake.21.A.leg B.brain C.back D.neck22.A.arrange B.spare C.process D.manage23.A.cured B.protected C.strengthened D.rescued24.A.Obviously B.Eventually C.Suddenly D.Amazingly25.A.frightened B.disliked C.dismissed D.scolded26.A.return B.resign C.recover D.relax27.A.cyc