终极模拟预测卷01-冲刺2023年高考英语终极题型预测(新高考专用)

2023年高考英语必考题型终极预测（最新名校模拟题）终极模拟预测卷01第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHowtoprotectyourselfagainstCOVIDinsomeoccasionsTakingtheelevator/stairs*Wearamask.*Reducedirectcontactwiththeliftbuttons.*Avoidcrowdedelevators.*Maintaindistancefromothers.Noconversations.*Takethestairsifyourdestinationfloorisnothigh.Avoidcontactwiththehandrail.Commuting*Cobywalking,cyclingordrivingaprivatecar,ifpossible.*Wearamaskwhentakingpublictransportation.*Disinfectthehandlebarseatandotherpartsyoumaytouchbeforeusingasharedbike.Inoffice*Takeyourtemperatureasrequireduponarrival.*Airtheofficethreetimesaday,20-30minuteseachtime.*Coveryourfacewithtissueswhencoughingorsneezing.*Washyourhandsanddisinfectregularly.*Communicateonlinetoreduceface-to-faceinteractions.*Organizesmallerandshorterofflineconferences.Socialoccasion*Wavetogreetinsteadofdoinghandshakes.*Avoidcrowdedorpoorlyventilatedareas.*Keepa1-meterdistancefromotherswhilewaitinginline.*Covernoseandmouthwithyourelbowortissueswhencoughingorsneezing.*Avoidunnecessarydinnerpartiesthatgathermanypeople.*Avoidpeakhourswhendiningout.Orderfoodandpaythebillinacontactlesswayifpossible.Athome*Ventilatetheroomswell.*Keeptheroomstidyandclean.*Drinkmorewaterandincreasefruitsandvegetablesinyourdiet.*Exerciseproperly.*Maintainaregularbedtimeandgetenoughrestandsleep.*Keepahealthyandpositivemood.1．Whichcolumnisthispassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Lifestyle. B．Opinion. C．Health. D．Travel.2．WhatisadvisabletoprotectyoufromCOVID?A．Takeelevatorsasmuchaspossible.B．Arrangeofflinemeetingsfrequently.C．Exerciseproperlyandrestenough.D．Gotocrowdedareasatyourwill.3．Whoisthepassageintendedfor?A．Seniors. B．Students. C．Parents. D．Thepublic.BIn1665,JohannesVermeer,oneofthegreatestpaintersinNetherlands,completedhismasterpiece“GirlWithaPearlEarring.”OnanAprilday357yearslater,JanineStrongslowedherbiketostop,pausedherfitnessapp,andwatchedasthesnakinglineofhercyclingroutedrewtheshapeofVermeer’smasterpieceoverthestreetsofBrooklyn.Ms.Strongcreateswhathascometobeknownas“GPSart”—apracticethatusestheGlobalPositioningSystemmappingcapabilitiesofmodernphoneappstocreatedigitaldrawingswithanathlete’sroute.Ithasgrownwiththewidespreadavailabilityofsatellitetrackingforusebyordinarypeople.Infact,theideahasbeenaroundsincebeforethepopularityofsmartphonesforfitnesslikeStravareleasedin2009.In2003,TheNewYorkTimesMagazinetoldofhowJeremyWoodgottheideaforGPSart.Mr.WoodsaidwhilehewasusingaGPStrackeronaflightandtheplaneflewinaholdingpatternaboveHeath-rowAirport,hewasattractedbythepatternappearingonhisGarminGPSdevice.Inrecentyears,technologyhasadvancedenoughtocreatevisualmapsinrealtimeusingaphoneorsmartwatch.“Igetboredcyclingonthesamepathinthesamestreets,”Ms.Strongsaid.“CreatingGPSartgivesmemorereasonstohitthepavement,whichmakescyclingaloteasier.IalwayshaveabigsmileonmyfacewhenitworksoutandIuploaditandit’sdone,”sheadded.“It’saverysatisfyingfeeling.”Tocompleteherdigitalvisionof“GirlWithaPearlEarring,”shebikedalmost50milesaroundsouthernBrooklyn,carefullycheckingStravatomakesureeachturn,circle,andstraightlinewasachievingtheshapeofearringandheadcoveringofVermeer’soriginal.4．WhatcanweinferaboutJanineStronginparagraph1?A．Shetestsafitnessapp. B．Sheisaninnovativecyclist.C．Shelikespearlearrings. D．Sheisapainterofsomenote.5．WhatinformationcanwegetaboutGPSart?A．Itisrarelyusedbycommonpeople. B．Itaroseafterthepopularityoffitnessapps.C．Itisbasedonapps’GPSmappingfunctions. D．Itisapracticeofcreatingrealisticdrawings.6．Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．TheoriginofGPSart. B．TheprospectofGPSart.C．ThefunctionofaGPStracker. D．TheadvancementofaGPSdevice.7．WhowillbemostlikelytocreateGPSart?A．Paintinglovers. B．Mobilegameplayers.C．Softwaredevelopers. D．Runningenthusiasts.CAsmalldevicenobiggerthanatoasterhasgeneratedoxygenonthesurfaceofMars,bringingthechancesofsurvivingontheredplanetastepcloser.TheMarsOxygenIn-SituResourceUtilizationExperiment,betterknownasMoxie,hasbeengeneratingoxygenfromtheatmosphereonMars,aspartofNasa’sPerseverancerover(漫游者)mission.Moxieproducedbreathableoxygeninsevenhour-longtestsconductedinvariousweatherandatmosphereconditionssincelanding.Duringeachtest,thedeviceproducedsixgramsofoxygen,aboutthesameasasmalltreeandenoughtosustainanastronautfor15minutes.It’salsofoundthateveninextremetemperaturesandafteraMartianduststorm,Moxiecontinuedtoproducehigh-purityoxygen.“Thisisthefirstdemonstrationofactuallyusingresourcesonthesurfaceofanotherplanetandtransformingthemchemicallyintosomethingthatwouldbeusefulforahumanmission,”saidJeffHoffinan,aretiredastronautandprofessoratMIT.NasaandtheMITteamareplanningtobuildabiggerversionofMoxie,astheyhopeadvancedmodelswillproduceenoughoxygentosupportacrewedmissiontoMars.“WehavetobringalotofstufffromEarthtosupportahumanmission,butoxygenisabigproblem.Ifyoucanmakeitthere,goforitandyou’rewayaheadofthegame,”Hoffinansaid.Thedeviceusespumpsthatabsorbincarbondioxidewhichisheatedto800℃andprocessedtoseparatethecarbonandoxygen.Carbonmonoxide(一氧化碳)isemittedaswastewhilethepureoxygenisleftbehind.ExpandingthedevicetosupportahumanmissiontoMarspresentschallenges.Itisneededtoruncontinuouslyfor400days,aleapfromtheone-hourtestsanditsinnertemperatureshouldbecontrolledstably.MoxiehasprovedtoenduretheextremeconditionsonMars,however,andtheteamplanstoassessthemachine’slimitsinthecomingmonthswhenatmosphereisthickandcarbondioxidelevelsarehigh.Theysaytheyjustwanttoseteverythingashighastheydareandmakeasmuchoxygenastheycan.8．WhatcanwelearnaboutMoxie?A．Itworkswellinaseriesoftests.B．Itaimstopurifybreathableoxygen.C．Itisstoppedbyextremeconditions.D．Itproducesoxygenenoughforateam.9．ByquotingHoffinan’swordsinParagraph5,theauthorintendsto_____.A．presentaplantofurtherexploreMarsB．demonstrateNasa’sambitiontowinthegameC．showtheplentifulandusefulresourcesonMarsD．highlightthesignificanceofmakingoxygenonMars10．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheteamaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Cautiousandambitious. B．Confidentandintelligent.C．Practicalandindependent. D．Courageousandimaginative.11．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ANasaMarsroverlandedsuccessfully.B．ChallengesforahumanmissiontoMars.C．HumansurviveswithoxygenmadeonMars.D．AlittleoxygenonMars,agreatleapforward.DNASAhasmadehistorytoday,conductingtheveryfirstpoweredflightonanotherplanet.TheMarsHelicopterIngenuity(机智号)successfullytooktotheRedPlanetskiesforabriefjourney,whichwillhopefullybethefirstofseveral.Alongwithaccumulating30minutesand48secondsofflighttime,thehelicopterhastraveledoverthesurfaceadistanceof2.2miles,flyingashighas12metersandasfastas5meterspersecond.Flyingacraftforafewsecondsmightnotsoundliketoobiganaccomplishment,butit’squitearemarkableachievementofengineering.IngenuityisflyinginconditionsunlikeanypossibleonEarth-thegravityonMarsisonlyone-thirdasstrongasEarth’s,andtheatmosphereisextremelythin,atjustonepercentthedensitycomparedtotheEarth.Combinedwiththeextremecoldandalengthyradiodelay,themissionhasgotalotthatcangowrong.Anditalreadyhas.AftersurvivingitsfirstcoldnightonMars,IngenuitywassettotakeoffonApril11,butasoftwareerrorduringahigh-speedspintestofitsrotors(螺旋桨)onApril9threwaspannerintheworks.Aftertroubleshootingtheissue,NASAdevelopedafixandbeamedasoftwareupdatetotheRedPlanet.Ifallgoestoplan,NASAwillconductafewmoreflightsoverthenextfewweeks,sendingIngenuityhigherandfarthereachtime.“Now,117yearsaftertheWrightbrotherssucceededinmakingthefirstflightonourplanet,NASA’sIngenuityhelicopterhasleftthisamazingfootprintofsuccessonanotherworld,”saysThomasZurbuchen,NASAAssociateAdministratorforScience.“WhilethesetwosymbolicmomentsinNASAhistorymaybeseparatedbytimeand173millionmilesofspace,theynowwillforeverbelinked.ToshowrespectforthetwobicyclemakersfromDayton,thisfirstofmanyairfieldsonotherworldswillnowbeknownasWrightBrothersField,inrecognitionoftheingenuityandcreativitythatcontinuetoencourageexploration.”12．WhatmakestheflightofIngenuityonMarschallenging?A．ThebadairqualityonMars.B．ThedoubledgravityonMars.C．Bothseverecoldandnotpunctualradio.D．ThechangingweatherconditionsofMars.13．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“threwaspannerintheworks“underlinedinparagraph4?A．Causedproblems. B．Foundfaults.C．Repaireddamage. D．Solvedcrisis.14．WhyaretheWrightbrothersmentionedbyThomasZurbuchen?A．Toencouragemoreairplanedesigns.B．Topromotethespiritofingenuityandcreativity.C．TorecognizethegreatcontributionsoftheWrightbrothers.D．TohighlightthemeaningfulnessoftheIngenuity’sjourneytoMars.15．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．ASuccessfulExplorationonMarsB．APromisingFutureofIngenuityHelicopterC．NASA’sIngenuityHelicopterFacesGreatChallengesD．NASA’sIngenuityHelicopterMakesHistoricFirstFlight第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。75yearsafterhumanssuccessfullyputtheirfirstobjectintospace,it’smucheasiertolaunchasatellite,butalotmessieroncewe’reupthere.”____16____Therearearound5000satellitesinorbitwithfewerthanhalfactuallyworking.Whenasatellitestopsfunctioning,itkeepsorbitingatveryhighspeeds,makingagreatthreatfortheusefulones.Sospacesustainabilityhasbecomeabigconcern.____17____Onesuggestedsolutionistorefuelthedeadsatellitesandbringthembacktolife.Anotherconceptistousearobotwithfourarmstocatchadeadsatellitebeforepullingitintotheatmospheretoburnitup.____18____Operatingarobotfromhundredsofmilesawayistough.Andtheworldhasn’tyetreachedaconsensus(共识)onwhyweshouldclearthespacejunkandtherearenorealrulesthatgovernhowweworkoutthere.Firstwhyshouldwekeepthingscleaninorbit?Weusesatellitestochecktheweather,findourwayaround,andforfinancialpurposes.Spacedatagivesusnotjustbeautifulpicturesoftheearth,butalsoinformationaboutclimatechange,naturaldisastersandotherthingsthatcanhelphumanswithearthboundchallenges.____19____Thenhowcanwehumansthinkasonebigcommunity?Governmentsshouldmakepowerfulregulations.Companiesoughttoengageinsharedpracticesandscientistsareexpectedtothinkuppracticalmethods.____20____Onlyinthiswaycanwekeepthoseorbitalhighwaysopenforthenextgenerationandbeyondbeforetheyaredeadlyblockedbyspacejunk.A．Theyprovideservicescloselyrelatedtoourlife.B．Thisishardbothtechnicallyandpolitically,though.C．Anyway,weshouldquickenthepaceofclearingup.D．Spaceisgettingincreasinglycrowdedanddangerous.E．Sowedependlargelyonspaceanditneedstobetidiedup.F．Scientistsarestrugglingforstrategiestotackletheproblem.G．Allofthesehavebeenintegratedintothesolutionswereallyneed.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TikTok,asocialmediaappdedicatedtoshort-formvideos,hasemergedasamajorfireroffoodtrends—frommushroomcoffeeandpancakecerealtocloudbreadandfetapasta.Butanothertrend,the#whatieatinadaytrend,isdominatingTikTok,whichisnearing9billion____21____.Eventhough#whatieatinadaypostsmaybe____22____toserveashealthyinspirationforothers,there’sagrowingfeelingthatthesevideodiariesofdailyeatswilllikelydomoreharmthangood—especiallyamongyounggirlsorpeoplewithahistoryofdisorderedeating.The____23____messagethesepostssendisthatifyoueatlikethem,thenyoucaneventuallylooklikethem.Yetwhatsomeoneelseeatsinadaydoesn’tmeanit’srightforyou,sincethese“____24____”videosarenotacompletelyaccuraterepresentationofwhatsomeonetypicallyeats.Oftentheoverlystylized(程式化)mealsdonot____25____anutritionallyadequatediet.Thepostsare____26____theillusion(幻想)ofanidealdayofeating,alongwithanidealbodysize.Youngeraudiences,especiallygirlsandyoungwomen,internalizethemessagethattheymusteatlikethesecreatorstoachieveandmaintainnotonlyhealth,butalsosocial____27____.Thebiggestharmwiththistrendisthatitnormalizesdisorderedor____28____eatingbehaviors.Thiscouldpreventsomeonestrugglingwithaneatingdisorderfrom____29____supportortreatment.Evenifthe#whatieatinadaypostsaredisplayinga______30______dayofeating,thesubtextmessageof“eatlikeme,andyouwilllooklikeme”isharmfulbecausepeoplewillnotnecessarilyachievethesamebodysizeasthe______31______eveniftheycopiedtheirdayofeatingbiteforbite.______32______,whatmightbeahealthy,adequatedayofsatisfyingmealsforonepersonmaybeinadequateandunsatisfyingtoanother.Evenworse,someonelookingatthesepostsmayconcludethattheyneedtobeeatinghalfasmuchto______33______.Peoplemakingthesevideosareoverwhelminglythin,young,able-bodiedandwhite.Thereisacompletelackofbody______34______.Andthisencouragesharmfulcomparisonstounrealisticbodystandardsthatare______35______tothevastmajorityofpeople.Therefore,thoseofusfrommarginalizedcommunitiesareonceagainunabletoseepositiverepresentationsofourvaryingbodies,foodsandculturalrepresentationintheseharmfulposts.”21．A．views B．statements C．analyses D．identities22．A．emphasized B．simplified C．requested D．intended23．A．moral B．scientific C．potential D．instant24．A．modern B．staged C．educational D．labelled25．A．prioritize B．commercialize C．recognize D．exchange26．A．promoting B．representing C．spoiling D．perfecting27．A．welfare B．equality C．desirability D．justice28．A．individual B．instinctive C．restrictive D．changeable29．A．attracting B．seeking C．losing D．offering30．A．fixed B．balanced C．relaxing D．demanding31．A．reader B．advertiser C．browser D．poster32．A．Therefore B．Finally C．Additionally D．Meanwhile33．A．loseweight B．shareinterests C．assumeburden D．makecontributions34．A．language B．diversity C．warmth D．response35．A．available B．predictable C．inadequate D．unachievable第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。HuangYifan,astudentfromShandongProvince,___36___(like)observingantsandhasdiscoveredmanyfunnysecretsbehindtheirbehaviors,helpinghimwinthegoldmedalintheS.-T.YauHighSchoolScienceAward,whichisaimedtoinspirescientificinnovationsforChinesehighschoolstudentsallovertheworld.SincelastAugust,Huang___37___(commit)tothecompetition.He’vefoundthat___38___antsliveundergroundforalongtime,theycouldstillfindoutifotherantsbelongtothesamenest.___39___(test)this,Huangmadeanestwithabout100ants,usingmaterialssuch___40___testtubesandplasticbottles.Heappliedbluepainttothestomachofoneoftheantsandputitbackintothenestandobservedhowtherestoftheantsresponded.“Afterthe___41___(paint)antentersthenest,___42___restwillattackitandstopitfromenteringthenest.Butwhentheantsdiscoverthatthedyedantcomesfromthesamenestbyusingtheireyesandsenseofsmell,theywillstopattacking,”Huangsaid.Withanimaltrackingsoftware,camerasandotherinstruments,Huangdesignedsixexperimentsto___43___(far)exploretheindividualants’abilitytorecognizetheirnestmates.“Socialinsectslikeantsandbeeshaveastrong___44___(able)todistinguishtheirownnest-mates,____45____helpstoenhancethecohesion(凝聚力)withinthenest,”Huangadded.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46．为庆祝创刊50周年，你校英文报以“ThePowerofReading”为题举办征文活动。请你以此为题写一篇征文稿。内容包括：1.阅读的意义；2.介绍一本你喜欢的书；3.你喜欢的理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ThePowerofReading__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Iranafterthetrain,shouting,“Heymister,can’tyouseeme?”Itwashopeless,asnoconductorisgoingtoslowdownfora60-year-oldmanwhogottothestationseveralminuteslate.Theyabsolutelydidn’tknowhowimportantthatday,thattrainridewastome!Iwasonmywaytoaninterviewforwhatcouldhavebeentheopportunityofalifetime.Ithrewbothmyhatandmyartcasedownindepression,andsatdownonthenearestchair,wiping(擦掉)thesweatfrommyfaceandbreathingheavily.Iwouldhavetowaitawholedayforthenexttrain,andbythenmyappointmentwiththegalleryownerwouldhavegivenuponme.Perhapsitwasforthebest.Itwas,afterall,thefirsttimein40yearsanyonehadshownsuchaninterestinmyart.Maybeifthegalleryownerhadseenallmypaintings,hewouldhavechangedhismindaboutofferingmespaceonhiswalls.Disappointmentfilledmysoul.ShouldIdialthegalleryandgetaninterviewonadifferentday?ButPierreGianniwastheownerofthemostwell-knowngalleryinNewYorkCity.Whywouldhegiveararesecondchancetoanelderlynobodywhenhehadthenewest,coolestyoungartiststochoosefrom?Cometothinkofit,perhapstheseinsecuritiesweretheveryreasonIhadneverbeenofferedashowbefore.Iwastooafraidtotry.Ifoundcountlessexcusesnottooffermyworkuptobeseenandperhapscriticized.ItoldmyselfitwouldhurttoomuchifIfailed,butthetruthwasthatIhadnevertried.Finally,Igatheredallmycouragetodialthegallery,onlytofindmyantiquecellphonehadbrokendown.ItwasattheverymomentthatIwasintotaldespairanddecidedtogohome.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。SuddenlyIfeltatouchonmyshoulder.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ThenextmorningIgottothegalleryontime.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：1．C

2．C

3．D【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章旨在告诫大众注在各种情况下多加注意，防止感染新冠。1．推理判断题。根据本文标题“HowtoprotectyourselfagainstCOVIDinsomeoccasions(在某些情况下如何保护自己避免感染新冠)”可知，本文应该来自健康板块。故选C项。2．推理判断题。根据Athome部分倒数第三点“*Exerciseproperly.(适当锻炼)”和倒数第二点“*Maintainaregularbedtimeandgetenoughrestandsleep.(保持规律的就寝时间，充分休息和睡眠)”可知，为了防止感染新冠，应该适当锻炼并保持充分睡眠。故选C项。3．推理判断题。根据本文标题“HowtoprotectyourselfagainstCOVIDinsomeoccasions(在某些情况下如何保护自己避免感染新冠)”可知，本文是写给新冠疫情下的普通大众，告知他们在不同情况下该如何避免被感染。故选D项。4．B

5．C

6．A

7．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了JanineStrong创作的GPS艺术，她用自己的运动轨迹绘制出了一幅名画的形状。4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“OnanAprilday357yearslater,JanineStrongslowedherbiketostop,pausedherfitnessapp,andwatchedasthesnakinglineofhercyclingroutedrewtheshapeofVermeer’smasterpieceoverthestreetsofBrooklyn.(357年后的一个4月，JanineStrong放慢自行车的速度停下来，暂停了健身应用程序，看着她骑自行车时蜿蜒的路线在布鲁克林的街道上勾勒出Vermeer这幅杰作的形状)”可知，JanineStrong用自己的运动轨迹绘制出了一幅名画的形状，由此可推测她是一个有创新精神的自行车手。故选B。5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ms.Strongcreateswhathascometobeknownas‘GPSart’—apracticethatusestheGlobalPositioningSystemmappingcapabilitiesofmodernphoneappstocreatedigitaldrawingswithanathlete’sroute.(Strong女士创作了所谓的‘GPS艺术’——利用现代手机应用程序的全球定位系统绘图功能，以数字方式绘制运动员的路线)”可知，“GPS艺术”是基于应用程序上GPS的绘图功能。故选C。6．段落大意题。根据第三段内容，结合本段中“In2003,TheNewYorkTimesMagazinetoldofhowJeremyWoodgottheideaforGPSart.(2003年，《纽约时报》杂志讲述了JeremyWood是如何获得GPS艺术的灵感的)”可知，本段是讲述GPS艺术的起源。故选A。7．推理判断题。结合第二段中“apracticethatusestheGlobalPositioningSystemmappingcapabilitiesofmodernphoneappstocreatedigitaldrawingswithanathlete’sroute(利用现代手机应用程序的全球定位系统的绘图功能，以数字方式绘制运动员的路线)”可知，GPS艺术是跑步者利用应用程序记录跑步路线的功能来精心设计自己的运动轨迹，从而绘制出想要的图案，故跑步爱好者最有可能创造GPS艺术。故选D。8．A

9．D

10．A

11．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了是这个Moxie设备，它能让人类在登录火星后产生大量的氧气，这使人类在火星上生存的机会更近了一步。8．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Moxieproducedbreathableoxygeninsevenhour-longtestsconductedinvariousweatherandatmosphereconditionssincelanding.Duringeachtest,thedeviceproducedsixgramsofoxygen,aboutthesameasasmalltreeandenoughtosustainanastronautfor15minutes.

(Moxie在着陆后在各种天气和大气条件下进行了7个小时的测试，产生了可呼吸的氧气。在每次测试中，该设备产生了6克氧气，大约相当于一棵小树，足以维持一名宇航员15分钟的生命。)”可知，Moxie在各项实验中起着良好的作用。故选A。9．推理判断题。根据第五段中“WehavetobringalotofstufffromEarthtosupportahumanmission,butoxygenisabigproblem.(我们必须从地球上带很多东西来支持人类的任务，但氧气是个大问题。)”以及“

Ifyoucanmakeitthere,goforitandyou’rewayaheadofthegame.(如果你能做到，那就努力去做，你已经走在了探索的前面。)”可知，本段主要强调的是在火星上氧气的重要性，即本段强调通过建造更大的Moxie在火星上制造更多的氧气故本段强调了在火星上制造氧气的重要性。故选D。10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“

Itisneededtoruncontinuouslyfor400days,aleapfromtheone-hourtestsanditsinnertemperatureshouldbecontrolledstably.

(它需要连续运行400天，远远超过1小时的测试，其内部温度需要稳定控制。)”可知，研究团队需要花费大量时间进行测试，保证内部温度稳定，体现出研究团队的严谨性，同时根据本段中“MoxiehasprovedtoenduretheextremeconditionsonMars,however,andtheteamplanstoassessthemachine’slimitsinthecomingmonthswhenatmosphereisthickandcarbondioxidelevelsarehigh.

(Moxie已经被证明能忍受火星上的极端条件，研究小组计划在未来几个月评估机器的极限，那时大气很厚，二氧化碳含量很高。)”可知，Moxie已经被证明能忍受火星上的极端条件但是研究小组继续坚持突破极限，这是有抱负的体现。故选A。11．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Moxieproducedbreathableoxygeninsevenhour-longtestsconductedinvariousweatherandatmosphereconditionssincelanding.

(Moxie在着陆后在各种天气和大气条件下进行了7个小时的测试，产生了可呼吸的氧气。)”以及第一段中“AsmalldevicenobiggerthanatoasterhasgeneratedoxygenonthesurfaceofMars,bringingthechancesofsurvivingontheredplanetastepcloser.(一个比烤面包机大不了多少的小装置在火星表面产生了氧气，这使在这颗红色星球上生存的机会更近了一步。)”可知，本文主要介绍了是这个Moxie设备，它能让人类在登录火星后产生大量的氧气，这使人类在火星上生存的机会更近了一步。D选项“AlittleoxygenonMars,agreatleapforward.(火星上有一点氧气，这是一个巨大的飞跃。)”可以概括全文。故选D。12．C

13．A

14．D

15．D【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了美国国家航空航天局(NASA)研发的直升机“机智号(Ingenuity)”在火星起飞，成为了历史上第一架在另一个星球上进行动力控制飞行的飞机。12．细节理解题。根据第三段中“IngenuityisflyinginconditionsunlikeanypossibleonEarth-thegravityonMarsisonlyone-thirdasstrongasEarth’s,andtheatmosphereisextremelythin,atjustonepercentthedensitycomparedtotheEarth.Combinedwiththeextremecoldandalengthyradiodelay,themissionhasgotalotthatcangowrong.(机智号在地球上不可能存在的条件下飞行——火星上的重力只有地球的三分之一，大气层极其稀薄，密度只有地球的百分之一。再加上极端寒冷和长时间的无线电延迟，这次任务有很多可能出错的地方。)”可知，严寒和无线电不准时使机智号在火星上飞行具有挑战性。故选C项。13．词句猜测题。划线词句后文“Aftertroubleshootingtheissue,NASAdevelopedafixandbeamedasoftwareupdatetotheRedPlanet.(在解决了这个问题后，NASA开发了一个修复程序，并向这颗红色星球发送了软件更新。)”说明机智号在火星上飞行时出现了问题，从而推知划线词句“AftersurvivingitsfirstcoldnightonMars,IngenuitywassettotakeoffonApril11,butasoftwareerrorduringahigh-speedspintestofitsrotors(螺旋桨)onApril9threwaspannerintheworks.(在火星上度过了第一个寒冷的夜晚后，机智号原定于4月11日起飞，但在4月9日对其转子进行高速旋转测试时出现了一个软件错误，threwaspannerintheworks。)”其中划线部分意思应为“造成了问题”。故选A项。14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Now,117yearsaftertheWrightbrotherssucceededinmakingthefirstflightonourplanet,NASA’sIngenuityhelicopterhasleftthisamazingfootprintofsuccessonanotherworld.(现在，在莱特兄弟成功地在我们的星球上进行首次飞行117年之后，美国宇航局的独创性直升机在另一个世界上留下了惊人的成功足迹。)”以及“ToshowrespectforthetwobicyclemakersfromDayton,thisfirstofmanyairfieldsonotherworldswillnowbeknownasWrightBrothersField,inrecognitionoftheingenuityandcreativitythatcontinuetoencourageexploration.(为了表达对这两位来自代顿的自行车制造商的尊重，这个其他星球上的第一个机场将被称为莱特兄弟机场，以表彰他们继续鼓励探索的独创性和创造力。)”可知，提到莱特兄弟是为了强调机智号火星之旅的意义。故选D项。15．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“NASAhasmadehistorytoday,conductingtheveryfirstpoweredflightonanotherplanet.TheMarsHelicopterIngenuity(机智号)successfullytooktotheRedPlanetskiesforabriefjourney,whichwillhopefullybethefirstofseveral.(美国宇航局今天创造了历史，在另一个星球上进行了第一次动力飞行。机智号火星直升机成功地飞上了红色星球的天空，进行了短暂的旅行，希望这将是几次中的第一次。)”可知，本文主要讲述了机智号火星首飞成功，具有重要的历史意义。选项D符合文章主题，故选D项。16．D

17．F

18．B

19．E

20．G【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述太空垃圾现状以及呼吁全球一致共同清除。16．由后文“Therearearound5000satellitesinorbitwithfewerthanhalfactuallyworking.Whenasatellitestopsfunctioning,itkeepsorbitingatveryhighspeeds,makingagreatthreatfortheusefulones.(大约有5000颗卫星在轨道上运行，实际运行的卫星不到一半。当一颗卫星停止运行时，它会以非常高的速度运行，对有用的卫星构成巨大威胁。)”可知，这里主要讲没用的卫星成了垃圾威胁其它有用卫星。而D项Spaceisgettingincreasinglycrowdedanddangerous.(太空越来越拥挤和危险。)符合语境，其中dangerous与下文agreatthreat对应。故选D项。17．由后文“Onesuggestedsolutionistorefuelthedeadsatellitesandbringthembacktolife.Anotherconceptistousearobotwithfourarmstocatchadeadsatellitebeforepullingitintotheatmospheretoburnitup.(一个建议的解决方案是给死去的卫星加油，让它们复活。另一个概念是用一个有四个手臂的机器人抓住一颗死卫星，然后把它拖到大气中烧掉。)”可知，后文在讲解决太空中垃圾的方案。而F项Scientistsarestrugglingforstrategiestotackletheproblem.(科学家们正在努力寻找解决这个问题的策略。)符合语境，其中strategies和后文Onesuggestedsolution对应。故选F项。18．由后文“Operatingarobotfromhundredsofmilesawayistough.Andtheworldhasn’tyetreachedaconsensusonwhyweshouldclearthespacejunkandtherearenoreal