专题02-阅读理解(说明文)2023年高考英语三模试题分项汇编(新高考八省专用)-(解析版)

地理第2页（共5页）专题02阅读理解（说明文）(解析版)目录2023届辽宁省沈阳市等3地高三三模试题2023届湖北省高中名校联盟高三第三次测试试题2023届重庆市高考模拟调研卷英语试题（三）2023届湖南省郴州市高三适应性考试（三模）试题2023届福建省漳州市高三第三次质量检测试题2023届福建省高三下学期联合测评英语试题2023届广东省惠州市高三调试题试题2023年辽宁省部分重点高中协作体高三模拟试题2023届重庆市高三下学期5月三诊英语试题10.河北省石家庄市2023年高三第二学期全过程纵向评价试题1.【2023届辽宁省沈阳市等3地高三三模试题】Withanabundanceofsunandwind,SpainispositioningitselfasEurope’sfutureleaderingreenhydrogen(氢气)productiontocleanupheavyindustries.Butsomeenergyexpertsexpresscautionbecausethisprocessreliesonmassiveavailabilityofzero-carbonelectricity.Greenhydrogeniscreatedwhenrenewableenergysourcespoweranelectricalcurrentthatrunsthroughwater,separatingitshydrogenandoxygenmolecules(分子).Theprocessdoesn’tproduceplanet-warmingcarbondioxide,butlessthan0.1%ofglobalhydrogenproductioniscurrentlycreatedinthisway.Theseparatedhydrogencanbeusedintheproductionofsteel,ammonia(氨)andchemicalproducts,allofwhichrequireindustrialprocessesthatarehardertostopfossilfuels.Hydrogenalsocanbeusedasatransportationfuel,whichcouldonedaytransformthehighlypollutingshippingandaviationsectors.Spain’slarge,windsweptandthinlypopulatedterritoryreceivesmorethan2,500hoursofsunshineonaverageperyear,providingidealconditionsforwindandsolarenergy,andthereforegreenhydrogenproduction.“IfyoulookatwherehydrogenisgoingtobeproducedinEuropeinthenextmillionyears,it’sintwocountries,SpainandPortugal,”saidThierryLepercq,thefounderandpresidentofHyDealAmbition,anindustryplatformbringingtogether30companies.“Hydrogenisthenewoil.”LepercqisworkingwithcompanieslikeSpanishgaspipelinecorporationEnagasandglobalsteelgiantArcelorMittaltodesignanend-to-endmodelforhydrogenproduction,distributionandsupplyatacompetitiveprice.Criticismhascenteredongreenhydrogen’shighercostcomparedwithhighly-polluting“grayhydrogen”drawnfromnaturalgas.LepercqarguesthatsolarenergyproducedinSpainispricedlowenoughtocompete.Globally,Lepercqsaid,“Electricity,power,is20%ofenergyconsumption.Whataboutthe80%thatisnotelectrified?...Youneedtoreplacethosefossilfuels.Notin50years’time.Youneedtoreplacethemnow.”12．WhyaresomeexpertscautiousaboutgreenhydrogenproductioninSpain?A．Itneedslargeamountsofsunandwind. B．Ithasaneffectonheavyindustries.C．Itcausesconflictsamongcountries. D．Ituseslotsofzero-carbonelectricity.13．WhatistheadvantageofgreenhydrogenproductioninSpain?A．Idealgeographicalconditions. B．Thesupportfromgovernment.C．Hydrogenproductiontechnology. D．Well-developedpublictransports.14．WhatcanbeinferredaboutgreenhydrogeninSpainaccordingtoLepercq?A．Itishighlypriced. B．Itiseasytostore.C．Itiscompetitive. D．Itishighly-polluting.15．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．SpainManagestoUseZero-carbonElectricityB．SpainStrugglestoLeadEUinGreenHydrogenC．SpainTakestheLeadinPreventingAirPollutionD．SpainReplacesFossilFuelwithGreenHydrogen【答案】12．D13．A14．C15．D【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了凭借充足的阳光和风，西班牙将成为欧洲绿色氢生产的未来领导者。12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Butsomeenergyexpertsexpresscautionbecausethisprocessreliesonmassiveavailabilityofzero-carbonelectricity.(但一些能源专家表示谨慎，因为这一过程依赖于零碳电力的大量可用性)”可知，一些能源专家表示谨慎是因为这一过程依赖于零碳电力的大量可用性。故选D。13．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Spain’slarge,windsweptandthinlypopulatedterritoryreceivesmorethan2,500hoursofsunshineonaverageperyear,providingidealconditionsforwindandsolarenergy,andthereforegreenhydrogenproduction.(西班牙面积大，多风，人口稀少，每年平均日照超过2500小时，为风能和太阳能提供了理想的条件，因此也为绿色氢生产提供了理想的条件)”可知，西班牙绿色氢生产的一大优势就是其优越的地理条件。故选A。14．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“LepercqisworkingwithcompanieslikeSpanishgaspipelinecorporationEnagasandglobalsteelgiantArcelorMittaltodesignanend-to-endmodelforhydrogenproduction,distributionandsupplyatacompetitiveprice.Criticismhascenteredongreenhydrogen’shighercostcomparedwithhighly-polluting“grayhydrogen”drawnfromnaturalgas.LepercqarguesthatsolarenergyproducedinSpainispricedlowenoughtocompete.(Lepercq正在与西班牙天然气管道公司Enagas和全球钢铁巨头ArcelorMittal公司合作，设计一种端到端的氢气生产、分销和供应模式，价格具有竞争力。批评的焦点是，与从天然气中提取的高污染“灰氢”相比，绿色氢的成本更高。Lepercq认为，西班牙生产的太阳能价格足够低，具有竞争力)”可推知，Lepercq认为西班牙的绿氢生产极具竞争性。故选C。15．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Withanabundanceofsunandwind,SpainispositioningitselfasEurope’sfutureleaderingreenhydrogen(氢气)productiontocleanupheavyindustries.(凭借充足的阳光和风，西班牙将自己定位为清洁重工业的绿色氢生产的欧洲的未来领导者)”以及第四段“Spain’slarge,windsweptandthinlypopulatedterritoryreceivesmorethan2,500hoursofsunshineonaverageperyear,providingidealconditionsforwindandsolarenergy,andthereforegreenhydrogenproduction.(西班牙面积大，多风，人口稀少，每年平均日照超过2500小时，为风能和太阳能提供了理想的条件，因此也为绿色氢生产提供了理想的条件)”可知，本文主要介绍的是西班牙凭借充足的阳光和风打算用绿色氢来取代化石燃料。由此可知，“SpainReplacesFossilFuelwithGreenHydrogen(西班牙用绿色氢取代化石燃料)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。2.【2023届湖北省高中名校联盟高三第三次测试试题】Inthe1990sand2000s,CostaRicaandPanamaexperiencedariseinmalaria(疟疾)cases.Themassivelossofamphibians(两栖动物)intheregionfromafungal(真菌的)diseasemayhavecontributedtothemalariaincrease.Thespreadofthefungaldiseasewasaslow-motiondisaster,leadingtoadecades-longwaveofamphibiandeclinesglobally.Fromthe1980stothe2000s,thewavemovedfromnorthwesttosoutheastacrossCostaRicaandPanama.Ananalysisofecologicalsurveys,publichealthrecordsandsatellitedatasuggestsalinkbetweentheamphibiandie-offsandanincreaseinhumanmalariacases.Onaverage,eachcountyhad0.8to1.1additionalcasesofmalariaper1,000peopleperyearforaboutsixyears,beginningseveralyearsaftertheamphibianlosses,MichaelSpringborn,anenvironmentaleconomistoftheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis,andcolleaguesfound.Springbornandcolleagueswonderediftheimpactsthatthefungaldiseasehasonthedeclineofatleast500speciesgloballystretchedtohumans.TheteamturnedtoCostaRicaandPanama,wherethefungusmovedthroughecosystemsinasomewhatuniformwayalongthenarrowareaoflandonwhichthetwocountriessit,Springbornsays.Theresearchersworkedoutwhenthefungusarrivedatagivenplaceandthenlookedatthenumberofmalariacasesinthoseplacesbeforeandafterthedie-offs.Malariacasesroseinthefirstcoupleofyearsafterthedeclineandremainedhighforsixyearsorsobeforegoingdownagainforunknownreasons.Studiesontheconnectionsbetweenbiodiversitylossandhealthmight“helpmotivateconservationbyhighlightingthedirectbenefitsofconservationtohumanwell-being,”saysHillaryYoung,acommunityecologistattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara.“Humansarecausingwildlifetobelostataratesimilartothatofothermajormassextinctionevents,”shesays.“Weareincreasinglyawarethattheselossescanhavemajorimpactsonhumanhealthandwell-being-and,inparticular,onriskofinfectiousdisease.”28．Whatdirectlybroughtabouttheriseinmalariacases?A．Theextinctionoffungus. B．Thedeathofamphibians.C．Thespreadofafungaldisease. D．Thelackofwildlifeconservation.29．WhatcanweinferfromSpringbornandcolleagues,findings?A．Thenumberofamphibiansdroppeddramatically.B．Thefungushaslittleimpactonhumanwell-being.C．Thecounty’spopulationmultipliedaftertheamphibiandecline.D．Malariacasesshowrelevantchangeswhenamphibiansbecamefewer.30．Howdidthescientistscarryouttheresearch?A．Bystudyingthefeaturesofthefungus.B．Bycomparingthenumberofmalariacases.C．Byfindingoutthetrackoffungus’movement.D．Byworkingoutthereasonfortheamphibiandie-offs.31．WhichstatementisHillaryYoungmostlikelytoapproveof?A．Humansshouldkeepwildlifeatadistance.B．Humanscausethemajormassextinctionevents.C．Humanwell-beingiscloselyconnectedwithwildlife.D．Humanhealthhasnorelationshipwithconservation.【答案】28．B29．D30．B31．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是两栖动物的死亡是导致疟疾增长的重要原因。28．细节理解题。由第一段中的“Themassivelossofamphibians(两栖动物)intheregionfromafungal(真菌的)diseasemayhavecontributedtothemalariaincrease.(该地区两栖动物因真菌疾病而大量死亡，可能是导致疟疾病例增加的原因之一。)”可以看出是由于两栖动物的大量死亡导致疟疾的增长。故选B项。29．推理判断题。通过第三段“Onaverage,eachcountyhad0.8to1.1additionalcasesofmalariaper1,000peopleperyearforaboutsixyears,beginningseveralyearsaftertheamphibianlosses,MichaelSpringborn,anenvironmentaleconomistoftheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis,andcolleaguesfound.(加州大学戴维斯分校(UniversityofCalifornia,Davis)的环境经济学家迈克尔·斯普林伯恩(MichaelSpringborn)及其同事发现，在两栖动物消失几年后，平均而言，每个县每1000人每年增加0.8到1.1例疟疾病例，持续了大约6年。)”可推测出当两栖动物变少时，疟疾病例显示出相关的变化。故选D项。30．推理判断题。由第四段中的“Theresearchersworkedoutwhenthefungusarrivedatagivenplaceandthenlookedatthenumberofmalariacasesinthoseplacesbeforeandafterthedie-offs.(研究人员计算出了这种真菌何时到达一个特定的地方，然后观察了这些地方在真菌死亡前后的疟疾病例数量。)”可以推断出，科学家是通过对比前后疟疾病例的数量来判断的。故选B项。31．推理判断题。由最后一段“Studiesontheconnectionsbetweenbiodiversitylossandhealthmight“helpmotivateconservationbyhighlightingthedirectbenefitsofconservationtohumanwell-being,”saysHillaryYoung,acommunityecologistattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara.“Humansarecausingwildlifetobelostataratesimilartothatofothermajormassextinctionevents,”shesays.“Weareincreasinglyawarethattheselossescanhavemajorimpactsonhumanhealthandwell-being-and,inparticular,onriskofinfectiousdisease.”(加州大学圣巴巴拉分校的社区生态学家希拉里·杨(HillaryYoung)说，对生物多样性丧失与健康之间联系的研究可能“通过强调保护对人类福祉的直接好处，有助于促进保护”。她说:“人类造成野生动物灭绝的速度与其他重大物种灭绝事件相似。”“我们越来越意识到，这些损失可能对人类健康和福祉产生重大影响，特别是对传染病的风险。”)”可以得出人的生命健康与野生生物是息息相关的。故选C项。【2023届重庆市高考模拟调研卷英语试题（三）】DhruvJain,whopresentedthisnewsystem,sharesthatthemainmotivationforthecreationofthisappcamefromhisownexperienceandconversationsthathiscolleaguesandhehadhadwithdeafandhard-ofhearingpeopleoverseveralyears.HepresentedthephoneandsmartwatchapplicationcalledSoundWatch.Jain,whohastroublehearing,usesSoundWatchathometoavoidseepingthroughasmokealarm.Healsosaysthatonanaturewalk,itwilltellhimthatbirdsaresingingandthatthereisawaterfallnearby.Thesoundsmakehimfeelmorepresentandconnectedtotheworld.Suchsoundawarenessapplicationsforsmartphonesalreadyexist.However,Jainpreferstheimmediacyofsoundnotifications(告知)onhiswrist,ratherthaninhispocket.Surveysofdeafpeopleorthosewhoarehardofhearingshowthatheisnotalone.TheSoundWatchapplicationpairsanAndroidphoneorsmartwatch.Thewatchrecordsambient(环境的)noises.Itthensendsthedatatothesmartphoneforprocessing.Whenthephonedetectsasoundofinterest,thesmartwatchvibratesandanotificationisdisplayedonitsface.Jain,whoisacomputerscientistattheWashingtonUniversityinSeattle,andcolleaguesdesignedtheapplicationtoidentifyuptotwentynoises.Duringtheexperiments,theSoundWatchapplicationcorrectlyidentifiedthosetwentysounds81.2%ofthetime.Whenit’ssettolistenonlyfordoorknocks,firealarms,alarmclocks,orotherurgentnoises,theappshows97.6%accuracy.Eighthard-ofhearinganddeafpeoplewhousedtheapplicationaroundauniversitycampusgavetheappbroadlyfavorablereviews.However,itshouldbenotedthattheappmisclassifiedsomeofthenoisyoutdoorsettingsandsounds.JainandhiscolleaguesarenowworkingonanewerversionofSoundWatchthatuserscantraintorecognizenewsounds,suchastheirhousealarm,usingjustafewrecordings.12．Comparedwiththealready-existingsoundawarenessappforsmartphones,whatistheadvantage?A．Quicktorecognize. B．Convenienttocarry.C．Easytoapply. D．Cheaptomake.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vibrate”mostprobablymeaninPara.4?A．Makeasound. B．Shakequickly.C．Giveaverbalwarning. D．Moveforward.14．WhatistheSoundWatchlikerightnow?A．Itisquiteperfect. B．Itcanidentifyanynoise.C．Itiswidelyused. D．Itneedsimprovement.15．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．SoundWatchApplication:TheFistApporPeoplewithHearingLossB．SoundAwarenessApplication:TheBestAppforPeopleWhoCannotHearC．ASoundAwarenessAppIdentifiesDifferentKindsofNoisesfortheOldD．ASmartWatchAPPCanWarnPeoplewithHearingLossofNearbySounds【答案】12．B13．B14．D15．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了SoundWatch程序，可以提醒有听力障碍的人周围的声音。介绍了其工作方式以及应用情况。12．细节理解题。根据第三段“Suchsoundawarenessapplicationsforsmartphonesalreadyexist.However,Jainpreferstheimmediacyofsoundnotifications(告知)onhiswrist,ratherthaninhispocket.Surveysofdeafpeopleorthosewhoarehardofhearingshowthatheisnotalone.(这种用于智能手机的声音感知应用程序已经存在。然而，Jain更喜欢在手腕上的即时声音通知，而不是在口袋里。对聋哑人或重听者的调查表明，不是只有他一个人这样)”可知，与已经存在的智能手机声音感知应用程序相比，它的优势是携带方便。故选B。13．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Whenthephonedetectsasoundofinterest,thesmartwatch”以及后文“andanotificationisdisplayedonitsface”可知，当手机检测到有趣的声音时，智能手表就会震动，并在它的表盘上显示一条通知。故画线词意思是“震动”。故选B。14．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“However,itshouldbenotedthattheappmisclassifiedsomeofthenoisyoutdoorsettingsandsounds.(然而，应该注意的是，该应用程序错误地分类了一些嘈杂的室外环境和声音)”可知，SoundWatch仍需要改进。故选D。15．主旨大意题。根据第四段“TheSoundWatchapplicationpairsanAndroidphoneorsmartwatch.Thewatchrecordsambient(环境的)noises.Itthensendsthedatatothesmartphoneforprocessing.Whenthephonedetectsasoundofinterest,thesmartwatchvibratesandanotificationisdisplayedonitsface.(SoundWatch应用程序可以与安卓手机或智能手表配对。手表会记录周围的噪音。然后将数据发送到智能手机进行处理。当手机检测到有趣的声音时，智能手表就会震动，并在它的表盘上显示一条通知)”结合文章主要介绍了SoundWatch程序，可以提醒有听力障碍的人周围的声音。介绍了其工作方式以及应用情况。可知，D选项“一款智能手表应用程序可以提醒听力受损的人听到附近的声音”最符合文章标题。故选D。4.【2023届湖南省郴州市高三适应性考试（三模）试题】Duringthelastfewyearswehavelivedthroughaseriesofworryingglobalevents,fromtheCOVIDpandemictodevastatingwildfires.Insteadoffeelinginformedafterwatchingthenews,manypeoplefeelanxious,upsetandsick.AnewstudypublishedinJournalofHealthCommunicationinvestigatedintothisproblem.Accordingtothestudy,stress,anxiety,andpoorhealthfollowpeoplewhohaveaconstanturgetocheckthenews.Fortheseindividuals,avicious(恶性的)cyclecandevelopinwhich,ratherthantuningout,theybecomedrawnfurtherin,checkingforupdatesaroundtheclocktorelievetheiremotionalstress.Butitdoesn’thelp,andthemoretheycheckthenews,themoreitbeginstointerfere(干扰)withotheraspectsoftheirlives.Ofthe1,100peoplesurveyedforthestudy,16.5percentbecamesoabsorbedinthenewsthatitdominatedtheirthoughts,limitedthetimetheyspentwithfamilyandfriendsandmadeitdifficulttofocusonschoolorwork,Thosearetheverythings-purposefulengagementandsocialconnection-thathelpuscopewithstressandmentalhealthchallenges.AccordingtoBryanMeLaughlin,oneoftheauthors,thefindingsshowthatpeopleshoulddevelopahealthierrelationshipwiththenews.“Forexample,previousresearchhasshownthatindividualswhobecameconcernedaboutthebadeffectsthattheirconstantattentiontoCOVID-19washavingontheirmentalhealthreportedmakingtheconsciousdecisiontotuneout.Thiscomesattheexpenseofanindividual’saccesstoimportantinformationfortheirhealthandsafety.Thisiswhyahealthyrelationshipwithnewsconsumptionisanidealsituation,”hesaid.Inaddition,thestudyalsocallsouttheneedforawiderdiscussionabouthowthenewsindustrymaybefuelingtheproblem.Journalistsoftenfocusonselecting“newsworthy”storiesthatwouldgrabnewsconsumers’attentionbecauseoftheeconomicpressures.“However,forcertaintypesofpeople,newsstoriesnotonlygrabtheirattentionanddrawthemin,butalsocanbeharmfultoindividuals’health,”McLaughlinsaid.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thisproblem”inParagraph1referto?A．Thatnewsaddictionmaybringnegativeeffects.B．ThatCOVID-19affectspeople’smentalhealth.C．Thatpeopleareexposedtotoomuchinformation.D．Thatjournalistsfocusonterrifyingstoriestoimpressreaders.9．Whomaybeeasiertobeaffectedbythenews?A．Peoplewithdifficultyinsocializing.B．Peoplewithaburningthirstfornews.C．Peoplewhohavetroublefocusingonschoolorwork.D．PeoplewholovetosharetheirfeelingsontheInternet.10．WhatmightBryanMcLaughlinagreewith?A．Thepressisregardedasaboomingindustry.B．Peopleshouldavoidbeingengagedinthenews.C．Journalistsshouldfocusonnewsworthystories.D．Peopleshouldfindbalancebetweenstayinginformedandmaintaininghealth.11．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．HealthyNewsConsumptionIsCrucialB．NewsAddictionLinkstoPoorWell-beingC．HowNewsIndustryFuelsNewsAddictionD．HighlyInformedReadersSufferFromAnxiety【答案】8．A9．B10．D11．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍一项关于许多人在看完新闻后非但没有感到知情，反而感到焦虑、不安和恶心的一项研究，告诉人们应该与新闻建立更健康的关系。8．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Insteadoffeelinginformedafterwatchingthenews,manypeoplefeelanxious,upsetandsick.(很多人在看完新闻后并没有得到足够的信息，而是感到焦虑、不安和恶心)”可知，下文的划线词thisproblem指代“新闻成瘾可能会带来负面影响”这一问题。故选A项。9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Accordingtothestudy,stress,anxiety,andpoorhealthfollowpeoplewhohaveaconstanturgetocheckthenews.(根据这项研究，压力、焦虑和健康状况不佳都伴随着不断想要查看新闻的人。)”可知，对新闻有强烈渴望的人可能更容易受到新闻的影响。故选B项。10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“However,forcertaintypesofpeople,newsstoriesnotonlygrabtheirattentionanddrawthemin,butalsocanbeharmfultoindividuals’health(然而，对于某些类型的人来说，新闻报道不仅抓住了他们的注意力，吸引了他们，而且可能对个人的健康有害)”可推知，人们应该在了解情况和保持健康之间找到平衡这一观点可能是布莱恩·麦克劳克林所同意的。故选D项。11．主旨大意题。文章通过介绍一项关于许多人在看完新闻后非但没有感到知情，反而感到焦虑、不安和恶心的一项研究，告诉人们应该与新闻建立更健康的关系。由此可知，A选项“健康的新闻消费至关重要”能概括全文内容，适合用作文章标题。故选A项。5.【2023届福建省漳州市高三第三次质量检测试题】Thisisthedigitalage,andtheadvicetomanagersisclear.Ifyoudon’tknowwhatChatGPTisordisliketheideaofworkingwitharobot,enjoyyourretirement.So,asforthepresentyoushouldgetforyourmanagerthisfestiveseason,agoodchoicemaybeanythingmadeofpaper.Undoubtedly,itcanserveasausefulreminderofwherethedigitalworld’slimitationslie.Severalrecentstudieshighlightedtheenduringvalueofthisancienttechnologyinseveraldifferentaspects.AstudybyVickyMorwitzofColumbiaBusinessSchool,YanliuHuangofDrexelUniversityandZhenYangofCaliforniaStateUniversity,Fullerton,findsthatpapercalendarsproducedifferentbehavioursfromdigitalcalendars.Usersofold-fashionedcalendarsmademoredetailedprojectplansthanthoselookingatanApp,andtheyweremorelikelytosticktothoseplans.Simpledimensionsseemtocount.Theabilitytoseelotsofdaysatonceonapapercalendarmatters.HereisanotherstudyfromMaferimaTouré-TilleryoftheKelloggSchoolofManagementatNorthwesternUniversityandLiliWangofZhejiangUniversity.Inonepartoftheirstudy,theresearchersaskedstrangerstotakeasurvey.Halftherespondentsweregivenapenandpapertofilloutaform;theotherhalfwerehandedaniPad.Whenaskedfortheiremailaddresstoreceiveinformation,thosewhousedpaperweremuchlikeliertodecideonapositiveanswer.Theresearchersbelievethatpeoplemakebetterdecisionsonpaperbecauseitfeelsmoreconsequentialthanadigitalscreen.Paper-and-penrespondentsweremorelikelythaniPaduserstothinktheirchoicesindicatedtheircharactersbetter.Researchershadotherfindings.Theyfoundshopperswerewillingtopaymoreforreadingmaterialsinprintedformthanthosetheycouldonlydownloadonline.Eventhesightofsomeonehandlingsomethingcanhelponlinesales.Similarly,peoplebrowsing(浏览)inavirtual-reality(虚拟现实)shopwasmorewillingtobuyaT-shirtiftheysawtheirownvirtualhandtouchit.8．Howdoestheauthorleadinthetopic?A．Bytellingastory. B．Bygivingexamples.C．Byraisingquestions. D．Bydescribingasituation.9．Whycanpapercalendarsmakeuserssticktoplansbetter?A．Theyareabetterreminder.B．Theycanshowmoredetailedplans.C．Theyprovidechancesforpeopletopracticewriting.D．Theyprovideabetterviewofmanydays’plansatatime.10．WhichofthefollowingdidpaperinfluencebasedonParagraph3?A．Decision. B．Sympathy. C．Efficiency. D．Responsibility.11．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Paperposterswillgreatlypromotesalesonline.B．E-magazinesarethoughtlessvaluablethanpaperones.C．Seeingothersbuywillincreaseone’spurchasingdesire.D．Peoplepreferitemsmadeofpaperinsteadofothermaterials.【答案】8．D9．D10．A11．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究发现，世界数字化是时代发展趋势，但纸制品的存在说明它仍有局限性，而纸质品有其恒久的价值。8．推理判断题。根据首段中的“Ifyoudon’tknowwhatChatGPTisordisliketheideaofworkingwitharobot,enjoyyourretirement.So,asforthepresentyoushouldgetforyourmanagerthisfestiveseason,agoodchoicemaybeanythingmadeofpaper.(如果你不知道ChatGPT是什么，或者不喜欢和机器人一起工作的想法，享受你的退休生活吧。所以，至于这个节日你应该送给经理的礼物，纸做的任何东西都是不错的选择)”可知，作者假设一位退休人员给经理送礼物时，用纸做成的任何礼物都是一个不错的选择，从而引出本文阐述的话题，由此可以推断，作者通过描述一种情况导入话题。故选D项。9．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Usersofold-fashionedcalendarsmademoredetailedprojectplansthanthoselookingatanApp,andtheyweremorelikelytosticktothoseplans.Simpledimensionsseemtocount.Theabilitytoseelotsofdaysatonceonapapercalendarmatters.(老式日历的用户比那些查看应用程序的用户制定了更详细的项目计划，他们更有可能坚持这些计划。简单的尺寸似乎很重要。在纸质日历上一次查看很多天的项目计划的能力很重要。)”可知，旧式的日历可以一次查看很多天的项目计划，所以更有可能坚持这些计划，所以纸质日历能让使用者坚持计划的原因是它可以每次能显示很多天的计划。故选D项。10．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Whenaskedfortheiremailaddresstoreceiveinformation,thosewhousedpaperweremuchlikeliertodecideonapositiveanswer.Theresearchersbelievethatpeoplemakebetterdecisionsonpaperbecauseitfeelsmoreconsequentialthanadigitalscreen.(当被问及他们的电子邮件地址以接收信息时，那些使用纸张的人更有可能决定一个肯定的答案。研究人员认为，人们在纸上做出更好的决定，因为它比数字屏幕更重要。)”可知，研究者也认为，使用纸张的人更有可能做出更好的决定，由此可知，纸对人们做出的决定有影响。故选A项。11．推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Theyfoundshopperswerewillingtopaymoreforreadingmaterialsinprintedformthanthosetheycouldonlydownloadonline.(他们发现，购物者愿意为印刷形式的阅读材料支付更多的费用，而不是他们只能在线下载的材料。)”可知，消费者愿意消费印制的阅读材料而不愿意消费那些只是下载的材料，由此可推断，相比而言，电子的材料价值不如纸质的材料。故选B项。7.【2023届广东省惠州市高三调试题试题】Morogoro,Tanzia,Britishresearchscientist,Dr.DonnaKeanistraining170ratstobesentintoearthquakeruinstodovitalworkinfindingearthquakesurvivors.Theprojecthastrainedaboutsevenratstodate,takingaroundtwoweekstogettherescueratsuptospeed.Theserescueratsaresentintomock(模拟的)earthquakeruinswithtinybackpacksthatcontainmicrophones,videogears,andlocationtrackers.Thesetoolswillallowtherescueteamstocommunicatewithearthquakesurvivorsinreal-time.“Itraintheseclevercreaturestosavevictimstrappedincollapsedbuildingsafterearthquakes.Wekitthemoutwitharatbackpack,andtrainthemtoactivateaswitchwhentheyfindavictimandcomebackforatastytreat.”postedDrDonnaKeanonTwitteronMay26,2022.Dr.Keanexpressedhowtherescueratsareidealforthistypeofworksaying,“Ratswouldbeabletogetintosmallspacestogetvictimsburiedinrubble.”Thehighlyswiftratsneversetofflandminesandtheirnaturalswiftnessmakesthemidealforuseinhard-to-navigatedisasterzones.Theirsuitabilityforthisworkgoesfurther,withratsbeinggoodatsurvivingindifferentenvironmentsandlivingoffofanything.Therescueratsareevenbeingtrainedtorespondtobeepsthatcallthembacktotheirbase.Dr.Kean＇steamcollaborates(合作)withthenon-profitorganizationAPOLOfortheir“HeroRats”project.These“HeroRats”aresettostartworkingwithasearchandrescueteaminTurkey,joiningearthquakerescueeffortsinthehigh-riskarea.Thegroupof170ratsisbeingtrainedforadditionalprojectsinvolvinglandmines,tuberculosis(肺结核),andevensniffingoutBrucellosis,aninfectiousdiseasethatimpactsfarmanimals.Dr.Keanfeelshopefulaboutherproject’spromisingresultsandisexcitedtobetheonlyorganizationinthisspaceworkingwiththisspecies.8．Whyaretherescueratsequippedwithbackpacks?A．Tomonitortherats.B．Tolocatethesurvivors.C．Torecordtherescueprocess.D．Tokeeptrackofthesurvivors.9．Accordingtothepassage,whatcanatrainedrescueratdo?A．Setofflandminesaccurately.B．Digoutthoseburiedinrubble.C．Figureoutthesignalfrombeeps.D．Completethetaskwithoutareward.10．Whatmake(s)ratsoutweighotheranimalsinthisproject?A．Theireffortsintraining.B．Theirnatureofrescuing.C．Theireagernessforsurvivals.D．Theiradaptabilitytoenvironments.11．Whatcanbeinferredaboutthe“HeroRats“project?A．Theresultsfailtoprovethepotential.B．Theratshavetobetrainedrepeatedly.C．Theprojectprobablypioneersinthespace.D．Theratshavebeenwidelyusedinvariousfields.【答案】8．D9．C10．D11．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了救援鼠应用于地震救援工作中。8．细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“Theserescueratsaresentintomock(模拟的)earthquakeruinswithtinybackpacksthatcontainmicrophones,videogears,andlocationtrackers.Thesetoolswillallowtherescueteamstocommunicatewithearthquakesurvivorsinreal-time.(这些救援鼠被带着装有麦克风、视频设备和位置追踪器的小背包送入模拟地震废墟。这些工具将使救援队能够与地震幸存者实时沟通。)”可知救援鼠配备了背包是为了追踪幸存者，故选D。9．细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“Therescueratsareevenbeingtrainedtorespondtobeepsthatcallthembacktotheirbase.(救援鼠甚至正在接受训练，以对呼叫它们返回基地的哔哔声做出反应。)”可知根据短文，一只受过训练的救援鼠能从哔哔声中辨别出信号，故选C。10．细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“Thehighlyswiftratsneversetofflandminesandtheirnaturalswiftnessmakesthemidealforuseinhard-to-navigatedisasterzones.Theirsuitabilityforthisworkgoesfurther,withratsbeinggoodatsurvivingindifferentenvironmentsandlivingoffofanything.(它们对这项工作的适应性更进一步，因为老鼠善于在不同的环境中生存，并以任何东西为生)”可知.在这个项目中，老鼠比其他动物更重要的原因是原文它们对环境的适应性，故选D。11．推理判断题。文章最后一讲到“Dr.Keanfeelshopefulaboutherproject’spromisingresultsandisexcitedtobetheonlyorganizationinthisspaceworkingwiththisspecies.(基恩博士对她的项目取得的有希望的结果感到充满希望，并且很高兴成为这个空间中唯一一个与这个物种合作的组织。)”可知从“英雄鼠”项目可以推断出该项目可能是该领域的先驱，故选C。8.【2023年辽宁省部分重点高中协作体高三模拟试题】It’struethatourabilitytopickupnewskillsdeclineswithage,butusingaspecifictypeofmindset—effectivelyholdingontoabeginner’smind—canhelpyoulearnnewtricksandskillseffectivelyasanadult.Youmaystillwonderwhyyoushouldmaketheeffort,butbest-sellingauthorTomVanderbiltpointsoutthattherearemanygeneralbenefitsoflearninganynewskill—includingsomelong-termbrainchangesthatcouldreducesomeofthementaldeclinethatoftencomeswithageing.Interestingly,thebenefitshereseemtocomefromtryingoutmultipleskills,ratherthanfocusingononeparticularexpertise.AsVanderbiltwritesinhisbook:“Ratherthanrunningamarathonmechanically,youareputtingyourbrainthroughavarietyofhigh-intensityintervalworkouts.Eachtimeyoubegintolearnthatnewskill,you’rereshapingyourself.You’retraining