语法14 形容词、副词（讲义）

►第14讲形容词、副词【复习目标】1.熟练掌握形容词和副词的句法功能和分类；2.掌握形容词、副词比较级和最高级的规则变化和不规则变化；3.掌握修饰比较级和最高级的标志词和相关句式；4.掌握倍数表达法；5.掌握形容词后缀、形容词变副词构词法6.掌握易混易错形容词和副词【考情分析】形容词是描述人或事物的特征、性质、属性及状态的一种词类，主要用来修饰名词或代词。对于形容词的考查多集中在三个方面：1.形容词的比较等级；2.形容词词义辨析；3.形容词短语搭配。4.形容词的比较级和最高级。纵观近年各地市中考题，对在语言环境中考查形容词词义的题目有逐步增加的趋势。在学习过程中，要在识记形容词词义上多下功夫，同时兼顾比较等级的各种变化形式。副词是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用副词的能力。考向一形容词和副词的句法功能和分类一、形容词的分类分类说明性质形容词用于表示人或物所具有的性质。在英语中，大量的形容词属于这一类别，多数有比较级和最高级，有程度大小的区别，可以使用程度副词修饰。funny滑稽的，lovely可爱的，healthy健康的类别形容词用于阐明人或事物所属的特定类别。这一类形容词往往没有程度大小的区别、没有比较级和最高级，而且不使用程度副词修饰。financial经济的，mental脑力的，cultural文化的颜色形容词用于表示事物颜色的形容词。这一类形容词没有比较级和最高级。blue蓝色的，green绿色的，white白色的叙述形容词这类形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰，大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。afraid害怕的，alone单独的，asleep睡着的，worth值得的，ill病的分词形容词英语中有些表情感态度的动词，如excite，worry，其过去分词和现在分词可形容词化，即相当于形容词。worried担优的，worrying令人担忧的，exciting令人兴奋的，excited感到兴奋的复合形容词指的是由几个词共同构成并起形容词作用的词。three-year-old三岁的，ordinary-looking相貌普通的，middle-aged中年的形容词的句法功能成分说明例句作定语一般放在所修饰词的前面It’sacoldandwindydaytoday.今天是个寒冷、有风的天气。作表语放在系动词的后面Helookshappytoday.他今天看上去很开心。做补足语作主语或宾语的补足语，说明主语或宾语的性质、状态或特征Ithinkitimpossibleforhimtofinishtheworkbeforedark.我认为他不可能在天黑之前完成这一工作。作状语主要表示原因、伴随或方式Hungryandtired,Ihadtostoptohavearest.又累又饿，我只好停下来休息一下。【知识拓展】1.形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。Wouldyoulikesomethinghottodrink?你想喝点热的东西吗？Thereisnothingimportantinthepaper.报上没什么重要的事情。2.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。Thebridgeisabouttwohundredmetreslong.这座桥长约两百米。Lastyearwebuiltabuildingthirteenstoreyshigh.去年，我们盖了一栋十三层高的楼。3.多个形容词作定语时的顺序排列：限定词（冠词、数词、代词等）→描绘性形容词→大、小（长、短、高、低）形容词→形状形容词→年龄（新、旧）形容词→颜色形容词、国籍形容词、材料形容词、用途（类别）形容词、名词。【巧记顺口溜】限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。aChinesewritingdesk一张中式写字桌hercharmingsmallroundpinkface她迷人的小而圆的粉红脸蛋thosebeautifullittleoldChineseearthenvases那些漂亮小巧的中国古代花瓶二、副词的基本用法副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句话的词类，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。►Weshouldlistentoourteacherscarefully.我们应该认真听老师讲课。►Heisveryhappytoday.他今天非常高兴。►＂Whathappened?＂Iasked,ratherangrily.＂发生什么事情了？＂我相当生气地问。►Inspring,Icanseeflowerseverywhere.在春天，我到处都能看到花。不少副词同时也可用作介词或其它词类。►Haveyoureadthisbookbefore?（副词，作时间状语）你以前读过这本书吗？►Hewillarrivebeforeteno’clock.（介词，beforeteno’clock是介词短语，作时间状语）他将在10点钟前到达。副词的分类副词按词汇意义可分为：1.时间副词：today,early,soon,now,then,recently,still1）表示发生时间的副词：►It’sbeginningtorainnow!现在开始下雨了！2）表示频繁程度的副词，也称频度副词always,often,usually,sometimes,never,ever,hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实义动词之前。►Sheoftenchangeshermind.她常改变主意。3）还有一些其他表示时间的副词：►Hehasjusthadanoperation.他刚动过手术。2.地点副词：here,there,out,somewhere,abroad,home1）有不少表示地点的副词：►Sheisstudyingabroad.她在国外留学。2）还有一些部分与介词同形的副词。它们与介词同形，后跟宾语的是介词，否则是副词：①用作介词：Standup!起立！②用作副词：Acatclimbedupthetree.猫爬上了树。3）以where构成的副词也是地点副词：It’sthesameeverywhere.到处都一样。3.方式副词：well,fast,slowly,carefully,quickly1）英语中有大量方式副词，说明行为方式（回答how的问题）：►Howbeautifullyyourwifedances.你夫人舞跳得真美。2）还有相当多的副词，表示某些情绪：►Shesmiledgratefully.她感激的笑了笑。3）还有一些以-ly结尾的副词，表示动作发生的状况：►Heleftthetownsecretly.他悄然离开了这座城市。4.程度副词：very,much,enough,almost,rather,quite5.频度副词：always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never6.疑问副词：where,how,why7.否定副词：no,not,neither,nor8.其他副词：also,too,only考向二形容词、副词比较级和最高级的规则变化和不规则变化一形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则1.规则变化构成法原级比较级最高级单音节词末一般直接加­er和­estgreatgreatergreatest单音节词以­e结尾，只加­r和­stbravewidebraverwiderbravestwidest闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需先双写这个辅音字母，再加­er和­estbighotbiggerhotterbiggesthottest以辅音字母加­y结尾的词，先变­y为­i，再加­er和­esthappyhappierhappiest多音节词和少数双音节词在前面加more和mostdifficultexpensivemoredifficultmoreexpensivemostdifficultmostexpensive少数以­er，­ow结尾的双音节词，加­er和­estclevercleverercleverestnarrownarrowernarrowest注意：有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加­er和­est，又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词是：common,handsome,polite,quiet,wicked,pleasant,cruel,stupid,tired和以­ow，­er结尾的词。有些形容词没有程度可分，或形容词本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有：right（正确的），wrong（错误的），excellent（优秀的），possible（可能的），empty（空的），favorite（最爱的），perfect（完美的）等。2.不规则变化原级比较级最高级good,wellbetterbestbad,illworseworstmany,much许多的moremostlittlelessleastfarfarther距离远的farthest距离最远farfurther距离更远；程度更胜furthest距离最远；程度最深oldolder/elderoldest/eldest注意：elder不能与than连用，只能用作定语修饰名词，仅用于同辈之间的排行，即家庭成员的长幼关系，如：eldersister（姐姐），elderbrother（哥哥）考向三修饰比较级和最高级的标志词和相关句式一比较级和最高级的标志词（1）修饰形容词/副词比较级的词有：rather，much，still，even，far，byfar（后置），alot，alittle，agreatdeal，abit,any等。Thestudentsstudyevenharderthanbefore.学生们甚至比以前学习更努力了。ThebookisfarmoreinterestingthanthebooksIhaveeverread.这本书比我以前读的书有趣多了。（2）最高级可用byfar，almost，nearly，oneof及序数词修饰，表示程度或顺序。ThebridgebeingbuiltnowisbyfarthelongestacrosstheYellowRiver.目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的。（3）比较级+than...（比......更......）Herisesearlierthananyoneelseinhisclass.他比班里其他人都起得早。（4）less+than多音节或某些双音节的形容词或副词+than...（不如......）Thisbookislessamusingthanthatone.这本书不如那本书有趣。（5）the+比较级+of（两者中更......的）Heisthetallerofthetwoboys.他是两个男孩中较高的。（6）the+比较级+主语+谓语，the+比较级+主语+谓语（越......就越......）Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyou’llmake.你越认真，犯的错误就越少。易混点：the+最高级，副词最高级前通常不用the.OfallthemobilephonesIlikethisonebest.在所有手机中，我最喜欢这个。（7）“形容词/副词比较级＋and＋形容词/副词比较级”表示“越来越……”在“比较级＋and＋比较级”结构中，单音节形容词或副词用“形容词/副词­er＋and＋形容词/副词­er”结构，多音节形容词和副词常用“moreandmore＋形容词或副词原级”结构。Thingsaregettingbetterandbetterdaybyday.情况正在一天天好起来。It'sbecomingmoreandmoredifficulttofindarewardingjob.找一份令人满意的工作越来越困难了。（8）否定词与比较级连用表示最高级Ihaveneverheardabettervoice.我从来没有听过比这更好听的声音。易混点：（1）类似用法的结构：can't/couldn't...too＋adj./adv.＝can't/couldn't...＋adj./adv.＋enough表示“无论……也不为过”。（2）英语中有些词没有比较级，但仍可表示比较级的意思，通常与介词to连用，不与than共同使用，如：senior,junior,superior,inferior等。考向四倍数表达法Ais＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋BAis＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋BAis＋倍数＋the＋名词（size,length,height等）＋of＋BThe＋名词（size,length,height等）＋of＋Ais＋倍数＋that＋of＋BAis＋倍数＋what引导的名词性从句考向五形容词后缀、形容词变副词构词法一、名词、动词加上后缀构成形容词后缀示例名词+-yhealth-healthy;noise-noisy;leaf-leafy;sun-sunny;rain-rainy;snow-snowy名词+-fulpower-powerful;peace-peaceful;beauty-beautiful;wonder-wonderful;help-helpful;faith-faithful;shame-shameful;thank-thankful名词+-lesscare-careless;hope-hopeless;use-useless;wire-wireless名词+-icenergy-energetic;base-basic名词+-enwood-wooden；gold—golden;wool-woolen名词+-al/-ialnation-national；education—educational；nature—natural名词＋­ishfool-foolish;self-selfish;boy-boyish;child—childish名词＋­ousdanger-dangerous;courage-courageous;fame-famous名词＋­lyfriend-friendly;order-orderly;day-daily名词/动词＋­ableadvise-advisable;comfort-comfortable;value-valuable动词＋­iveact-active;impress-impressive二、常用形容词前缀前缀示例extra-超出，特别extraordinary非凡的；extra-large特大的anti-反；抗antinuclear反对使用核武的；anti-Japanesewar抗日战争un-不，非unable不能的；unhappy不快乐的in-不，非inactive不活动的；inconvenient不方便的im-不，非impossible不可能的；impolite不礼貌的ir-不，非irregular不规则的；irresponsible无责任感的il-不，非illegal非法的；illogical不合逻辑的non-不，非nonviolent非暴力的；nonprofit非盈利的三、形容词变副词规则情况构成示词一般情况加­lyquick—quickly，brave—bravely，immediate—immediately以辅音字母＋­y结尾将y改为i再加­lyeasy—easily,happy—happily，heavy—heavily,busy—busily以­le结尾去e加­ysimple—simply，gentle—gently，terrible-terribly以元音字母＋­e结尾去e加­lytrue—truly以­ll结尾只加­yfull—fully,dull—dully以­ic结尾加­allybasic—basically，scientific—scientifically易错易混点:以­ly结尾的形容词friendly友好的lovely可爱的lively精力充沛的 lonely孤独的weekly每周的daily每日的deadly致命的monthly每月的yearly每年的考向六易混易错形容词和副词既可作形容词又可作副词且有­ly表抽象概念（有­ly）的词情况形容词副词（抽象含义）deep深的Theholeisdeep.这个洞很深。深地；在深处Heworkeddeepintothenight.他工作到深夜。deeply深深地；深刻地Heisdeeplymoved.他被深深地打动了。wide宽阔的；宽的Theriveris10meterswide.关阔地；充分地Openyoureyeswide.睁大你的眼睛。widely广泛地Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.英语在世界上被普遍应用。high高的高；向高处Hejumpshigh.他跳的很高。highly高度地；非常Heishighlyspokenof.他被高度评价。close近的；亲密的；仔细的Heismyclosefriend.他是我关系很好的朋友。挨着；接近Standclosetothedoor.站的挨着门。closely密切地Listenclosely.仔细地听。2．有无­ly意义大不相同的副词eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(dead完全地，全然地bedeadasleep,deadly非常bedeadlytired))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(pretty相当beprettycertainthat...,prettily漂亮地beprettilydressed))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(late晚，迟arrivelate，comelate,lately最近；近来Ihaven'tseenhimlately.))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(hard努力地workhard,hardly几乎不Hehashardlyeatanything.))题型归纳一、单项选择1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）—DoyoulikeEnglish?—Yes.ButIthinkit’s________subjectofall.A．theeasiest B．themostdifficult C．themostinteresting D．themostboring2．（2023·江西南昌·南昌市八一中学校考模拟预测）—Guesswhat!ThefarmersmadeTian’anmenSquaremodelwithmillionsofcorns.—Wow!Therearealwaysmany________peoplearoundus!A．local B．creative C．tiny D．humorous3．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆一中校考三模）—WhydosomanypeoplelikeblindboxeslikePOPMART?—Ithinkit’sbecausepeoplewilleasilyget________aboutsomethinguncertain.A．excited B．bored C．relaxed D．worried4．（2023·重庆江北·校考三模）Asapostmaninalonelyvillage,Mr.Zhangthinkshisjob________becausehehelpsthevillagerskeepintouchwiththeirfamilies.A．comfortable B．terrible C．valuable D．possible5．（2023·福建·校联考三模）—Willeveryonetakepartintheconcerttonight?—I’mafraidnot.Jackwillbe________becauseheispreparingforhisspeech.A．nervous B．patient C．absent6．（2023·福建泉州·统考三模）—Shallwerunquicklytoescapewhenweareonfire?

—Ofcoursenot.It’ssaidtobeevenmore________todothat.A．dangerous B．delicious C．difficult7．（2023·江苏镇江·统考一模）Itis________ofthatmantowaitforalongtimeonsuchahotday.A．patient B．curious C．imaginative D．careful8．（2023·河北石家庄·校联考一模）—Areyougoingtogettoairportbybus?—I’drathertakeataxi.It’s________.A．quicker B．cheaper C．thequickest D．thecheapest9．（2023·湖北武汉·统考二模）—It’sreallyhardformetomakeachoice!—YoucanturntoMarieforhelp.She’salwaysa________thinker.A．fresh B．clear C．straight D．typical10．（2023·甘肃白银·统考二模）—Whatdoyouthinkoftheserviceofthisstore?—It’s________.Thewaitersarepatientwithcustomers.A．useful B．painful C．wonderful D．awful11．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州延安中学校考三模）Weshouldn’tdependonourparentstoomuch.It’s________forustomakeourowndecision.A．important B．impossible C．impatient12．（2023·福建厦门·统考模拟预测）—Wouldyouliketogobikeridingwithustonight?—It’sworthtrying,butmymomwill________disagree.A．properly B．probably C．perfectly13．（2023·福建泉州·模拟预测）—Sir,wouldyoumindspeakingmore__________?Ican’tfollowyou.—Ofcoursenot.A．slowly B．politely C．quickly14．（2023·重庆大渡口·统考一模）Thewaitersoftherestauranttreatpeople________.Theyalwaysservethemwithbigsmilesontheirfaces.A．wisely B．completely C．differently D．politely15．（2023·甘肃陇南·统考三模）AlicewatchedTVthewholeafternoon________tokilltheboringtime.A．simply B．suddenly C．differently D．quickly16．（2023·甘肃白银·统考二模）Emilyisakindgirl.Sheis________readytohelppeopleinneed.A．sometimes B．never C．hardly D．always17．（2023·吉林长春·统考一模）Myfathergetsupearlyeverymorning,soheis________lateforwork.A．often B．nearly C．never D．always18．（2023·安徽宿州·统考二模）—Look!How______itrains.I’mafraidwehavetoputofftheplanofcamping.—Whatapity!Hopeitwillbesunnysoon.A．quickly B．heavily C．greatly D．directly19．（2023·安徽安庆·安庆市第二中学校考二模）Thememberoftheteamjoinhandswitheachother,sotheworkgoeson________.A．poorly B．carelessly C．peacefully D．smoothly20．（2023·福建福州·模拟预测）Thepriceofoilismuch________thanbefore,somanypeoplegotoworkbybusinsteadofbycar.A．high B．higher C．thehighest21．（2023·吉林长春·吉林省第二实验学校校考二模）________yougettoknowaboutChineseculture,________youlovethismysteriouscountry.A．Thebetter,thebetter B．Themore,themoreC．Themoreseriously,themoreseriousD．Thelonger,thelonger22．（2023·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·统考三模）—Areyougoingtotheairportbybus?—I’drathertakeataxi.It’smuch________.A．quicker B．cheaper C．thequickest D．thecheapest23．（2023·重庆铜梁·重庆市巴川中学校校考二模）Homeis_______placewhereverwego.Asweknow,“Eastorwest,homeisthebest.”A．warm B．warmer C．thewarmer D．thewarmest24．（2023·上海黄浦·统考三模）Countrylifeisn’talwaysas________ascitylife,villagersthink.A．peaceful B．morepeaceful C．mostpeaceful D．themostpeaceful25．（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考三模）—HowdoyoulikeJason’sbooks?—Ithinktheyareinteresting.ThemoreIreadthem,________Ilikethem.A．themore B．theleast C．theless26．（2023·江西南昌·南昌市八一中学校考模拟预测）—We’redoingalottoprotectourenvironment,butit’snotenough!—Soweshouldtry________toprotectit.A．hard B．hardly C．hardest D．harder27．（2023·四川广元·统考一模）—Lucy,yourEnglishhasimprovedsomuch.Howdidyoudoit?—Nothingdifficult.The________youworkatit,themoreprogressyouwillmake.A．harder B．hard C．hardly D．morehardly28．（2023·湖南湘西·统考二模）—Doyouthinkrobotscandothingsas________asman?—Idon’tthinkso.A．well B．good C．better29．（2023·重庆綦江·校联考一模）—Whowillyoumiss________ofalltheteachersaftergraduation?—Myheadteacher,MissHuang.A．more B．thebest C．themost D．themore30．（2023·江西抚州·统考一模）Danielaskedthetaxidrivertodrivealittle________becausehehadtocatchthelasttrain.A．quickly B．morequickly C．themostquickly D．lessquickly二、语法选择（2023·陕西宝鸡·统考二模）Haveyoueverwonderedwhatittakestobeanastronaut?InOctober2022,theastronautScott___31___hisfantasticexperiencesinspacewithsomekids.Scottwasacceptedintotheastronauttrainingprogram___32___1996.Thenhelearnedtoflyaspaceplane.“Iworkedreallyhardonit,”hesaidabout___33___training.Hetookpartinfourspace___34___from1999to2016.Hisfirsttaskwasarepairtrip.Onhissecondtrip,hewasthetaskleader.In2011,hefinishedhisthirdtask.He___35___tosetoffona340-daytaskbytheSpaceEngineeringOffice.Itwasafive-monthstayontheInternationalSpaceStation.Itwouldbecomeoneof___36___tripsinspace.Themainpurposewastostudy___37___afteralongspaceflight（飞行）.Scottwenttospace.Hisbrother,Mark,stayedonEarth.Thenscientistswereable___38___them.Becausetheyaretwinsandhave___39___sameDNA．There’sstillalottolearnabouttheeffectsofspaceflightsonthebody.Andthere’salwaysworktobedoneinspace.Forthosekidswhowanttobecomeastronauts,Scotthassomeadvice.“Choosesomethingthatyoulike,”hesays,“because___40___youlikeit,you’lldobetteratit.”31．A．shares B．willshare C．shared D．issharing32．A．in B．at C．on D．of33．A．he B．his C．him D．himself34．A．skill B．skills C．task D．tasks35．A．chooses B．chose C．waschosen D．ischosen36．A．longer B．thelongest C．heavier D．theheaviest37．A．whatthehumanbodywouldbelike B．whatwouldthehumanbodybelikeC．howthehumanbodywouldbelike D．howwouldthehumanbodybelike38．A．invite B．toinvite C．compare D．tocompare39．A．/ B．the C．a D．an40．A．before B．unless C．if D．though真题感悟一、单项选择1．（2023·江苏南通·统考中考真题）—Lifeislikearoad.Itisn’talways________.—Ican’tagreemore.Soweshouldlearntodealwithallkindsofdifficulties.A．smooth B．silent C．serious D．special2．（2023·辽宁阜新·统考中考真题）—Timisanexcellentboy.Everyonelikeshim.—Yes,hisgrandparentsarevery________ofhim.A．proud B．funny C．excited D．afraid3．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题）—Didyougoonaschooltriplastweekend?—Yes.Wevisitedthesciencemuseum.Itwasreally________andallofusenjoyedourselves.A．interested B．boring C．interesting4．（2023·山东青岛·统考中考真题）Weshouldeat________fruitandvegetablestokeephealthy.A．free B．fresh C．soft D．sweet5．（2023·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）—AsfarasIknow,thehigh-speedrailwayfromShiyantoXi’anwillbefinishedsoon.—Yeah.Itwillbemore________forustotraveltoXi’an.A．dangerous B．difficult C．convenient D．traditional6．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）Jimcancarrytheheavyboxbecauseheismuch________thantheothersinhisclass.A．stronger B．thinner C．smaller D．weaker7．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）HuaHua—apandaatChengduGiantPandaBaseis________becauseofhercutelooks.A．popular B．public C．proper D．private8．（2023·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题）Parentsshouldteachtheirchildrentobehave________inpublic.A．properly B．clearly C．importantly D．widely9．（2023·山东东营·统考中考真题）Short-formvideoscan________catchpeople’seyes.That’sonereasonwhylotsofpeoplespendhoursonDouyin.A．easily B．widely C．luckily D．seriously10．（2022·青海·统考中考真题）PeopleinQinghaiareworkinghard.That’swhyQinghaiisdevelopingso________.A．regularly B．rapidly C．suddenly11．（2022·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）—Whatshouldwetakewhengoingbirdwatching?—You’dbettertakeapairofbinocularswhichwillhelpyouseemore________.A．quietly B．clearly C．politely D．seriously12．（2022·山东青岛·统考中考真题）Tom,youhaven’tchangedatall—youstilllook__________thesame.A．especially B．exactly C．possibly D．hardly13．（2022·湖北襄阳·统考中考真题）—HaveyoueverwatchedXiangyangFlower-DrumOpera?—No,never.Perhapsitshouldbeintroduced_________toyoungpeople.A．heavily B．cheaply C．widely D．nearly14．（2022·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）Ifyouwanttoborrowbooksfromtheschoollibrary,________forgetyourIDcard.A．always B．never C．sometimes D．hardly15．（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）Jennyisgoingtobuyapairofglassesbecauseshecan________seethingsclearlythesedays.A．already B．hardly C．well D．almost16．（2022·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）—Whydoyouhardlymakemistakes?—BecauseIdoeverythingvery_______.A．carelessly B．unluckily C．carefully D．comfortably17．（2022·山东菏泽·中考真题）—Whichteacherwillyoumissmostafterjuniorhighschool,Clara?—Mr.Lee.Heisalways________withmeinmathclass.A．careful B．patient C．busy18．（2022·广西贵港·统考中考真题）—Areyougoingtorideyourbiketothebeach?—Yes.It’s________ofall.A．convenient B．moreconvenient C．mostconvenient D．themostconvenient19．（2022·北京·统考中考真题）Aftertakingtennisclasses,Timismuch________thanlastyear.A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．thestrongest20．（2022·江苏徐州·统考中考真题）Todayismuch________thanyesterday.Nice!A．cool B．cooler C．coolest D．thecoolest21．（2022·黑龙江·统考中考真题）Ithinkswimmingisoneof_______sportsinourschool．A．popular B．morepopular C．themostpopular22．（2022·广西贺州·统考中考真题）Andydoesn’tlikejunkfoodatall,soshe________eatsit.A．often B．sometimes C．usually D．never23．（2022·天津·统考中考真题）Althoughhefailedmanytimes,he________gaveuphisdream.A．nearly B．never C．often D．always24．（2022·广西贵港·统考中考真题）Tinagetsupearlyeverymorning,sosheis________lateforschool.A．often B．always C．usually D．never25．Thesouptastes________becauseit’stoosalty.Iputsaltintoittoo________inahurry.A．terribly;carefully B．terrible;careful C．terrible;carelessly D．terribly;careless

►第14讲形容词、副词题型归纳一、单项选择1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）—DoyoulikeEnglish?—Yes.ButIthinkit’s________subjectofall.A．theeasiest B．themostdifficult C．themostinteresting D．themostboring【答案】B【详解】句意：——你喜欢英语吗？——是的。但我认为它是所有科目中最难的。考查形容词辨析。theeasiest最容易的；themostdifficult最困难的；themostinteresting最有趣的；themostboring最无聊的。由“But”可知，上下句意转折，说明虽然喜欢英语，但认为这门学科是最难的。故选B。2．（2023·江西南昌·南昌市八一中学校考模拟预测）—Guesswhat!ThefarmersmadeTian’anmenSquaremodelwithmillionsofcorns.—Wow!Therearealwaysmany________peoplearoundus!A．local B．creative C．tiny D．humorous【答案】B【详解】句意：——你猜怎么着！农民们用数百万个玉米做了天安门广场的模型。——哇！我们身边总有很多有创意的人！考查形容词词义辨析。local当地的；creative有创意的；tiny极小的；humorous幽默的。根据“ThefarmersmadeTian’anmenSquaremodelwithmillionsofcorns.”可知，用玉米做天安门广场模型的农民们是有创意的人。用creative修饰限定people。故选B。3．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆一中校考三模）—WhydosomanypeoplelikeblindboxeslikePOPMART?—Ithinkit’sbecausepeoplewilleasilyget________aboutsomethinguncertain.A．excited B．bored C．relaxed D．worried【答案】A【详解】句意：——为什么这么多人喜欢像POPMART这样的盲盒？——我认为这是因为人们很容易对不确定的东西感到兴奋。考查形容词辨析。excited兴奋的；bored无聊的；relaxed放松的；worried担忧的。根据“peoplelikeblindboxeslikePOPMART”和“somethinguncertain”可知，POPMART盲盒是不确定的东西，人们喜欢这类物品，说明人们容易对不确定的东西感到兴奋。故选A。4．（2023·重庆江北·校考三模）Asapostmaninalonelyvillage,Mr.Zhangthinkshisjob________becausehehelpsthevillagerskeepintouchwiththeirfamilies.A．comfortable B．terrible C．valuable D．possible【答案】C【详解】句意：作为一名偏远村庄的邮递员，张先生认为自己的工作很有价值，因为他帮助村民与家人保持联系。考查形容词辨析。comfortable舒服的；terrible糟糕的；valuable有价值的；possible可能的。根据“becausehehelpsthevillagerskeepintouchwiththeirfamilies.”可知他能帮助村民与家人保持联系，所以他认为他的工作很有价值。故选C。5．（2023·福建·校联考三模）—Willeveryonetakepartintheconcerttonight?—I’mafraidnot.Jackwillbe________becauseheispreparingforhisspeech.A．nervous B．patient C．absent【答案】C【详解】句意：——今晚的音乐会大家都会参加吗？——恐怕不会。Jack将缺席，因为他在准备演讲。考查形容词辨析。nervous紧张的；patient耐心的；absent缺席的。根据“becauseheispreparingforhisspeech”可知，杰克不会去，所以是缺席。故选C。6．（2023·福建泉州·统考三模）—Shallwerunquicklytoescapewhenweareonfire?

—Ofcoursenot.It’ssaidtobeevenmore________todothat.A．dangerous B．delicious C．difficult【答案】A【详解】句意：——当我们着火的时候，我们应该快速逃跑吗？——当然不。据说这样做更危险。考查形容词辨析。dangerous危险的；delicious美味的；difficult困难的。根据“Shallwerunquicklytoescapewhenweareonfire”及常识可知，着火的时候快速逃跑更危险，故选A。7．（2023·江苏镇江·统考一模）Itis________ofthatmantowaitforalongtimeonsuchahotday.A．patient B．curious C．imaginative D．careful【答案】A【详解】句意：那个人在这么热的天等了很长时间，真有耐心。考查形容词辨析。patient有耐心的；curious好奇的；imaginative有想象力的；careful小心的。根据“towaitforalongtimeonsuchahotday”可知那个人很有耐心。故选A。8．（2023·河北石家庄·校联考一模）—Areyougoingtogettoairportbybus?—I’drathertakeataxi.It’s________.A．quicker B．cheaper C．thequickest D．thecheapest【答案】A【详解】句意：——你要坐公共汽车去机场吗?——我宁愿坐出租车。它更快一些。考查形容词词义辨析及比较级。quicker更快；cheaper更便宜；thequickest最快；thecheapest最便宜。根据题干可知，是“bybus”和“takeataxi”作比较，应用比较级形式；又根据“I’drathertakeataxi.”可知，这里指更快一些，故选A。9．（2023·湖北武汉·统考二模）—It’sreallyhardformetomakeachoice!—YoucanturntoMarieforhelp.She’salwaysa________thinker.A．fresh B．clear C．straight D．typical【答案】B【详解】句意：——我真的很难做出选择！——你可以向玛丽求助。她总是一个思维清晰的人。考查形容词辨析。fresh新鲜的；clear头脑清醒的，思维敏锐的；straight直率的；typical典型的。根据“YoucanturntoMarieforhelp.She’salwaysa...thinker”可知，应是因为玛丽头脑清晰，所以可以找她帮忙，故选B。10．（2023·甘肃白银·统考二模）—Whatdoyouthinkoftheserviceofthisstore?—It’s________.Thewaitersarepatientwithcustomers.A．useful B．painful C．wonderful D．awful【答案】C【详解】句意：——你觉得这家商店的服务怎么样？——非常棒。服务员对顾客很有耐心。考查形容词辨析。useful有用的；painful痛苦的；wonderful极好的；awful可怕的。根据“Thewaitersarepatientwithcustomers.”可知，这家商店的服务很好。故选C。11．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州延安中学校考三模）Weshouldn’tdependonourparentstoomuch.It’s________forustomakeourowndecision.A．important B．impossible C．impatient【答案】A【详解】句意：我们不应该太多地依赖父母。对我们来说，自己做决定是非常重要的。考查形容词。important重要的；impossible不可能的；impatient没有耐心的。根据“Weshouldn’tdependonourparentstoomuch.”可知，我们不应该太多依赖父母，因此自己做决定是很重要的，故选A。12．（2023·福建厦门·统考模拟预测）—Wouldyouliketogobikeridingwithustonight?—It’sworthtrying,butmymomwill________disagree.A．properly B．probably C．perfectly【答案】B【详解】句意：——今晚你愿意和我们一起去骑自行车吗？——值得一试，但我妈妈可能不同意。考查副词辨析。properly正确地；probably可能；perfectly完美地。结合“It’sworthtrying,butmymomwill...disagree.”和选项可知此处指我的妈妈可能不同意（我去骑自行车）。故选B。13．（2023·福建泉州·模拟预测）—Sir,wouldyoumindspeakingmore__________?Ican’tfollowyou.—Ofcoursenot.A．slowly B．politely C．quickly【答案】A【详解】句意：——先生，你介意说慢一点吗？我听不太懂。——当然不。考查副词词义辨析。slowly慢地；politely礼貌地；quickly快地。根据题干“Ican’tfollowyou.”可知，说话人跟不上对方，也就是听不太懂对方说的，按照常识应该是说得太快，故应希望对方说慢点。故选A。14．（2023·重庆大渡口·统考一模）Thewaitersoftherestauranttreatpeople________.Theyalwaysservethemwithbigsmilesontheirfaces.A．wisely B．completely C．differently D．politely【答案】D【详解】句意：这家餐馆的服务员礼貌待人。他们总是面带笑容为他们服务。考查副词辨析。wisely明智地；completely完全地，彻底地；differently不同地；politely礼貌地。根据“Theyalwaysservethemwithbigsmilesontheirfaces.”可知，总是面带笑容地为他们服务，所以应该是很有礼貌，故选D。15．（2023·甘肃陇南·统考三模）AlicewatchedTVthewholeafternoon________tokilltheboringtime.A．simply B．suddenly C．differently D．quickly【答案】A【详解】句意：爱丽丝整个下午都在看电视，只是为了打发无聊的时间。考查副词辨析。simply仅仅；suddenly突然；differently不同地；quickly快速地。根据“AlicewatchedTVthewholeafternoon...tokilltheboringtime.”可知一下午都看电视，仅仅是为了打发时间。故选A。16．（2023·甘肃白银·统考二模）Emilyisakindgirl.Sheis________readytohelppeopleinneed.A．sometimes B．never C．hardly D．always【答案】D【详解】句意：埃米莉是个善良的女孩。她总是乐于帮助有需要的人。考查副词辨析。sometimes有时；never从不；hardly几乎不；always总是。根据“Emilyisakindgirl.”可知，埃米莉很善良，总是乐于帮助他人。故选D。17．（2023·吉林长春·统考一模）Myfathergetsupearlyeverymorning,soheis________lateforwork.A．often B．nearly C．never D．always【答案】C【详解】句意：我爸爸早晨起得很早，所以他上班从来不迟到。考查副词辨析。often经常；nearly几乎；never从不；always总是。根据“Myfathergetsupearlyeverymorning,”可知，爸爸从不迟到。故选C。18．（2023·安徽宿州·统考二模）—Look!How______itrains.I’mafraidwehavetoputofftheplanofcamping.—Whatapity!Hopeitwillbesunnysoon.A．quickly B．heavily C．greatly D．directly【答案】B【详解】句意：——看！雨下得有多大。恐怕我们不得不推迟露营的计划。——真遗憾！希望不久就会有晴天。考查副词辨析。quickly快速地；heavily大量地；greatly大大地；directly直接地。根据“itrains”可知表示“雨下得很大”，应用副词heavily修饰动词rains。故选B。19．（2023·安徽安庆·安庆市第二中学校考二模）Thememberoftheteamjoinhandswitheachother,sotheworkgoeson________.A．poorly B．carelessly C．peacefully D．smoothly【答案】D【详解】句意：这个团队成员携手合作，所以工作进行顺利。考查副词辨析。poorly贫穷地；carelessly粗心地；peacefully平静地；smoothly顺利地。根据“Thememberoftheteamjoinhandswitheachother”可知，因为团队成员的齐心协力，工作进展顺利。故选D。20．（2023·福建福州·模拟预测）Thepriceofoilismuch________thanbefore,somanypeoplegotoworkbybusinsteadofbycar.A．high B．higher C．thehighest【答案】B【详解】句意：油价比以前高多了，因此许多人乘公交上班而不开车。考查比较级。根据“than”可知此处用形容词的比较级。故选B。21．（2023·吉林长春·吉林省第二实验学校校考二模）________yougettoknowaboutChineseculture,________youlovethismysteriouscountry.A．Thebetter,thebetter B．Themore,themoreC．Themoreseriously,themoreseriou D．Thelonger,thelonger【答案】B【详解】句意：你对中国文化了解得越多，你就越爱这个神秘的国家。考查词汇辨析。better更好；more更（多）；moreseriously更认真地；moreserious更认真；longer长久的/地。本句是the+比较级...，the+比较级...“越……就越……”句型，结合常识及选项可知，应是了解的越多，就会越爱这个国家，其他选项不合语境，故选B。22．（2023·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·统考三模）—Areyougoingtotheairportbybus?—I’drathertakeataxi.It’smuch________.A．quicker B．cheaper C．thequickest D．thecheapest【答案】A【详解】句意：——你要坐公交车去机场吗？——我宁愿坐出租车。它快多了。考查形容词比较级和辨析。quicker更快；cheaper更便宜；thequickest最快；thecheapest最便宜。much修饰形容词比较级，根据常识可知，出租车更快。故选A。23．（2023·重庆铜梁·重庆市巴川中学校校考二模）Homeis_______placewhereverwego.Asweknow,“Eastorwest,homeisthebest.”A．warm B．warmer C．thewarmer D．thewarmest【答案】D【详解】句意：无论我们走到哪里，家都是最温暖的地方。众所周知，“金窝银窝不如自家的狗窝”。考查形容词的最高级。warm温暖的，形容词；warmer更温暖的，比较级；thewarmer错误表达；thewarmest最温暖的，最高级。根据“whereverwego”和“Eastorwest,homeisthebest”可知家是最好的，所以此处应使用形容词的最高级，故选D。24．（2023·上海黄浦·统考三模）Countrylifeisn’talwaysas________ascitylife,villagersthink.A．peaceful B．morepeaceful C．mostpeaceful D．themostpeaceful【答案】A【详解】句意：村民们认为，乡村生活并不总是像城市生活那样平静。考查比较级的用法。as...as“和……一样”，中间用形容词或副词的原级，故选A。25．（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考三模）—HowdoyoulikeJason’sbooks?—Ithinktheyareinteresting.ThemoreIreadthem,________Ilikethem.A．themore B．theleast C．theless【答案】A【详解】句意：——你觉得杰森的书怎么样？——我认为它们很有趣。我读得越多，就越喜欢。考查比较级。此处是“the+比较级，the+比较级”意为“越……越……”，排除B；根据“Ithinktheyareinteresting”可知，“我”认为它们很有趣，说明读得越多，就越喜欢。故选A。26．（2023·江西南昌·南昌市八一中学校考模拟预测）—We’redoingalottoprotectourenvironment,butit’snotenough!—Soweshouldtry________toprotectit.A．hard B．hardly C．hardest D．harder【答案】D【详解】句意：——我们做了很多来保护环境，但是还不够！——所以我们更应该努力地来保护它。考查副词的比较级。hard努力地；hardly几乎不；hardest最努力地；harder更努力地。根据“butit’snotenough”可知，现在为保护环境做的事情的程度与将来要做的程度进行对比。副词hard修饰动词try，两者比较用其比较级形式harder。故选D。27．（2023·四川广元·统考一模）—Lucy,yourEnglishhasimpr