2022中考阅读理解热点话题练 专题66 社会关系（原卷版）

答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页2022中考阅读理解热点话题练专题66社会关系（2020·湖南株洲·中考真题）AnAmericanfriendhasinvitedyoutovisithisfamily.You’veneverbeentoanAmerican’shomebefore,whatshouldyoudo?Theansweris:whenyou’retheguest,youshouldjustmakeyourselfathome.That’sAmericanhospitality(好客).Americanhospitalitybeginsathome—especiallyaboutfood.MostAmericansagreethatgoodhomecookingbeatsrestaurantfood.Whenyouareinvitedforameal,youmightask,“CanIbringanything?”Thehostwillanswer,“No,justyourself.”Formostinformal(非正式的)dinners,youcanwearanycomfortableclothesyoulike.Arriveontime,orcalltotellyourhostsifyoucan’t.Duringthedinnertalk,guestswilloftenpraisethehostess(女主人)forthewonderfulmeal.Ofcourse,thebiggestpraiseistoeatlotsoffood!Whenyou’vehadenough,youmightoffertocleanthetableorwashthedishes.Butsinceyou’retheguest,yourhostsmaynotletyou.Instead,theymayinviteeveryonetomovetothelivingroomfordessertwithteaorcoffee.Therethehostsandtheguestsmaycontinuetohaveatalk.Afteraboutanhour’stalk,it’stimeforyoutoleave.IfyoucometoanAmerican’shome,you’dbetterletthehostsknowaheadoftimeunlessyou’reveryclosefriends,especiallywhenyouwanttostayforafewdays.Here’sagoodruleforguests:Shortstaysarebest.Evenrelatives,forexample,theiraunts,unclesorcousins,don’tusuallystayforseveralweekseverytime.Whileyou’restayingwithanAmericanfamily,trytokeepyourlivingareacleanandtidy.Yourhostfamilywillthankyouforyourconsideration.Andtheymayeveninviteyouback!MostAmericansconsiderthemselveshospitablepeople,andtheyareproudofmakingguestshappy.1．WhatshouldwedowhenweareguestsatanAmerican’shome?A．Bringalotofgifts. B．Makeourselvesathome. C．Stayforseveralweekseverytime.2．InAmerica,whenyouareinvitedforameal,you’dbetterleavethehostfamily_____.A．justafterthemealB．aboutanhourafterthemealC．abouttwoorthreehoursafterthemeal3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．MostAmericansthinkgoodhomefoodisbetterthanrestaurantfood.B．InAmerica,youcanwearcomfortableclothesformostinformaldinners.C．InAmerica,youarefreetocomeasguestswithouttellingthehostsfirst.4．Theunderlinedword“consideration”inthefourthparagraph(段)means“_____”inChinese.A．体贴 B．大方 C．聪明5．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．AmericanFood B．AmericanFamily C．AmericanHospitality（2020·四川内江·中考真题）MrMagicmanisamagician.Heisfamousinhistownandhegoestoallthechildren'sparties.Hedoeslotsofmagictricks.Hemakesallkindsofanimalsfromballoons.HeplayscardtricksandlikeHarryPotter,hecanmakethingsdisappear.Hetellswonderfulstories.Sometimes,hesingsanddancesforthechildren.AllthechildrenloveMr.Magicman.Whenchildrenseehimintown,theywave(招手)andtheyshout“Hello”athim.Hewavesbackandsometimes,ifhehashishaton,heraisesittogreetthem.TodayisSaturday,June26th,2020.Itissunny.ItisPeter'sbirthday.Peteristen.At2o'clock,allthechildren,includingme,ofcourse,wereatPeter'shouse.Weplayedpartygamesandatesomedeliciouscakes.WewaitedforMr.Magicman.ThenPeter'sdadcamein,saying,“Iamterriblysorry.Mr.Magicmanhasgotaverybadheadacheandhecannotcome.”Hearingthis,allthechildrenwereupset.Then,wediscussedtogetherandmadeaplan.Wemadeabanner(横幅)andwenttoMr.Magician’shousewithit.Peteralsotookacakewithhim.Afterweknockedonhisdoor,Mr.Magicmanslowlyopenedhisdoor.Seeingusstandingoutsidethedoor,hesmiled.Thenweheldupourbanner.Thebannerread,"Getwellsoon,Mr.Magicman.Weallloveyou."Thenwegavehimacake.Mr.Magicmanopenedhismouthandhemadethecakedisappearsoon!Heisreallyanexcellentmagician!6．WhatcanwelearnaboutMr.Magicman?A．Heispopularwithchildren. B．HelookslikeHarryPotter.C．Helovesanimalsverymuch. D．Helivesbymagictricks.7．WhydidMr.MagicmanfailtocometoPeter’sparty?A．Hewastoobusy. B．Hedidn’tliketheparty.C．Hewasn’treadyforit D．Hegotillseriously.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”referstointhelastparagraph?A．Thehat. B．Theballoon. C．Thebanner. D．Thecake.9．Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthetext?A．Inamagictextbookaboutmagic. B．Inapersonaldiary.C．Inamagazineforbirthdayparties. D．Inareportonanimals.（2020·河北·中考真题）Everyoneneedshelpsometimes.Peopledependononeanother.That'swhycommunitieshavespecialpeoplereadytolendahelpinghandtoanyonewhoneedsit.Forexample,whatwouldwedowithoutacommunityfirestation？Ifahomecatchesonfire,astheJacksonplacedidlastweek,itmightbeburneddownandpeoplegethurt…orworse.We'resoluckytohavefirementocometosavepeopleandputoutthefire,safely.Ifthefirestationhadn'tcomesofast,theJacksonsmighthavelosteverything.Andwhataboutourlocalpolicewhoprotectourfamilies,ourhomesandvaluablethings?Thepolicehavehelpedsomanyfamiliesthispastyear,especiallysavingpeopleandpetsandprotectingourhousesandotherthingsaftertheheavyrains.Thinkaboutalltheotherserviceworkerswehaveinthiscommunity,Wehavepeoplewhocollectwasteandrubbishandkeepourcommunitysanitary,Wehaveroadworkerswhoputupandrepairtrafficsignsandfixholesinthestreetstoprotectnotjustus,butourcars!Andwherewouldthiscommunitybewithouttheteachersinourschoolandthedoctors,andnursesinourcommunityhospitals?Thinkagainaboutwhatweeateveryday;thinkagainaboutwhatweweareveryday.Wecannotproducethem,butweusethemallthetime.Wegetalotfromallthesetirelessworkerswhokeepourcommunityrunning.Weneedthesepeopleinthecommunity.Wedependoneachother.Let'ssupporteachotherandhelpeachother.Onlyinthiswaycanwemakeourcommunityabetterplace.10．WhathappenedtotheJacksonslastweek？A．Theirpetswerelost. B．Theircarwasbadlyburnt.C．Theirhousecaughtonfire. D．Theirvaluablethingswerestolen.11．Whoofferedhelptofamiliesaftertheheavyrains?A．Firemen B．Doctors C．Roadworkers D．Localpolice12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"sanitary"mean?A．Clean B．Safe C．Quiet D．Busy13．Whichquestioncouldbesthelpusfindoutthewriter'spurpose？A．Didthewritermakeuslaugh?B．Didthewriterwantustodosomething？C．Didthewritertellusabouthowtobecomeateacher?D．Didthewriterteachuswhattodowhenafirebreaksout?14．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．PolicemenSavePeople'sLives B．PeopleDependonEachOther.C．ServiceWorkersDoImportantJobs D．WorkersKeepCommunityRunning（2019·广东深圳·中考真题）WhenJustinTongwasachild，otherkidsfeltsorryforhim．Hisparentsalwayshadhimdoinglotsofhouseworksuchascarryingouttherubbishandsendingnewspapers．Butwhenhegrewup，hewasbetteroffthanhischildhoodfriendsandlivedahappierandhealthierlife．Thesearethefindingofa40﹣yearstudythatfollowedthelivesof456childreninLondon．Itshowedthatthechildrenwhohadworkedhardinchildhoodhadaricherandahappierfuture．"Childrenwhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitygainedcompetence（能力）andcametofeeltheywereworthwhilemembersofsociety，"saidDanielBrown，thepsychologist（心理学家）whomadethediscovery．"Andbecausetheyfeltgoodaboutthemselves，othersfeltgoodaboutthem．"Brown'sstudyfollowedthesechildreningreatdetail．Interviewswererepeatedatages25，31and47．UnderBrown，theresearcherscomparedthechildren'smental﹣healthscoreswiththeirchildhood﹣activityscores．Pointswereawardedforpart﹣timejobs，housework，effortinschool，andabilitytodealwithproblems．Workingatanyageisimportant．Childhoodactivitieshelpachilddevelopresponsibility，independence，confidenceandcompetence﹣theunderpinnings（基础）ofemotionalhealth．Theyalsohelphimunderstandthatpeoplemustcooperateandworktowardcommongoals．Themostcompetentadultsarethosewhoknowhowtodothis．Yetworkisn'teverything．AsTolstoyoncesaid，"Onecanlivemagnificentlyinthisworldifoneknowshowtoworkandhowtolove，toworkforthepersononelovesandtoloveone'swork．"15．WhatdoweknowaboutJustinTong？A．Heenjoyedahappylife． B．Hefeltsorryfortheotherkids．C．Healwayssoldnewspapers． D．Heseldomcollectedrubbish．16．WhowillprobablysucceedinthefutureaccordingtoParagraph2？A．Childrenwhoenjoyhappierandricherlives．B．Childrenwhoworkinthehomeorcommunity．C．ChildrenwhotakepartinDanielBrown'sstudy．D．Childrenwhofeelgoodaboutpeoplearoundthem．17．HowdidBrownfollowthechildreninhisstudy？A．Bygivinghouseworkandpraise． B．Byinterviewingandgivingscores．C．Bysettinggoalsandshowinglove． D．Bysolvingproblemsandtestingthem．18．What'sthepurposeofthepassage？A．Totalkaboutaninterestingstudy． B．TointroduceJustinTong'ssuccess．C．Totellusaboutchildhoodactivities． D．Toencouragechildrentoworkhard．（2021·陕西·西北工业大学附属中学一模）IntheHollywoodmovieMeanGirls,threeprettyhighschoolgirlsalwayshangouttogether.Theymakefunofotherstudents.Theywon’tletyousitwiththematlunchifyoudon’twearthesamecoolclothesasthem.IntheUS,agroupofgirlslikethisiscalledaclique（小圈子）.Theylookdownonandlaughatotherpeople.Somegirlssay“Oh,myGod!”“Wearen’tlikethat.Wedon’thavecliquesoranything.”Butwedohavecliques.Theymaynotbeasextreme（极端的）asthecliqueinMeanGirls,buttheyexist.It’sjustthatafewextremecasesmakethewholecliquethingseemamuchbiggerdealthanitreallyis.It’susualforpeopletogettogetherwithotherswhosharetheirhobbies,andinmanycases,clothingstyles.There’sagroupforgirlswholiketoshop.There’sagroupforkidswholikemovies.Thesciencenerds（书呆子）hangoutwitheachother.Sportspeoplelikeeachother’scompany.Youmightthinkthepopulargroupswouldmakefunoftheneedyones.Butthat’sactuallynottrue.Inmyexperience,peoplearetoocaughtupintheirownlives.Theydon’thavetimetomakefunofothers.Thewayteenagersbehaveinschoolisreallynotdifferentfromthewayadultsbehave.Afterall,adultsstillwanttohangoutwithpeoplewhomtheylikeandhavethingsincommonwith.19．WhatarethethreegirlsinthemovieMeanGirlslike?A．Theyaregoodateverysubject.B．Theydressbeautifullyeveryday.C．Theyarepopularwiththeirclassmates.D．Theyareunfriendlytootherpeople.20．AccordingtoParagraph5,whichkindsofpeoplemayliketogettogether?A．ThosewhohavethesamehobbiesB．Girlswholiketoshopandboyswholikemovies.C．Sciencenerdsandsportspeople.D．Thosewhoareinthesameclass.21．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“caughtup”probablymean?A．Tired. B．Lazy C．Busy. D．Happy.22．Accordingtothelastparagraph,weknowthat_________.A．therearenogroupsforadultsB．adultsdon’tlikehowteenagersbehaveinschoolC．adultsliketomakefriendswithdifferentpeopleD．adultsandteenagershavesimilarwaysofmakingfriends（2021·浙江滨江·二模）MillionsofChinesehaveplayedamobilegamecalledTravelFrog.Youplayasthe“mother”ofafrogwholivesaloneandtraveling.Youneedtopreparefoodandtoolsforhistrips.Thefrogwillsendyoupostcardswhileheisaway.Thegame’spopularitymayhavesomethingtodowithhowlonelypeoplearethesedays,accordingtotheXinhuaNewsAgency.Manyplayershavesaidthatthelonelyfrogisjustlikethem.Butplayingwiththefroghelpsthemforgettheirlonelinessforashorttime.Lonelinessseemstobecommonproblemtoday.AccordingtoTheGuardian,about40percentofAmericanadultssaythey’relonely.AndintheUK,aboutoneineveryfivepeopleinthecountryis“alwaysoroftenlonely’’,TheTelegraphreported.ThismightbewhyUKgovernmentannouncedthecountry’sveryfirst“MinisterofLoneliness”January.Theminister’sjobistofindwaystohelppeopleintheUKfeellesslonely.Theminister’sofficewillprovidemoremoneyactivitiesthatconnectpeopletogether.Thislonelinessproblemmaybepartlyduetosocialmedia(媒体).Whenweseepicturesoffriendshavingfunorpostingselfieswithoutus,wemaycomparetheir“perfect”liveswithourownandfeelupsetandlonely.Butweshouldrememberthatnooneisborntobelonely.AstheUKpoetJohnDonneoncewrote,“Nomanisanisland,entireofitself.Everymanisapieceofthecontinent(陆地)apartofthemain..”23．PeopleplaythemobilegamecalledTravelFrogbecausetheyare________.A．happy B．angry C．lonely D．excited24．ThepurposeofintroducingTravelFrogis________.A．tellushowtoplaythisgame B．leadinmorepopulargamesC．tellushowpopularthisgameis D．leadintheproblemofloneliness25．Todealwithloneliness,MinisterofLoneliness_______.A．designedthegame B．foundwaystogetpeopletogetherC．reportedtheprobleminthenewspaper D．stoppedpeoplefromusingsocialmedia26．Whatdoesthelastparagraphtellus?A．Infact,wearenotlonely. B．Lonelinessisabigproblem.C．Everyoneshouldlivethewayhelikes. D．Itisnousecomparingourselveswithothers.（2021·河北滦南·二模）Areyounewtoexperiencingrelationships?Well,letmegiveyousomeadviceonhavingahealthyandpossiblylong-termrelationship.Beanhonestpersonwiththem.Donothidethingsfromthem;donotlie.Gettingthemtotrustyouisthemostimportantthinginanyrelationship.Ifthere’snotrust,there’snothingthere.Sopleasebehonestandthey’lllearntoopenuptoyou.Makesureyougivethemrespect.Nowrespectisn’tjustsimplytreatingherorhimnicely.There’salotmoretoit.Youshouldlearntostudyyourpartners’wantsandneeds.Don’tjustthinkaboutyourself;thinkaboutwhatyourpartnersneedaswell.Makesureyouareencouragingtoyourpartners.Alwaysbewillingtohelpthemandgivethemhonestyandpositivityatthesametime.Makethemfeelyouaresomeonewhotheycanreallycounton.Itmeansyourpartnercandependonyouwhentheyneedhelp.Thisisanimportantstepinarelationship.Makesureyouhaveagoodsenseofhumorwiththem.Laughteristhekeytohappiness.Laughalotwiththem,andjokewiththem.Laughtermayseemsilly,butit’sthesecrettoalotinlife.Itwillkeepthesparksalive.Laughterkeepstherelationshipstrongandlasting.Makesurethecommunicationisgood.Alwayscommunicatehowyoufeel,evenifit’ssomethingthatupsetsyou.Insteadofscreaming,talktothem.Iftheydidsomethingthatmadeyouunhappy,tellthemaboutitinarespectfulmanner.It’simportanttocommunicatethistothem,nottokeepitbottledup(压制情绪).27．Whatisthemostimportantthinginarelationship?A．trust B．respect C．laughter D．communication28．Howcanyougiveyourpartnerrespect?A．Bewillingtohelpthem. B．Thinkaboutyourwants.C．Simplytreatherorhimnicely. D．Thinkaboutyourpartner’sneeds.29．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“counton”mean?A．expressideas B．dependon C．lookbeautiful D．giveencouragement30．Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A．Youcanlaughandjokewithyourpartners.B．Youcanlaughatyourpartners,becauselaughteristhesecret.C．Ifyourpartnersdidsomethingthatupsetyou,youshouldscream.D．Ifyourpartnersdidsomethingthatmadeyouunhappy,youshouldkeepitbottledup.31．Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A．Howtobeanhonestperson. B．Communicationisimportant.C．Adviceonhavingahealthyrelationship. D．Howtodevelopasenseofhumor.（2021·浙江萧山·一模）Howniceareyou?Doyougivemoneytohomelesspeople?Doyouofferyourseattosomeoneinneedonabus?Manypeoplebelievethatconfidentpeoplethinkmorehighlyofthemselves,whilethosewhohavelowconfidencethinklessoftheirgoodsides.However,anewstudysaysitmightnotbetrue,reportedTheGuardian.ThestudywasdonebyJonathanFreeman,aprofessorfromtheUniversityofLondon,UK.Hefoundthat98percentofBritishpeopleconsiderthemselvestobeamongthenicest50percentofthepopulation.Inthestudy,Freemanfirstaskedsomepeopletovaluetheirownniceness.Thenhegotpeopletoanswerquestionslike“Doyougivedirectionstostrangers?”and“Haveyoueverdonated(捐赠)blood?”.Theresultsshowedthatpeoplearenotasniceastheythinktheyare.Twothirdsofthemseldomhelpedotherscarryheavyshoppingbags,andonlyaquarterofthemdonatedblood.InanotherstudyfromuniversitiesinChicagoandVirginia,US,somepeoplewereshownpicturesofthemselves.Somepictureshadbeenslightlychangedtomakethemappearmoreattractive.Whenaskedtopicktheunchangedpictures,peopleusuallychosethemoreattractiveones.So,whydowethinkwe’renicerthanweactuallyare?Therearemanytheories(理论).Apopularonesaysweunconsciously(无意识地)cheatourselves,sothatwecangetconfidencewithoutknowinglylyingtoourselvesoreachother.Howcanwesolveit?Someotherstudiesshowthatthereisasimpleway:feedback.Compareothers’opinionstowardyourselfwithyourownandyouwillseeaclearerpicture.32．Whatdidthenewstudyfind?A．Peoplecompareothers’opiniontothemselves.B．Peoplewithlowconfidencearemostlynotnice.C．Peoplearenotasniceastheythinktheyare.D．Peoplewouldliketohelpotherscarrybags.33．WhichofthefollowingaboutFreeman’sstudyisNOTtrue?A．FreemanisaBritishuniversityprofessor.B．About98percentofBritishpeoplethinkthey’renicepeople.C．Thepeopleansweredsomequestionsaboutniceness.D．Onefourthofthepeoplehelpedotherscarryheavybags.34．Accordingtothetheory,peoplechosethemoreattractivepicturesofthemselvesbecause________.A．theywerenothappywiththeirlooks.B．itwashardtotellsmalldifferences.C．theyliedtothemselveswithoutknowingit.D．theywantedthemselvestolookgood.35．Whatdoesthestorymainlytalkabout?A．Theimportanceofbeinganicerperson.B．Others’opinionstowardyou.C．Howtoknowourselveswell.D．People’sopinionsontheirownniceness.（2021·广西·崇左市江州区