2021年上海市牛津版初三英语自招冲刺讲义（非谓语+完型填空+试卷训练3） - S

自招英语教师辅导教案学员编号：年级：初三课时数：3学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：课程主题：初三自招冲刺讲义（非谓语+完型填空+试卷训练3）授课时间：学习目标教学内容1.______（surround）byalotofnewsmen,thenewly-electedmayorofthecityfelthehadtosaysomething.（13浦东二模）2.______（become）asuccessfulinvestor,afreshbusinessmanshouldconducthimselfinanappropriatebusinesslikemanner.（13浦东二模）3._____（complete）theprojectasplanned,we’llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.（13普陀二模）4.Manychildrenhaveformedthehabitofreadingbut_____（nottake）efficientnotesmeanwhile.（13普陀二模）5.MichaelputupapictureofJeremyLinbesidethebedtokeephimself_____（remind）ofhisowndreams.（13普陀二模）6.Thereasonwhywesetup“agreenresponsibilitycard”istogiveafeelingofaccomplishmenttopeople_____（involve）.非谓语形式构成特征和作用时态和语态否定式复合结构不定式todotobedoingt

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donetobedonetohavebeendone在非谓语前加notforsb.todosth.具有名词，副词和形容词的作用在句中做主、宾、定、表、补和状语分词现在分词doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendone具有副词和形容词的作用在句中做定、表、宾补和状语过去分词done动名词doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendonesb’doing具有名词的作用在句中做主、宾、定和表语（一）非谓语基础知识点一、非谓语动词的分类、意义及构成：1.做宾语的非谓语动词比较：情况常用动词只接不定式做宾语的动词hope,want,offer,long,fail,expect,wish,ask,decide,pretend,manage,agree,afford,determine,promise,happen,demand,refuse,learn,choose只接动名词做宾语的动词或短语mind,miss,enjoy,imagine,practise,suggest,finish,escape,excuse,appreciate,admit,deny，prevent,keep,avoid,risk,resist,consider（考虑）can’thelp,feellike,succeedin,befondof,objectto,getdownto,beengagedin,insiston,thinkof,beproudof,takepridein,setabout,beafraidof,betiredof,lookforwardto,devoteoneselfto,beworth,bebusy,payattentionto,stickto两者都可以意义基本相同begin,start,like,love,hate,prefer,continue（接不定式多指具体的动作，接动名词多指一般或习惯行为）need,want,require（接动名词主动形式表示被动意义，若接不定式则应用被动形式）意义相反stoptodo停止手中事，去做另一件事stopdoing停止正在做的事意义不同remember/forget/regrettodo（指动作尚未发生）remember/forget/regretdoing（指动作已经发生）goontodo（接着做另外一件事）goondoing（接着做同一件事）trytodo（设法，努力去做，尽力）trydoing（试试去做，看有何结果）meantodo（打算做，企图做）meandoing（意识是，意味着）can’thelptodo（不能帮忙做）can’thelpdoing（忍不住要做）2.非谓语动词做宾语补足语的区别：常见动词与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念例句不定式ask,beg,expect,get,order,tell,want,wish,encourage主谓关系。强调动作将发生或已经完成Weshouldencouragestudentstofindthemistakesbythemselves.Iheardhimcallmeseveraltimes.have,notice,see,watch,hear,feel,let,make现在分词notice,see,watch,hear,find,keep,have,feel主谓关系。强调动作正在进行，尚未完成Ifoundherlisteningtotheradio.过去分词动宾关系。动作已经完成，多强调状态Wefoundthevillagegreatlychanged.3.非谓语动词做定语的区别：区别举例不定式与被修饰词往往有动宾关系，一般式表示将来，进行式表示与谓语动作同时发生，完成式表示在谓语动词之前发生Ihavealotofpaperstotype.Ihavealotofpaperstobetyped.动名词通常指被修饰词的用途，无逻辑上的任何关系Shallwegototheswimmingpool?现在分词与被修饰词之间是主谓关系，表示动作与谓语动作同时发生theboilingwater/theboiledwaterthedevelopingcountry/thedevelopedcountrythefallingleaves/thefallenleaves过去分词与被修饰词之间是被动关系，表示动作发生在谓语动作之前，现已经完成4.非谓语动词做主语和表语的区别：区别举例不定式多表示一个特定的具体的将来的动作，做主语时可以借助于it把不定式移到句子后面。做表语有时可和主语交换位置，而且意义不变，并且还能用what来提问主语或表语。Mydreamistobecomeateacher.Toobeythelawisimportant.(dream,business,wish,idea,plan,duty,task做主语时常用)动名词与不定式的功能区别不大，然而它更接近于名词，表示的动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作，有时也可以用it做形式主语，做表语时可以和主语互换位置。Itisnousesayingthatagainandagain.Teachingismyjob.分词无名词的性质，不能做主语。但是有形容词的性质，可以做表语，多表明主语的特征性质或者状态等，可被very,quite,rather等副词修饰。现在分词多含有“令人…”之意，说明主语的性质特征，多表示主动，主语多为物。过去分词一般表示被动或主语所处的状态，含有“感到…”之意，主语多是人。Thesituationisencouraging.Thebookiswellwritten.(常见分词有astonishing,moving,tiring,disappointing,puzzling,shocking,boring,amusing及其-ed形式)5.非谓语动词做状语的区别:区别举例不定式VS分词1)分词作状语一般表示伴随，而不定式常常表示目的。2)分词作状语放在句子开头，除表示原因之外有时表示时间或条件。动词不定式作状语时，除了表示目的以外，还表示结果或原因。3）下面一些句型是不定式做状语时候应该注意的：

a：not/nevertoo…to,too…notto,but/onlytoo…to,tooready/eager/apt/inclinedto表示肯定意义

b：做结果状语的不定式只能出现在句子的末尾，常见的不定式动词有：find,hear,see,betold,form,give,make,produce等。

c：不定式做状语时，其逻辑主语一般为句子的主语，否则用for引导主语。Theystoodbytheroadsidetalkingabouttheplan．(伴随)

Theystoodbytheroadsidetotalkabouttheplan．(目的)

Readingattentively，heforgotthetimeforlunch．(原因)

Readingcarefully，hefoundsomethinghehadnotknownbefore．(时间)

Readingcarefully，you'lllearnsomethingnew．(条件)

Hisfamilywastoopoortosupporthim．(结果)

Theboyisnottallenoughtoreachthebookshelf．(结果)

Wearegladtohearthenews．(原因)动名词不作状语现在分词VS过去分词现在分词做状语与过去分词做状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主动与被动关系的区别。

1）现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。

2）过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。

Hewentout，shuttingthedoorbehindhim.

Notknowingwhattodo,hewenttohisparentsforhelp.

Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.

Facedwithdifficulties,wemusttrytoovercomethem.非谓语动词考点小结二、动名词常考必记要点归纳1.以下动词和动词短语后只能接动名词：常用动词：finish,mind,suggest,keep,enjoy,practice,consider,excuse,miss,escape,resist,allow,permit,imagine,risk,delay,forbid,appreciate,understand动词短语：giveup,insiston,lookforwardto,itis(no)good(use,harm),objectto（反对），getdownto,devoteoneselfto,spend…doing,prevent…(from)…,waste…doing,have(no)difficulty(in)doing,stickto,keep…from,stop…from2.接不定式、动名词意义不同的动词和结构：stoptodo/stopdoing停下来做……/停止做…….remembertodo/rememberdoing记住要去做……/记得曾做过……forgettodo/forgetdoing忘记去做……/忘记曾做过……trytodo/trydoing努力（尽力）做……/试着做……regrettodo/regretdoing遗憾地去做……/后悔做过……meantodo/meandoing打算做……/意味着做……wanttodo/wantdoing想做……/需要被做……goontodo/goondoing接着做另一件事/接着做未做完的同一事 liketodo/likedoing喜欢做……（非经常性）/喜欢做（指习惯，爱好）.feellikedoing/wouldliketodo想做……/（要做……）setaboutdoing/setouttodo开始做……preferdoing/prefertodo喜欢做……prefer+doingto+doingwouldrather+dothan+do宁愿……而不愿preferto+doratherthan+dousedto+do过去经常做……beusedto+do被用来做……be/getusedtodoing养成做……习惯can’thelp(to)+do不能帮助做……can’thelpdoing止不住地做……can’thelpbut+do不得不cannotchoosebut+do=cannotbutdo3.动名词的两个结构（即否定结构和复合结构），否定结构是not+动名词；复合结构是：代词宾格（形容词性物主代词）+动名词名词（名词所有格）注：该结构置于句首时（作主语），只能用括号中间的结构。作宾语两者均可。例：1)Theyfeltsorryfornotarrivingintime.（没能及时到达，他们感到很抱歉。）2)Doyoumindmy/meopeningthewindow?（我打开窗你介意吗？）Ourgoingthereisallowed.（我们获准去那里。）【注意在句首不能用us】4.动名词的时态和语态主动被动用法一般式doingbeingdone发生在谓语后等完成式havingdonehavingbeendone发生在谓语前动词need、want、require后用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义（=tobe+过去分词）。例：Thebabywantswashing.(=tobewashed)6.在worth后用动名词主动形式，在worthy后用动名词被动形式。例：Thefilmisworthseeing.=Thefilmisworthyofbeingseen.=Thefilmisworthytobeseen.to后接动词时，to是不定式符号，应该接原形动词，to是介词应要接动名词。这一点一定要判断清楚。在“getdownto开始做……；lookforwardto…盼望……；stickto…坚持做……；leadto…导致……；devoteoneselfto…献身于……；tobedevotedto…献身于……；payattentionto…注意……；objectto反对做……”中，to都是介词，其后面应该接动名词。8.介词后一般接动名词。indoing…在做……过程中；ondoing…一……就……；beforedoing…在做……之前；afterdoing…在做……之后；withoutdoing没做……不定式常考必记要点归纳下列动词或动词短语后接不定式：agree,seem,appear,offer,happen,wish,hope,pay,expect,long,plan,intend,promise,pretend,decide,afford,manage,choose,besaidto,wouldliketo等。不定式常用的句型：too…todo（太……而不能）,…enoughtodo…（够……就能……）,soastodo/inordertodo（为了……），so…astodo/such…astodo（如此……结果……）。在这些常用句型中，注意soasto/inorderto，前一个不能用于句首，而inorderto既可放在句首，也可放在句尾。so…asto与such…asto的区别是：so后一般接形容词或副词、可数名词单数（so+adj.+a/an+n.）。“such”后一般接可数名词复数、不可数名词和可数名词单数形式（such+a/an+adj.+n.）。不定式的三个结构：即否定结构、复合结构和疑问结构。否定结构为“not(never)todo”；疑问结构是特殊疑问词“how(what,which,who,whether…)todo”；复合结构是“for/of+名词（或代词宾格）+todo”。4.不定式的三个时态形式和两个被动语态形式（可记忆为三时两语）主动式被动式一般时todotobedone进行时tobedoing无完成时tohavedonetohavebeendonelet/make/have/see/hear/notice/observe/listento/lookat/watch/feel这些动词带不定式作宾补时，省掉to,若这些动词以被动形式出现时，应加上to。动词help后面作宾补的不定式可省略to，也可加to。例：Isawhimgoupstairs.被动形式是:Hewasseentogoupstairs.6.当前面是thefirst,thesecond,thelast,need,plan,time,chance,right,determination,ability,opportunity（机会），way时，一般用不定式作定语。例如：A)Itistimetogetup.（该起床了。）B)Hedidn'thaveachancetogotoschoolbeforeliberation.（解放前，他没有机会去上学。）but/except+todo/do结构，要根据谓语动词来确定其后面的形式。当谓语动词是do,does,did时，but后用动词原形；谓语动词是其他动词时，but后用“to+动词原形”的形式。8.不定式的逻辑主语要与主语保持一致Tostudyaforeignlanguage,practiceisneeded.这个句子逻辑主语不一致，应改为：Tostudyaforeignlanguage,oneneedspractice.学习外语需要操练。9.形容词后一般用不定式（除busy,worth两个外）例如：A)Youaresuretosucceed.（你一定能成功。）B)I’msorrytohavegivenyoualotoftrouble.（对不起，给你带来那么多麻烦。）C)Heisbusypreparinghislessonsatpresent.（他现在正忙于预习功课。）10.不定式作定语和表语时，有时需要在后面放上一个适当的介词。A)Thisisabenchtositon.（这是用来坐的凳子。）B)Thisroomiscomfortabletolivein.（这个房间住起来很舒适。）11.在“主语+系动词+adj.+不定式”这个句型中，当主语是不定式的逻辑宾语时，不定式不用被动，不能在动词后再放宾语。例：Thequestioniseasytoanswer.（question是answer的宾语，不能说：Thequestioniseasytobeanswered.也不能说：Thequestioniseasytoanswerit.）12.不定式的动词与前面的动词一致时，可以省掉该动词，但to不能省掉；其后如是be或have等词时，一般不能省。分词常考必记要点归纳1.现在分词和过去分词的用法区别。它们的用法主要是根据动词是及物还是不及物来确定，不及物动词根据动作完成的程度，及物动词根据语态来确定。列表如下：分分词动词现在分词过去分词vi.表示动作进行表示动作完成vt.表示主动表示被动2.分词的两个结构否定结构：not+分词例如：Nothavingknownhisaddress,Ididn’twritetohim.复合结构（独立主格结构）有两种形式：（1）名词（代词主格）+分词（只作状语）（2）with+名词（代词宾格）+分词（作状语或定语）例：1)Theday’sworkdone,theywenthome.他们做完一天的工作就回家了。Hesattherewithhisfeetpointingtoothers.他坐在那儿把脚指向别人。3.现在分词的时态和语态形式，以动词do为例列表如下：语语态时态主动被动用法一般式doingbeingdone（正在被）同时/后发生完成式Havingdonehavingbeendone（已被）先发生注：①现在分词完成时态的被动结构有时等于一个过去分词（即havingbeendone=done）。②现在分词的完成时态不能作表语、定语和宾补，只放在状语的位置上。③现在分词一般时态的被动结构（being+v.-ed）表示“正在被”之意，而在动名词中只表示被动。“使……怎么样”之类的动词（amuse,astonish,excite,frighten,interest,move,relax,satisfy,shock,surprise,encourage,disappoint,puzzle,tire,please,inspire,terrify,worry），它们的ing形式表示主动，而过去分词表示被动。一般情况下“人”用过去分词，“物”用ing形式。5.分词和不定式都作状语，其区别是分词作状语表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、方式和说明，而不定式表示目的和结果，关键是体会句意之间关系。例1.TheirgrandfatherlivedtheliberationofChina.(tosee/seeing)_inBeijing,Ivisitedmanyhistoricspots.(Tostay/Staying)6.独立主格结构放在句首不能误当成并列句，分词作状语放在句末不能误当成并列谓语。Therebeingnobuses,wehadtowalkhome.Thestudentsworkedinthefields,_____.(laughedandtalked,/laughingandtalking).为了使概念更明确，在分词前可以用when,while,if,once,unless,asif,than,as这些连词。例Iwillgoifinvited(=ifIaminvited).8.常用几个动词的结构及意义Want+doing（表示被动）/wantsthtobedone（表示被动）wantsbtodo（表示主动）Makesthdone（表示被动）/makesb.do（表示主动）Havesth+todo（有……可做）+sb+do（叫某人做…）+sth+done（叫别人做…）+sb+doing（让……一直做……）Getsbtodo（叫……马上做……）sthdone叫（别人）做……=havesthdonesbtodo（叫某人做……）/doingCatch+宾语+doing（看见某人在做……）seat/dress这两个动词后如有宾语用现在分词，反之用过去分词。include/consider这两个动词如果放在名词之前用现在分词，名词之后用过去分词。missing/remaining作“丢失的”和“剩下的”讲，只有现在分词形式；left作“剩下的”讲只能放名词后或代词后。例如：Wewentthere,includingourboss./Wewentthere,ourbossincluded.10.一些只用现在分词形式的固定结构：generally/seriouslyspeaking,judgingfrom(by)…但totellthetruth,tobesure,tobeexact要用不定式。spokenEnglish是“英语口语”，而English-speaking是“讲英语的……”后面一般接名词，它是个形容词。12.open作形容词用是“开着的”，而“关着的”是closed。形容词close是指“距离”，不是“关着的”意思。Heusedtosleepwithallthewindowsopen.比较：Heusedtosleepwithallthewindowsclosed.13.几组易错的现在分词、过去分词lievi.laylainlying躺liev.liedliedlying撒谎layvi.laidlaidlaying放；下蛋foundvt.foundedfounded成立findvt.foundfound发现Windwoundwound盘旋蜿蜒Woundwoundedwounded受伤riseviroserisen上升raisevt.raisedraised上升fallvi.fellfallen落下feelvt.feltfelt摸；感觉hangvihunghung悬挂hangvt.hangedhanged绞死lightvt.lit（一般作谓语）lightlighted（作定语）燃着的burnvt./viburnt烧焦的，burning正在燃烧的（二）完型填空完形填空这种题型，目的在于测试学生利用已知信息恢复不完整语言材料的能力，进而考查学生的语言能力：作为选拔性考试，它具有较高信度、效度和必要的区分度以及一定的难度。重点在于综合考查考兰主的词汇和语法等基础知识以及阅读和写作等语言运用能力。题型特点： 1．选材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙文或是叙议结合、以叙为主、富有哲理的论说文。它选用真实世界中的语言材料，考查考生使用语言进行信息获取和社会交际的能力，对心理问题、校园生活、奇闻轶事等；热点话题继续关注。字数上，完形填空短文词数在240-320之间。2．所选短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设奎，目的是让学生熟悉语言环境，迅速进入主题，对文章有宏观和整体。胜的把握，建立正确的思维导：向。正文中通常挖去20个词（组），通常不会出现两个空格前后相连或同一句子挖空超过三个Ff勺情况。挖去的词汇以实词为主，虚词为辅。解题方法：1．耐心精读开头首句，并圈划一些带着感。『青色彩的形容词或副词，理解语段的基调，比如：popular,warm-hearted,poor,homeless;2．结合自己的语感，语感可以分为句感和词感。句感是通过梳理分析句子本身的不同成分以及成分之间的关系来慢慢提高；词感是通过寻找并揣摩文章中各个句子之间相同词性的单词之间的联系来慢慢提高；3．识别短语搭配，运用语法理顺上下文关系；4．通读三遍，细心检查，避免疏漏。（例题一）Myprevioushomehadastandofwoodsbehinditandmanyanimalsinthebackyard.Thatfirstyear,I1feedingpeanutstothebluejays,thenthesquirrels.Thesquirrelshadno2cominguprighttomeforthem.Asthemonthswentby,therabbitssawthatIwasno3anddidn’tescape.WhenIthrewcarrotslices(薄片),theyevencameforanibble(啃).Slowlytheycameto4me,andbytheendoftheyeartheywereeatingoutofmyhand.Thatsecondyear,therabbits5me,andonewouldevensitupforslices!WhileIwasfeedingthem,I6thatagroundhogwhousedtorunawaywasnowtakingan7interestinthisfoodsituation.Icarefullyextendedalong8,withakeeneyeonthoseteeth,and9,thereweretimesIwouldhavethegroundhogsittingnexttoarabbit,bothmunching(津津有味地咀嚼)oncarrots.Afewmonthslater,while10,shewouldeventurnherbacktome.11whenshewasfacingaway,Ireachedoutand12scratched(搔)herbackwithmyfinger.Shedidn'tmove.Byyearthree,therabbitsandthegroundhogwereback.Thegroundhog13didn'thaveaproblemwithmescratchingherback,andIgotanidea.I'dalways14,whileslicingupcarrots,thattheendlookedlikeacap.15oneday,justtoseewhatshewoulddo,Igently16oneontopofthegroundhog'shead.Again,nota17.Thenexttime,Ihadmycamerareadytorecordwhatyouseehere,oneofseveraldozensuchpictures.18shehadaslicetoeat,shenever19theoneonherhead.Itwasafair20-Igotapleasure,andshehadyetanothertastytreat.()1.A.avoidedB.startedC.canceledD.suggested()2.A.businessB.funC.problemD.privilege()3.A.helpB.cheatC.threatD.exception()4.A.trustB.missC.admireD.appreciate()5.A.fearedB.ignoredC.discoveredD.remembered()6.A.provedB.decidedC.noticedD.understood()7.A.extremeB.increasingC.additionalD.inspiring()8.A.squirrelB.rabbitC.peanutD.carrot()9.A.beforelongB.longagoC.overandoverD.alloveragain()10.A.eatingB.playingC.sittingD.sleeping()11.A.NextB.OnceC.SoonD.Lately()12.A.carefullyB.suddenlyC.violentlyD.patiently()13.A.alsoB.thusC.justD.still()14.A.thoughtB.doubtedC.admittedD.recognized()15.A.WhileB.OrC.SoD.For()16.A.fixedB.placedC.hungD.kept()17.A.trembleB.moveC.delayD.hesitation()18.A.EvenifB.EvensinceC.AsfarasD.Aslongas()19.A.welcomedB.requiredC.botheredD.expected()20.A.tradeB.competitionC.taskD.affair【例题精讲】例1.【★★★】Findinghercarstolen,____A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelp B.theareawassearchedthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhere D.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp例2.【★★★】Thebell____theendoftheperiodrang,____ourheateddiscussion.A.indicating;interrupting B.indicated;interruptingC.indicating;interrupted D.indicated;interrupted例3.【★★★】Though____money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lacked B.lackingof C.lacking D.lackedin例4.【★★★】Don’tusewords,expressions,orphrases____onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknown B.havingbeenknown C.tobeknown D.known例5.【★★】Itisbelievedthatifabookis____,itwillsurely____thereader.A.interested;interest B.interesting;beinterestedC.interested;beinteresting D.interesting;interest例6.★★★】Generallyspeaking,____accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.whentaking B.whentaken C.whentotake D.whentobetaken例7.【★★】AccordingtoarecentUSsurvey,childrenspendupto25hoursaweek____TV.A.towatch B.towatching C.watching D.watch例8【★★】Theflowers____sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmell B.smelling C.smelt D.tobesmelt例9.【★★★】Thedisc,digitally____inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.A.recorded B.recording C.toberecorded D.havingrecorded例10.【★★★】Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,____.A.doctorscametotheirrescue B.thetallbuildingcollapsedC.anemergencymeasurewastaken D.warningsweregiventotourists例11.【★★★】____intouseinApril2000,thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.A.Put B.Putting C.Havingput D.Beingput例12.【★★★】MoreandmorepeoplearesigningupforYogaclassesnowadays,____advantageofthehealthandrelaxationbenefits.A.taking B.taken C.havingtaken D.havingbeentaken例13【★★】RussandEarlwereautomechanics____thesamepay,butEarlhadmoreambition.A.toearn B.tohaveearned C.earning D.earned例14【★★★】____automatically,thee-mailwillbereceivedbyalltheclubmembers.A.Mailedout B.Mailingout C.Tobemailedout D.Havingmailedout例15.（）【★★】Afteraknockatthedoor,thechildheardhismother’svoice____him.A.calling B.called C.beingcalled D.tocall例16.★★★】TheTownHall____inthe1800’swasthemostdistinguishedbuildingatthattime.A.tobecompleted B.havingbeencompletedC.completed D.beingcompleted例17.【★★★】In2010,itwasestimatedthatabout400villageshopsclosed,_____(urge)thelocalgovernmenttogivefinancialsupporttostrugglingshopsorset-upnewcommunitystores.考点要求：1.非谓语动词的时态与语态；2.非谓语动词的否定式；3.不定式符号的省略及疑问结构；4.动词不定式的各种形式及应用；5.-ing结构的各种形式及应用；6.-ed结构在句中的不同用法；7.非谓语动词作宾语、定语、表语等的辨析；8.非谓语动词的固定结构或习惯用法等。冲刺四校自招5套精析版模拟卷（5）一、单选：1._____________,hewroteanovelwhichissetinShanghai_______________.Inhisthirty;in1930Inhisthirties;in1930sInhisthirties;inthe1930sInhisthirtieth;inthe1930’s2.Weneed_____tendaysandfive_______helperstofinishthetaskontime.A.other;more B.another;more C.more;other D.more;another3.____________thefishinthisriverhas__________dramaticallyduetotheseriouspollution.A.Thenumberof;decreased B.Anumberof;decreasedC.Thenumberof;increased D.Anamountof;increasd4.MustIgotothemedicalschoolandbeadoctorlikeyou,Dad?No,you________,son.You’refreetomakeyourowndecision.A.can’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t5._____totakepartinthisadventureactivitywillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills.A.Braveenoughstudents B.Enoughbravestudents C.Studentsbraveenough D.Studentsenoughbrave6．_________hestayedinGermanyforhalfayearandhewillgotoGermany_________again.A.Beforelong;beforelongB.Longbefore;longbeforeC.Beforelong;longbeforeD.Longbefore;beforelong7．Nowhehas_________money,andcandoanythinghewantsto.A.agreatnumberof B．agreatmanyofC．alargeamountof D．agoodplentyof8．Shehasbeenworkingharddayandnight,whichofcourse,_______herpaleface.A.accountsfor B.standsfor C.goesfor D.answerfor9．Toour______,Frank’sillnessprovednottobeasseriousaswehadfeared.A.anxiety B.relief C.view D.judgement10．Althoughheisateenager,Fredcanresist______whattodoandwhatnottodo.A.telling B.beingtold C.totell D.tobetold二、Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.approachesB.shapeC.previouslyD.evidentE.secretsF.dateG.hardlyH.remainsI.irrelevantJ.potentialK.particularlySwedishArchaeologistsMakeNewDiscoveriesArchaeologistshavebegunexploringanunknownancientcityatavillagecalledVlochós,fivehoursnorthofAthens.Thearchaeological__1__arescatteredonandaroundtheStrongilovoúnihillonthegreatThessalianplainsandcanbetracedtoseveralhistoricalperiods.“Whatusedtobeconsideredremainsofsome__2__settlementcannowbeupgradedtoremainsofacityofhighersignificancethan__3__thought,”saysRobinRönnlund,PhDstudentinClassicalArchaeologyandAncientHistoryattheUniversityofGothenburgandleaderofthefieldwork.“Wecameacrossthesitewhichhasneverbeenexploredbeforeinconnectionwithanotherprojectlastyearandrealizedthegreat__4__rightaway.”WorkingtogetherwiththeSwedishInstituteatAthensandthelocalarchaeologicalserviceinKarditsa,theVlochósArchaeologicalProject(VLAP)wasstartedwithanaimtoexploretheremains.Theproject’sresearchteamcompletedthefirstfieldseasonduringtwoweeksinSeptember2016.Rönnlundsaysthatthehillishidingmany__5__.Remainsoftowers,wallsandcitygatescanbefoundonthemountaintopandslopes,but__6__anythingisvisibleonthegroundbelow.Theambitionistoavoiddiggingandinsteaduse__7__suchasground-penetratingradar.Thiswillenabletheteamtoleavethesiteinthesame__8__asitwasinwhentheyarrived.Thesuccessofthismethodis__9__fromtheresultsofthefirstfieldseason:“Wefoundatownsquareandastreetnetworkthatindicatethatwearedealingwithquitealargecity.Theareainsidethecitywallmeasuresover40hectares.Wealsofoundancientpotteryandcoinsthatcanhelpto__10__thecity.Ouroldestfindsarefromaround500BC,butthecityseemstohaveflourishedmainlyfromthefourthtothethirdcenturyBCbeforeitwasabandonedforsomereason,maybeinconnectionwiththeRomanconquestofthearea.”RönnlundbelievesthattheSwedish-GreekprojectcanprovideimportantcluesastowhathappenedduringthisviolentperiodinGreekhistory.三、Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.WhyCollegeIsNotHomeThecollegeyearsaresupposedtobeatimeforimportantgrowthinautonomy(自主性)andthedevelopmentofadultidentity.However,nowtheyarebecomingan__1__periodofadolescence,duringwhichmanyoftoday’sstudentsarenotshoulderedwithadult__2__.Inthepasttwodecades,continuedconnectionwithand__3__onfamily,thankstocellphones,emailandsocialmedia,haveincreasedsignificantly.Someparentsgosofarastohelpwithcoursework.Insteadofpromotingtheideaofcollegeasapassagefromtheshelterofthefamilytoautonomy,universitieshave__4__totheideathattheyshouldprovidethesameenvironmentasthatofthehome.Toprepareforincreasedautonomyandresponsibility,collegeneedstobeatimeof__5__andexperimentation.Thisprocessinvolves“tryingon”newwaysofthinkingaboutoneselfbothintellectuallyandpersonally.__6__weshouldprovide“safespaces”withincolleges,wemustalsomakeitsafetoexpressopinionsandchallengemajorityviews.__7__growthandflexibilityarefosteredbystrictdebateandquestioning.Learningtodealwiththe__8__worldisequallyimportant.Becauseacollegecommunity(群体)differsfromthefamily,manystudentswillstruggletofindasenseof__9__.Ifstudentsrelyonadministratorsto__10__theirsocialbehaviorandthinkingpattern,theyarenotfacingthechallengeoffindinganidentitywithinalargerandcomplexcommunity.__11__,thetendencyforuniversitiestomonitorand__12__studentbehaviorrunsupagainstanothercharacteristicofyoungadults:theresponsetobeingcontrolledbytheirelders.Ifacceptablesocialbehavioristoostrictlydefined(规定),theinsensitiveoraggressivebehaviorthatadministratorsareseekingtominimizemayactuallybe__13__.Itisnotsurprisingthatyoungpeoplearelikelytoburstout,particularlywhentherearereasonstodoso.Ourgenerationoncejoinedhandsandstoodfirmattimesofnationalemergency.Whatislackingtodayisthe__14__betweenadolescents’desireforautonomyandtheirunderstandingofanunsafeworld.Therefore,thereisthedesirefortheirdormstobereplacementhomesandnotplacestoexperiencegrowth.ButEverycollegediscussionaboutcommunityvalues,socialclimateandbehaviorshouldinclude__15__ofthedevelopmentalimportanceofstudentautonomyandself-regulation.1.A.expandedB.educationalC.expected D.extended2.A.responsibilities B.abilities C.knowledge D.experience3.A.concentration B.dependence C.influence D.decision4.A.givenup B.givenaway C.givenin D.givenout5.A.instruction B.exploration C.reflection D.preparation6.A.When B.While C.Since D.If7.A.Intellectual B.Spiritual C.Logical D.Psychological8.A.adult B.virtual C.real D.social9.A.satisfactionB.duty C.belonging D.curiosity10.A.understandB.train C.protect D.regulate11.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.Thus D.However12.A.change B.criticize C.shape D.motivate13.A.encouraged B.challenged C.agreed D.realized14.A.differenceB.tension C.balance D.conflict15.A.observationB.recognition C.determination D.judgment四、Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Ifyourin-boxiscurrentlyreportingunreadmessagesinthehundredsorthousands,youmighthaveahardtimebelievingthenews:e-mailisonthedecline. Atfirstthought,thatmightseemtobethecase.Theincominggeneration,afterall,doesn’tdoe-mail.Oh,theymighthaveanaccount.Theyuseitonlyaswewoulduseafaxmachine:asameanstocommunicatewithold-schoolfolksliketheirparentsortofulfillthesign-uprequirementsofWebsites.Theyrarelycheckit,though.Today’sinstantelectronicmemos—suchastextingandFacebookandTwittermessages—aremoredirect,moreconcentrated,moreefficient.Theygowithoutthesalutation(称呼语)and