2021届山东省济宁市兖州区高一下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）+听力

2020—2021学年第二学期期中检测高一英语试题本试卷分第I卷和第1I卷两部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将第II卷答题卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和第II卷答题卷规定的位置上。2.第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.第II卷答题卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卷各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第I卷(共87.5分)第一分部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What'stheman'ssuggestion?A.Keepingthereservation.B.Continuingwaitinghere.C.Goingtoanotherrestaurant.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:I’msorryformakingyouwaitforsolong,buttherestillaren’tanyemptytables.Ithinkyoushouldtryanotherrestaurantifyouaretiredofwaiting.W:Yeah,Ithinkthatwouldbeagoodidea.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatwillPeterdofirst?A.Gohome. B.Dohishomework. C.Buysomecandy.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Peter,let’sgo.Iwanttobuysomecandyatthestorebeforeitcloses.M:Ican’tgowithyoutoday.Ihavetofinishmyhomeworkhere.Myparentsareworkingovertime,andIdidn’ttakemyhousekeys.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdoesthewomanaskMiketodo?A.Brushhisteeth. B.Savewater. C.Drinksomewater.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Mike,don’twastewaterlikethat.Ifyouleavethewaterrunningwhileyoubrushyourteeth,you’llwastealotofwater.Besides,waterismoreexpensivethanbefore.M:Sorry,Mom.Ididn’tmeanto.Ijustforgottoturnoffthetap.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthemanseeminlowspirits?A.Hehasbeensickthisweek.B.Hemissedhisfavoritemovies.C.Hegotlittlesleepthesedays.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Seemslikeyou’reinlowspirits.What’swrong?M:Nothing.I’mjustsleepy.I’vebeenstayinguplatewatchingmovieseverynightthisweek.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthewomanworriedabout?A.Theman'shealth.B.Theman'scookingskill.C.Theman'ssafetyinMexico.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Youwillbeawayforalongtime.Ican’thelpbeingworried.Dowatchthefoodyoutakeandtakecare.M:YouknowIlikeMexicanfood.W:Yeah,butitdoesnotlikeyou.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatistheman'sproblem?A.Hehasabackache.B.Hetooktoomanypills.C.Helostcontactwithhisdoctor.7.WhydoesDoctorGreenbreaktherulefortheman?A.Heisverypolite.B.Heisseriouslyill.C.Hecan'taffordafullcheckup.【答案】6.A7.A【解析】【原文】W:Sorryaboutthewait.I’mDoctorGreen.M:Howdoyoudo?W:Hi.Iseethatyou’reexperiencingsomebackpain.M:Yes,Iam.Mydoctor’sawayonvacation.Healwaysgivesmethistoreducemypain,butI’verunoutofmypills.Iwonderif,uh,youmightbeabletogivemesome.W:Youreallyshouldhaveathoroughcheckup,butyou’rethemostpolitepatientI’veseenallweek,soI’llbreaktheruleforyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whoisthewoman?A.Theman'sclassmate. B.Annie'ssister. C.Annie'sroommate.9.WhatdoesthemanwanttotellAnnie?AHisnewaddress. B.Hotelinformation. C.Hisvisit.10.HowcanAnniegetintouchwiththeman?A.GotoRoom668,theTerminalHotel.B.Dialthephonenumber4934975.C.Sendhimanurgentmessage.【答案】8.C9.C10.B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,isthatAnnie?W:No,I’moneofherroommates.She’sout,youknow,shopping.M:Whenwillshebeback,doyouthink?W:Oh,Idon’tknow.Hangonamoment.Imeanwhowantsher?M:I’mafriendofhers.Look,wouldyoubesokindtogiveheramessage?W:HangonwhileIgetapen…OK.What’sthemessage?M:MynameisKrisSchuster,Room688,theTerminalHotel,Washington.I’llgotoseehernextweek.W:Doessheknowyourphonenumber?M:It’s4934975.Youwon’tforgettotellherit’surgent,willyou?W:Don’tworry.I’lltellher.M:Thanks.Bye-bye.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatdoesthewomaninvitethemantodotoday?A.Attendaparty. B.Studytogether. C.Seeafilm.12.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.At4:15. B.At4:30. C.At4:45.13.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Atthebookstore. B.Attheschoolgate. C.Atanice－creamshop.【答案】11.C12.B13.C【解析】【原文】W:It’sJane’sbirthdaytoday.Wearegoingtothecinemaafterschool.Wanttogo?M:Afterschool?Ihavegottostudyforthemathtesttomorrow.W:Don’tworry.Thetestwillbeeasy.M:Well,Idon’tknow.Whenwillthefilmstart?W:At4:45.M:IthinkI’llstaybackinschoolanddosomereviewfirst,thenIwilljoinyou.W:OK.We’llgettheticketsfirst.YoumeetusatKristy’sCorneraquarterearlierbeforethefilmstarts.We’llbehavingsomeice-creamtherebeforethefilmstarts.M:OK.ButIstillwanttogotothebookstorebeforethefilmstarts.ThereisasaleandI’dliketogetabook.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatdoesthemando?A.Apoliceman. B.Afirefighter. C.Areporter.15.Howmanykidsdiedfromthefire?A.2. B.5. C.28.16.Wheredidtheboythrowthecigaretteend?A.Onthecarpet. B.Onthesofa. C.Onthetable.17.Whywastheboyabletotouchthecigaretteend?A.Hisfatheraskedhimtothrowit.B.Hisfatherwasdrunkandsleeping.C.Hisfatherlefthimaloneathome.【答案】14.C15.A16.A17.B【解析】【原文】W:Haveyoufinishedthereportonprivateschools?M:Notyet.Youknow,Ihavetwootherarticlestowriteandtheeditorhasjustsentmeouttoreportonthebigfire.Ihavegottogoslow.W:Yeah.Speakingofthebigfire,I’dliketoknowtheexactnumberofvictims.M:Unfortunately,5peopledied.28peoplearestillinhospital.Amongthedead,2arechildren.W:Oh…Poorkids!Didn’ttheycallthefirefighterstohelp?M:I’mnotsureaboutthat.Theymayhavetriedtoputoutthefire,butitwasimpossibletocontrolit.Withthehelpofthefirefighters,thefirewasfinallybroughtundercontrol,buthadstillcausedgreatdamage.W:I’mwonderingwhatcausedthefire.M:Itwasacigaretteendthatburntthecarpetupwhenamanwassleepingsoundlyonthesofa.Hissonwasplayingwithhiscigaretteendbythetable.Hethrewthecigaretteendonthecarpet.W:Howcouldakidgetthecigarette!M:Thatisthepoint.Themanwasdrunkandhediedinhisdream.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Howcanfrozenfoodbekeptcoldatordinarytemperatures?A.Byusingbags. B.Byusingwater. C.Byusingpaper.19.Whatisadvisedtodowhencamping?A.Keepmilkinacoolerbox.B.Nevercookmeatoreggs.C.Usespecialdryfoods.20.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howtopickupfreshfood.B.Howtoeathealthilyindifferentweather.C.Howtokeepfoodfromgoingbadinsummer.【答案】18.A19.C20.C【解析】【原文】W:Duringthesummeryoushouldbeevenmorecarefulthanusualbecausefoodgoesbadfasterinhotweatherthanincoldweather.Whenyoubuyfrozenandrefrigeratedfoods,don’tmakelongstopsonyourwayhomebecausefrozenfoodscouldbecomesoftorwarm.Usingbagshelpskeepfoodcolduntilyoucangethome.Milkandmilkproductsshouldberefrigeratedimmediately.Whencampingorpicnickingoratanytimewhenrefrigerationcan’tbemadeuseof,usespecialdryfoods.Don’tleavefoodinahotcar.Picnicfavoriteslikemeat,chickenandeggsshouldbekeptinacoolerbox.Aboveall,ifthefooddoesn’tseemtobenormalinsmellorappearance,throwitawayimmediately.Don’ttasteit.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分42.5分）第一节（共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C)中,选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ASurvivalandrescuestoriesfromthedeadlycrashofTransAsiaAirwaysFlight235inTaiwanareinspiringaswellasexciting.Theyraisethequestion:Whydosomepassengerssurviveplanecrasheswhileotherssadlydon't?Someofthesurvivalgamesinvolvefactorspassengerslargelycan'tcontrol,liketheweather,flightcrewskills,thedesignofairlineseatsandtheconstruction,maintenance(维修)andtheageoftheplane.Butpassengersthemselvescandoalottoimprovetheirchancesofsurvivalsimplybymakingsmartchoicesandbeinginformed.Hereareafewideastokeepinmind:*Seatchoice.Expertsdiffer.Haveyouheardofthe“five-rowrule”?Thisreferstotheideathatifyou'resittingwithinfiverowsofanemergencyexit,youhaveastatistically(统计地)betterchanceofsurvivingacrash.*Listentothesafetytalk.Yeah,it'sboring.Butitcouldsaveyourlife!Thepresentation－byvideoorbyflightattendants－explainingwhattodoincasetheplanegoesdown,offerskeyinformationlike:HowdoIgetout?*Readthesafetycard.Doyouknowthatsafetycardinthepocketoftheseatinfrontofyou?Thinkofitasamapleadingyoutowardsurvival.Readit.Itshowshowtheplaneyou'reonwillbeevacuated(撤离).*Beawareoftheexits.Planyourescape.Visualizehowyou－andperhapschildrenyou'retravelingwith－aregoingtogetoutoftheplane.*Movequickly.Youhave90secondstogetoutoftheplaneafteracrash.Manypassengersinplanecrashessurvivetheinitialimpact.It'swhathappensnextthatoftenkillsthem.Thisincludesfire,smokeandsometimeswater.Sherwoodadvisesusing90secondsasatimeframeforescaping.21.Atthebeginningofthepassage,thecrashofTransAsiaAirwaysismentioned________.A.toshareastory B.tointroducethetopicC.tointroduceaflight D.tocriticizethepassengers22.Ofthefollowingthings,passengerscancontrol________.A.theweather B.flightcrewskillsC.theageoftheplane D.makingchoicesoftheseat23.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Youshouldreadtheboringsafetycardonthedeskinfrontofyou.B.You'dbettersitwithinsevenrowsofanemergencyexit.C.Youshoulddesignyourescapewayinadvance.D.Youshouldwaitamomentafteracrash.24.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassagemostprobablyis________.A.toofferussometipsonhowtosurviveanair-crashB.toofferussometipsonhowtoenjoyanairjourneyC.toinformusofmajorservicesontheplaneD.toinformusofthedangeroftakingplanes【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在发生空难事故时，一些有助于提高乘客自身存活率的建议。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“SurvivalandrescuestoriesfromthedeadlycrashofTransAsiaAirwaysFlight235inTaiwanareinspiringaswellasexciting.Theyraisethequestion:Whydosomepassengerssurviveplanecrasheswhileotherssadlydon't?”（复兴航空235号航班在台湾的致命坠机事件中的生存和救援故事既鼓舞人心又令人振奋。它们提出了一个问题：为什么有些乘客能在飞机失事后幸存下来，而不幸地是另一些人却不能？）以及第三段中“Butpassengersthemselvescandoalottoimprovetheirchancesofsurvivalsimplybymakingsmartchoicesandbeinginformed.”（但只要乘客做出明智的选择并得到信息，他们自己就能大大提高生存几率。）再结合下文提到了一些有助于乘客提高存活率的建议，可知，在文章开头提到复兴航空公司的坠机事件是为了引入文章的主题。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Seatchoice.Expertsdiffer.Haveyouheardofthe“five-rowrule”?Thisreferstotheideathatifyou'resittingwithinfiverowsofanemergencyexit,youhaveastatistically(统计地)betterchanceofsurvivingacrash.”（座位的选择。专家众说纷坛。你听说过“五排规则”吗？这是指如果你坐在离紧急出口5排以内的位置，从统计学上讲，你在空难中生存几率更大。）可知，乘客可以控制的是座位的选择。故选D。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Beawareoftheexits.Planyourescape.Visualizehowyou－andperhapschildrenyou'retravelingwith－aregoingtogetoutoftheplane.”（留意出口位置。计划你的逃生路线。想象你或者可能是跟你一起出游的的孩子如何逃出这架飞机。）可知，要提前计划逃生路线；C选项“Youshoulddesignyourescapewayinadvance(你应该提前设计你的逃生路线)”正确。故选C。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Butpassengersthemselvescandoalottoimprovetheirchancesofsurvivalsimplybymakingsmartchoicesandbeinginformed.”（但只要乘客做出明智的选择并得到信息，他们自己就能大大提高生存几率。）以及“Hereareafewideastokeepinmind”（下面是一些需要记住的建议）再结合文章主要介绍了在发生空难时，一些有助于提高乘客自身存活率的建议。由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的很可能是为我们提供一些在空难中幸存的建议。故选A。BKingTut,Egypt'sfamousboyking,wasburiedwithmanyvaluableobjects.Adaggerdiscoveredinhistombhasrecentlyattractedextraattention.Researchershaveconcludedthatthedaggerwasprobablymadefromaspecialmaterial.KingTutwasonlyaboutnineyearsoldwhenhebecamerulerofEgyptmorethan3,300yearsago.Theyoungkingdiedwhenhewasjust19.Hisbodywasburiedinatombfilledwithobjectsthatpeoplebelievedhewouldneedintheafterlife.In1922,HowardCarterdiscoveredTut'stombintheValleyoftheKingsinEgypt.Uptonow,itwasthebestpreservedancientEgyptiantombeverfound.In1925,Carterfoundthedaggerwhichhasagoldhandleandanironblade.ThebladehadconfusedexpertsbecauseironwashardlyusedatthattimeinancientEgypt.Infact,itwassorarethatitwasconsideredmorevaluablethangold.Wheredidtheironforthebladecomefrom?AroundthetimeofKingTut,ancientEgyptiansstartedusinganewwordforironthattranslatesas“ironfromthesky”Thisledsomeexpertstobelievethattheironforthebladecamefromameteorite.Butstudiesofthedaggercarriedoutinthe1970sand1990sdidn'tsupportthatidea.That'swheremoderntechnologycomesin.Researchersusedanewtechniquetoexaminetheblade.Theydiscoveredthatitwasmadeupofironandothermaterialsfoundinmeteorites.Aftercomparingittoseveralmeteorites,theyevenfounditspossiblematch—ameteoritethatlandedinnorthernEgyptthousandsofyearsago.ScientistshopethenewstudywillleadtomorediscoveriesaboutotherancientEgyptianrelics,“ItwouldbeveryinterestingtoanalyzemorePre-ironAgeobjectsandwecouldgainpreciousdiscoveries.”DanielaComelli,whoisaprofessor,said.25.HowmanyyearsdidKingTutgovernEgypt?A.9. B.10. C.19. D.2926.WhatdoweknowaboutTut'stomb?A.Itwasbuiltwhenhewas9. B.Ithasalotofironobjectsinit.C.Itwasthefirsttombtobefound. D.Itwasperfectlykeptwhendiscovered.27Scientistspaidextraattentiontothedaggerbecause________.A.itsbladeismadeofiron B.itisKingTut'sfavoriteobjectC.itwasmorevaluablethangold D.itleadstomorediscoveries28.Theresearchersusedmoderntechnologytoshow________.A.ironiswidelyusedinancientEgypt. B.ancientEgyptianobjectsareexcellent.C.Tut'sdaggerwaslikelymadefromameteorite. D.morevaluableobjectsarehiddeninthetombs.【答案】25.B26.D27.A28.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。在图坦卡蒙的陵墓里发现的一把匕首最近吸引了专家们的注意，通过研究发现，这把匕首很可能是由陨石制成的。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“KingTutwasonlyaboutnineyearsoldwhenhebecamerulerofEgyptmorethan3,300yearsago.Theyoungkingdiedwhenhewasjust19.(3300多年前，图坦卡蒙国王成为埃及的统治者时只有9岁。年轻的国王去世时才19岁)”可知，图坦卡蒙王统治埃及19-9=10年。故选B。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Uptonow,itwasthebestpreservedancientEgyptiantombeverfound.(到目前为止，它是迄今为止发现的保存最好的古埃及古墓)”可知，图坦卡蒙的陵墓被发现时保存得非常完好。故选D。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“In1925,Carterfoundthedaggerwhichhasagoldhandleandanironblade.ThebladehadconfusedexpertsbecauseironwashardlyusedatthattimeinancientEgypt.Infact,itwassorarethatitwasconsideredmorevaluablethangold.Wheredidtheironforthebladecomefrom?(1925年，卡特发现了这把剑，剑柄是金的，刀刃是铁的。这种刀刃让专家们感到困惑，因为在古埃及的那个时候几乎不使用铁。事实上，它是如此罕见，以至于人们认为它比黄金还珍贵。刀刃的铁是从哪里来的？)”可知，科学家特别注意这把匕首是因为它的刀刃是铁做的。故选A。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“That'swheremoderntechnologycomesin.Researchersusedanewtechniquetoexaminetheblade.Theydiscoveredthatitwasmadeupofironandothermaterialsfoundinmeteorites.Aftercomparingittoseveralmeteorites,theyevenfounditspossiblematch—ameteoritethatlandedinnorthernEgyptthousandsofyearsago.(这就是现代技术的用武之地。研究人员使用了一种新技术来检查刀片。他们发现它是由铁和陨石中发现的其他物质组成的。在将它与几块陨石进行比较后，他们甚至发现了它可能的匹配物——一颗数千年前降落在埃及北部的陨石)”可知，研究人员用现代技术来证明图坦卡蒙的匕首可能是由陨石制成的。故选C。CHoneybeescan'tswim,andwhentheirwingsarewet,theycan'tfly,either.ButChrisRohandotherresearchersattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyfoundthatwhenbeesdropintobodiesofwater,theycanusetheirwingstoproducelittlewavesandslidetowardland-likesurferswhocreateandthenridetheirownwaves.Aswithmanyscientificadvances－IsaacNewton'sappleorBenjaminFranklin'slightningbolt－Dr.Roh'sexperimentbeganwithawalk.PassingCaltech'sMillikanPondin2016,heobservedabeeonthewater'ssurfaceproducingwaves.Hewonderedhowaninsectknownforflightcouldpushitselfthroughwater.Dr.Rohandhisco-worker,MortezaGharib,usedbutterflynetstocollectlocalPasadenahoneybeesandobservedtheirsurf-likemovements.Theresearchersusedawiretorestricteachbee'sbodilymovement,allowingcloseexaminationoftheirwings.Theyfoundthatthebeebendsitswingsata30-degreeangle,pullingupwaterandproducingaforwardforce.Beesgettrappedonthesurfacebecausewaterisaboutthreetimesheavierthanair.Butthatweighthelpstopushthebeeforwardwhenitswingsmovequicklyupanddown.It'satoughexerciseforthebees,whichtheresearchersguesscouldhandleabout10minutesoftheactivity.Theresearcherssaidthesurf-likemovementhasn'tbeendocumentedinotherinsectsandmostsemiaquatic(半水生)insectsusetheirlegsforpropulsion(推进力),whichisknownaswater-walking.Itmayhaveevolvedinbees,theypredicted.Dr.RohandDr.Gharibhaveimaginedmanypracticalapplicationsforbees'surfing.Oneplanistousetheirobservationstodesignrobotsabletotravelacrossskyandsea.“Thiscouldbeusefulforsearchandrescues,orforgettingsamplesofthesurfaceoftheocean,ifyoucan'tsendaboatorhelicopter,”Dr.Gharibsaid.29.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoshowbyreferringtoNewtonandFranklin?A.Roh'sadmirationforthem.B.Roh'schancediscoveryaboutbees.C.Theiroutstandingtalentforscience.D.Theirsimilarachievementsindiscovery.30.Whatplaysthemostimportantroleinabee'smovingforwardonwater?A.Theairweight. B.Thebee'sweight.C.Thewatersurface. D.Thebee'scontinuouswingbeat.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“evolved”inParagraph4mean?A.Changedquickly. B.Developedgradually.C.Becamebetter. D.Becameworse.32.WhatcanRoh'srobotdoaccordingtothepassage?A.Itcansearchwildanimalsintheforestfire.B.Itcantravelacrossskywiththeaidofhelicopter.C.Itcangetsamplesofthesurfaceoftheoceanbyitself.D.Itcanrescuesurvivorsfromundergroundafterearthquake.【答案】29.B30.D31.B32.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，当蜜蜂掉进水里时，它们可以用翅膀产生小波浪，然后像会创造并驾驭自己的波浪的冲浪者一样滑向陆地。文章主要介绍了这项研究的开展过程以及蜜蜂冲浪行为可以带来的一些实际应用。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Aswithmanyscientificadvances－IsaacNewton'sappleorBenjaminFranklin'slightningbolt－Dr.Roh'sexperimentbeganwithawalk.PassingCaltech'sMillikanPondin2016,heobservedabeeonthewater'ssurfaceproducingwaves.Hewonderedhowaninsectknownforflightcouldpushitselfthroughwater.（正如许多科学进步一样，艾萨克·牛顿的苹果或本杰明·富兰克林的闪电。卢武铉的实验从散步开始。2016年，经过加州理工学院的米利坎池塘时，他观察到一只蜜蜂在水面上产生波浪。他想知道一种以飞行著称的昆虫是如何在水中前进的）”可知，作者提及牛顿和富兰克林是想表明Roh关于蜜蜂的偶然发现。故选B。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Butthatweighthelpstopushthebeeforwardwhenitswingsmovequicklyupanddown.（但当蜜蜂的翅膀快速上下移动时，这种重量有助于推动蜜蜂向前）”。可知，蜜蜂在水中前进的过程中持续拍打翅膀起着重要的作用。故选D。【31题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Theresearcherssaidthesurf-likemovementhasn'tbeendocumentedinotherinsectsandmostsemiaquatic(半水生)insectsusetheirlegsforpropulsion(推进力),whichisknownaswater-walking.（研究人员说，在其他昆虫身上还没有记录到类似冲浪的运动，大多数半水生昆虫用腿来推进，这被称为水上行走）”和“theypredicted（他们预测）”以及第五段第一句“Dr.RohandDr.Gharibhaveimaginedmanypracticalapplicationsforbees'surfing.（卢博士和加里布博士设想了蜜蜂冲浪的许多实际应用）”由此可知，蜜蜂在进化，所以划线词的意思是“进化，逐渐发展”。故选B。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thiscouldbeusefulforsearchandrescues,orforgettingsamplesofthesurfaceoftheocean,ifyoucan'tsendaboatorhelicopter（如果你不能派出船只或直升机，这对于搜救或获取海洋表面的样本可能会很有用）”，可知，Roh的机器人可以自己获取海洋表面的样本。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyousometimesgetstuckondecisionmaking?Whileit'sgreattohaveoptions,thereisahiddenburden:theresponsibilityofactuallymakingachoice!Thetoggletechniqueisgoodforimportantdecisionswhereyoufeelstuckbetweentwochoices.You'vethoughtaboutbothoptionscarefully,butyou'restillunsure.___33___Here'show:•Getcentered.Findaquietspaceanddoacoupleofdeepbreathstowarmup.___34___.•Divein.Imaginethatyou'vetotallycommittedtooneofyourchoice—we'llcallthatchoiceOptionA.Forabout30seconds,silentlypretendthatyou'vedecidedtochooseOptionA.___35___Forexample,doyoufeelasinkinginyourstomachorapositive,energizedfeelingthat'smorelikebutterfliesinyourstomach?•___36___OnceyouhaveexploredhowOptionAfeels,mentallytoggleovertoOptionBandpretendforapproximatelythirtysecondsthatyou'vechosenthisoption.Noticehowitfeelsemotionally,andnoticeifyouhaveanybody-feltreactions.Forexample,doyoufeelawarmupliftedfeelinginyourchestorasenseoftighteninginyourchest?•Gowithyourgut.___37___Andgiveyourselfpermissiontochoosetheonethatreallyfeltbestonanemotionalandbody-feltlevel.Manytimes,clientsinmypracticewhoarestrugglingwithanimportantchoicearesurprisedtoseehowmucheasieritistochoosewhentheyallowthemselvestoseehowtheyactuallyfeelaboutthechoices.A.Makeaswitch.B.Noticehowitfeelsinyourbody.C.Closeyoureyestoblockoutdistractions.D.Comparehowitfelttochooseeachoption.E.Talkchoicesoverwithtrustedsourcesofsupport.F.Sometimesour"gutfeeling"helpsmakethebestchoice.G.Thetoggletechniqueisnotareplacementfordoingapros/conslist.【答案】33.F34.C35.B36.A37.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文给我们讲述了当我们进行一项决策时，有时难免陷入进退两难的困局。这时可以用一种切换技术，比较在情感和身体感受的层面上，哪种选择的真实感觉最好，从而更容易作出最佳决策。【33题详解】根据上文“Doyousometimesgetstuckondecisionmaking?Whileit'sgreattohaveoptions,thereisahiddenburden:theresponsibilityofactuallymakingachoice!Thetoggletechniqueisgoodforimportantdecisionswhereyoufeelstuckbetweentwochoices.You'vethoughtaboutbothoptionscarefully,butyou'restillunsure.(你是否有时会在做决定时陷入困境？虽然有选择是件好事，但也隐藏着一种负担：真正做出选择的责任！切换技术对于你在两个选择之间感到为难的重要决定很有用。这两种选择你都仔细考虑过了，但还是不确定)”可知，上文提到了仔细考虑过两种选择还是不确定，结合后文介绍了如何通过直觉来做出最好的选择，故F选项“有时候我们的‘直觉’会帮助我们做出最好的选择”符合语境，故选F。【34题详解】根据上文“Getcentered.Findaquietspaceanddoacoupleofdeepbreathtowarmup.(集中注意力。找一个宁静的地方，做几下深呼吸，调整一下情绪)”可知，上文提到集中注意力的过程，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明排除外界干扰，集中注意力的过程。故C选项“闭上眼睛以阻挡干扰”符合语境，故选C。【35题详解】根据上文“Forabout30seconds,silentlypretendthatyou'vedecidedtochooseOptionA.(用约30秒时间，默默地假定你已经决定选择A)”以及后文“Forexample,doyoufeelasinkinginyourstomachorapositive,energizedfeelingthat'smorelikebutterfliesinyourstomach?(例如，你会觉得精神沮丧或者有没有一种积极的能量感，更像紧张不安那样的感觉？)”可知，后文提到了“精神沮丧”以及“紧张不安”这两种感觉，可推测本句是在建议注意自己内心的感觉。B选项中it指代上文OptionA。故B选项“注意它在你身体里的感觉”符合语境，故选B。【36题详解】根据后文“OnceyouhaveexploredhowOptionAfeels,mentallytoggleovertoOptionBandpretendforapproximatelythirtysecondsthatyou'vechosenthisoption.(一旦你已经仔细研究了选择A的感觉，内心切换到选择B。花大约30秒时间假定你已经决定选择它)”可知，本句位于段首，统率全段，后文提到从选择A切换到选择B，可以推测，这一句的意思是从选择A切换到选择B。故A选项“转换一下”符合语境，故选A。【37题详解】根据上文“Gowithyourgut.(跟着你的直觉走)”以及后文“Andgiveyourselfpermissiontochoosetheonethatreallyfeltbestonanemotionalandbody-feltlevel.(允许自己选择一个在情感和身体感受的层面上真正感觉最好的选择)”可知，本段主要是建议跟着直觉走，且后文提到了在情感和身体感受的层面上选择真正感觉最好的选择，可推测本句是在说明先比较每种选择，再做出选项，后文中one指代上文eachoption。故D选项“比较选择每一个选项时的感觉”符合语境，故选D第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Gradyhadasurpriseencounterinthecampingsite.“Thisisgoingtobeanotherreallylongweek,”hesaidtonoone___38___,sighing.Helookedaroundatthecampground.Hundredsoftalltrees___39___themountainside,likeabeautifulgreencarpet.Thesunwouldbesettingsoon.Evenuphereinthe___40___,thehotairofJulycouldstillbeannoying.Gradyhatedcamping,butitwassomethinghisfamilyinsistedonevery___41___.Hisfatherlikedcookingoveranopenfire,tellingstoriesabouthowto___42___thingslikebearattacksandbeebites.HismotherandyoungerbrotherJaredlikedtohikeandtake___43___ofanimals.Jaredhadacollectionofbugpicturesandhepinnedthemtothe___44___inhishalfoftheirroom,bugsonleaves,bugsontrees,bugsmovingindirt.GradythoughtitwasnotquitenormalandregardedJaredasa___45___kid.They___46___camp－twotentsoneforhisparentsandoneforhimselfandJared.Whileeveryoneelsestartedpreparingdinner,Gradyset___47___forthenearbystreamwhichwasdeepenoughtoswimin,lookingforsomeplacetocooldown.Ashe___48___thestream,somethingcaughthiseyes.Therewasa(n)___49___blackbabybear,nomorethantwofeettallwithalovelyface.Itwasplaying___50___atthewater'sedge,payingnoattentiontoitssurroundings.Gradymovedclosertogeta___51___look.ThenGradyheardasoundbehindhim.Hesuddenlyrememberedhisfatheroncesayingthatbabybearwouldneverbe___52___.Thenhelookedupandsawthemotherbearmovingtowardshim……Whatasurpriseencounter!38.A.inadvance B.inbrief C.inparticular D.inturn39.A.quit B.covered C.reflected D.moved40.A.mountain B.river C.car D.tower41.A.spring B.summer C.autumn D.winter42.A.encourage B.attract C.forgive D.survive43.A.pictures B.control C.care D.examples44.A.roofs B.walls C.floors D.beds45.A.generous B.independent C.strange D.sensitive46.A.letdown B.brokedown C.setup D.pickup47.A.out B.off C.about D.up.48.A.removed B.defended C.filled D.approached49.A.cute B.terrible C.frightened D.large50.A.respectfully B.gratefully C.carefully D.joyfully51.A.brighter B.better C.fixed D.lasting52.A.absent B.awake C.alone D.asleep【答案】38.C39.B40.A41.B42.D43.A44.B45.C46.C47.B48.D49.A50.D51.B52.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了Grady在和家人露营时，只身来到小溪边，看到一只可爱的熊宝宝，正当靠近时，想起父亲说熊宝宝不会独自行动，接着抬头看到熊妈妈正向他走来……。【38题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：“这将是又漫长的一周，”他叹了口气，并不是特意对谁说的。A.inadvance提前；B.inbrief简言之；C.inparticular特别；D.inturn反过来。结合上文内容可知Grady在自言自语，并不是特意对谁说的这话。故选C。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：数百棵高大的树木覆盖着山坡，像一张美丽的绿色地毯。A.quit停止；B.covered覆盖；C.reflected反射；D.moved移动。结合前后文语境“Hundredsoftalltrees...themountainside”可知，此处指数百棵高大的树木覆盖着（covered）山坡。故选B。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使在这里的山上，7月的热空气仍然令人讨厌。A.mountain山脉；B.river河流；C.car车；D.tower塔。结合上文“themountainside”可知，他们在山上。故选A。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Grady讨厌露营，但他的家人每年夏天都坚持去露营。A.spring春天；B.summer夏天；C.autumn秋天；D.winter冬天。根据第一段中“thehotairofJulycouldstillbeannoying”可知当时是七月，说明他的家人是夏天去露营。故选B。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲喜欢在明火上做饭，讲述如何在遭受熊袭击和蜜蜂叮咬等情况下生存下来的故事。A.encourage鼓励；B.attract吸引；C.forgive原谅；D.survive幸存。根据后文“likebearattacksandbeebites”可知父亲喜欢讲述如何在遭受熊袭击和蜜蜂叮咬等情况下生存下来的故事。故选D。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的妈妈和弟弟Jared喜欢徒步旅行和给动物拍照。A.pictures图片；B.control控制；C.care关心；D.examples例子。结合后文“hadacollectionofbugpictures”可知，Jared喜欢给动物拍照。故选A。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jared收集了一些昆虫的图片，他把它们钉在他那一半房间的墙上，树叶上的昆虫，树上的昆虫，在泥土中移动的昆虫。A.roofs屋顶；B.walls墙壁；C.floors地板；D.beds床。根据常识和后文“inhishalfoftheirroom”可知，