2025年华东师大版必修1英语下册阶段测试试卷含答案VIP

…………○…………内…………○…………装…………○…………内…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…………※※请※※不※※要※※在※※装※※订※※线※※内※※答※※题※※…………○…………外…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…………第=page22页，总=sectionpages22页第=page11页，总=sectionpages11页2025年华东师大版必修1英语下册阶段测试试卷含答案考试试卷考试范围：全部知识点；考试时间：120分钟学校：______姓名：______班级：______考号：______总分栏题号一二三四五六总分得分评卷人得分一、选择题(共8题，共16分)1、Thisistheveryknife____Iusedtocutapplesyesterday.A.whichB.bywhichC.thatD.withthat2、ZhangBolihasdevotedallhislifeto________TraditionalChineseMedicine,forwhichhe________thetitle“People’sHero”.A.promoting;impressesB.promote;illuminatesC.promote;concludesD.promoting;deserves3、Someparentshaveunrealistic________oftheirchildren,whichhaveraisedmanyproblemsamongstudents.A.expectationsB.preparationsC.cooperationD.inspiration4、Youhavereachedastage_________youeitherfollowyourheartorlistentoyourdad.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.and5、Yearsofteachingexperienceasavolunteerhasmadehim____thatforstudents’developmenttimelyencouragementalongwithcarefulinstructions____.A.convinced;countB.convincing;countsC.convinced;countsD.convincing;count6、Iam_____thatPeterisguiltlessunlessyoucanshowme_____evidence.A.convincing;convincingB.convinced;convincedC.convinced;convincingD.convincing;convinced7、Weprefertosayyesto_____ofsomeoneweknowandlike.A.warningsB.customsC.responsesD.requests8、—Whata______sceneonthestage!

—Yeah,wegirlswerereally_______.A.frightened;frightenedB.frightening;frightenedC.frightening;frighteningD.frightened;frightening评卷人得分二、英译汉（整句）(共2题，共4分)9、Oncepublished,thenovelwasaninstantsuccessandwassoontranslatedintonineforeignlanguages.(英译汉)10、Thespecialbondbetweenmotherandherchildrenislikeaknottedlongropethatcannevereverbeuntangledforever.(英译汉)评卷人得分三、句型转换(共8题，共16分)11、Thenursesarewatchingoverthesepatientsandwaitingonthemdayandnight.（改为被动语态）

→Thesepatients________andwaitedonbythenursesdayandnight.12、Thenursesarewatchingoverthesepatientsandwaitingonthemdayandnight.(变为被动语态)

→Thesepatients_________onbythenursesdayandnight.13、Scientistsarestudyingthediseaseatpresent.(变为被动语态)

→Thedisease________atpresentbyscientists.14、TheradioisbroadcastingEnglishlessons.(用被动语态改写句子)15、LiNausedtobeatopChinesetennisplayer.Weconsiderheralegend.(用定语从句合并)16、Ourteachermadeuscloseoureyesinthegame.(将主动语态变为被动语态)

_____________________________________________17、Wesawhimplaybadmintonontheplaygroundyesterday.(改成被动句)18、Tomsaid,“I’mgoingtodomoreresearchontheproblem.”(变间接引语)评卷人得分四、单词拼写(共1题，共4分)19、单词拼写。

【小题1】First_____（印象）canbedeceptive.

【小题2】Inmy_____（观点）,he’snotmakingaverygoodjobofit.

【小题3】Thegalleryhasafine_______（收藏）ofmodernpictures.

【小题4】Heisthepresidentofalargeinternational______（组织）.

【小题5】There’snopointgettingintoa_____（恐慌）abouttheexams.

【小题6】Ilikethespeedandthe_____（挑战）ofracingcar.

【小题7】It_____（使尴尬）metohavetogivemyopinioninpublic.

【小题8】Thisisagreat_____（改善）onyourpreviouswork.

【小题9】Therewasaworried_____（表情）onherface.

【小题10】Theywere____（惊讶的）tofindthathe’dalreadyleft.评卷人得分五、短文改错(共1题，共6分)20、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文；请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加；删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)；并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线；并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处；多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I’mterriblesorrytomakeyoudisappointingfornothavingfinishedmyhomeworkontime.Infact,Ihadsomethingelsetodo,thatmademehavenotimeformyhomework.Myfatherwasbadlyinjuredinaaccidentyesterday.Hearingthenews,Ihurriedthehospitalafterschool.Ihadabusynight,butIdidn'tdomyhomework.Aswhatyouknow,IamanordinarystudentinclassandeagertoimproveyourEnglish.IfindIhavegreatdifficultyconcentrateonmystudy.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomesuggestions?Besides,IwishyoucouldgivememorechancestopractisemyEnglishinclass.

I’mlookingforwardtohearfromyouearly.评卷人得分六、概要写作(共3题，共18分)21、阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Wateringiskeytogrowingplantswell,soherewelookathowtogetitjustright.Thisnotonlymeansprovidingthewaterourgardensneedbutusingitwisely.WaterisapreciousresourceandsuppliesintheUKareunderpressurefromtheeffectsofclimatechange,populationincreaseandtheneedtoprotecttheenvironment.Generally,severalaspectsneedtobeconsidered.WhentowaterWaterinthemornings,ifyoucan,asthisiswhenthesuncomesupandplantsstarttotranspire(蒸腾)insunlight,drawingwaterfromthesoil,throughtheirroots,uptheirstemsandtotheirleaves.Eveningwateringisalsofine,asthecoolerconditionsmeanlesswaterislosttoevaporation(蒸发).Wateringintheheatofthedayisnotagoodidea,asmuchwaterislostthroughevaporationfromthesurfaceofthesoil.Plantswillusewatermoreefficientlyifwateredinthecoolerpartsoftheday.HowtowaterWateringthoroughlymatters.Ithelpsgetthewaterdowntothedeeperroottipswhereit’sneeded.But,equallyimportant,thesoildoesn’thavetobereallywetallthetimebecauseplantsrootsneedairaswellaswatertogrowwell.Otherwise,theremightbenoflowerorfruit,andevenaworseresultmightcomealong.OthertipsTousewaterinthemosteconomicalway,it’sgoodtolearndifferentplants’wateringrequirements.Forexample,acontainerplantinhotsunnyweathermayneedwateringdaily,whereasamatureshrubmightonlyneedadrinkinextremedrought.Annualflowersandvegetablesproducedinthespringarelikelytoneedmorewateringthanself-sownorautumngrownplantsastheyhavenewandshallowrootsystems.So,don’ttreatalltheplantsinthesameway.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________22、Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Sellingyourstuffonlinedoesnotonlyhelptodeclutter(清理)yourhomeandgetridofthingsyoudon’tneed,butitcanalsobeagreatsourceofincome.Booksyou’renotplanningonreadingagaintakingupspaceonyourshelf?Sellthemonline.Upgradingyourphone?Findalocalbuyeronsocialmedia.Sellingonlinecomeswithcertainpitfallstoo,though,anditpaystobediligentwhenyou’recrossingthethreshold(门槛)fromcustomertoseller.Onethingyouneedtoconsidercarefullyistheplatformonwhichyouaregoingtoadvertise.Mostbigplayersinthefieldaresopopularwithsellers,notjustbecausetheycangiveyouaccesstoabiggerpoolofpotentialcustomers,butalsobecausetheyofferinsurancebothtothesellerandthebuyer,whichgivesbothbuyersandsellersmoreconfidence.Thedownside,however,isthatyouwillgenerallyneedtopayanupfrontfee(预付费)forusingtheplatform,andmayalsohavetosacrificeacutofyourprofittothecompany.What’smore,youneedtobuildupareputationbeforebuyerscantrustyou-whichmeansyoumighthavetosettleforlowerpricesuntilyouhaveahighrating.Youcanusesomeplatformsthateitherchargeasmallerfeeforadvertisingorevennofeeatall-but,inthatcase,whatyouwillneedtokeepinmindisyoursafety,especiallyifthevalueoftheproductyou’resellingishigh.Mostprospectivebuyerswillbegenuine,butit’salwaysbesttomeetduringthedayatapublicplacesuchasacoffeeshop,alibrary,orasupermarketparkinglot-anywheremonitoredbysecuritycamerasisgood.Alwayskeeptheproductclosetoyou,andcheckthatthemoneyhasbeenreleasedintoyouraccountor-ifyou’rebeingpaidbycash-thatyouhavebeengiventhefullamountbeforerelinquishingyouritems.Afewmorethingstokeepinmind:alwaysbeaccuratewithyourdescriptionsoftheitemsyouareselling,especiallyifadvertisingonabigplatform.Thelastthingyouwantistobeaccusedoffraudandbannedfromthewebsite.Don’tgiveoutyourfullname,either-keepyourlastnameprivate.Identitytheftmightberareinsuchtransactions,butit’salwaysbettertobecareful.Youmightthinkmanyofthesesoundlikecommonsenserules,andtheyare,butmanyfirst-timesellersnaivelyforgettotakeprecautionswhensellingtheirstuffonline.Attheendoftheday,it’suptoyoutodecidethewayinwhichyouarecomfortablewithconductingbusinessonline-butrememberthatasmart,preparedsellerisahappyseller.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________23、阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Confidenceinpublicspeakingisimportantbecauseitallowsyoutotakeyourfocusoffyourselfandfocusontheaudienceinstead.Thisispossiblebyhavingahealthyattitudetowardstheaudience.Unlikemanyspeakersthatwonderwhethertheaudiencelikethem,withconfidenceyourfocuswillshiftawayfromwhethertheaudiencelikeyouandmovetowardsbuildingaharmoniousrelationshipfromthemomentyousteponstage.Manyspeakershaveablankmindonstagebecausetheyhavesomanycompetingthoughtswhichmakethemupsetabouttheresultandtheresponseoftheaudience.Beingconfidentmeansyoucanthinkstraightandmanageyourthoughtseffectively.Gettingridofdistractingthoughtsallowsyoutoconcentrateondeliveringthemessage.Speakersthatlackconfidenceoftensaysomethingthatisnotlinkedtothestoryandusecomplexlanguage,sotheirmessagecanmaketheaudiencepuzzled.Confidentspeakerssendamessagewhichisrelevant,simpleandhonestandtheyusepersonalstoriestobuildaconnection.Themessageiswhattheaudienceneedorwanttohearaboutandnotjustsimplywhattheywanttospeakabout.Speakersshouldkeepinmindthattheyshouldprepareamessagewhichisfullofcontentdesignedfortheaudienceinsteadofcontentdesignedtomakethemunabletounderstand.Thereisnodoubtthatconfidenceisimportant.Ifaspeakerhasconfidence,theaudienceinmostcasesrespondpositivelytohimorher.Aspeakerlackinginconfidencemayattempttomaskitinmanyways,onlytoresultinbeingtreatedasanarrogant(自大的)person.Theaudienceareleftquestioningthespeaker’smotivationforbeingonstageinthefirstplace.Aconfidentspeakerislesslikelytohavetheunknownfactors.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案一、选择题(共8题，共16分)1、C【分析】【详解】

考查定语从句。句意：这就是我昨天用来切苹果的那把小刀。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词knife，指物。关系词在定语从句中作used的宾语，而先行词前面有thevery的修饰，所以只能用关系代词that引导。故选C。2、D【分析】【详解】

考查非谓语动词和动词词义辨析。句意：张伯立毕生致力于中医药事业的推广，他理应获得“人民英雄”的称号。A.promoting发扬；impresses使铭记；B.promote发扬；illuminates阐明；C.promote发扬；concludes推断；D.promoting发扬；deserves应得到。第一空：固定短语devotetodoingsth.“致力于做某事”，第一空要用动名词，所以选项B、C错误；第二空：固定搭配deservethetitle“应得到称号”。故选D。3、A【分析】【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些家长对自己的孩子抱有不切实际的期待，这引发了学生们之间的很多问题。A.expectations期待；B.preparations准备；C.cooperation合作；D.inspiration灵感。结合常识可知，父母对孩子抱有的是期待，有时不仅会引发学生之间的矛盾，还会引发父母与孩子之间的矛盾。故选A项。4、C【分析】【详解】

考查定语从句。句意：你已经到了要么听从自己内心，要么听爸爸的话的阶段。分析句子，设空处引导的是定语从句，引导词在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词stage，故用where。故选C。5、C【分析】【详解】

考查形容词及主谓一致。句意：作为一名志愿者，多年的教学经验使他确信对于学生的发展来说，及时的鼓励和细致的指导是重要的。convinced坚信的；深信的；确信的；convincing令人信服的；有说服力的。makesb.convincedthat指“使某人确信”，故第一空填convinced；分析句子可知，that从句中的主语是timelyencouragementalongwithcarefulinstructions，当with,togetherwith,alongwith;like,except,but,nolessthan,aswellas等词连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致，故此处谓语动词count应与timelyencouragement保持一致。故谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。故选C。6、C【分析】【详解】

考查形容词。句意：我相信彼得是无罪的，除非你能向我展示令人信服的证据。convinced意为“确信的，深信的”，是形容词，形容人的感受；convincing意为“有说服力的，令人相信的”，是形容词，一般形容事物是令人信服的，因此第一空是convinced，第二空是convincing，故选C。7、D【分析】【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们喜欢答应我们认识和喜欢的人的要求。A.warnings警示；B.customs风俗，习俗；C.responses答复；D.requests要求，请求。根据“sayyesto”和“someoneweknowandlike”可推知，是答应认识和喜欢的人的请求，requests符合句意。故选D。8、B【分析】【详解】

考查形容词。句意：——舞台上的一幕真吓人！——是的，我们女孩子真的很害怕。根据上下句句意可知，上句应为形容词ing形式frightening“令人害怕的”，多修饰物；下句应为形容词ed形式frightened“感到害怕的”，多形容人。故选B项。二、英译汉（整句）(共2题，共4分)9、略

【分析】【详解】

考查状语从句的省略和句子结构。“Oncepublished”是条件状语从句的省略，当从句主语和主句主语一致，且含有be动词，可省略从句中的“主语+be动词”，完整结构是Oncethenovelwaspublished，翻译为：一经出版；句子主语是thenovel，翻译为“这部小说”；“wasaninstantsuccess”是系表结构，翻译为“立即获得成功”；and连接并列的谓语，“wassoontranslatedintonineforeignlanguages”中soon是副词作状语，wastranslatedinto是被动语态，翻译为“不久就被翻译成九种语言”。故翻译为：一经出版，这部小说就立即获得成功，不久就被翻译成九种语言。【解析】一经出版，这部小说就立即获得成功，不久就被翻译成九种语言。10、略

【分析】【详解】

考查介词短语作后置定语和定语从句。分析所给英文句子，主语是“Thespecialbond”意为“特殊纽带”，“betweenmotherandherchildren”作后置定语修饰主语，意为“母亲和孩子之间的”，“is”作谓语，意为“是”，“aknottedlongrope”作表语意为“像一根打结的长绳”，“that”引导定语从句，修饰rope，在从句中作主语，所以“thatcannevereverbeuntangledforever.”意为“永远无法解开”。故译为：母亲和孩子之间的特殊纽带就像一根打结的长绳，永远无法解开。【解析】母亲和孩子之间的特殊纽带就像一根打结的长绳，永远无法解开。三、句型转换(共8题，共16分)11、略

【分析】【详解】

考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：护士们日夜守护着这些病人。分析可知，题干的句子使用了现在进行时的主动语态，变被动语态时，把主动句的宾语thesepatients作为被动句的主语，为复数含义，被动句的谓语部分用bebeingdone的形式，根据主动句中谓语arewatching，所以此处用arebeingwatchedover，故填arebeingwatchedover。【解析】arebeingwatchedover12、略

【分析】【详解】

考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：护士们日夜看护着这些病人。分析可知，题干的句子使用了现在进行时的主动语态，变被动语态时，把主动句的宾语thesepatients作为被动句的主语，为复数含义，被动句的谓语部分用bebeingdone的形式，所以被动句为：Thesepatientsarebeingwatchedoverandwaitedonbythenursesdayandnight。故填arebeingwatchedoverandwaited。【解析】arebeingwatchedoverandwaited13、略

【分析】【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意：目前科学家正在研究这种疾病。题目要求把句子转换为被动语态，首先根据原句句意和atpresent“目前，现在”可知，研究的动作正在发生，故原句为现在进行时，转换后的句子应用现在进行时。句子主语disease“疾病”与动词study“研究”之间为逻辑上的被动关系，即疾病被研究，故应用现在进行时的被动语态，句式为“主语+be(am/is/are)+being+动词的过去分词+其他”。Thedisease为可数名词单数形式，特指这种疾病，故be动词用is，study的过去分词为studied，atpresent为时间状语，放在谓语动词之后。故填isbeingstudiedatpresent。【解析】isbeingstudied14、略

【分析】【详解】

考查被动语态。句意：收音机正在播放英语课。主语是Englishlessons，和谓语动词broadcast是被动关系，根据原句的时态可知，用现在进行时的被动语态，主语复数，助动词用are。故改写为Englishlessonsarebeingbroadcastontheradio.【解析】Englishlessonsarebeingbroadcastontheradio.15、略

【分析】【详解】

考查定语从句。句意：李娜曾经是中国顶尖的网球运动员。我们认为她是个传奇人物。根据要求改成定语从句可知，先行词可以为atopChinesetennisplayer，也可以为LiNa，所以若先行词为atopChinesetennisplayer，可改为LiNausedtobeatopChinesetennisplayerwhom/who/thatweconsideralegend；若先行词为LiNa，可改为非限制性定语从句LiNa,whom/whoweconsideralegend,usedtobeatopChinesetennisplayer。故答案为LiNausedtobeatopChinesetennisplayerwhom/who/thatweconsideralegend；LiNa,whom/whoweconsideralegend,usedtobeatopChinesetennisplayer。【解析】LiNausedtobeatopChinesetennisplayerwhom/who/thatweconsideralegend.

LiNa,whom/whoweconsideralegend,usedtobeatopChinesetennisplayer.16、略

【分析】【详解】

考查被动语态。上句为一般过去时的主动语态，句意为“我们的老师让我们在游戏中闭上眼睛”。上句的主语是ourteacher，谓语动词made，宾语为us。改为被动语态时，上句的宾语us成为下句的主语，us居主语位置需用主格形式we，它与动词make二者被动关系，此时要用被动语态，其基本结构为“受动者+be+过去分词+（by+施动者）+其他”。主语为复数代词we,系词用were；makesb.dosth.让某人做某事，固定短语，在被动结构中需恢复省略的不定式符号to；根据句意结构，可知答案为：Weweremadetocloseoureyesinthegame。【解析】Weweremadetocloseoureyesinthegame.17、略

【分析】【详解】

考查被动语态和非谓语动词。句意：昨天我们看到他在操场上打羽毛球。seesbdosth“看到某人做某事”，用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，在被动语态中要用带to的不定式，sbbeseentodosth“某人被看到做某事”。此句为一般过去时，改为被动句时he做主语，谓语动词用单数，所以此句的被动句应为：Hewasseentoplaybadmintonontheplaygroundyesterday(byus).故答案为Hewasseentoplaybadmintonontheplaygroundyesterdaybyus./Hewasseentoplaybadmintonontheplaygroundyesterday【解析】Hewasseentoplaybadmintonontheplaygroundyesterdaybyus.##Hewasseentoplaybadmintonontheplaygroundyesterday.18、略

【分析】【详解】

考查直接引语变间接引语。句意：汤姆说：“我打算在这个问题上做更多研究。”直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时用that引导句子；由said可知，直接引变为间接引语时，一般将来时要变为过去将来时；第一人称改为第三人称。故改为Tomsaidthathewasgoingtodomoreresearchontheproblem.【解析】Tomsaidthathewasgoingtodomoreresearchontheproblem.四、单词拼写(共1题，共4分)19、略

【分析】【分析】

本题考查单词拼写；注意拼写和词形问题。

【小题1】考查名词。句意：印象可能具有欺骗性。作主语用名词，impression表示“印象”，既可作不可数名词也可作可数名词，故填impression（s）。

【小题2】考查固定短语。句意：在我看来；他做得不太好。inone'sopinion表示“依某人的观点”，故填opinion。

【小题3】考查名词。句意：这家画廊收藏了许多精美的现代绘画。acollectionof表示“收藏的；一批”；故填collection。

【小题4】考查名词。句意：他是一家大型国际集团（组织）的总裁。organization表示“组织”，故填organization。

【小题5】考查名词。句意：没有必要为考试而惊慌失措。panic表示“恐慌”；故填panic。

【小题6】考查名词。句意：我喜欢赛车的速度和挑战。challenge表示“挑战”；故填challenge。

【小题7】考查时态。句意：不得不当众发表意见使我很难堪。embarrass表示“使难堪”，语境表明事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故填embarrassed。

【小题8】考查名词。句意：这比你以前的工作有很大的改进。分析句子结构可知，此处用名词作表语，improvement表示“改进、改善”，故填improvement。

【小题9】考查名词。句意：她脸上有一种担心的表情。作therebe句型中的表语用名词，expression表示“表情”，故填expression。

【小题10】考查形容词。句意：他们惊讶地发现他已经离开了。修饰人用-ed形式的形容词，表示“感到的”，故填surprised。【解析】【小题1】impression（s）

【小题2】opinion

【小题3】collection

【小题4】organization

【小题5】panic

【小题6】challenge

【小题7】embarrassed

【小题8】improvement

【小题9】expression

【小题10】surprised五、短文改错(共1题，共6分)20、略

【分析】【分析】

这是一篇应用文。作者因为没有完成作业向老师道歉；并向老师解释原因，且就如何提高英语寻求老师的建议。

【详解】

第一处：考查副词。修饰形容词sorry应用副词，故将terrible改为terribly。

第二处：考查形容词。句意：我很抱歉使你失望了。disappointing形容事物的性质特点；意为“令人失望的”，disappointed形容人的感受情绪，意为“失望的”。该处指使你“失望”，故将disappointing改为disappointed。

第三处：考查定语从句。thatmademehavenotimeformyhomework是非限制性定语从句；修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故将that改为which。

第四处：考查冠词。accident的发音以元音音素开头；前面应用不定冠词an。故将a改为an。

第五处：考查介词。hurry是不及物动词，表示“匆忙赶到某地”时，常和介词to搭配。故在hurried和the之间加上to。

第六处：考查连词。句意：我晚上很忙，所以我没有写作业。前后句之间是因果关系。but表转折。故将but改为so。

第七处：考查非限制性定语从句。asyouknow是非限制性定语从句；修饰整个主句，as在从句中作know的宾语，故what多余，应去掉。

第八处：考查代词。句意：在班里，我是个普通的学生，我渴望提高我的英语。根据句意，我渴望提高的是“我的”英语。故将your改为my。

第九处：考查动名词。havedifficulty(in)doingsth.是固定句式，意为“做某事有困难”，其中，in是介词，后面接动名词作宾语。故将concentrate改为concentrating。

第十处：考查动名词。lookforwardto意为“盼望着做某事”，是固定短语。to是介词，后面接名词或动名词作宾语。故将hear改为hearing。

【点睛】

短文改错在解题过程中，要按句修改。首先从对整句的理解上判断是否存在逻辑错误。其次，再考虑该句中动词，名词，时态语态方面是否存在问题。例如第六处错误，考生通过对句子的理解，首先就可以确定上下文之间是转折关系，从而将but改为so。【解析】六、概要写作(共3题，共18分)21、略

【分析】【导语】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是如何正确浇水；包括什么时候浇水，怎么浇水及如何以最经济的方式用水。

【详解】

1要点摘录。

①Wateringiskeytogrowingplantswell,soherewelookathowtogetitjustright.Thisnotonlymeansprovidingthewaterourgardensneedbutusingitwisely.

②Waterinthemornings,ifyoucan,asthisiswhenthesuncomesupandplantsstarttotranspireinsunlight,drawingwaterfromthesoil,throughtheirroots,uptheirstemsandtotheirleaves.

③Wateringthoroughlymatters.Ithelpsgetthewaterdowntothedeeperroottipswhereit’sneeded.

④Tousewaterinthemosteconomicalway,it’sgoodtolearndifferentplants’wateringrequirements.

2.缜密构思将第1要点作为总说；将第2；3、4三个要点进行重组，作为分说。

3.遣词造句。

Itisnecessarythatwewaterright,whichmeansprovidingthewaterourgardensneedwisely.

Youshouldwaterinthemorningwhenthesuncomesupandplantsstarttotranspireinsunlight,drawingwaterfromthesoil.

Youshouldwaterthoroughly,whichhelpsgetthewaterdowntothedeeperroottips.

Tousewaterinaneconomicalway,it’sgoodtolearndifferentplants’wateringrequirements.

【点睛】

[高分句型1]Itisnecessarythatwewaterright,whichmeansprovidingthewaterourgardensneedwisely.运用了一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第一段进行了概括。其中that引导的是主语从句；which引导的是非限制性定语从句。

[高分句型2]Youshouldwaterinthemorningwhenthesuncomesupandplantsstarttotranspireinsunlight,drawingwaterfromthesoil.运用了when引导定语从句对第二段进行了概括，表达非常高级。【解析】Itisnecessarythatwewaterright,whichmeansprovidingthewaterourgardensneedwisely.Youshouldwaterinthemorningwhenthesuncomesupandplantsstarttotranspireinsunlight,drawingwaterfromthesoil.Youshouldwaterthoroughly,whichhelpsgetthewaterdowntothedeeperroottips.Tousewaterinaneconomicalway,it’sgoodtolearndifferentplants’wateringrequirements.22、略

【分析】【导语】

本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在网上销售自己不需要东西的时候应注意的一些问题及销售方法。

【详解】

1.要点摘录。

①Sellingyourstuffonlinedoesnotonlyhelptodeclutter(清理)yourhomeandgetridofthingsyoudon’tneed,butitcanalsobeagreatsourceofincome.

②Onethingyouneedtoconsidercarefullyistheplatformonwhichyouaregoingtoadvertise.

③Mostbigplayersinthefieldaresopopularwithsellers,notjustbecausetheycangiveyouaccesstoabiggerpoolofpotentialcustomers,butalsobecausetheyofferinsurancebothtothesellerandthebuyer,whichgivesbothbuyersandsellersmoreconfidence.

④Thedownside,however,isthatyouwillgenerallyneedtopayanupfrontfee(预付费)forusingtheplatform,andmayalsohavetosacrificeacutofyourprofittothecompany.

⑤What’smore,youneedtobuildupareputationbeforebuyerscantrustyou-whichmeansyoumighthavetosettleforlowerpricesuntilyouhaveahighrating.

⑥Afewmorethingstokeepinmind:alwaysbeaccuratewithyourdescriptionsoftheitemsyouareselling,especiallyifadvertisingonabigplatform.

⑦Don’tgiveoutyourfullname,either-keepyourlastnameprivate.Identitytheftmightberareinsuchtransactions,butit’salwaysbettertobecareful.

2.缜密深思。

把要点1重组；要点2；3、4整合；要点6和要点7重组；整合。

3.遣词造句。

Sellingyourstuffonlinenotonlyhelpdeclutteryourhome,butitcanalsobringextraincome.

Onethingtoconsidercarefullyistheplatform.Acredibleplatformusuallyhasawidercustomerbaseandofferinsurance.

Thedownside,however,isthatyouwillgenerallyneedtopayanupfrontfeeforusingtheplatform.

Besides,youhavetosettleforlowerpricessoastobuildupagoodreputation.

Alwayskeepinmindthatbeaccuratewiththedescriptionsofitemsyouaresellingandbecarefulofyourprovacy.

【点睛】

【高分句型1】

First,chooseacredibleplatformwithawidercustomerbaseandinsurance,andlowerthepriceuntilyou’veestablishedafinereputation.（运用了祈使句和时间状语从句）

【高分句型2】

It’salsoessentialtoprovidehonestitemdescriptionsandprotectpersonalprivacy.（运用了it作形式主语）【解析】(1)Onlinesellingbringsextraincomebutrequirescarefulpreparations.First,chooseacredibleplatformwithawidercustomerbaseandinsurance,andlowerthepriceunti