20-2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷Ⅰ)-英语试卷

第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Inaclassroom.B.Inahospital.C.Inamuseum.2.WhatdoesJackwanttodo?A.Takefitnessclasses.B.Buyapairofgymshoes.C.Changehisworkschedule.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whattodrink.B.Wheretomeet.C.Whentoleave.4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.C.Strangers.5.WhyisEmilymentionedintheconversation?A.Shemightwantaticket.B.Sheislookingfortheman.C.Shehasanextraticket.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.HowlongdidJamesrunhisbusiness?A.10years.B.13years.C.15years.7.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutJamessituation?A.Embarrassed.B.Concerned.C.Disappointed.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.WhathasKatesmotherdecidedtodo?A.Returntoschool.B.Changeherjob.C.Retirefromwork.9.WhatdidKatesmotherstudyatcollege?A.Oilpainting.B.Arthistory.C.Businessadministration.10.WhatisKatesattitudetowardhermothersdecision?A.Disapproving.B.Ambiguous.C.Understanding.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthemandoing?A.Chairingameeting.B.Hostingaradioprogram.C.Conductingajobinterview.12.WhatbenefitsMarymostinherjob?A.Herwidereading.B.Herleadersguidance.C.Herfriendshelp.13.WhowillMarytalkaboutnext?A.Herteacher.B.Herfather.C.Hermother.听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。14.Whydoesthemanseldomdoexercise?A.Helacksmotivation.B.Hehasaheartproblem.C.Heworksallthetime.15.WhatdoesJacobSattelmairprobablydo?A.Hesanathlete.B.Hesaresearcher.C.Hesajournalist.16.Whydoesthewomanspeakofastudy?A.Toencouragetheman.B.Torecommendanexercise.C.Tosupportherfindings.17.Howmuchtimewillthemanprobablyspendexercisingweekly?A.300minutes.B.150minutes.C.75minutes.听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18.Whatdidthescientistsdototheroad?A.Theyrepairedit.B.Theypaintedit.C.Theyblockedit.19.Whyareyoungbirdsdrawntotheroadsurface?A.Itswarm.B.Itsbrown.C.Itssmooth.20.Whatisthepurposeofthescientistsexperiment?A.Tokeepthebirdsthereforawholeyear.B.Tohelpstudentsstudythebirdswell.C.Topreventthebirdsfrombeingkilled.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。ANeedaJobThisSummer?Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.Notastudent?Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.JobsforYouthIfyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible(符合条件)forthisprogram,whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.Whoiseligible:Youth15-18yearsoldinselectcommunities(社区).SummerCompanySummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15-29,returningtoschoolinthefall.StewardshipYouthRangerProgramYoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.SummerEmploymentOpportunities(机会)ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandcommunitygroups.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.21.WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?A.Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.B.Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.C.Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.D.Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.22.WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?A.15-18. B.15-24.C.15-29. D.16-17.23.Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?A.JobsforYouth. B.SummerCompany.C.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram. D.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.BForCanaanElementaryssecondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.,todayisspeechday,andrightnowitsChrisPalaezsturn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.Buthesnervous.“Imheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould...should...”Christripsonthe“-ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.“...Votefor...me...”Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstartedlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls(回想起)howatthebeginningoftheyear,whencalledupontoread,Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.“Ittakesalotforanystudent,”Whaleyexplains,“especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage,tofeelconfidentenoughtosay,‘Idontknow,butIwanttoknow.’”Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.“Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays,“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”24.WhatmadeChrisnervous?A.Tellingastory. B.Makingaspeech.C.Takingatest. D.Answeringaquestion.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles”inparagraph2referto?A.Improperpauses. B.Badmanners.C.Spellingmistakes. D.Sillyjokes.26.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaleysprojectisto.

A.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengthsB.assessstudentspublicspeakingskillsC.preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsD.inspirestudentsloveforpolitics27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?A.Humorous. B.Ambitious.C.Caring. D.Demanding.CAsdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物测量)technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(装置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(节奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauserstypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeoplesidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputeritsconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.Italsodoesntrequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearentalreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.28.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?A.Toreducepressureonkeys.B.Toimproveaccuracyintyping.C.Toreplacethepasswordsystem.D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.29.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?A.Computersaremucheasiertooperate.B.Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.C.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.D.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.30.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?A.Itllbeenvironment-friendly.B.Itllreachconsumerssoon.C.Itllbemadeofplastics.D.Itllhelpspeeduptyping.31.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary. B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel. D.Amagazine.DDuringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool(小学),Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikablesplays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thentheresthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinsteinsstudiesshowunpleasantconsequences.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool,are“mostlikelytoengage(从事)indangerousandriskybehavior”.Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoringtheleastliked,themostlikedandthehighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys(调查研究).“Wefoundthattheleastwell-likedteenshadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus.”Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplaydate—sharing,kindness,openness—carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateandconnectwithothers.Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch,Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion:Notonlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too.“Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesforlearningandfornewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebodygainanadvantage,”hesaid.32.Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschool?A.Unkind. B.Lonely.C.Generous. D.Cool.33.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theclassificationofthepopular.B.Thecharacteristicsofadolescents.C.Theimportanceofinterpersonalskills.D.Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior.34.WhatdidDr.Prinsteinsstudyfindaboutthemostlikedkids?A.Theyappearedtobeaggressive.B.Theytendedtobemoreadaptable.C.Theyenjoyedthehigheststatus.D.Theyperformedwellacademically.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BeNice—YouWontFinishLastB.TheHighertheStatus,theBetterC.BetheBest—YouCanMakeItD.MoreSelf-Control,LessAggressiveness第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair”.36.Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.

37.Iftheairyourebreathingisclean—whichitwouldbeifyoureawayfromthesmogofcities—thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles(肌肉)andyourbrain.

Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing(治愈).38.Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermood(情绪).Greeneryisgoodforus.Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.39.Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.

40.Whilethesunsrayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialVitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughVitaminD—butstillprotectyourskin—putonsunscreenrightasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthatsplentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbadaysworthofVitaminD.

A.Freshaircleansourlungs.B.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?C.Beinginnaturerefreshesus.D.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.E.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?F.Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociatefreshairwithhealthcare.G.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.They41withthemlotsofwaste.The42mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.Theglaciers(冰川)aredisappearing,changingthe43ofKilimanjaro.

Hearingthesestories,Im44abouttheplace—otherdestinationsaredescribedas“purer”naturalexperiences.

However,Isoon45thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof46amongtonsofrubbish.Ifinda47mountain,withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.Theenvironmentalchallengesare48buttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobe49.

ThebestofaKilimanjaro50,inmyopinion,isntreachingthetop.Mountainsare51asspiritualplacesbymanycultures.This52isespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas53gothroughfiveecosystems(生态系统)inthespaceofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3,000meters,54landsoflowgrowingplants.Furtherup,theweather55—lowcloudsenvelopethemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.I56twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.Above4,000metersisthehighland57:gravel(砾石),stonesandrocks.58youclimbintoanarctic-likezonewith59snowandtheglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.

DoesKilimanjaro60itsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?Ifoundtheoppositetobetrue.

41.A.keepB.mixC.connectD.bring42.A.stories B.buildingsC.crowds D.reporters43.A.position B.age C.face D.name44.A.silent B.skepticalC.serious D.crazy45.A.discover B.argue C.decide D.advocate46.A.equipment B.grassC.camps D.stones47.A.remote B.quiet C.tall D.clean48.A.new B.special C.significant D.necessary49.A.payingoff B.spreadingoutC.blowingup D.fadingaway50.A.atmosphere B.experienceC.experiment D.sight51.A.studied B.observedC.explored D.regarded52.A.view B.quality C.reason D.purpose53.A.scientists B.climbers C.locals D.officials54.A.holdingonto B.goingbacktoC.livingupto D.givingwayto55.A.changes B.clears C.improves D.permits56.A.match B.imagine C.count D.add57.A.village B.desert C.road D.lake58.A.Obviously B.EasilyC.Consequently D.Finally59.A.permanent B.little C.fresh D.artificial60.A.enjoy B.deserve C.save D.acquire第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence61.theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62.(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.

Modernmethods63.trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive64.(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut65.(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa66.(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby67.(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsare68.(high)thantheyactuallyare.Of69.nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six70.(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.

第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Ibecameinterestinginplayingfootballthankstoasmallaccident.OneafternoonwhereIwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplayground.Suddenlyfootballfelljustinfrontofmebutalmosthitme.Istoppedtheballandkickedithardlybacktotheplayground.Toeveryonessurprising,theballwentintothenet.Allthefootballplayerontheplaygroundcheeredloudly,saythatIhadatalentforfootball.Fromnowon,Istartedtoplaymyfootballwithclassmatesafterschool.Iamagoodplayernow.第二节书面表达(满分25分)假定你是李华,暑期在伦敦学习,得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请做志愿者,内容包括:1.写信目的;2.个人优势;3.能做的事情。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.结束语已为你写好。

●202019年英语(全国卷Ⅰ)听力部分答案:1~5BABCA6~10CBACC11~15BACAB 16~20ACBAC阅读理解第一节【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个为青年人提供夏季就业岗位的项目及申请条件等。21.B细节理解题。根据SummerCompany部分第一句“SummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.”可知,SummerCompany的特别之处在于它为创业者提供奖金。故选B项。22.D细节理解题。根据StewardshipYouthRangerProgram部分第二句“Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.”可知,StewardshipYouthRangerProgram需要年龄在16至17岁之间。故选D项。23.D细节理解题。根据SummerEmploymentOpportunities部分最后一句“Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.”可知,SummerEmploymentOpportunities这一项目对残疾人有利。故选D项。【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了纽约州帕奇格的迦南小学二年级教师ThomasWhaley在班里开展“总统竞选演讲”项目,以帮助学生树立自信。24.B细节理解题。根据第一段及第二段第一句“Buthesnervous.”可知,尽管Chris是班上爱开玩笑的人,但在全班同学面前公开演讲他还是感到紧张。故选B项。25.A词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“‘...Votefor...me...’Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.”可知,除了演讲过程中的一些不恰当的停顿(Improperpauses)之外,Chris还是完成得相当不错。故选A项。26.A推理判断题。根据第五段及第六段中的“...isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”可以推知,Whaley之所以在班里开展“总统竞选演讲”项目,目的是帮助学生看到自己的长处,找到自信。故选A项。27.C推理判断题。纵观全文,尤其是第二段中的“Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.”可以看出,Chris演讲时,Whaley在身旁默默地鼓励他;当初学语言时,Whaley允许学生犯错,让学生有勇气面对自身的不足之处,且渴望去探索,并鼓励不自信的学生们夸赞自身的好品质。由此推知,作为教师,Whaley对学生关怀备至(Caring)。故选C项。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了佐治亚理工学院的研究者们新开发了一种键盘,它能根据用户打字模式准确识别出使用者。28.D细节理解题。根据第一段描述及第二段第一句“ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevicethatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.”可知,研究者研发了智能键盘是为了降低电子空间保护的成本。故选D项。29.C细节理解题。根据第二段第四、五句“Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeoplesidentities...”可知,正是由于每个用户都有自己独特的敲打键盘的模式,才使得研发智能键盘用以识别用户身份成为可能。故选C项。30.B细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.”可知,研究者们希望这种智能键盘在不久的将来能够面世,供消费者使用。故选B项。31.D文章出处题。通读全文可知,作者客观介绍了佐治亚理工学院的研究者们新开发了一种键盘,它能根据用户打字模式准确识别出使用者。键盘使用常见的廉价材料,因此在成本和耐用性上都有很强竞争力,不久有望可以投入市场。故选D项。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了赢得欢迎度的两种类型及这两种类型对日后生活和成功的影响。结果表明,与人为善,人缘不会差。32.C细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句“Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool,Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.”可知,在小学阶段,作者是一个慷慨大方的姑娘,人缘很好。故选C项。33.A段落大意题。根据第二段第二句“MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.”可知,本段主要论述人气的分类:讨人喜爱型与追求地位型。故选A项。34.B推理判断题。根据第五、六段可知,乐于分享、仁慈善意、开放心态能够使人更好地建立人脉。讨人喜欢不仅与积极的生活体验相关,而且与人生的成功和幸福相关。受欢迎的孩子能为未来的人生际遇创造机会。他们更能适应未来的生存挑战。故选B项。35.A主旨大意题。本文分别讲了受欢迎的两种类型可能在社会长远生活中产生的影响。因追求权力和地位而惹人喜爱的人与最不受欢迎的人相仿,他们更倾向于采取冒险举动。因此这种类型更容易给人的发展带来负面影响。最后证实最受欢迎的人能对日后长远生活带来的好处。由此推知,我们要做一个受欢迎的人,这样你在社会交往中不会表现不佳。故选A项。第二节【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章论述了呼吸新鲜空气对身体健康的重要性。36.E本题考查过渡句。根据空格后面的“theanswerisabigYES”可知该空是一个疑问句,因此答案锁定在B项和E项之间。句意:我们一直听着人们说“出门呼吸一下新鲜空气”长大,但是新鲜空气真的有你妈妈一直说的那么有益吗?根据最近的研究,如果在你露营的区域空气质量好的话,答案是肯定的。故选E项。37.A本题考查主旨句。这一空出现在第二段段首,是全段的总起句,后文说到如果空气干净,那么空气中就会充满有活力的氧气,会有更多的氧气输送到肌肉和大脑中,氧气是由肺部吸入的,因此A项中的“lungs”与此段话吻合,故选A项。38.G本题考查细节句。本段第一句属于总起句,表明新鲜空气对治疗病人有帮助。G项中的“recoverycenters”以及“HealingGardens”对应该空前面的“healing”和该空后面的“recovery”。39.C本题考查总结句。第三段讲的是亲近自然对身体的好处,且后一句话主语是It,C项中的主语“Beinginnature”与之相对应。40.D本题考查主旨句。第四段讲述空气新鲜的地方阳光更充足。D项中的“sunlight”对应本段中的“thesunsrays”。语言知识运用第一节【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了由于人满为患、乱扔垃圾,作者担心乞力马扎罗山的美名名不副实。可喜的是,当地政府的努力有了回报,山脉生态在慢慢恢复之中。41.D由上文“每年大约有四万人试图攀爬乞力马扎罗山”和下文“或许会破坏它的美感”可知,众多的登山者带来了许多垃圾。“bringwith”意为“带来”。故选D项。42.C由上文可知,每年约四万人攀爬乞力马扎罗山,拥挤的人群(及所带来的垃圾)或许会影响它的美感。crowds“拥挤的人群”。故选C项。43.C由上文可知,此处表示冰川正在消融,改变着乞力马扎罗山的面貌。face“面貌”;position“位置”;age“年龄”;name“名字”。故选C项。44.B根据上文讲述的乞力马扎罗山的气候环境变化和下文的“其他旅游景点被描述得更加纯净天然”可知,此处意为听完这些故事,“我”对乞力马扎罗山的自然美景持怀疑态度。skeptical“怀疑的”;silent“沉默的”;serious“严肃的”;crazy“疯狂的”。故选B项。45.A根据句首“However”表示转折可知,与前面的描述不同,作者不久发现了乞力马扎罗山的美,故选A项。discover“发现”;argue“争论”;decide“决定”;advocate“拥护”。46.C此处指的是自从乞力马扎罗山上营地周围成吨垃圾的报道后,情况发生了许多变化。下文又接着讲述作者在营地和道路上看到了厕所,由此推知,上文中提到的报道指的是以前的营地是坐落在垃圾堆中的,现在干净了许多。camp“营地”;equipment“装备”;grass“草”;stone“石头”。故选C项。47.D本句提到作者在营地和道路旁边看到了许多厕所,与在报道中出现的垃圾堆中的营地截然不同,干净卫生。故选D项。48.C前文提到了作者担心乞力马扎罗山面临的严峻的环境问题会毁坏它在人们心目中的美的形象。此处指的是面临的环境考验是很重要的(significant)。故选C项。49.A本句but表示转折关系,虽然环境面临着考验,坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局做出的努力似乎挺奏效。payoff“成功;奏效;达到目的”;spreadout“展开;铺开”;blowup“爆炸”;fadeaway“逐渐消失”。故选A项。50.B由上文第二段中的“...otherdestinationsaredescribedas‘purer’naturalexperiences.”可知此空填experience。句意:在我看来,攀登乞力马扎罗山的最佳体验并不仅仅在于到达顶峰。51.D由下文可知,乞力马扎罗山的很多山脉被许多文化视为精神家园。beregardedas...“被视为……”。故选D项。52.A本句进一步解释上句内容,为什么乞力马扎罗山的很多山脉被许多文化视为精神家园。随着人们在几千米的空间内穿过五种生态系统,这种“观点”尤其明显。故选A项。53.B此处指攀登者可以在几千米的空间内穿过五种生态系统。故选B项。climber“攀登者”;scientist“科学家”;local“当地人,本地人”;official“官员”。54.D上文讲到山脚处是雨林,它在3000米的地方突然结束。“让位”给矮生植物。故选D项。givewayto“给……让位”;holdonto“坚持”;gobackto“返回”;liveupto“达到”。55.A由上文可知,有五种生态系统,所以再往上气候又有变化。故选A项。56.C由上文可知,低云压山,茂密的草丛覆盖着山腰,本句则为从作者所站之处望去可以数到12种浓淡深浅的绿色。故选C项。57.B此处指的是4000米以上为高原沙漠环境。根据下文的砾石、石头和岩石可知为类沙漠环境的描述。desert“沙漠”;village“村庄”;road“道路”;lake“湖泊”。故选B项。58.D由上文可知,作者已经讲了四种生态系统:rainforest,lowgrowingplants,thickgrass,highlanddesert,还有最后的也是最冷的arctic-likezone(类北极地带),故选D项。59.A本句意为“类北极地带上方有永久的积雪和冰川,但它们可能不久后会融化”。permanent“永久的”;little“小的”;fresh“新鲜的”;artificial“人造的”。故选A项。60.B文章最后作者发出感慨:一个人满为患,破坏了原有宁静的乞力马扎罗山还能名副其实吗?“我”发现恰恰相反。故选B项。第二节【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由于居住范围广,监测费用高等因素,北极熊的数量难以准确估算,生物学家们对此持谨慎乐观的态度。61.that考查连接词。该空前后均为句子,且空格后面的句子是对空格前面的名词evidence的内容的解释说明,由此判断该空为同位语从句的引导词,表示陈述语气,故填that。【技巧点拨】析成分,定连接词语法填空对名词性从句的考查主要集中在连接词上面。由于名词性从句的连接词除了连接主从句外,还在句中做一定的成分。因此,作答时首先要判断名词性从句的种类,然后判断从句缺少什么成分。如果缺少主语、宾语或表语,要用what(指人时用who),缺少状语,则用when,where,why,how等。62.poorly考查副词。该空前后部分均为谓语成分hasbeenstudied,用副词修饰谓语部分,故填poorly。63.of/for考查介词。该空前面为名词methods,后面为动词-ing形式tracking,故应填介词。用of表示所属关系,也可填介词for。64.toperform考查非谓语动词。该空所在分句已有谓语动词are,故应填动词的非谓语形式。根据“be+adj.+todo”结构可知,应填toperform。65.havereported考查动词的时态。本句的时间状语为inrecentyears,是现在完成时的标志。根据语境,主语Inuitpeople与report之间为主动关系,且people为复数形式,故填havereported。66.belief考查名词。该空前面有冠词a,应填名词,故填belief。67.noting考查非谓语动词。该空前面为介词by,应填动词-ing形式,且scientists与note之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故填noting。68.higher考查形容词的比较级。该空后面有than,应填形容词的比较级形式,故填higher。69.the考查冠词。该空后面为名词短语,根据语境及空格前的of可知