贵州省2023-2024学年2024届“3 3 3”高考备考诊断性联考卷（一）英语试题

贵州省2023-2024学年2024届“333”高考备考诊断性联考卷（一）英语试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五总分评分一、阅读，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读理解Wantingtotakeabreakfrombigcitylife?Thesehiddengems(宝石)provideachancetoescapethehustleandbustleofbigcitiesandimmerseoneselfinthebeautyoftheselesser-knowndestinations.Sakrisoy&Reine,NorwayTheseremotefishingvillagesarelocatedintheLofotenislandsinnorthernNorway.Althoughreachingthemmayrequiresomeeffort,thejourneyisworthitforthebreathtakingscenery.Surroundedbygrandmountains,SakrisoyandReineofferopportunitiesforoutdooractivities,suchashikingandevenwitnessingthecharmingNorthernLights.Shirakawa-go,JapanThispicturesquevillageislocatedintheGifuPrefectureandisknownforitstraditionalgassho-zukurifarmhouses.Theseuniquebuildingsfeaturesteeproofsthatresemblehandsinprayer,whichiswhyShirakawa-gowasincludedintheUNESCOWorldHeritagelist.Duringwintertime,thevillagetransformsintoawinterwonderland,withthesnow-coveredroofscreatingamagicalatmosphere.Paraty,BrazilSituatedonBrazil'sCostaVerde,Paratyisacharmingbaysidetownthatoffersarelaxingandlaid-backatmosphere.Thetownisrenownedforitswell-preservedcolonialarchitecture,whichisbeautifullycomplementedbypalmtreesandcolorfulboatsintheharbor.Paratyisalsoagatewaytonearbydesertedislandbeaches,makingitaperfectdestinationforbeachloversandnatureenthusiasts.OldSanJuan,USAsthehistoricheartofPuertoRico'scapitalcity,OldSanJuanisatreasureofrichhistoryandculturalheritage.TheentireareaisaNationalHeritageSite,withitscolorfulbuildings,cobblestonestreets,andSpanishcolonialarchitectureaddingtoitscharm.Visitorscanexplorehistoricforts,strollalongthecitywalls,andindulgeindeliciousPuertoRicancuisine.1．WherecanpeopleenjoytheNorthernLights?A．Paraty. B．OldSanJuan.C．Shirakawa-go. D．Sakrisoy&Reine.2．WhowouldliketovisitParaty?A．Literatureenthusiasts. B．Naturelovers.C．Wintersportsamateurs. D．Foodadventurers.3．WhatdoShirakawa-goandOldSanJuanhaveincommon?A．Naturalbeauty. B．Architecturalcharm.C．Localcustoms. D．Outdooractivities.阅读理解Lastyear,asmythen-9-year-oldson,Leopold,andIwereonaseriesofadventuroustrips,Icameupwitharule:Wewouldsayyestoeverythingasmuchasfeasiblypossible.Leopoldisapickykid—hefeedsonlyonchickennuggetsandyogurt—andcanbereluctanttotrynewthings.Accordingtohim,it'sbecausehehasnumerousfears,includingheights,spidersandthedark.Buthonestly,Isuspecthejusthasnormalkid-sizednerves.Myoriginalgoalwassimple.Iwashopingtofindawaytoencouragehimwithoutresortingtoworn-outwordslike"ifyoudon'ttryit,you'llneverknowifyoulikeit."So,Iborrowedtheideaofa"yesday".LeopoldandIagreedwewouldsayyestoeverything—includingfoodandexperiences,especiallynewones.InSt.Augustine,Florida,wecollectivelysaidyestoamoonlitghosttourofthecity'sfamoushauntedsites,wherewhileothersgotclaustrophobic(幽闭恐惧的)andleftduringthetellingofghoststories,LeopoldandIstayeduntilthebitterendanddidn'tevenscreamwhenoneoftheactorsattemptedtofrightenuswithajumpscare.Onthatsametrip,Leopoldtriedhisfirstspicytunarollandthenexperimentedwithblackenedgrouper(石斑鱼).InLongSands,Maine,Ichallengedmyselftojumpintothefreezingocean,gettingcoldandwet,buthappytobefoolishenoughtojumpintothechillywaters.OnthelastnightofourtripatarodeowherecowboysshowedtheirskillsathandlingbullsinCody,Wyoming,mysondidnothesitatebutwentontothefieldtotakepartinthistraditionalevent.Thoughcomingbackwithouttheprizedbandanna,hewaslaughingloudly,sweatyandexcited.Iknewitwasanexperiencewewouldneverforget.Andthereinliesthebeautyofsayingyesonvacation.Itpushesyoutobeopentonewopportunitiesandstepoutofyourcomfortzone.Thoughit'snotalwayspossibletosayyestoeverythingbackhome,wherework,schoolandotherobligationsgetintheway,we'vebeguntryingtosayitmore.Cultivatingasenseofcuriosityandadventurehelpsallofuslivelifetothefullestwithzeroregrets—evenifyoudosometimeswindupcoldandwet,sweatyandtired.4．WhatcanwelearnaboutLeopoldfromthefirstparagraph?A．Heavoidednewattempts. B．Helongedforadventures.C．Hewasfondoftravelling. D．Heenjoyedvarietiesoffood.5．Whatdowelearnabouttheirtrips?A．Theytriedfreediving.B．Theykepttheirpromise.C．Theyenjoyedghoststories.D．Theywonaprizeinalocalfestival.6．Whatisthebenefitoftryingnewexperiences?A．Enjoyingthecomfortzone.B．Strengtheningcooperationskills.C．Developinganadventurousspirit.D．Cultivatingasenseofresponsibility.7．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Totellastoryofanadventuroustrip.B．Topresentproblemsoflivingafulllife.C．Toshowchallengesofparentingapickykid.D．Toshareamethodoftryingnewexperiences.阅读理解Alotofmanufacturedglasstodaymadefromsandandsodiumcarbonate(碳酸钠)canbereusedormelteddownandrecycledintonewitems,butitdoesn'tbreakdownintheenvironmentandwillsitinlandfillsforthousandsofyears.AteamofChinesescientistsaimedtodealwiththisenvironmentalconcernbydevelopinganeco-consciousalternative.InastudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalScienceAdvances,ateamattheChineseAcademyofSciences'InstituteofProcessEngineeringdescribehowtheyengineeredbiodegradableglassmadefromaminoacids(氨基酸).Thatglasswouldhaveasmallerimpactontheenvironmentandcanbreakdowninafewweeksorinseveralmonths.Inatest,glassbeadsmadeoutofaminoacidswereplacedundertheskinofmice,andthebreakdownofthebeadandtheskinhealingprocesswereobservedfor30days.Adiagramfromthestudyshowshowthemice'sbodiesbrokedownthebeads.Inthatmonth,theglassimplantdegradedbeneaththeskin,thewoundsitehealed,andfurgrewback."Throughouttheexperimentalperiod,nomiceexhibitedanypain-relatedbehaviorthatmayhavebeencausedbytheglassimplantation,andnoneofthemexperiencedobviousweightloss,"theresearcherswroteintheirpaper.Althoughaminoacidsdodegradeovertimeintheenvironmentthisbiodegradableglassisnotasdurableastraditionalglass,becauseaminoacidscanbreakdownquicklyinheat.Toovercomethisproblem,theresearcherschemicallymodifiedaminoacidsusingtheheating-coolingprocesstailoredformanufacturingthenewglass.Thisiswhenmaterialsfortheglassareheatedtobecomesoftandthenrapidlycooledsoastomaketheglasstougher."It'simportanttopointoutthatthisbiodegradableglassiscurrentlyinthelabstage,andfarfromlarge-scalecommercialization,"emphasizedYanXuehai,aprofessorinvolvedinthestudy,inapressrelease.8．Whathasbeenfoundafterresearchersimplantedglassbeadsinsidemice?A．Thegradualdegradationofthebeads.B．Therecyclingprocessofthebeads.C．Swollenwoundsitesofthemice.D．Apparentweightlossesofthemice.9．Whatmakesthestabilityofthenewglasspossible?A．Theenhanceddurabilitythroughchemicaladjustment.B．Theadoptionoftraditionalglassmanufacturingprocedures.C．Theprolongedexposuretoheatduringglassproduction.D．Therapiddegradationofaminoacidsintheenvironment.10．WhatisYanXuehua'sattitudetowardthestudy?A．Disapproving. B．Objective. C．Ambiguous. D．Dismissive.11．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Aminoacidsmakeeco-friendlyglassdurable.B．Biodegradableglassgainspopularityinthemarket.C．Biodegradableglassoffersasolutiontoecologicalsustainability.D．Aminoacidsprovideinspirationinglassmanufacturing.阅读理解Foodforests,alsoknownasforestgardensoredibleforests,areappearinginurbansettingsacrosstheUSasauniquewaytohelpfood-insecurecommunities.Theyimitatethestructureandfunctioningofnaturalforestecosystemsthatproducevariousedibleplantsforthecommunity,whichreducesrelianceonexternalfoodsourcesandpromotesfoodself-sufficiency.Foodforestscanmaximizefoodproductioninagivenarea.Inaregulargarden,you'reprobablyonlyplantingvegetablesalongtheground.Whilethiscanprovideagreatharvest,itleavesalotofspaceunused.Nowimagineyouareplantingafruittree.Ontheshadyside,youaddsomeshade-tolerantberries,andonthesunnysideyouaddsomesun-lovingberries.Atthebaseofthesun-lovingberries,youplantsomeannualvegetablesandherbs.Thisfoodforestwouldresultinatrulysplendidharvestthatwoulddwarfwhataregulargardenthesamesizecouldprovide.Thegeniusofafoodforestliesinitsdesignedcultivationofbeneficialinteractionsbetweendifferentplantspecies.Forinstance,someplantsmightenrichthesoilbyfixingnitrogen,anaturalfertilizerforneighboringvegetation,whileothersnaturallyattractbeneficialinsects,providingabuilt-inpestcontrolmechanism.Thesestrategicconnectionsleadtoreduceddependencyonlaborinputsandcreateanenvironmentthatishardyandsustainable.Foodforestsrequireongoingcareandmaintenance,whichofteninvolvestheparticipationofcommunitymembers.Thiscooperativeeffortdevelopsasenseofsharedresponsibilityandbringspeopletogethertoworktowardsacommongoal.Communitymemberscancometogethertolearnaboutplantingtechniques,sustainablegardeningpractices,andthebenefitsofnativeplants.Thissharedlearningexperiencecreatesaplatformforexchangingideasandskills,promotingasenseofself-reliancewithinthecommunity.12．Whatarefoodforestsintendedfor?A．ImprovingfoodqualityinAmerica.B．Protectingnaturalforestecosystems.C．Beautifyingtheurbanlivingenvironment.D．Providingfoodsourcesforthecommunity.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"dwarf"inparagraph2mean?A．Strengthen. B．Overshadow. C．Widen. D．Enlarge.14．Whatdoestheexampleinparagraph3indicate?A．Foodforestscanhelpincreasethediversityofspecies.B．Foodforestsrequireconsiderablelaborinputstomaintain.C．Plantsinfoodforestscanbenefitoneanotherinsomeways.D．Thepestcontrolmechanisminfoodforestsisfavorabletosoil.15．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Plantingtechniquesdeterminetheyieldoffoodforests.B．Themaintenanceoffoodforestsiscostlyandcomplicated.C．Foodforestsserveasabondtobringcommunitymemberscloser.D．Foodforestshavebecomeapopulargatheringspotinthecommunities.二、第二部分，阅读，第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中两项为多余选项。YourPathtoEmotionalMaturityEmotionsplayacriticalpartinourlivesandarecontagiousunlessyouknowhowtoactuallycontrolthem.Inordertogrowandthrive,youmustlearntobeemotionallyintelligent.16．.FocusYourEffortsOnSelf-evolutionJustlikeyou,itiscompletelynormalforeveryoneelsetohavetheirownbeliefsandopinions.Keepingthatinmind,it'sbettertounderstandthatyoucannotchangeothers,nomatterhowhardyoutry.Evenifyoutrychangingothers,youcouldbehurtingyourselfintheprocess.17．.TryUsing"I"Statements18．.Use"I"statementslike"Ifeelmiserableandheartbroken"insteadof"Youmakemefeelmiserableandheartbroken."Thisapproachconveysyouremotionseffectivelywithoutaggression,showcasingemotionalmaturity.19．Peoplesometimesinteractwithusasifwearemindreaders,especiallyinrelationships.Yourpartnermayexpectyoutounderstandtheirdesires,whichcanbechallenging.Justasyouaren'tamindreader,othersaren'teither.Youneedtocommunicateyourneedstootherpeople,andtheyneedtodothesamewithyou.Shareyourneedswithyourlovedonesandobservethepositivechanges.AvoidNegativePeopleYouareknownbythecompanyyoukeep,andthisisalwaystrue.20．.Ifsurroundedbynegativepeoplethatonlybringothersdown,thenyouwillalwaysfeelmiserable.Inordertobeemotionallyintelligent,youmusthaveagoodandsupportingcompanybyyourside.Steerclearofpeoplewhoemotionallymanipulateothers.Wheneveryoufeelsomethinglikethat,cuttieswiththemimmediately.A.CommunicateYourNeedsB.AlwaysPrioritizeSelf-CareC.Ifsurroundedbyhappyandmotivatedpeople,youwillalwaysbehappyD.Whenupset,expressyourfeelingsopenlybutinanon-aggressivemannerE.ThestrategyinthisstressfulsituationistofocusonothersinsteadofyoursF.TakingfullresponsibilityforyouractionsishowyoubecomeemotionallymatureG.Toenhanceemotionalmaturityandhappiness,self-changeisthebestcourseofaction三、语言运用，第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ayearago,HialeahGardensHighSchoolstudentWendyChaimetSnowball,theAmericanEskimodog.Chai,whois16yearsold,was21．withanxietyanddepressionwhenshewas13,butthankstoan22．startedatherhighschoolinHialeahGardens,Florida,shehasreliedonSnowballtohelpher23．theday.Theprogram,S.A.F.E.(SupportAnimalsforEveryone),was24．bystudentsatherschoolin2022.It25．certainstudentstobringsupportanimalstoschoolandalsomakessupportanimals26．tostudentsandstaffduringschoolhours.ThestudentspresentedtheirprojecttotheAspenChallengeinMiami.Theinitiativewonthethirdplace.S.A.F.EPresidentNaomiGallardo,17,explainedthat27．toanimalshelpsstudentsrelaxafterexams."Webringdifferenttypesofanimals—dogs,cats,rabbits,snakes—accordingtoour28．andfancies,"Naomisaid."Wehostannualoccasions29．ataddressingmentalhealth."Formany,talkingaboutmentalhealthis30．duetothenegativestereotypesandsocial31．surroundingtheissue.Thepresenceofatrainedanimalasemotionalsupport32．helpstobreakdownthatpsychological33．.Byprovidingstudentswithvarioussupportanimalsand34．dialogue,S.A.F.E.continuestocreateasaferandmore35．environmentforall.21．A．diagnosed B．annoyed C．walked D．helped22．A．experiment B．opportunity C．initiative D．experience23．A．goacross B．passbyC．getalong D．getthrough24．A．informed B．launched C．discovered D．transformed25．A．forbids B．allows C．facilitates D．discourages26．A．available B．convenient C．reliable D．responsible27．A．limitation B．opposition C．exposure D．similarity28．A．facts B．items C．conditions D．preferences29．A．stared B．glared C．aimed D．arrived30．A．simple B．tough C．rough D．delicate31．A．pride B．patience C．generosity D．prejudice32．A．seldom B．usually C．regularly D．rarely33．A．barrier B．access C．connection D．bridge34．A．recording B．interesting C．encouraging D．controlling35．A．supportive B．critical C．cooperative D．independent四、语言运用，第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheHangzhouAsianGamesOrganizingCommittee36．(announce)onFeb12that6Gtechnologywouldbeusedinthe19thAsiangamesinHangzhou,capitalofChina'seasternprovinceofZhejiang,37．(aim)tocreateahigh-techandintelligentsportsevent.Thetechnologyreferstoareconfigurable(可重新配置的)intelligentsurface,38．AI-empoweredartificialmaterial.Itisasmartplatformenabling39．(vary)functionssuchasdatamining,communication,energyharvesting,andsensingbydirectlyprocessingilluminatedinformation-carryingwavesataphysicallevel."Wehavedonetestsinseveralsporting40．(venue)oftheHangzhouAsianGames.Aftercombiningthereconfigurableintelligentsurfacetechnology41．basestations,thesignalintensityinareaswithpreviouslypoorsignalwas10timesgreaterthanbefore,making42．easiertocommunicate,"anexpertsaid."Itwas43．(independent)developedbyChinaandboastslowenergyconsumptionandgreateffectiveness,44．canreducepowerconsumptionwhileincreasingthesignaltransmissionefficiency,"theexpertadded."Thetechnologyisstillundergoingresearchanddevelopmentandisexpected45．(demonstrate)tothepublicduringtheHangzhouAsianGamesfromSept23toOct8."五、写作(共两节，满分40分)46．假定你是李华，你的美国好友Susan下周要参加国际中华思想文化演讲比赛（InternationalSpeechContestonChineseThoughtandCulture），给你发来邮件表示焦虑、紧张。请你就此给她回封邮件，内容包括：

1.表示宽慰；

2.提出建议；

3.给予鼓励。注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.格式已为你写好。DearSusan,……Bestwishes,LiHua47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ten-year-oldRileyChristensenandhermother,Lynn,weresittinginfrontofthefamilycomputer,checkingoutmodelsandpricesofbikes."Let'spickoneoutforyourbirthday,"Lynnsuggestedtoherdaughter.Theairintheroomwasfilledwithexcitementastheyscrolledthroughvariousoptions,envisioningthejoywhenRileycycledaroundtheneighborhood.Theylaughedtogether,exploringthefeaturesofeachbike,anddiscussingcolors.AsRileyscrolleddownthehomepageoftheBikeRack,ashopintheirtownofSt.Charles,Illinois,avideolinkforProjectMobilitycaughthereye.Sheclickedonitoutofcuriosity,unawarethatthissimpleclickwouldunfoldaprofoundstoryofcompassionandsympathy.ThevideoclipbegantonarratetheinspiringjourneyofBikeRackco-ownerHalHoneyman.Throughit,LynnandRileyweretransportedintotheworldofProjectMobility,witnessinghowHalHoneymanhadtransformedapassionforbikingintoanorganizationdedicatedtoprovidingspeciallyengineeredbicyclesforthosefacingphysicalchallenges.Thevideofootage(镜头)paintedavividpictureofthepositiveimpacttheseadaptedbikeshadonindividuals—accidentvictims,injuredveterans,andchildrenwithdisabilities,includingHal'sownson,whohadbeenbornwithcerebralpalsy(脑瘫)."Idon'twantabikeformyself.I'mgoingtobuyabikeforoneofthosekids,"Rileytoldhermother.Twodayslater,sheshowedLynnalettershehadwrittenaskingfordonations."Ithinkit'samazingforaguytomakebikesforkidswhocan'twalk,"thelettersaid."Isawhowhappyaboywaswhenhegotone...I'mwritingtoaskforyourhelp."Lynnwasblownawaybyherdaughter'seffort,butdoubtsquicklyemerged.Thecostofjustoneofthosespecialbikescouldbeashighas$4,000.Rileycouldneverraisethemoney.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Nonetheless,herletterwentoutto75relativesandfriends.……Onherbirthday,Rileydeliveredthebicyclestothreeluckykids.

答案解析部分【答案】1．D2．B3．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个不太为人所知旅游景点及其特征。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。1．细节理解题。根据Sakrisoy&Reine,Norway中"Surroundedbygrandmountains,SakrisoyandReineofferopportunitiesforoutdooractivities,suchashikingandevenwitnessingthecharmingNorthernLights.(SakrisoyandReine因被群山环绕，为户外活动提供了很多机会，比如徒步旅行，甚至可以目睹迷人的北极光。)"可知，人们在Sakrisoy&Reine可以欣赏到北极光。故选D。2．细节理解题。根据Paraty,Brazil中的"Paratyisalsoagatewaytonearbydesertedislandbeaches,makingitaperfectdestinationforbeachloversandnatureenthusiasts.(Paraty也是通往附近荒岛海滩的门户，使其成为海滩爱好者和自然爱好者的完美目的地。)"可知，自然爱好者可能会参观Paraty。故选B。3．细节理解题。根据Shirakawa-go,Japan中"ThispicturesquevillageislocatedintheGifuPrefectureandisknownforitstraditionalgassho-zukurifarmhouses.Theseuniquebuildingsfeaturesteeproofsthatresemblehandsinprayer(这个风景如画的村庄位于GifuPrefecture，以其传统的gassho-zukuri农舍而闻名。这些独特的建筑以陡峭的屋顶为特色，酷似祈祷中的双手)"以及OldSanJuan,US中"TheentireareaisaNationalHeritageSite,withitscolorfulbuildings,cobblestonestreets,andSpanishcolonialarchitectureaddingtoitscharm.(整个地区都是国家遗产，其色彩缤纷的建筑，鹅卵石街道和西班牙殖民建筑增添了它的魅力。)"可知，Shirakawa-go和OldSanJuan的共同点是建筑的魅力。故选B。【答案】4．A5．B6．C7．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者和儿子进行了一系列冒险之旅时，定下了尽可能接受一切事物的规定。在旅途中作者和儿子尝试了新的东西，有了难忘的回忆。作者从中意识到，培养好奇心和冒险精神让我们在没有遗憾的情况下充分地生活。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和目的意图题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。在解答目的意图题时，考生可以采用以下技巧与策略：首先，快速浏览全文，把握文章大意；其次，重点关注首尾段和每段的首尾句，这些位置往往包含作者的主要观点和意图；最后，结合题干和选项，运用词汇、语气、逻辑等分析方法，选出最符合作者意图的答案。4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Leopoldisapickykid—hefeedsonlyonchickennuggetsandyogurt—andcanbereluctanttotrynewthings.(利奥波德是个挑剔的孩子——他只吃鸡块和酸奶——可能不愿意尝试新事物。)"可知，利奥波德避免新的尝试。故选A。5．推理判断题。根据第二段中的"LeopoldandIagreedwewouldsayyestoeverything—includingfoodandexperiences,especiallynewones.(利奥波德和我一致认为，我们会答应一切——包括食物和体验，尤其是新的。)"和第三段的内容可推测出，作者和儿子信守了一开始的承诺，在旅行中不断尝试新事物。故选B。6．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的"Cultivatingasenseofcuriosityandadventurehelpsallofuslivelifetothefullestwithzeroregrets—evenifyoudosometimeswindupcoldandwet,sweatyandtired.(培养好奇心和冒险精神有助于我们所有人在没有遗憾的情况下充分地生活——即使你有时会感到又冷又湿，汗流浃背，疲惫不堪。)"可知，尝试新事物有助于培养冒险精神。故选C。7．目的意图题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的"Lastyear,asmythen-9-year-oldson,Leopold,andIwereonaseriesofadventuroustrips,Icameupwitharule:Wewouldsayyestoeverythingasmuchasfeasiblypossible.(去年，当我和当时9岁的儿子利奥波德进行一系列冒险旅行时，我提出了一条规定：我们会尽可能地答应一切。)"和最后一段"Andthereinliesthebeautyofsayingyesonvacation.Itpushesyoutobeopentonewopportunitiesandstepoutofyourcomfortzone.Thoughit'snotalwayspossibletosayyestoeverythingbackhome,wherework,schoolandotherobligationsgetintheway,we'vebeguntryingtosayitmore.Cultivatingasenseofcuriosityandadventurehelpsallofuslivelifetothefullestwithzeroregrets—evenifyoudosometimeswindupcoldandwet,sweatyandtired.(度假时答应的美妙之处就在于此。它促使你对新的机会持开放态度，走出你的舒适区。尽管回到家不可能总是对一切都说‘是'，家里有工作、学校和其他义务阻碍，但我们已经开始尝试多说。培养好奇心和冒险精神有助于我们所有人在没有遗憾的情况下充分地生活——即使你有时会感到又冷又湿，汗流浃背，疲惫不堪。)"可知，作者主要讲述了和儿子一起在旅途中尝试新事物的经历以及好处，目的是分享一种新的尝试新体验的方式。故选D。【答案】8．A9．A10．B11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是中国科学家利用氨基酸研制出了一种新型可降解的环保玻璃。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。8．细节理解题。根据第三段"Inthatmonth,theglassimplantdegradedbeneaththeskin,thewoundsitehealed,andfurgrewback.(在那个月里，玻璃植入物在皮肤下降解，伤口愈合，毛又长出来了。)"可知，研究人员在老鼠体内植入玻璃珠后发现了珠子的逐渐降解。故选A。9．推理判断题。根据第四段"Toovercomethisproblem,theresearcherschemicallymodifiedaminoacidsusingtheheating-coolingprocesstailoredformanufacturingthenewglass.Thisiswhenmaterialsfortheglassareheatedtobecomesoftandthenrapidlycooledsoastomaketheglasstougher.(为了克服这个问题，研究人员使用为制造新玻璃量身定制的加热-冷却工艺对氨基酸进行化学修饰。这是当玻璃材料被加热变软，然后迅速冷却，以使玻璃更坚韧。)"可知，通过化学调整增强耐用性使这种新玻璃的稳定性成为可能。故选A。10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"It'simportanttopointoutthatthisbiodegradableglassiscurrentlyinthelabstage,andfarfromlarge-scalecommercialization(需要指出的是，这种可生物降解的玻璃目前还处于实验室阶段，距离大规模商业化还很远)"可知，YanXuehua对这个研究的态度是客观的，故选B。11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段"Alotofmanufacturedglasstodaymadefromsandandsodiumcarbonate(碳酸钠)canbereusedormelteddownandrecycledintonewitems,butitdoesn'tbreakdownintheenvironmentandwillsitinlandfillsforthousandsofyears.AteamofChinesescientistsaimedtodealwiththisenvironmentalconcernbydevelopinganeco-consciousalternative.(今天，许多由沙子和碳酸钠制成的人造玻璃可以重复使用或熔化并回收制成新物品，但它不会在环境中分解，将在垃圾填埋场中放置数千年。一组中国科学家旨在通过开发一种具有生态意识的替代品来解决这种环境问题。)"可知，本篇文章主要介绍了中国科学家团队研发了一款能够在短期内自然降解的环保玻璃，并通过实验证实了该新型玻璃的生物无害性以及研究人员对它的优化，C选项"Biodegradableglassoffersasolutiontoecologicalsustainability.(可生物降解玻璃为生态可持续性提供了解决方案。)"是文章的主旨。故选C。【答案】12．D13．B14．C15．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍食物森林通过模仿天然森林生态系统的结构和功能，生产供人类食用的食物。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词句猜测题的解题方法包括利用指代关系、定义、定语、文章中的举例、比较的词语、构词法知识、上下文语境、因果关系来推测词义。12．细节理解题。根据第一段"Foodforests,alsoknownasforestgardensoredibleforests,areappearinginurbansettingsacrosstheUSasauniquewaytohelpfood-insecurecommunities.Theyimitatethestructureandfunctioningofnaturalforestecosystemsthatproducevariousedibleplantsforthecommunity,whichreducesrelianceonexternalfoodsourcesandpromotesfoodself-sufficiency.(食物森林，也称为森林花园或可食用森林，作为帮助粮食不安全社区的一种独特方式，正在美国各地的城市环境中出现。它们模仿天然森林生态系统的结构和功能，为社区生产各种可食用植物，从而减少对外部食物来源的依赖，促进粮食自给自足)"可知，食物森林旨在为社区提供食物来源。故选D。13．词义猜测题。根据第二段"Thisfoodforestwouldresultinatrulysplendidharvestthatwoulddwarfwhataregulargardenthesamesizecouldprovide.(这片食物森林将带来真正辉煌的收成，使同样大小的普通花园所能提供的收成dwarf)"可知，这片食物森林将会带来真正的大丰收，所以这将使一个同样大小的普通菜园所能提供的收成相形见绌。由此推测，划线词dwarf表示"相形见绌"，与选项B含义相近。故选B。14．推理判断题。根据第三段"Thegeniusofafoodforestliesinitsdesignedcultivationofbeneficialinteractionsbetweendifferentplantspecies.Forinstance,someplantsmightenrichthesoilbyfixingnitrogen,anaturalfertilizerforneighboringvegetation,whileothersnaturallyattractbeneficialinsects,providingabuilt-inpestcontrolmechanism.Thesestrategicconnectionsleadtoreduceddependencyonlaborinputsandcreateanenvironmentthatishardyandsustainable.(食物森林的天才之处在于其精心设计的不同植物物种之间有益相互作用的培养。例如，一些植物可能会通过固定氮来丰富土壤，氮是邻近植被的天然肥料，而另一些植物则会自然吸引有益的昆虫，从而提供一种内置的害虫控制机制。这些战略联系减少了对劳动力投入的依赖，并创造了一个坚韧和可持续的环境)"可推知，该段中的例子表明在食物森林中，植物可以以一些方式使其他植物受益。故选C。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段"Foodforestsrequireongoingcareandmaintenance,whichofteninvolvestheparticipationofcommunitymembers.Thiscooperativeeffortdevelopsasenseofsharedresponsibilityandbringspeopletogethertoworktowardsacommongoal.Communitymemberscancometogethertolearnaboutplantingtechniques,sustainablegardeningpractices,andthebenefitsofnativeplants.Thissharedlearningexperiencecreatesaplatformforexchangingideasandskills,promotingasenseofself-reliancewithinthecommunity.(粮食森林需要持续的照料和维护，这往往需要社区成员的参与。这种合作努力培养了一种共同的责任感，并使人们团结起来，为实现共同目标而努力。社区成员可以聚在一起学习种植技术、可持续园艺实践和本地植物的好处。这种共享的学习经验为交流思想和技能创造了一个平台，促进了社区内的自力更生意识)"可推知，食物森林是将社区成员联系在一起的纽带。故选C。【答案】16．F；17．G；18．D；19．A；20．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了走向情绪成熟的4个方法。

【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题时，要求考生注意通读整篇文章，把握整段脉络，理出文章的中心，分析段落之间和段落内部的层次。选项与前后句之间的逻辑关系是确定答案的主要依据。可以从意思、关键词、关联词来分析段落之间以及段落内部的逻辑关系。七选五解题的一些实用技巧如下。第一，快速浏览全文，把握文章主旨。在开始解题前，快速浏览全文，了解文章的大致内容和主题，有助于更好地理解和判断每个选项的合适性。第二，注意段首句和段尾句。段首句往往是对整段的概括或引入，而段尾句则常常是对该段的总结或结论。因此，关注这些句子有助于我们快速了解段落的主旨，从而更好地选择答案。第三，利用上下文语境和逻辑关系进行推断。在选择答案时，要仔细阅读上下文，寻找与选