Unit 4 Abilities 知识清单（预习+复习+知识点巩固练习）2021-2022学年牛津译林版八年级英语上册

8AUnit4Doityourself知识清单一、ComicstripandWelcometotheunit.1.Doityourself.你亲手做.2.Hereareclearinstructions.这儿是清晰的说明。3.You’dbettergetsometools. 最好拿些工具。 【you’dbetter=youhadbetter】★【重点】hadbetter为情态动词，意为：最好；句型有：①hadbetterdosth.最好做某事②hadbetternotdosth.最好不要做某事4.Noproblem.没问题。5.Itsays“Doityourself.”上面说(写着）：你自己做。6.bepopularamong/withyoungpeople在年轻人中受欢迎 7.---What’sDIYexactly?---准确地说DIY是什么?---Itstandsfor“doityourself”.----它代表着“doityourself”。8.WhenyoudoDIY,youmake,repairordecoratethingsyourselfinsteadofpayingsomeonetodoit.当你自己做的时候，你制作，修理或者你自己装饰东西，而不付钱请人做。 ★【重点】①insteadof代替，而不是Eg:Iwillgoswimminginsteadofgoingfishingtomorrow.=Iwillnotgofishingtomorrow,Iwillgoswimminginstead.=Iwillnotgofishingtomorrow.Instead,Iwillgoswimming.②paysb.(money)todosth.付钱给某人请他做某事Eg:Iwillpayhim300yuantohelpmecleanmyhouse.9.makesomepaperroses做一些纸玫瑰10.soundlovely听起来很可爱（系表结构）11.apairofscissors一把剪刀12.enjoymakingsomethingnew喜爱做新东西二、Reading1.MycousinAndrewiscrazyaboutDIY.★【重点】becrazyabout(doing)sth.痴迷于（做）某事=like/enjoy(doing)sth.verymuch2.lookterrible看起来可怕（系表结构）【terrible(adj.)→terribly(adv.)】3.trytoputinabrighterlight尝试着安装一盏更加明亮的灯4.★makeamistake犯个错误【主语为人，常用于指人制造的错误】【mistake除做名词外还可做动词:误认为→mistook(过去式)】【拓展】①mistakeAforB将A误认为是BEg:IoftenmistakeLucyforLily.Theylookthesame.②takesth.bymistake误拿了某物Eg.ItookTom’sEnglishbookbymistakeyesterday.昨天我误拿了Tom的英语书.5.haveapowercut停电6.putupapictureonhisbedroomwall把一幅画悬挂在卧室的墙上【区分】putup悬挂;张贴;搭建;举起putin安装put...away把.....放好putout扑灭puton穿上putoff推迟;延期 7.★filltheroomwithwater把卧室装满水【fill(vt.)→full(adj.)】【重点】①fill....with.....用......把.......装满【主动语态】②...befilledwith...【被动语态】=befullofEg:Thebottleis/wasfilledwithwater.=Thebottleis/wasfullofwater.8.paintthehouseblue把房子涂成蓝色9.keeponpainting继续粉刷【keep(on)doingsth.保持一直做某事】10.Nowthelivingroomhasnotonlybluewallsbutalsoablueceilingandfloor.【重点】①notonly...butalso....不但....而且.....【常与both...and....同义转化】Eg:MrYangisnotonlymyteacherbutalsomyfriend.=MrYangisbothmyteacherandmyfriend.②★特别注意：当连接两个并列主语时,notonly...butalso...符合谓语就近的原则。Eg:Notonlyyoubutalsoheiscrazyaboutdecoratinghouses.=Bothyouandhearecrazyaboutdecoratinghouses.11.spendfivehoursputtinguptheshelfonthewall花5个小时将架子挂到墙上12.Oneendoftheshelfwasmuchhigherthantheother.架了的一头比另一头高得多。13.IadvisedhimtotakeacourseinDIY.我建议他去上一门有关DIY的课程。★【重点】①advisesb.(not)todosth.建议某人（不要）做某事Eg:adviseusnottoswimintheriver建议我们不要在河里游泳②advice不可数名词【另外tip,suggestion表建议时为可数名词】apieceofadvice一条建议givesb.someadviceonhowtolearnEnglish给某人一些关于如何学英语的建议14.makehimangry使他生气【make+宾语+形容词作宾补】15.attendlessons=havelessons上课【attend(vt./vi.):经常去/出席(不一定是活动的主体)】Eg:attendthemeeting参加会议;attendthewedding出席婚礼16.IknowmuchmoreaboutDIYthanmycousin.我比我的表哥对DIY了解的多得多。 17.Suzy’scousinfailtoputinanewlightinhisbedroom.【回顾】failtodosth.fail(in)sth.failindoingsth.18.getbetteratDIY在DIY方面变得更好 三、Grammar【语法】A.祈使句。（一）祈使句表示命令、警告、提醒、建议、请求、叮嘱、号召等，谓语动词用原形，其否定形式就是在句首加Don't。（二）祈使句一般有四种类型：(1)行为动词类型：Openthedoor，please!请把门打开！Don'topenthedoor，please!请不要开门！(2)以let开头的祈使句：Letmegothere.让我去那儿吧。(3)“Be+形容词”类型：Becareful!小心！(4)“No+名词／动名词”类型：Nosmoking!禁止吸烟!（三）祈使句的反义疑问句的简略疑问句，一般用willyou?Eg:Don’tsmokehere,willyou?Letusgoswimming,willyou?让我们去游泳，你同意吗？（我们去游泳，你不参加）★但是Let’s….句型后加shallwe?Eg:Let’sgoswimmingtogether,shallwe?(都去）【语法】B.用should，hadbetter等提建议。(一)Wouldyoulike／love(todo)sth.?这是一个很委婉的表示建议的句型，并带有与对方商量的意味，意为“你想要（做）……吗？”。(二)ShallI／wedosth．？(三)Let'sdosth.当你觉得可以直截了当地向对方提出建议，让对方和自己一起去做某事时，常用该句型，意为“咱们做……吧。”该句型后常加附加问句“shallwe?”，使语气更加委婉。(四)Whydon'tyou/wedosth.？=Whynotdosth.?表示向对方提出一种建议或询问某种原因，暗含有责备对方的意思，意为“为什么不……？”。(五)What/Howabout(doing)sth.?如果是在讨论式的谈话中，可用该句型提出一个建议或引出一个新话题。(六)★Youshould(not)do...,此句型意为“你（不）应该做……”。should的语气比hadbetter要委婉。(七)★主语+hadbetter(not)dosth.．该句型用于表示对下级、晚辈的劝告，往往带有命令、强制的语气，意为“某人最好（不要）做某事”。【语法】C.重点短语和句型。1.Cutoutpiecesofcardwithapairofscissors.用剪刀剪出纸片。2.ontheothersideofthecard在卡片的另一面3.giveup放弃【重点】①giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事Eg:giveupsmoking=stopsmoking戒烟②giveup动副词组（代词放中间）eg:giveit/themup4.keeptrying不停地尝试【keep(on)doingsth.保持一直做某事】四、Integratedskills1.howtomakeafruitsalad如何做一个水果色拉2.mixthemtogether把它们混合起来【mixed形容词：混合的；mixture名词：混合物】3.Cutsomeofthelargerfruitintosmallpieces.将一些大片的水果切成小片。4.addAtoB将A添加到B里面eg:Pleaseaddsomemilktothetea.5.tipsformakingafruitsalad做水果色拉的提示/建议=advice/suggestionsonmakingafruitsalad6.usefruitinseason使用当季水果7.makesureitisfresh.确保它是新鲜的。【make/besure+(that)宾语从句】8.usefruitofdifferentcolours用不同颜色的水果9.makeyourfruitsaladlookasgoodasittastes让你的水果色拉色味俱佳10.【重点】①forexample例如【后面有逗号，常接一个具体的事例】Wearefacingmanyproblems.Forexample,noiseisoneofthem.②suchas例如【前面有逗号，后面没有逗号，常接多个并列的例子】suchas常转化为like像(但like前后均无逗号）Eg:Ihavemanyhobbies,suchasswimming,running,playingchessandsoon.11.makethesaladlookcolourful使沙拉看上去五彩缤纷12.preparethefruitsalad准备水果沙拉【区分】①preparesth.准备某物②prepareforsth.=getreadyforsth.为某事而做好准备工作13.leaveitintheairforsometime将它放在空气中一段时间【重点】①leavesb.alone=leavesb.byoneself将某人单独留下②leavethewindowopen使窗户处于开着的状态【leave+宾语+形容词作宾补】③leavethelighton让灯一直开④leavethewaterrunning

让水一直流淌14.Aresandwichesquickandeasytomake?三明治做起来又快又容易吗?→It’seasyandquicktomakesandwiches.三明治做起来又快又容易.五、Studyskills形容词前缀un/in/im+形容词→构成形容词的反义词。un--un--certainuncertainusualunusualsureunsureimportantunimportantcomfortableuncomfortableluckyunluckyinterestinguninterestingkindunkindhappyunhappyableunablein--im--activeinactive(不积极的)patientimpatient(没有耐心的)correctincorrect(不正确的)possibleImpossible(不可能的)direct(直接的)indirect(间接的)politeimpolite(不礼貌的)expensiveinexpensive(便宜的)formal(正式的)informal(非正式的)dis--honestdishonest重点短语和句型。1.dooutdoorsports做户外运动2.Itisunusualformetostayathomeallday对我来说整天呆在家里是不寻常的。3.Itisimpossibletosleepwithallthatnoise.与那噪音同眠是不可能的。 4.beableto=can能够【beunableto=benotableto=can’t】5.I’mcertainabouthowtodoit.我确定如何做这件事。【unsure=uncertain不确定的】①becertain/sureaboutsth.②becertain/suretodosth.③becertain/sure+(that)宾语从句6.alloverthefloor遍地都是7.tidy(it)up把(它)整理好【动副词组】8.rightnow立刻，此刻，目前=atonce(立刻)=atthemoment（此刻）六、Task1.makeherabirthdaycardbymyself我自己独自给她做一张生日卡片【makesb.sth.=makesth.forsb.给某人】2.keepitsecret保密【此句中secret是形容词，作宾补】3.Iplannedtomakethecardwithsomerosesonit.我计划做上面带玫瑰花的卡片。4.helpmewiththedrawing=helpme(to)drawpictures帮助我画画4.havefunworkingtogether一起工作很开心 【havefundoingsth.开心做某事】5.lotsofthingsgowrong许多东西出故障/弄错【gowrong主语为物，常用于机器出故障】6.duringthattime在那段时间7.keepspellingthewordswrong一直拼错单词【spell→过去式spelt/spelled】8.colourtherosesred 把玫瑰涂成红色9.cutoutapictureofcolourfulballoons 剪出一幅彩色气球的图片10.sticktherosesonthecover 把玫瑰花贴在封面【stick→过去式stuck】11.ThisisthefirstcardImadeforMum.【定语从句修饰card】这是我为妈妈做的第一张卡片。12.completedoingsth.=finishdoingsth.做完某事13.makethingsfromoldclothes用旧衣服做东西14.puttogetherapieceoffurniture组装一件家具【furniture家具不可数】七、书面表达DIY在年轻人中很流行，我昨天完成了我的第一份DIY作品。根据下面的提示用英文写一篇80字左右的短文，题目为“MyfirstDIYjob”。开头已给出，不计入总词数。上周，我在网上购买了颜料和两把刷子。油漆前，我先看了说明书。开始，我把所有的墙都漆成了蓝色。但是房间看起来有点单调。最后，我决定在墙上画一些色彩斑斓的鱼和一条小船。油漆满地板都是。我不得不多花了一小时把房间收拾干净。现在这个房间看上去真的很棒。我希望了解更多有关DIY，我将……注意：1.语法正确，意思连贯，书写规范，要点齐全；2.第6要点须用1至2句话作适当的发挥；3.词数80字左右。MyfirstDIYjobDIYispopularamongyoungpeople.IdidmyfirstDIYjobyesterday.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________知识点测试一、单项选择（共20小题;每小题1分，计20分）1.Theappleswillgobadifyouleavethemintheairfor_____.A.sometimesB.sometimesC.sometimeD.sometime2.Theroomisnotbrightenough.Ineedto_____alightinit.A.putinB.putonC.putupD.putout3.–Donotplaywithfire,Tom.Itisdangerous.---_________.A.OK,Iwill.B.No,Iwon’tC.Yes,IwillD.Yes,Iwon’t4.–Don’tdrinkwineanymore.It’sbadforyourhealth.--I’mtryingto______.It’sreallyhard,youknow.A.tidyitupB.putitoutC.cutitoutD.giveitup5.--Itisuselesstospendmuchtimeonstudy.Iwillnotstudyanymore.--Pleasedonot.Nothingis_________ifyouarehard-workingenough.A.unimportantB.impossibleC.uninterestingD.incorrect6.Youcanseeapictureononesideofthecardandawordon_____side.A.eachB.bothC.everyD.theother7.Tomis____aboutplayingfootball.Heevenplaysitwhenitrains.A.interestedB.fondC.afraidD.crazy8.Milliedidn’tstopworkingwhenIgotthere,Shejustkept_____thewall.A.topaintB.paintedC.paintingD.onpoint9.Thenoticeonthebox________“doityourself.”A.saysB.writesC.tellsD.speaks10.Notonlymysisterbutalsomybrother______afraidofsnakes.A.isB.areC.doesD.do11.Monicawasangryyesterdaybecauseherbabyfilledthebedroom_______water.A.ofB.withC.inD.under12.Letus_______patientandwaitfortheresultquietly.A.beB.areC.tobeD.nottobe13.Whenautumncomes,thegrasswill_____yellow.A.turnB.becameC.getD.change14.—Canyoutellmehowtomakeapaperflower?---_________.A.NowayB.NotatallC.That’sallrightD.Noproblem15.Wouldyoupleasepassmethe_____?I’dliketocutthepaperintohalves.A.ropeB.glueC.tapeD.scissors16.---Dad,Iamfixingthebikes,Canyouhelpme?--Just________.Believeinyourself.A.waitamomentB.doityourselfC.helpmyselfD.standup17.Don’tsearchtheanswerontheInternet.Askyourteacherforhelp______.A.alreadyB.evenC.howeverD.instead18.Marywasveryhappybecausethebookonly____herfivedollars.A.paidB.tookC.spentD.cost19.Duringtheprocessofmakingthefruitsalad,theboyhadfun______withhisclassmates.A.worktogetherB.studytogetherC.livingtogetherD.workingtogether20.—_____isitfromheretoyourhometown?—Well,ittakesoverthreehourstogettherebycoach.A.HowsoonB.HowmuchC.HowlongD.Howfar二、词汇运用（共20空；每空1分，满分20分）1.Peterwassadbecausehemadea_____________(可怕的)mistake.2.Thedoctor____________(建议)metodomoreexerciseyesterday.3.Hetied(系)himselfarounda_________________(绳索)beforeclimbinguptherocks.4.Pleasereadthe_____________________(指示)carefullybeforeyoustarttofixthetoycar.5.Oh,we_____________(已经)eattoomuchmeat.Wecan’teatanymore.6.---Thanksfor________________(使……充满)thisglassforme,Tom.---Mypleasure.7.Thetwinstakesdifferent_________________(课程)becausetheyhavedifferenthobbies.8.---Canyoumake____________(句子)withthesewords?---Ofcourse.9. —Canyouhelpmewiththeproblem? —Sorry,lookattheblackboard.It______________(写道),“Doityourself”.10.Theseboyskepton__________________fortwohours.(draw)11.GrandpataughthimselfFrenchwithout____________(attend)schoolwhenhewasyoung.12.You’dbetter____________(notput)toomuchsugarintothedishoritwillbetoosweet.13.MrsGreenwithhertwodaughtersalways____________(try)differentkindsoffood.14.How(active)Tomisinclass!Heneverhan