Unit 1 应用文写作-单元话题人际关系写作典例剖析（原卷版）

Unit1Knowingme,knowingyou——人际关系专题02单元话题写作典例剖析、精练与创新拓展——应用文写作Part1写作指导——如何写有关改善人际关系的作文Part2单元话题经典例题赏析Part3单元话题作文写作精练Part4单元话题作文创新与拓展练习Part1写作指导——如何写有关改善人际关系的作文该话题以论说文为主。论说文是对事物提供解释与分析，表明观点的文章。它要求根据文字、图画、图表、数字等提供的信息进行描述、分析、议论。论说文写作要做到主旨清晰，即要有明确的中心思想并围绕其展开讨论，同时还应做到言之有理、条理分明、语言简练、逻辑性强。（一）论说文的类型论说文分为五个常见的类型：对立观点型、道理论证型、问题解决型、解释说明型、谚语型。（二）论说文的论点1．观点正确：论说文的首要条件就是观点要正确，观点错误将直接导致整篇文章的失败。2．中心论点要正确、鲜明、集中，不能含糊其辞。尽量使文章的开头能够“开门见山”，不要迂回曲折，以便让读者能很快知道文章的中心议题。（三）论说文的论据论说文的论据要有充分的说服力，紧扣论点，具有典型性或代表性。（四）论说文的常用论证方法论说文的常用论证方法有举例论证、类比或对比论证、引用论证。1．举例论证(1）可用表示顺序的示意词来突出每个实例。

first,

second,

third

the

first

thing

(

point

)

is

...,

the

second

thing

(

point

)

is

...,

the

third

thing

(

point

)

is

...first

of

all,

also,finally,

one

,

another

,

the

last

...(2）以事物的重要性来排列顺序，可使文章层次清楚，重点突出。常用示意词如下：

for

one

thing

,

also,the

worst

thing

is

...first

of

all

,

apart

from

that

,

the

most

important

is

...

for

one

thing

,

what’s

more

,

the

most

...

one

important

...,

more

importantly

,

the

most

important

...one

problem

,

another

problem,

the

most

serious

problem

...2．类比或对比论证比较通常是指对人或事物之间的相同点进行分析；对比通常侧重比较两者之间的不同点或分析同一事物的利与弊。（五）论说文常见的写作顺序提出问题（通常是主题句）→分析问题（围绕主题进行分析，可以举例、比较对比、提出理由）→评论、措施、建议或结论。Part2单元话题经典例题赏析（思路导航+核心词汇+一句多译+参考范文+进阶范文+亮点评析）你校某研究性学习小组正在开展关于“学生与家长、老师、同学之间的关系处理”的调查。请你就这一话题，按照下列要点写一篇英语短文：1．现状：关系处理总体情况较好，但仍存在一些问题(如与同学吵架、自我意识强、不听家长和老师的教育，甚至顶撞老师、家长等)。2．你个人的改进意见(至少两条)。注意：1)词数100左右；2)适当增加细节以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【思路导航】写作思路类型议论文话题人与社会——人际关系内容要点现状：关系处理总体情况较好，但仍存在一些问题建议：你个人的改进意见(至少两条)人称和时态人称：第一、三人称为主时态：一般过去时和一般现在时为主【核心词汇】与他人发生冲突2.与他人发生争吵

把．．搞砸4.让某人失望抱怨6.不同意，发生分歧7.

与...清楚、真诚地沟通8.一起努力化解矛盾

9.和某人进行面对面交谈10.与sb.发展良好的关系参考答案：1.haveconflicts

with

others

2.quarrelwith

others

3.make

a

mess

of

..4.let

sb

.

down5.complainabout/ofsb.6.disagree

with

/

be

in

disagreement

with7.communicate

with

...

clearly

and

honestly8.work

together

to

resolve

conflicts

9.haveaface­to­facetalkwithsb.10.developgoodrelationshipswithsb.【一句多译】最近我们学校的一个研究小组调查了学生与老师、父母间的关系。译法一：（主动语态）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________译法二：（被动语态）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________学生存在很多问题，比如，由于焦虑、学习压力容易发脾气。译法一：（含定语从句的复合句）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________译法二：（非谓语短语）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________他们有时会吵架，有时会不听家长、老师的话，有时甚至会和他们顶嘴。译法一：（并列句）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________译法二：（notonly...butalso倒装句）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________我建议我们应该换位思考整件事情。译法一：（it作形式主语）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________译法二：（suggest的虚拟语气）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：译法一：（主动语态）Recently,theresearchstudygroupinourschoolhasmadeasurveyabouttherelationshipbetweenstudentsandteachers,familymembersorclassmates.译法二：（被动语态）Asurveyabouttherelationshipbetweenstudentsandteachers,familymembersorclassmatesisbeingmadebyaresearchstudygroupofourschool.译法一：（含定语从句的复合句）Thereexistsomeproblemsforsomestudents,whichcoverthattheyareeasytolosetheirtemperbecauseofanxietyandstudyburden.译法二：（非谓语短语）Thereexistsomeproblemsforsomestudents,includingbeingeasytolosetheirtemperbecauseofanxietyandstudyburden.译法一：（并列句）Theysometimesquarrelwithothers,andevendon’tlistentotheirparentsandteachersandspeakagainstthem.译法二：（notonly...butalso倒装句）Notonlydotheysometimesquarrelwithothers,butalsoturnadeafeartotheirparentsandteachersandevenspeakagainstthem.Howdiscouragingitis!译法一：（it作形式主语）Itisagoodideatoputourselvesintoothers’shoestoreflectonthewholeissue.译法二：（suggest的虚拟语气）Isuggestthatweshouldputourselvesintoothers’shoestoreflectonthewholeissue,【参考范文】Recently,theresearchstudygroupinourschoolhasmadeasurveyabouttherelationshipbetweenstudentsandteachers,familymembersorclassmates.Generallyspeaking,wearegettingonwellwitheachother.However,thereexistsomeproblems.Somestudentsaretooself-centered.What’sworse,theysometimesquarrelwithothers,andevendon’tlistentotheirparentsandteachersandspeakagainsttheirparentsandteachers.Inmyopinion,wemiddleschoolstudentsshouldmakeoureffortstoimprovethesituation.First,weshouldrespectourparentsandteachersaswellasourclassmates.Second,whenwearenotfeelinghappy,wecanhaveaheart-to-heartchatwithourfriendsorteachersorevenparents.Itislikelythattheycanunderstandusbetterandgiveussomereasonableadvice.【进阶范文】Asurveyabouttherelationshipbetweenstudentsandteachers,familymembersorclassmatesisbeingmadebyaresearchstudygroupofourschool.Generallyspeaking,weareongoodtermswitheachother.However,thereexistsomeproblemsforsomestudents,includingbeingeasytolosetheirtemperbecauseofanxietyandstudyburden.What’sworse,notonlydotheysometimesquarrelwithothers,butalsoturnadeafeartotheirparentsandteachersandevenspeakagainstthem.Howdiscouragingitis!Inmyopinion,itisagoodideatoputourselvesintoothers’shoestoreflectonthewholeissue,whichwillallowustothinkoftheissuefromother'sperspective.Besides,weshouldrealizetherelationshipbetweenpeopleshouldbefilledwithlove,care,understanding,andrespect,sowecanexchangeideasfreelyandgetalongwellwitheachother.【亮点词汇】1.makeasurvey做调查2.beongoodtermswith与...关系好3.loseone’stemper发脾气4.studyburden学习负担5.quarrelwith吵架6.turnadeafearto充耳不闻7.speakagainst反对8.putoneselfintoothers’shoes换位思考9.reflecton反思10.exchangeideasfreely自由交换想法【亮点句型】However,thereexistsomeproblemsforsomestudents,includingbeingeasytolosetheirtemperbecauseofanxietyandstudyburden.（现在分词做状语）What’sworse,notonlydotheysometimesquarrelwithothers,butalsoturnadeafeartotheirparentsandteachersandevenspeakagainsttheirparentsandteachers.（notonly...butalso倒装句）Howdiscouragingitis!（感叹句）itisagoodideatoputourselvesintoothers’shoestoreflectonthewholeissue,whichwillallowustothinkoftheissuefromother'sperspective.（which引导非限制性定语从句）Part3单元话题作文写作精练（思路导航+核心词汇+一句多译+参考范文）Writing1在生活中发生冲突的原因有很多。假设你班同学李华缺乏谈话艺术，经常与同学发生争执，导致关系紧张，他觉得很痛苦。请你结合此事，并根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文，向学校英文杂志

New

Babel

专栏投稿。1.以李华的情况为例简要说明谈话艺术在人际关系中的重要性；2.说说谈话艺术，它通常包括：不以自我为中心、谨慎承诺．3.根据自己的经历或感想，提出你认为最重要的谈话技巧，并说明理由。注意：1）词数：120左右；2)适当增加细节以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【思路导航】写作思路类型议论文话题人与社会——人际关系内容要点___________________________________________________________________________________人称和时态人称：_____________________________时态：______________________________【核心词汇】1.

难以与他人相处2.感到迷茫和无助

3.与他人的冲突／争吵

4.（使）（关系）破裂5.把．．搞砸6.导致误解7.直接、礼貌地表达某人的想法

8.把某人当作自己的亲近的朋友9.向他们敞开胸怀10.加强联系【一句多译】我的一个同学李华，因为完全不懂谈话艺术，所以经常和别人发生冲突。(

a

complete

absence

of

)译法一：（含原因状语从句的复合句）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________译法二：（现在分词作结果状语）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．众所周知，交流是涉及说和听的双向的过程。(

involve

)译法一：（含主语从句的复合句）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________译法二：（含非限制性定语从句的复合句）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.换句话说，你可能暗示着你以自我为中心，这肯定会阻碍你与别人发展和谐的关系，(

be

self-

centered

)译法一：（并列句）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________译法二：（含非限制性定语从句的复合句）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.事实上，在高中直到我被选为班长时，我才认识到合作的重要性。译法一：（倒装句式）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________译法二：（强调句型）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【连句成篇】___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Writing2生活中冲突时有发生。假设你班同学苏华和李江打篮球时发生争执，导致关系紧张。请你结合此事，并根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文，向学校英文报“

Happy

Teens

”专栏投稿。1.简要描述事情的经过:打篮球、碰撞、争执，等等；2.分析发生冲突的原因:遇事不够冷静...；3.谈谈避免冲突的做法

（请考生根据自己的经历或感想，提出至少两种做法）。注意：1）对所有要点要逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译；2）词数80左右。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【思路导航】写作思路类型_______________话题人与社会——人际关系内容要点_________________2.__________________3.____________________人称和时态人称：__________________时态：____________________【核心词汇】与他人冲突2.与他人争吵

3..惹某人生气

4.

（使）（关系）破裂5.和某人起争执6.

害怕伤害别人的感情7.向道歉8.原谅某人（做）某事

9.学会妥协10.建立/增进友谊(或关系)【一句多译】日常生活中我们经常会和他人发生冲突。译法一：（无灵主语）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________译法二：（Occasionarequitecommon...）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.苏华和李江在抓球时撞到了对方。译法一：（含时间状语从句）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________译法二：（时间状语从句的省略形式）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.我们应该友善待人，这对构建和谐生活是非常重要的。译法一：（并列句）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________译法二：（非限制性定语从句）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.只有用这种方法我们才能与别人享有和谐的生活。译法一：（含条件状语从句）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________译法二：（倒装句）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【连句成篇】____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part4单元话题作文创新与拓展练习Writing1假如你是李华。某国际学生杂志邀请你在“国际交换生项目”专栏中分享