2024-2025学年高中英语Unit5MeetingyourancestorsSection2作业含解析新人教版选修8

Unit5MeetingyourancestorsSectionⅡ请同学们仔细完成练案[14]Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Therewasasystematic(有系统的)approachtosolvingtheproblem.2．Themeetingisofsuchgreatsignificance(意义)thatIhavetoattendit.3．Wemuststophimseeinghersomehow(以某种方式)．4．It'sveryrudetospitatsomeone.5．Hewantedtodeletemynamefromthelist.6．Thephotosbelonginanalbum.7．Shesendsherlittledaughtertothekindergarteneveryday.8．Iwantaskateboard(滑板)．9．WhenIwasachild,Ididn'tlikeonion(洋葱),butIdon'tminditnow.10．Thehotelreceptionistwantstoknowwhenwewillbecheckingouttomorrowmorning.Ⅱ.句型转换1．Theybegancontributingarticlestoourmagazineseveralyearsago,andtheykeepdoingsountilnow.→Alltheseyearstheyhavebeencontributingarticlestoourmagazine.2．IstartedtodrinkcoffeewhenIgottotheofficethisafternoon.Iamstilldrinkingcoffeenow.→IhavebeendrinkingcoffeealltheafternoonsinceIgottotheoffice.3.Ithasbeensixhourssincethebabyfellasleep.→Thebabyhasbeensleepingforsixhours.4．Mybrotherjoinedthepianoclubthreemonthsago.→Ithasbeenthreemonthssincemybrotherjoinedthepianoclub.5．LiLeimovedtoHangzhoutenyearsagoandheisstilllivingtherenow.→LiLeihasbeenlivinginHangzhoufortenyears.6.ThescientistcametostudytheChineseancientculturelastyearandheisstillworkinginChina.→ThescientisthasbeenstudyingtheChineseancientculturesincelastyear.7．Tom'sfatherdiedthreeyearsago.→Tom'sfatherhasbeendeadforthreeyears.Ⅲ.完成句子1．这个项目的失败在很大程度上是由于他的马虎。Thefailureoftheprojectwaslargelyduetohiscarelessness.2．不知怎么地，我感觉事故的目击者在说谎。Somehow，Ifeltthewitnesstotheaccidentwastellingalie.3．贝拉受够了无趣的工作，确定再找一份新的。Bellawasfedupwiththeboringjobanddecidedtofindanewone.4．格雷丝代表公司在会议上介绍了新产品。Onbehalfofhercompany,Graceintroducedanewproductatthemeeting.5．互联网的运用在社会发展中具有重大意义。TheuseoftheInternetisofgreatsignificanceinthedevelopmentofsociety.Ⅳ.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Therearelotsofwaystoraiseawarenessforacause.Usually，the1.Ctheideais，themoreitgetsnoticed.Andthat'spreciselywhyone2.AFrenchmanhascaughtourattention.BaptisteDubanchetisbikingacrossEurope，surviving3.Condiscarded(丢弃的)food.Thethreemonth,1,900milejourneyfromParistoWarsawisDubanchet's4.BofraisingawarenessoffoodwasteinEuropeandthroughouttheworld.Asyoucanimagine，thetripisnopieceofcake.Whilerestaurants5.Dtonsoffoodeachyear，muchofitremainsinaccessiblebecauseof6.Agarbagecontainers，healthregulations，orbusinesspolicies.Onlyaboutoneintenplacesofferedhimfoodthatwouldotherwisebediscarded.Forlegal7.A，mostrestaurantshaveapolicyagainst8.Bfoodwaste.“Somepeoplehaveeven9.Dtheirjobsbygivingmefood，”Dubanchetsaid.What's10.CinterestingistheattitudevariouscitieshavetowardDubanchet'scause.BerlinhasbeentheeasiestwhilethemostdifficultwastheCzechtownofPilsen.There，hehadto11.Catsome50differentstoresorrestaurantsbeforefindingfood.Thechallengeisallthemoreseriouswhenyouconsiderthe12.CexerciserequiredtobikefromFrancetoPoland.“Ihavetogetfood13.DbecauseafterallthebikingIamtiredandIneedthe14.B，”Dubanchetexplained.“Ismystomachfullorempty?Thatisthemostimportantthing，notwhatIameating.”Heaimsto15.DhisjourneybymidJuly.Withanyluck，he'llturnafewmoreheadsintheprocess.文章大意：本文讲解并描述了法国人BaptisteDubanchet一路骑自行车穿越欧洲，途中以丢弃的食物为生，试图通过他的行为，来唤起人们对食物奢侈现象的关注。1．A．cleverer B．olderC．strange D．simpler解析：依据下文中的“themoreitgetsnoticed”可知，此处是“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..(越……，越……)”结构，语意表示“想法越不寻常，就越能引起人们的关注”。2．A．garbageeating B．sportslovingC．foodwasting D．lawbreaking解析：依据下文中的“ondiscarded(丢弃)food”和全文可知，BaptisteDubanchet一路靠丢弃的食物为生，由此可知他是个“吃垃圾的人”。3．A．secretly B．finallyC．entirely D．probably解析：他完全依靠丢弃的食物来维持生活，以此来唤起人们珍惜食物的意识。4．A．purpose B．wayC．opinion D．dream解析：这是一种唤起人们对食物奢侈现象进行关注的方式。5．A．store B．cookC．shopfor D．throwaway解析：依据上下文可知，餐馆每年要倒掉数吨食物。6．A．locked B．damagedC．connected D．abandoned解析：依据上文可知，这些被丢弃的食物被锁在了垃圾箱里。7．A．reasons B．rightsC．fees D．aids解析：出于法律上的缘由，大部分餐馆都有规定，不允许把要丢弃的食物送掉。8．A．beggingfor B．givingawayC．hiding D．causing解析：参考上题解析。giveaway赠送，分发，选B。9．A．did B．keptC．accepted D．risked解析：有些人冒着丢掉工作的风险给我食物。此处risk意为“冒……的风险”。依据语境可知，选D。10．A．hardly B．usuallyC．particularly D．merely解析：特殊有意思的是，不同城市对他这种行为的看法各不相同。particularly特殊，尤其。依据语境可知，选C。11．A．work B．shoutC．ask D．jump解析：在比尔森市，他不得不询问了约50家不同的商店或餐馆，才讨得食物。故选C。12．A．adequate B．rewardingC．demanding D．suitable解析：这是一项费劲的活动，须要一路从法国骑自行车到波兰。依据句意可知，选C。13．A．again B．aloneC．later D．fast解析：依据语意可知，一路骑自行车，到达目的地后又累又饿，确定须要尽快地获得食物，以补充身体所需的能量。故选fast。14．A．spirit B．energyC．time D．effort解析：参考上题解析。15．A．arrange B．restartC．report D．finish解析：他准备在7月中旬完成他的此次旅行，故选D。Ⅴ.阅读理解(2024·全国卷Ⅲ)Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith025dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.Here'showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone，wholedtheteam，describedtheexperiment：Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen，asymbolwouldappear，andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Forexample，thenumber7wouldflashononesideofthescreenandtheotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice；iftheywentforthecircle，theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.Afterrunninghundredsoftests，theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime，indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation，notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely，theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate(低估)asumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing，forexample，a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic：Whenaddingtwonumbers，themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo，andthenaddedonlyafraction(小部分)ofthesmallernumbertoit.“Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains，”Dr.Livingstonesays.“Butinthisexperimentwhatthey'redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone.”文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了哈佛医学院做的一项动物试验，试验发觉猴子能进行基本的加法运算，但加的结果有时会小于总和。1．Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem？CA．Theyfedthem. B．Theynamedthem.C．Theytrainedthem. D．Theymeasuredthem.解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeys...”和“Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.”可知探讨者们是先训练猴子然后才进行测试的，故选C项。其他三项均未提及。2．Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment？BA．Bydrawingacircle. B．Bytouchingascreen.C．Bywatchingvideos. D．Bymixingtwodrinks.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice...”可知猴子们是通过触碰屏幕得到嘉奖的，故选B项。其他三项均不是猴子所做的事。3．WhatdidLivingstone'steamfindaboutthemonkeys？AA．Theycouldperformbasicaddition.B．Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.C．Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily.D．Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第四段第一句可知，探讨人员在进行了数百次测试后发觉，猴子多半时候会选择更高的值，这表明它们是在进行计算，而不仅仅是记忆每个组合的值。4．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear？DA．Entertainment. B．Health.C．Education. D．Science.解析：推理推断题。全文围绕科学试验绽开——探讨者训练猴子并对其进行测试后发觉猴子能够进行简洁的加法运算，但有时计算的结果不够精确。由此可知，该文章可能出现在报纸的科学版上。Ⅵ.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。SupermarketsinVietnamandThailandareleadingthefight1.againstsingleuseplasticsby2.replacing(replace)plasticbagswithbananaleaves.Asweallknow,itisofgreatimportancetotheplanet3.thatwestopusingsomuchbloodyplastic.Firstly,itispoisoningtheseas.Whalesarewashedup4.todie(die)．Itisthehugeamountsofplasticinsidetheir5.stomachs(stomach)thatkillthem.Secondly,ifitispoisoningtheseas,it's6.probably(probable)poisoningus,too,forweeataloadofthingsthatcomeoutofthesea.Lately,anewandencouraging7.development(develop)startedwithaFacebookpostshowingbananaleavesbeingusedintheRimpingsupermarketinChiangMai.Thailand.Afterseeinghowmuchgoodpublicitythepost8.hasgot/gotten(get)inthepastfewmonths,supermarketsinVietnamhaveallfollowedsuit.AccordingtoaspokespersonforLotteMarketinHoChizminhCity,they'reonlydoingthisas9.atest,buttheyplanto