2025届湖南省长郡中学高三上学期期末适应性考试（暨长沙市统考模拟）英语试题 含解析

长郡中学2025届高三期末适应性考试英语本试题卷共10页。时量120分钟，满分150分。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhydoesJohncometoNancy?A.Toaskquestions. B.Toborrowreferencebooks. C.Tohandinhisessay【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Haveyoufinishedthehistoryessay,Nancy?Ihaveafewquestionsonit.Icanonlysolvethemwithreferencetoothers.W:I’vedoneitundertheguidanceofthelecturer.Feelfreetoask,John.I’lltellyoueverythingthatIknow.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whereistheman’senvelopenow?A.Inhisroom. B.Atthepostoffice. C.Atthefrontdesk【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hasanyoneleftapackageforme?W:Yes,thepostmansentalargeenvelopetoyou.Ileaveitatthefrontdesk.Doyouwantmetosendituptoyourroom?M:I’llcomedownforit,thanks.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatwillRosiedonext?A.Readbooks. B.Enjoymusic C.Goshopping【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:I’vereturnedthebooksborrowedfromthelibraryanddonetheshopping.Isthereanythingspecialtodotoday?M:Howaboutgoingtotheconcertwithme,Rosie?I’vegottwotickets.W:That’swonderful!4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers. B.Co-workers. C.Driverandpassenger.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Doyouwanttoshareataxiintotown?W:Oh,sure.Bytheway,areyouhereonvacation?M:No,onbusiness.IworkinacomputerfirmW:Whatacoincidence!Iusedtoworkinacomputerfirmtoo.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Aplan. B.AnEnglishcourse. C.Anapplication.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:HaveyouusedHitalk?M:Yeah.Idownloadeditlastweek.It’sreallyeasytolearnEnglishwithit.W:Yes.Thisappbeginsbyusingtext,pictures,andvideosandhelpsusersmakeadetailedlearningplan.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whodoesthemanbuyagiftfor?A.Hissister. B.Hiscousin. C.Hismother7.Whatwillthemanbuy?A.Ahandbag. B.Ahandkerchief. C.Awatch.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】W:MayIhelpyou,sir?M:Yes,please.I’dliketopickapresentformyyoungersister.She’sgoingtoworkinChina.W:Byair?M:Yes.Somygiftshouldbequitelight.Whatdoyousuggest?W:Howaboutthishandbag?It’smadeoffineleather.M:Mycousinhasalreadygivenherone.Andshealsogotanewwatchfrommymother.I’dliketogivehersomethingunusual.W:Howaboutthisone?It’sprettyandpractical.M:Oh,asilkhandkerchief.That’sagreatidea.I’lltakeit.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhatdoesAlicelikebestabouthernewschool?A.Theteachers. B.Theenvironment. C.Thefood.9.WhatdoesAlice’snewschoollooklike?A.Itisinmodernstyle. B.Itiswellequipped C.Itisnewlybuilt.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】M:SoAlice,areyouhappyatyournewschool?W:Yeahofcourse.Itsenvironmentisnice.PeopletherearefriendlyandI’vemadealotofnewfriends.Oh,thebestaspectisthefood,whichissodelicious.M:That’swonderful.Howaboutyourstudy?W:I’mlearningseveralnewsubjectsthisyear.They’retough,butluckily,we’vegotlovelyteachersandthey’reexpertattheirsubject.M:Soundsgood.Itseemsthatyoureallylovethenewschool.W:Yeah.Andit’slarge,withasportsfield,amodernlibraryandallkindsofnewequipment.Thereisnowherelikethatatmyoldschool.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.WhatencouragedMrRoberstontogototheAntarctic?A.Atrainingcourse. B.Aprogram. C.Areport.11.WhatwasthebiggestdangeraccordingtoMrRoberston?A.Fallingintoiceholes. B.Losingtouchwithothers. C.Livinginextremetemperatures.12.Whatcausedthefunnynoise?A.Thewind. B.Theplane. C.Thedevice.13.WhatwasasurpriseforMrRoberstonandhiswife?A.Theycouldleaveearlier. B.Theygotsomefreshfood. C.Someonelivednearthem.【答案】10.C11.A12.B13.B【解析】【原文】W:Goodevening,MrRoberston.Welcometoourprogram.YouandyourwifespentthewholeoflastyearintheAntarctic.Whatgaveyoutheideaofdoingsuchathing?M:Isawanarticleinanewspaperaboutsomeonewhohadbeenthere.Bothofusgotinterested.W:Didn’tyoufeelworriedandlonely?M:Alittle,butbeforewewenttherewehadattendedatrainingcourse.Itwastoughbuttaughtusaboutsurvivinginsub-zeroconditions.Thegreatestdangerwefacedwasaccidentallyfallingintoholesinice.W:Couldyougetintouchwiththeoutsideworldthere?M:Therewassatellitecommunicationdevice.W:So,didn’tyouseeanyoneelseforawholeyear?Werethereanyunusualexperiences,MrRoberston?M:Well,onedaywhenwewerehavingthecannedfood,therewasfunnynoise.Mywifethoughtitwasthewindbutitwasgettingcloser.Suddenlytheroomwasfloodedwithlightthroughthewindow.Iopenedthedoorandfoundaboxinthesnow.Ilookedupandsawaplaneflyingaway.Theywerepassingnearbyandsomeonetoldthemthatwewerethere.Theydroppedaboxwithsomefreshfruitandvegetables.W:Itwasalovelysurprise.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.HowdoesEmilyfindherfirstsurfinglesson?A.Discouraging B.Unforgettable. C.Exciting.15.HowoldisEmily’sbrother?A.15. B.22 C.2516.WhatdoesMichealoffertodo?A.TeachEmilytosurf. B.GiveEmilyasurfboard. C.TalkwithEmily’sbrother.17.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.OnWednesday. B.OnFriday. C.OnSaturday.【答案】14.A15.C16.A17.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Emily!HowwasyourfirstsurfinglessononWednesday?W:Youshouldhavebeenthere,Micheal.Itwasunbelievable.Icouldn’tevenstanduponthesurfboard.M:Well,whotaughtyou?W:Mybrotherofferedtoteachme.M:That’sgood.Hemustbeagoodcoach.W:Notreally.Hestartedsurfingat15andgotaprofessionalcertificateat22.Nowhehasbeendoingthatfortenyears.I’dhavethoughthewouldbegoodatteachingotherstosurf,butIwastotallywrong!Mybrothermaybeanexcellentsurfer,butheisimpatientanddoesn’tmastersuitableteachingmethods.Soheisnotcutouttobeasurfinginstructor.M:Well,whydon’tyoucallmetogowithyounexttime?I’dbewillingtogiveitashot.Iknowathingortwoaboutsurfing.W:Thanks,butasfarasI’mconcerned,Idon’tthinkIwillpickupthesurfboardagain.Surfingisjusttoohardforme.M:Comeon,Emily.Tryagain.I’mfreethesetwodays.W:OK,butIjusthadaterribleexperiencethedaybeforeyesterday.Let’sdothattomorrow.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whatmakesthespeakerafrequentvisitortoteahouses?A.Theirtea. B.Theiratmosphere. C.Theirservice.19.Whathasthespeakerdoneintheteahouse?A.Settleanargument. B.LearnSichuanOpera. C.Talkaboutbusiness.20.Whydoesthespeakerthinkteahouseshavepowerfulsocialfunction?A.Peoplecanchatforadaythere.B.Theyhelppeoplemakeupfaster.C.Theyattractlike-mindedpeople.【答案】18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Thereisasaying,“ChinahasthebestteahousesintheworldandChengduhasthebestteahousesinChina.”AfterIcametoChengdu,Ioftengototheteahouse,becausetheatmosphereiscompletelydifferentfromthatinthecoffeeshopsinmycountry.EverytimeIentertheteahouse.thewaitersorwaitresseswillgreetmewithasmileontheirfacesandwithteapotsandcupsintheirhands.Peoplewhogotherearenotallthirsty,becauseteahousesarealsogoodplacesforbusinesstalk.I’veinvitedmybusinesspartnertomeetthere.Peoplehavepartiesthereattimes.Theyeatfruitandsunflowerseedswhilechatting.Someteahousesevenhavestagesforperformances,suchasstorytelling,crosstalkandSichuanOpera,whichholdpeople’sattention.Besides,like-mindedpeoplepayalittlemoneyandthencansittherealldaylongtochatwitheachother.Sometimeswhenagroupofpeoplehaveanargument,apeacekeeperwillbringthemtotheteahouse.It’sinterestingthatassoonastheangrypeoplesitdowntodrinktea,theyalmostcalmdown.Withthehelpofthepeacekeeper,theirproblemscanbeeasilysettled.Thepersonwhoiswrongwillpayfortheteaandthentheymakeitup.Thisconvincesmethatteahouseshavesomepowerfulsocialfunction.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFosterCityVillageisamembership-basednon-profitorganizationofneighborshelpingneighborsforanimprovedqualityoflife.Wearefueledbyvolunteerswhoenablehealthieragingforourmembersandpeaceofmindfortheirfamilies.Weworktowardshelpingolderadultstocontinuelivingjoyfullyintheirhomesandcommunitiesastheyage,byprovidingmobility,practicalassistance,easyaccesstoservices,socialconnectionsandeducationalopportunities.JoinUsforVolunteering!VolunteeringprovidesawonderfulwaytomeetnewpeopleandgainvaluableexperienceFosterCityVillagevolunteersincludemembers,theiradultchildren,collegestudentsandmanyothersfromourimmediatecommunities.Wedoeverythingwecantomakeyourvolunteertimemeaningful.Pleasenotethatallvolunteersmustbe18yearsofageorolder.Aspartofthereviewprocess,volunteerswillhavetheirbackgroundinvestigated,andforthosedriving,theyneedtohavetheirDMVdrivingrecordexaminedalongwithprovidingproofofautoinsurance.Pleaseindicateyourinterestinthevariousvolunteeropportunities.Oncewereceiveyourapplicationwewillcontactyoutodoabriefinterview,duringwhichwewillansweranyquestionsyoumighthaveandexplainnextarrangements.ChooseYourVolunteerOpportunities☐TransportationServices·Medical/hairappointments·Socialevents·Others(bankdrugstore,etc.)☐HandypersonServices·Replacelightbulbs,smoke·alarmbatteries,etc·Hangpictures☐HealthWellnessSupport·Phone“check-in”·Inpersonvisit“cheekin”☐In-HomeAssistance·Housecleaning·Appointmentscheduling·Gardening/indoorwatering☐SocialProgramsAssistance·Hostmonthlyevents,holidayparties,etc.☐VillageOperations·Raisefunds·SpreadthewordabouttheVillage·Designandmaintainthewebsite,socialmedia,etc.21.WhatisthemissionofFosterCityVillage?A.Trainingcommunityvolunteers. B.Offeringtheelderlycareservices.C.Improvingpeople’squalityoflife D.Buildingharmoniouscommunities22.Whatisnecessaryforbecomingavolunteer?A.Explainingvolunteeringplans. B.Gettingadriver’slicense.C.Acceptingabackgroundcheck. D.Havingrelevantexperience.23.Whichvolunteeropportunitymayattractthoseinterestedinpublicity?A.TransportationServices. B.HandypersonServices.C.SocialProgramsAssistance. D.VillageOperations.【答案】21.B22.C23.D【解析】【导语】本文是应用文，文章介绍了老人服务中心FosterCityVillage招募志愿者的相关事宜。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Weworktowardshelpingolderadultstocontinuelivingjoyfullyintheirhomesandcommunitiesastheyage,byprovidingmobility,practicalassistance,easyaccesstoservices,socialconnectionsandeducationalopportunities.(我们致力于通过提供流动性、实际援助、便捷的服务、社交联系和教育机会，帮助老年人在年老时继续在家里和社区快乐地生活。)”可知，FosterCityVillage致力于通过提供流动性，实际援助，轻松获得服务、社会联系和教育机会帮助老年人在年龄增长的同时继续在家中和社区中快乐地生活，即为老人提供养老服务。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据JoinUsforVolunteering!部分中的“Aspartofthereviewprocess,volunteerswillhavetheirbackgroundinvestigated(作为审查过程的一部分，志愿者的背景将受到调查)”可知，要成为志愿者，需要接受背景调查。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据ChooseYourVolunteerOpportunities部分的VillageOperations选项下有“SpreadthewordabouttheVillage(传播有关Village的信息)”这一工作，即宣传FosterCityVillage，因此对宣传推广感兴趣的人可能会被VillageOperations吸引。故选D。BManykidswhogrowupinbigcitieshavelotsofopportunitiestoexperiencesciencehands-on.Therearezoos,museumsandschoolfieldtrips.Butthoseconditionsaresometimesoutofreachforlower-incomechildren.Andinsomeruralareas,thoseopportunitiessimplydon’texistatall.DanSudranhastakenituponhimselftohelpclosethegap.Growingupagood,studiouskidinKansas,hefollowedtherulesandwenttocollege,thenlawschool.Buthewasconfused.“Icouldn’treallyfigureoutwhatIwasorwhatIwassupposedtobe,”Sudransays.Sudranfinallyhadhisanswerinhislate30s.Hestartedtakingapartelectronicsandcollectingmaterialsfromthebeach.Inschool,sciencehadheldnointerestforhimatall.Butoutintherealworld,itturnedouttobethethinghe’dbeenmissingallalong.“MylifebecomesbettersinceIgotintoscience,”Sudransays.Andthatinspiredhim.Whatifhecouldgivechildrenthesameexperiencehe’dwaited30yearstodiscover?SoSudrangotacollegetodonatesomespaceandequipment.Prettysoon,asmallnonprofitprojectcalledtheCommunityScienceWorkshopNetworkwasborn.Todaytherearesixworkshops,almostallinlow-incomeneighborhoodsaroundCalifornia.Oneoftheworkshopsisfilledwithstuff:microscopes,powertools,evenaturtleandasnake.There’snocurriculum,nothingtomemorizebuttoolstoplayandexperimentwith.Eighth-graderJoseVegaisworkinghardatbuildingarobotwhileEstebanEspinoza,6,isgettingtadpoles(蝌蚪)outofatanktoexaminethemunderamicroscope.Onegroupofkidsarespreadingoutonthefloor,tryingtofigureouthowtobuildahotairballoon.Sudran’sdream,hesays,istotakethismodelofquickhands-onscienceallovertheworld.Nextup,Sudranhopes,willbethesmallSouthernCaliforniadeserttownofCoachella.24.WhatcanweknowaboutDanSudranfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hemakesaclearplanforhislife. B.Hehadvastexperienceinfieldtrips.C.Hehasastrongsenseofresponsibility. D.Heshowedaninterestinscienceatschool.25.WhatgaveSudrantheideafortheCommunityScienceWorkshopNetwork?A.Hispursuitofbetterlife. B.Hispracticeofscience.C.Hisdreaminchildhood. D.Hisdevotiontoeducation.26.Whydoestheauthorlistexamplesinparagraph4?A.Toshowthefunctionoftheproject. B.Torevealthehistoryoftheproject.C.Tostresstheimportanceofscience. D.Torecordthegrowthofthestudents.27.WhatdoesSudrandecidetodonext?A.Becomeascienceteacher. B.Buildmorescienceworkshops.C.MovetodeserttownofCoachella. D.Findnewmodelsoflearningscience.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了DanSudran创建社区科学工作坊网络，为低收入社区和农村地区的孩子们提供亲手实践科学的机会。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Butthoseconditionsaresometimesoutofreachforlower-incomechildren.Andinsomeruralareas,thoseopportunitiessimplydon’texistatall.(但这些条件有时对低收入家庭的儿童来说是遥不可及的。在一些农村地区，这样的机会根本就不存在。)”和第二段“DanSudranhastakenituponhimselftohelpclosethegap.(DanSudran已经承担起帮助缩小这一差距的责任。)”可知，DanSudran很有责任心，想要帮助缩小城乡儿童在科学实践机会上的差距。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段下半部分“Hestartedtakingapartelectronicsandcollectingmaterialsfromthebeach.Inschool,sciencehadheldnointerestforhimatall.Butoutintherealworld,itturnedouttobethethinghe’dbeenmissingallalong.‘MylifebecomesbettersinceIgotintoscience,’Sudransays.(他开始拆解电子产品，并从海滩上收集材料。在学校里，他对科学根本不感兴趣。但在现实世界中，这正是他一直想念的东西。Sudran说：‘自从我进入科学领域，我的生活变得更好了’。)”和第三段中“Andthatinspiredhim.Whatifhecouldgivechildrenthesameexperiencehe’dwaited30yearstodiscover?SoSudrangotacollegetodonatesomespaceandequipment.Prettysoon,asmallnonprofitprojectcalledtheCommunityScienceWorkshopNetworkwasborn.(这激发了他的灵感。如果他能给孩子们带来他等待30年才发现的相同体验，那会怎样？因此，Sudran找了一所大学捐赠了一些空间和设备。很快，一个名为CommunityScienceWorkshopNetwork的小型非营利项目诞生了。)”可知，是Sudran的科学实践让他有了创建社区科学工作坊网络的想法，他想让孩子们也能体验到科学的乐趣。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Todaytherearesixworkshops,almostallinlow-incomeneighborhoodsaroundCalifornia.Oneoftheworkshopsisfilledwithstuff:microscopes,powertools,evenaturtleandasnake.There’snocurriculum,nothingtomemorizebuttoolstoplayandexperimentwith.Eighth-graderJoseVegaisworkinghardatbuildingarobotwhileEstebanEspinoza,6,isgettingtadpoles(蝌蚪)outofatanktoexaminethemunderamicroscope.Onegroupofkidsarespreadingoutonthefloor,tryingtofigureouthowtobuildahotairballoon.(如今，加州有六个工作坊，几乎都在低收入的社区。其中一个工作坊里摆满了东西：显微镜、电动工具，甚至还有一只乌龟和一条蛇。这里没有课程，没有要背诵的东西，只有可以用来玩耍和实验的工具。八年级学生JoseVega正在努力制造一个机器人，而6岁的EstebanEspinoza正从水箱里捞出蝌蚪，在显微镜下观察它们。一群孩子在地上摊开，试图弄清楚如何制造一个热气球。)”可知，作者通过举例说明了社区科学工作坊网络的项目是如何运作的，以及孩子们在这个项目中可以做什么，即展示了这个项目的作用。故选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。最后一段提到“Sudran’sdream,hesays,istotakethismodelofquickhands-onscienceallovertheworld.Nextup,Sudranhopes,willbethesmallSouthernCaliforniadeserttownofCoachella.(Sudran说，他的梦想是将这种快速动手科学的模式带到世界各地。Sudran希望，接下来将是南加州沙漠小镇科切拉。)”可知，Sudran接下来决定建立更多的科学工作坊，将他的项目推广到世界各地，科切拉只是他接下来计划中的一个地方。故选B。CThoughbrownpelicans(鹈鹕)havebouncedbackfromtheendangeredspecieslist,theyhavebeensufferingfromthesecondlife-threateningeventinrecentyears.LargenumbersofthespeciesareshowingupsickandinjuredalongCalifornia’scoastline,andexpertsareracingtofindoutwhy.AvolunteerfeedssickbrownpelicansrecoveringattheWetlandsandWildlifeCareCenterofOrangeCounty.Thecenteriscurrentlycaringforover100brownpelicanswhichhavebeendiscoveredstarvingorbeingsickinrecentweeks.Duringthestarvationeventin2022,nearly800brownpelicanswereadmittedtowildlifenursingcentersandreceivedconsideratecare,withonly394eventuallyreturnedtothewild,accordingtotheU.S.FishandWildlifeService.Thecauseofthecurrentcrisisremainslargelyunknown,butsomeinterestingguessesareflyingabout.Atonepoint,thebirdswerecheckedforthefluthathasnewlyinfectedsomanyanimalsthisyear.Luckily,noneofthesickpelicanstestedpositiveforit.“Wedon’thaveanyindicationthatit’sdirectlyhuman-caused,either,”saysHenkel,aseniorenvironmentalscientist.“It’snotahumanactionofanykindthatwe’reawareof.”Onetheoryisthatpowerfulwindsmaybetoblame,aslowvisibilitycouldbepreventingthepelicansfromdivingwellenoughtocatchtheirmeals,andhungrybirdsoftengettrappedinfishinglines.Theevidencepointingtostarvationasthecausemayalsobetterexplainwhythepelicanscomeinwithinjuries.Thoseinvolvedinbrownpelicanrecoveryeffortsnotethatwhileyoushouldkeepyourdistancefromthem,humanscanbeofassistancebyimmediatelyreportingananimalsightingtoalocalrescuecenterandkeepinganeyeonituntilhelparrives.Suchanurgentresponsecanoftenmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeathforapelicanthatneedslife-savingcare.Ifyouareanexpert,propertreatmentfortheaffectedpelicansmayinvolveofferingthemlotsofnutritionandwater,orcaringforwoundsandgivingthemrelevantmedicationinthecenter.28.Whatcanwelearnaboutbrownpelicans?A.Theyarenewlylistedasendangered. B.Theirpopulationhasrecoveredalittle.C.Theyhavebeenstarvedformanyyears. D.Theirnumbersdeclinesharplyduetoinjury.29.Whydoestheauthorlistdatainparagraph2?A.Toprovethepelicansfacesevereproblems. B.Tohighlightthemindfulcareforthepelicans.C.Torevealthepelicansmainlydieofhunger. D.Tostressvolunteers’roleinsavingthepelicans.30.Whatmaycontributetothecurrentcrisisforbrownpelicans?A.Fishinglines. B.Theflu. C.Humanaction. D.Theweather.31.Howshouldanordinarypersondealwithasickbrownpelican?A.Feedfoodandwatertoit. B.Rushittoarescuecenter.C.Seektimelyprofessionalhelp. D.Giveitanimmediateexam.【答案】28.B29.A30.D31.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章讨论了褐鹈鹕从濒危问题中恢复过来后，仍面临生存挑战，并介绍了威胁褐鹈鹕生存的可能原因，以及公众如何帮助褐鹈鹕。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thoughbrownpelicans(鹈鹕)havebouncedbackfromtheendangeredspecieslist,theyhavebeensufferingfromthesecondlife-threateningeventinrecentyears.(虽然褐鹈鹕已经从濒危物种名单中恢复过来，但近年来它们一直遭受着第二次威胁生命的事件)”可知，褐鹈鹕的数量有所恢复。故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Thecenteriscurrentlycaringforover100brownpelicanswhichhavebeendiscoveredstarvingorbeingsickinrecentweeks.Duringthestarvationeventin2022,nearly800brownpelicanswereadmittedtowildlifenursingcentersandreceivedconsideratecare,withonly394eventuallyreturnedtothewild,accordingtotheU.S.FishandWildlifeService.(该中心目前正在照顾100多只褐鹈鹕，这些褐鹈鹕最近几周被发现饥饿或生病。根据美国鱼类和野生动物管理局的数据，在2022年的饥饿事件中，近800只褐鹈鹕被送入野生动物护理中心，得到了周到的照顾，只有394只最终回到了野外)”可知，这些数据用来证明褐鹈鹕面临的问题很严重。故选A。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Onetheoryisthatpowerfulwindsmaybetoblame,aslowvisibilitycouldbepreventingthepelicansfromdivingwellenoughtocatchtheirmeals,andhungrybirdsoftengettrappedinfishinglines.(一种理论认为，强风可能是罪魁祸首，因为低能见度可能会阻止鹈鹕潜入足够深的地方捕捉食物，饥饿的鸟儿经常被鱼线困住)”可知，天气导致了褐鹈鹕的饥饿危机。故选D。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thoseinvolvedinbrownpelicanrecoveryeffortsnotethatwhileyoushouldkeepyourdistancefromthem,humanscanbeofassistancebyimmediatelyreportingananimalsightingtoalocalrescuecenterandkeepinganeyeonituntilhelparrives.(那些参与褐鹈鹕恢复工作的人指出，虽然你应该与它们保持距离，但人类可以通过立即向当地救援中心报告看到动物并密切关注它直到救援到来来提供帮助)”可知，普通人遇到生病的褐鹈鹕应该寻求及时的专业帮助。故选C。DYouaremorelikelytothinkoftheinformationthatisrepeatedtobetruethantheinformationyouhearonlyonce.Youassumethatifpeoplearegoingtoputinefforttorepeatastatement,thisreflectsthetruthofthestatement.Simplyrepeatingsomepiecesofinformationdoesnotactuallymakeittrue,butthistendency—alsocalledtheillusory(错觉的)trutheffect—isaprejudicethatcanleadyoutodrawthewrongconclusions.Animportantstepindecreasingthenegativeinfluenceofprejudicesinthinkingistobeawareofthem.Towhatdegreearepeopleawareoftheillusorytrutheffect?ThisquestionwasaddressedinthejournalCognitionbySimoneMattavelli.Inthecriticalstudy,participantsdidtwosessions.Inonesession,theyreadaboutastudyinwhichpeoplewereexposedtotrivia(琐事)statementsandthenwereaskedwhetherbothstatementstheyhadheardbeforeaswellasnewstatementsweretrue.Theywereaskedtopredictthepercentageofeachstatementthatwouldbejudgedastrue.Atanothersessionafewdayslater,participantsactuallyperformedthisstudy,readingasetof20triviastatementsandthenjudgingthetruthof40statements,halfofwhichweretheonestheysawearlierandtheotherhalfofwhichwerenew.Thisstudyreplicatedtheillusorytrutheffect.Peopleweremorelikelytojudgestatementstheyhadseenbeforeastruethanstatementsthatwerenew.Twointerestingfindingsemergedfromthepredictions.First,participantstendedtounderestimatethesizeoftheillusorytrutheffectforeveryone.Second,participantsweremorewrongwhenpredictingtheirownperformancecomparedtopredictingtheperformanceofanotherperson.Thisworkisparticularlyimportantinlightoftheamountofmisinformationpresentedinsocialmedia.Manypeopleareinfluencingpublicopinionsaboutpoliticalandeconomicmatters.Socialmediawebsiteswithmisinformationwillleadpeopletobelievethisinformationistruejustbecauseitisstated.32.WhatisSimone’sstudymainlyaboutconcerningtheillusorytrutheffect?A.People’sawarenessofit. B.People’sreactiontoit.C.Itscauses. D.Itsprocess.33.Howdidtheparticipantsengageinthefirstsessionofthestudy?A.Reading,repeatingandjudging. B.Reading,assessingandforecasting.C.Recording,judgingandpredicting. D.Predicting,observingandreflecting.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“replicate”inparagraph4mean?A.Correspondwith. B.Becontraryto. C.Putforward. D.Accountfor.35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardSimone’sstudy?A.Unclear. B.Dismissive. C.Doubtful. D.Approving.【答案】32.A33.B34.A35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了一种被称为“真相错觉效应”的心理偏见以及SimoneMattavelli关于人们对真相错觉效应意识程度的研究，并指出在社交媒体中存在大量错信息情况的下，这种研究的重要性。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Towhatdegreearepeopleawareoftheillusorytrutheffect?ThisquestionwasaddressedinthejournalCognitionbySimoneMattavelli.(人们对真相错觉效应的意识程度如何？SimoneMattavelli在《认知》杂志上发表了关于这个问题的文章。)”可知，Simone的研究主要是关于人们对真相错觉效应的意识。故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Inonesession,theyreadaboutastudyinwhichpeoplewereexposedtotriviastatementsandthenwereaskedwhetherbothstatementstheyhadheardbeforeaswellasnewstatementsweretrue,Theywereaskedtopredictthepercentageofeachstatementthatwouldbejudgedastrue.(在一个环节中，他们阅读了一项研究，在这项研究中，人们接触到一些琐事陈述，然后被问及他们之前听到过的陈述和新陈述是否都是真实的。他们被要求预测每个陈述被判断为真实的百分比。)”可知，在第一环节中，参与者通过阅读琐事陈述，评估这些陈述的真实性，并预测这些陈述被判断为真实的百分比，即参与者是通过“阅读、评估和预测”参与研究的第一部分的。故选B。【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句下文“Peopleweremorelikelytojudgestatementstheyhadseenbeforeastruethanstatementsthatwerenew.(人们更倾向于认为他们之前看到过的陈述是真实的，而不是那些新的陈述。)”可知，实验结果与“真相错觉效应”现象互相印证，即这项研究与真相错觉效应一致。由此可知“replicate”在此处的意思是“与……一致”。故选A。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thisworkisparticularlyimportantinlightoftheamountofmisinformationpresentedinsocialmedia.(考虑到社交媒体上存在的大量错误信息，这项工作尤为重要。)”可推知，作者对Simone的研究持赞成态度。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Knowinganotherlanguageopensdoorsforkidsandadultsalike.Butmosteducatorsagreethatchildhoodistheidealtimeforlanguagelearning.Ifyouwantyourchildrentobebilingual(双语),hereiswheretostart.Youshouldbeflexibleandusethemethodworkingbestforyourfamily.Somefamiliesfavor“oneparent,onelanguage”.Sometakeonthetaskoflearningasecondlanguagealongsidetheirchildren.____36____Dependingonyourhomesituation,thiscanrequirealotofplanning,effortandpersistence(坚持)onyourpart.You’dbetterusealloftheresourcesathand.Whilehavingback-and-forthconversationswithnativespeakersisthemosteffective,therearelotsofotherways.____37____Watchingafavoriteshoworreadinganinterestingbookinthenon-dominant(非主导的)languagecanmakelearningenjoyable.Youmayalsofindclassesandschoolsthatteachinthelanguageyouwantyourchildrentolearn.____38____Travelisonewaytoengageyourkidineverydaysituationsthataremeaningfulandreal.Exposuretothelanguageinitsrealcontextcansignificantlyboostachild’sinterestinandunderstandingofthelanguage.Buttimeabroadisnotarequirementforrealinteractions.____39____Forexample,yoursoncanuseSpanishwhenplayingwithhisSpanish-speakingcousins.Whileyoucanalwayschangethelanguagelearningplanifthepathyou’reonisn’tworking,youshouldn’tgettoodiscouragedwhenthingsaren’thappeningasquicklyasyoumightexpect.____40____Languagelearningisaprogressiveandlong-lastingprocess,andbreakthroughsmaycomeinunexpectedwaysandatdifferenttimesforeachind